Ortho Prep U 3 and 4

During a routine physical examination on an older female client, a nurse notes that the client is 5 feet, 3/8 inches (1.6 m) tall. The client states, "How is that possible? I was always 5 feet and 1/2? (1.7 m) tall." Which statement is the best response by the nurse? "There may be some slight discrepancy between the measuring tools used." "After age 40, height may show a gradual decrease as a result of spinal compression" "The posture begins to stoop after middle age." "After menopause, the body's bone density declines, resulting in a gradual loss of height."

"After menopause, the body's bone density declines, resulting in a gradual loss of height."

Which medication classification is prescribed when allergy is a factor causing the skin disorder? Antihistamines Corticosteroids Antibiotics Local anesthetics

Antihistamines

Which medication directly inhibits osteoclasts, thereby reducing bone loss and increasing BMD? Teriparatide (Forteo) Vitamin D Calcitonin (Miacalcin) Raloxifene (Evista)

Calcitonin (Miacalcin)

The nurse is assessing the feet of a patient and observes an overgrowth of the horny layer of the epidermis. What does the nurse recognize this condition as? Clawfoot Corn Bunion Hammer Toe

Corn

Which term refers to a flexion deformity caused by a slowly progressive contracture of the palmar fascia? Dupuytren contracture Hammertoe Callus Hallux valgus

Dupuytren contracture

Which of the following was formerly called a bunion? Plantar fasciitis Ganglion Morton's neuroma Hallux valgus

Hallux valgus

A client is diagnosed with carpal tunnel syndrome. Which assessment findings would the nurse expect? Pain radiating down the dorsal surface of the forearm A decrease in grasp strength Inability to flex index and middle fingers Tenderness in the affected wrist

Inability to flex index and middle fingers

In chronic osteomyelitis, antibiotics are adjunctive therapy in which situation? Surgical debridement Vitamin supplements Wound irrigation Wound packing

Surgical debridement

Morton neuroma is exhibited by which clinical manifestation? Swelling of the third (lateral) branch of the median plantar nerve Longitudinal arch of the foot is diminished High arm and a fixed equinus deformity Inflammation of the foot-supporting fascia

Swelling of the third (lateral) branch of the median plantar nerve

The nurse has educated a patient with low back pain about techniques to relieve the back pain and prevent further complications. What statement by the patient shows understanding of the education the nurse provided? "I will bend at the waist when I am lifting objects from the floor." "I will avoid prolonged sitting or walking." "Instead of turning around to grasp an object, I will twist at the waist." "I will lie prone with my legs slightly elevated."

"I will avoid prolonged sitting or walking."

The nurse is planning discharge instructions for the client with osteomyelitis. What instructions should the nurse include in the discharge teaching? "You need to perform weight-bearing exercises twice a week." "You need to limit the amount of protein and calcium in your diet." "Use your continuous passive motion machine (CPM) 2 hours each day." "You will receive IV antibiotics for 3 to 6 weeks."

"You will receive IV antibiotics for 3 to 6 weeks."

A client comes back to the clinic with a continued complaint of back pain. What time frame does the nurse understand constitutes "chronic pain"? 6 months 1 year 3 months 4 weeks

3 months

A client with diabetes punctured his foot with a broken acorn in the yard. Within a week, the client developed osteomyelitis of the foot. The client was admitted for IV antibiotic therapy. How long does the nurse anticipate the client will receive IV antibiotics? 3 months 3 to 6 weeks 6 months 7 to 10 days

3 to 6 weeks

A client with suspected osteomalacia has a fractured tibia and fibula. What test would give a definitive diagnosis of osteomalacia? Increased and decreased areas of bone metabolism Demineralization of the bone Elevated levels of alkaline phosphatase A bone biopsy

A bone biopsy

Which client would the nurse identify as having the greatest risk for osteoporosis? A small-framed, thin 45-year-old white woman A 40-year-old overweight African American woman A 20-year-old male athlete with repeated injuries A 16-year-old male with a history of asthma

A small-framed, thin 45-year-old white woman

A patient is diagnosed with osteogenic sarcoma. What laboratory studies should the nurse monitor for the presence of elevation? Potassium level Magnesium level Alkaline phosphatase Troponin levels

Alkaline phosphatase

What food can the nurse suggest to the client at risk for osteoporosis? Carrots Chicken Bananas Broccoli

Broccoli

Which medication directly inhibits osteoclasts, thereby reducing bone loss and increasing bone mass density (BMD)? Calcitonin Vitamin D Teriparatide Raloxifene

Calcitonin

A home care nurse assesses for disease complications in a client with bone cancer. Which laboratory value may indicate the presence of a disease complication? Magnesium level of 0.9 mg/dl Calcium level of 11.6 mg/dl Potassium level of 6.3 mEq/L Sodium level of 110 mEq/L

Calcium level of 11.6 mg/dl

When performing a physical assessment of a client, the client reports numbness, tingling, and pain when the nurse percusses lightly over the median nerve. The nurse recognizes that this finding is consistent with: Impingement syndrome Carpal tunnel syndrome Dupuytren's contracture Morton's neuroma

Carpal tunnel syndrome

Which group is at the greatest risk for osteoporosis? African American women Caucasian women Men Asian women

Caucasian women

When an infection is bloodborne, the manifestations include which symptom? Bradycardia Chills Hypothermia Hyperactivity

Chills

A patient shows the nurse a round, firm nodule on the wrist. The pain is described as aching, with some weakness of the fingers. What treatment does the nurse anticipate assisting with? (Select all that apply.) Corticosteroid injections Active range-of-motion exercises Educating the patient on the use of gabapentin Aspiration of the cyst Surgical excision

Corticosteroid injections Surgical excision Aspiration of the cyst

The client diagnosed with osteosarcoma is scheduled for a surgical amputation. Which nursing diagnosis would be a priority for this client compared with other surgical clients? Risk for infection Disturbed body image Inadequate nutrition Impaired physical mobility

Disturbed body image

Dupuytren contracture causes flexion of which area(s)? Ring finger Index and middle fingers Thumb Fourth and fifth fingers

Fourth and fifth fingers

Dupuytren contracture causes flexion of which area(s)? Fourth and fifth fingers Index and middle fingers Thumb Ring finger

Fourth and fifth fingers

In which deformity does the great toe deviate laterally? Hammertoe Pes cavus Plantar fasciitis Hallux valgus

Hallux valgus

The nurse notes that the client's left great toe deviates laterally. This finding would be recognized as Hallux valgus Pes cavus Hammertoe Flatfoot

Hallux valgus

During a routine physical examination of a client, the nurse observes a flexion deformity of the promixal interphalangeal (PIP) joint of two toes on the right foot. How would the nurse document this finding? Mallet toe Bunion Hallux valgus Hammer toe

Hammer toe

The provider asks a nurse to test a patient for Tinel's sign to diagnose carpal tunnel syndrome. The nurse asked the patient to: Make a fist and open his hand against resistance. Hold his palm up while the nurse percussed over the median nerve. Stretch his fingers around a ball and squeeze with force. Pronate his hand while the nurse palpated the radial nerve.

Hold his palm up while the nurse percussed over the median nerve.

Which of the following are common primary sites of tumors that metastasize to the bone? Select all that apply. Lung Prostate Kidney Breast Ovary

Lung Prostate Kidney Breast Ovary

What option for a hip replacement would benefit young active patients? Bilaterally cemented joint. Non-cemented joint. Partially cemented joint. Cemented joint.

Non-cemented joint.

The client presents to the emergency department with fever, chills, restlessness, and limited movement of a fractured jaw. The nurse interprets these findings as indicating which of the following complications? Avascular necrosis Osteomyelitis Fat embolism Compartment syndrome

Osteomyelitis

The nurse is caring for a client following foot surgery. Which nursing intervention is most important for the nurse to include in the nursing care plan? Perform neuromuscular assessment every hour. Examine surgical dressing every hour. Administer pain medication per client request. Monitor vital signs every 4 hours.

Perform neuromuscular assessment every hour.

Which of the following presents with an onset of heel pain with the first steps of the morning? Ganglion Hallux valgus Plantar fasciitis Morton's neuroma

Plantar fasciitis

The nurse recognizes that goal of treatment for metastatic bone cancer is to: Promote pain relief and quality of life Diagnose the extent of bone damage Reconstruct the bone with a prosthesis Cure the diseased bone and cartilage

Promote pain relief and quality of life

The nurse is educating the patient with low back pain about the proper way to lift objects. What muscle should the nurse encourage the patient to maximize? Quadriceps Gastrocnemius Latissimus dorsi Rectus abdominis

Quadriceps

Which term refers to a disease of a nerve root? Radiculopathy Contracture Sequestrum Involucrum

Radiculopathy

A client with osteoporosis is prescribed a selective estrogen receptor modifier (SERM) as treatment. The nurse would identify which drug as belonging to this class? Alendronate (Fosamax) Tamoxifen (Nolvadex) Raloxifene (Evista) Calcium gluconate

Raloxifene (Evista)

A client has Paget's disease. An appropriate nursing diagnosis for this client is: Risk for infection Risk for falls Fatigue Delayed wound healing

Risk for falls

A client is diagnosed with osteomyelitis. This is most commonly caused by which of the following? Staphylococcus aureus Proteus vulgaris Escherichia coli Psuedomonas aeruginosa

Staphylococcus aureus

A patient stepped on an acorn while walking barefoot in the backyard and developed an infection progressing to osteomyelitis. What microorganism does the nurse understand is most often the cause of the development of osteomyelitis? Pseudomonas Salmonella Proteus Staphylococcus aureus

Staphylococcus aureus

A client has been treated for migraine headaches for several months and comes to the clinic stating he is getting no better. The nurse is talking with the client and hears an audible click when the client is moving his jaw. What does the nurse suspect may be happening? Trigeminal neuralgia Dislocated jaw Loose teeth Temporomandibular disorder

Temporomandibular disorder

A nurse is caring for a client who's experiencing septic arthritis. This client has a history of immunosuppressive therapy and the immune system is currently depressed. Which assignment is the most appropriate for the nurse caring for this client? The nurse caring for this client is also caring for four other immunosuppressed clients on the medical floor. The nurse is caring for this client on the intensive care unit. The nurse caring for this client is also caring for two other immunosuppressed clients on the medical intensive care unit. The nurse caring for this client is also caring for four clients receiving chemotherapy for cancer treatment on the oncology floor.

The nurse is caring for this client on the intensive care unit.

A nurse is teaching a client about preventing osteoporosis. Which teaching point is correct? The recommended daily allowance of calcium may be found in a wide variety of foods. To prevent fractures, the client should avoid strenuous exercise. Obtaining an X-ray of the bones every 3 years is recommended to detect bone loss. Obtaining the recommended daily allowance of calcium requires taking a calcium supplement.

The recommended daily allowance of calcium may be found in a wide variety of foods.

A client with low back pain is being seen in the clinic. In planning care, which teaching point should the nurse include? Sleep on the stomach to alleviate pressure on the back. Avoid twisting and flexion activities. Use the large muscles of the leg when lifting items. A soft mattress is most supportive by conforming to the body.

Use the large muscles of the leg when lifting items.

A client with a musculoskeletal injury is instructed to alter the diet. The objective of altering the diet is to facilitate the absorption of calcium from food and supplements. Considering the food intake objective, which food item should the nurse encourage the client to include in the diet? Red meat Bananas Vitamin D-fortified milk Green vegetables

Vitamin D-fortified milk

A nurse is planning discharge teaching regarding exercise for a client at risk for osteoporosis. Which of the following exercises would be appropriate? Yoga Bicycling Walking Swimming

Walking

Which is not a risk factor for osteoporosis? being male being postmenopausal family history small-framed, thin White or Asian women

being male

A client has come to the clinic with foot pain. The physician has described the client's condition as a flexion deformity of the proximal interphalangeal joint. What is the name of this disorder? hallux valgus (bunion) hammer toe mallet toe Heberden's nodes

hammer toe

The nurse is educating a client with low back pain on proper lifting techniques. The nurse recognizes that the education was effective when the client uses a narrow base of support. bends at the hips and tightens the abdominal muscles. places the load close to the body. reaches over the head with the arms fully extended.

places the load close to the body.

A nurse is teaching a client who was recently diagnosed with carpal tunnel syndrome. Which statement should the nurse include? "Surgery is the only sure way to manage this condition." "This condition is associated with various sports." "Ergonomic changes can be incorporated into your workday to reduce stress on your wrist." "Using arm splints will prevent hyperflexion of the wrist."

"Ergonomic changes can be incorporated into your workday to reduce stress on your wrist."

The nurse is caring for a client with a hip fracture. The physician orders the client to start taking a bisphosphonate. Which medication would the nurse document as given? Teriparatide Raloxifene Alendronate Denosumab

Alendronate

The nurse is preparing a client for a surgical procedure that will allow visualization of the extent of joint damage of the knee for a client with rheumatoid arthritis and also obtain a sample of synovial fluid. What procedure will the nurse prepare the client for? Arthroplasty Open reduction Arthroscopy Needle aspiration

Arthroscopy

What clinical manifestation would the nurse expect to find in a client who has had osteoporosis for several years? Increased heel pain Diarrhea Decreased height Bone spurs

Decreased height

A female client is at risk for developing osteoporosis. Which action will reduce the client's risk? Initiating weight-bearing exercise routines Stopping estrogen therapy Living a sedentary lifestyle to reduce the incidence of injury Taking a 300-mg calcium supplement to meet dietary guidelines

Initiating weight-bearing exercise routines

A client visits an orthopedic specialist because of pain beginning in the low back and radiating behind the right thigh and down below the right knee. The doctor suspects a diagnosis of sciatica. The nurse knows that the origin of the pain is between which intervertebral disks? L2, L3, and L5 L1, L2, and L4 C3, C4, and L1 L4, L5, and S1

L4, L5, and S1

Which assessment findings would the nurse expect in a client diagnosed with osteomyelitis? Petechiae over the chest and abnormal ABGs Thrombocytopenia and ecchymosis Leukocytosis and localized bone pain Pruritus and uremic frost

Leukocytosis and localized bone pain

Which area of the spinal column is subject to the greatest mechanical stress and degenerative changes? Thoracic Cervical Lower lumbar Upper lumbar

Lower lumbar

A client with Paget's disease comes to the hospital and reports difficulty urinating. The emergency department health care provider consults urology. What should the nurse suspect is the most likely cause of the client's urination problem? Renal calculi Urinary tract infection (UTI) Dehydration Benign prostatic hyperplasia

Renal calculi

A client with chronic osteomyelitis has undergone 6 weeks of antibiotic therapy. The wound appearance has not improved. What action would the nurse anticipate to promote healing? Surgical debridement Vitamin supplements Wound irrigation Wound packing

Surgical debridement

Morton neuroma is exhibited by which clinical manifestation? Diminishment of the longitudinal arch of the foot Swelling of the third (lateral) branch of the median plantar nerve High arm and a fixed equinus deformity Inflammation of the foot-supporting fascia

Swelling of the third (lateral) branch of the median plantar nerve

Which of the following are routes of administration for Calcitonin? Select all that apply. Oral Intramuscular injection Nasal spray Subcutaneous Intravenous

Intramuscular injection Nasal spray Subcutaneous

A patient is having low back pain. What position can the nurse suggest to relieve this discomfort? Prone, with a pillow under the shoulders Supine, with the bed flat and a firm mattress in place High-Fowler's to allow for maximum hip flexion Supine, with the knees slightly flexed and the head of the bed elevated 30 degrees

Supine, with the knees slightly flexed and the head of the bed elevated 30 degrees

Which assessment findings would the nurse expect in the client with osteomalacia? Column A Column B Column C Column D

Column B