Orthopedics 4

EMG

electromyogram

NSAID

nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug

ROM

range of motion

chondroplasty

reconstruction of cartilage

arthroplasty

reconstruction of joint

tendoplasty

reconstruction of tendon

tenoplasty

reconstruction of tendon

electromyogram

record of electrical activity of muscle

tardive dyskinesia

slow bad movement, loss of muscle control

bradykinesia

slow movement

myoclonus

violent muscle contraction

arthrogram

visual record of joint

oste/o

bone

chondroma

cartilage tumor

crepitation

crackling joint sound

exostosis

abnormal bone growth out of bone

osteosclerosis

abnormal bone hardening

arthrodysplasia

abnormal joint development

chondromalacia

abnormal softening of cartilage

spinal stenosis

abnormal spine narrowing

tars/o

ankle

tarsectomy

ankle removal

ACL

anterior cruciate ligament

brachi/o

arm

tax/o

arrangement, order

dyskinesia

bad movement, uncontrolled

fasciodesis

binding of fascia

myodesis

binding of muscle

hemarthrosis

blood in a joint

osteochondroma

bone and cartilage tumor

fracture

bone break

osteocarcinoma

bone cancer tumor

osteonecrosis

bone death

osteopathy

bone disease

osteitis

bone inflammation

osteolysis

bone loss

osteopenia

bone loss

ostalgia

bone pain

osteodynia

bone pain

osteoplasty

bone reconstruction

diaphysis

bone shaft

osteomalacia

bone softening

axial part

bones in middle of skeleton

genu varaum

bowlegged

osteogenesis imperfecta

brittle bone disease

burs/o

bursa, sac of fluid by joints

myosarcoma

cancerous muscle tumor

osteosarcoma

cancerous tumor from bone cells

chondr/o

cartilage (surrounds bones at joints)

C1-C7

cervical vertebrae of neck

scoliosis

crooked back

hypokinesia

decrease in movement

hypotonia

decrease in muscle tone

DTR

deep tendon reflex

achondroplasia

defect in formation of cartilage

prosthesis

device added to body to replace missing part

orthotics

device to stabilize/strengthen body part

bursopathy

disease of bursa

spondylolisthesis

dislocation of vertebra

muscular dystrophy

disorder w poor muscle development

antipyretic

drug opposes fever

anti-inflammatory

drug opposes inflammation

antiarthritic

drug opposes joint inflammation

analgesic

drug to reduce pain

epiphysis

end of bone

fasci/o

fascia (fibrous connective tissue binding muscles)

fascioplasty

fascia reconstruction

femor/o

femur (thighbone)

dactyl/o

finger

dactylitis

finger inflammation

internal fixation

fixation of fractured bone from inside

external fixation

fixation of fractured bone from outside

tarsoptosis

flat feet

effusion

fluid build up

metatarsalgia

foot bone pain

Fx

fracture

osteoporosis

frail weak bones

tenolysis

freeing/loosening a tendon

FROM

full range of motion

syndactyly

fusion of digits

spondylosyndesis

fusion of multiple vertebrae

-physis

growth

epiphyseal plate

growth plate

metaphysis

growth zone

arthrosclerosis

hardening of joints

myosclerosis

hardening of muscle

polydactyly

having extra fingers or toes

crani/o

head, skull

myocele

hernia of muscle

Hx

history

ligaments

hold bone to bone

kyphosis

humped back

computed axial tomography (CAT/CT)

imaging w computer to get cross sections on an axis

osteotomy

incision into bone

bursotomy

incision into bursa

fasciotomy

incision into fascia

arthrotomy

incision into joint

myotomy

incision into muscle

sternotomy

incision into sternum

tenotomy

incision into tendon

hypertonia

increased muscle tone

osteomyelitis

inflammation of bone and bone marrow

osteochondritis

inflammation of bone and cartilage

osteoarthritis

inflammation of bone and joint

bursitis

inflammation of bursa

fasciitis

inflammation of fascia

necrotizing fasciitis

inflammation of fascia kills tissue

polymyositis

inflammation of multiple muscles

myofasciitis

inflammation of muscle and fascia

costochondritis

inflammation of rib cartilage

arthroscope

instrument for looking into joint

arthr/o

joint

flexion

joint bends

arthropathy

joint disease

spondyloarthropathy

joint disease of vertebrae

arthrocele

joint hernia

arhtritis

joint inflammation

septic arthritis

joint inflammation by infection

rheumatoid arthritis

joint inflammation resembling rheumatic fever

adduction

joint narrows (move to body)

arthralgia

joint pain

arthrodynia

joint pain

ankylosis

joint stiffness

extension

joint straightens

genu valgum

knock kneed

LCL

lateral collateral ligament

lumb/o

loin, lower back

arthrolysis

loosening stiff joint

spondylolysis

loss of vertebra structure

L1-L5

lumbar vertebrae of loin

MCL

medial collateral ligament

cervic/o

neck

cervicodynia

neck pain

kinesi/o, kinet/o

movement, motion

muscul/o, my/o, myos/o

muscle

myopathy

muscle disease

myositis

muscle inflammation

myolysis

muscle loss

myalgia

muscle pain

myodynia

muscle pain

myoplasty

muscle reconstruction

myospasm

muscle spasm

myorrhapy

muscle suture

myotonia

muscle tone

myoma

muscle tumor

myasthenia

muscle weakness

ORIF

open reduction internal fixation

OA

osteoarthritis

hyperkinesia

over movement

hypertrophy

overdevelopment of muscle

hypertrophic spondylitis

overdevelopment of vertebrae causing inflammation

subluxation

partial dislocation of joint

PT

physical therapy

osteodystrophy

poor bone development

dystaxia

poor coordination

chondro-osteodystrophy

poor development of bones and cartilage

dystonina

poor muscle tone

PCL

posterior cruciate ligament

craniosynostosis

premature fusing of skull bones

electromyography

procedure for measuring electrical activity of muscle

myography

procedure for studying muscles

arthroscopy

procedure of looking into a joint

arthrography

procedure to examine joint

arthrocentesis

puncture of joint

pyarthrosis

pus in joint

ostectomy, osteectomy

removal of bone

bursectomy

removal of bursa

chondrectomy

removal of cartilage

fasciectomy

removal of fascia

metacarpectomy

removal of hand bone

arthrectomy

removal of joint

myectomy

removal of muscle

myomectomy

removal of muscle tumor

craniectomy

removal of part of skull

tendectromy

removal of tendon

tenonectomy

removal of tendon

RICE

rest ice compression elevation

open reduction

return bones to proper place with surgery

closed reduction

return bones to proper place without surgery

RA

rheumatoid arthritis

cost/o

rib

costalgia

rib pain

costectomy

rib removal

S1-S5

sacral vertebrae

myomalacia

softening of muscle

craniomalacia

softening of skull

ankyl/o

stiff, bent

ankylosing spondylitis

stiffening inflammation of vertebrae

bursolith

stone in bursa

myotasis

stretching of muscle

osteoclasia

surgical breaking of bone

arthrodesis

surgical fixation of joint

tarsoclasia

surgical fracture of ankle

tenorrhapy

suture of tendon

fasciorrhapy

suturing of fascia

lordosis

sway back of spine

craniotomy

temporary removal of part of skull

tenodesis

tendon binding

tendinitis, tendonitis

tendon inflammation

tenalgia

tendon pain

ten/o, tend/o, tendin/o

tendon, hold muscle to bone

arthroclasia

therapeutic breaking of joint for mobility

T1-T12

thoracic vertebrae of chest

tibi/o

tibia (shinbone)

tibialgia

tibia pain

ton/o

tone, tension

Tx

traction, treatment

atrophy

underdevelopment, decrease, muscle loss

spondylosis

vertebra condition

spondylitis

vertebra inflammation

spondylodynia

vertebra pain

spondyl/o

vertebrae

hydrarthrosis

water in joint

WB

weight bearing

WBAT

weight bearing as tolerated

abduction

widening joint (move from body)

carp/o

wrist

carpitis

wrist inflammation

carpectomy

wrist removal

graphospasm

writers cramp