patho chapter 43 prep u

The nurse is caring for a client diagnosed with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The nurse teaches the client about what medications commonly used to treat BPH and its complications? Select all that apply.

-5-alpha-reductase inhibitors (e.g., finasteride) -phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors (e.g., tadalafil) -αlpha-1 adrenergic antagonists (e.g., tamsulosin)

A client presents with priapism. The nurse interviews the client about which potential risk factors? Select all that apply.

-History of erectile dysfunction -Recent intake of alcohol -Hematologic disorders

Which chronic health issues increase a man's risk for developing erectile dysfunction? Select all that apply.

-Hypertension -Hyperlipidemia -Diabetes mellitus

When assessing the client with chronic inflammatory bacterial prostatitis, the nurse recognizes which findings are typically present? Select all that apply.

-Painful urination -Frequency of urination -Low back pain -Bacteriuria

The nurse is teaching clients with diabetes about the increased risk for erectile dysfunction (ED). What factors related to diabetes does the nurse link to increased risk for ED? Select all that apply.

-Peripheral artery disease -Peripheral neuropathy

Which client is at greatest risk for the impairment of spermatogenesis?

A 15-year-old male who is diagnosed with mumps orchitis

An adolescent male comes to the urgent care clinic. Upon assessment, the following is noted: history of circumcision, erythema of the glans, and prepuce with a malodorous discharge. Based on symptoms, the probable diagnosis would be:

Acute superficial balanoposthitis

When caring for the client with acute bacterial prostatitis, the nurse plans for which intervention?

Antibiotics

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostatic adenocarcinomas present differently. The nurse is aware of which difference?

BPH is commonly located in the periurethral zone of the prostate, while prostate cancers are commonly located in the peripheral zones of the prostate.

What is the most common cause of recurrent urinary tract infections in males?

Chronic bacterial prostatitis

The gerontology nurse recognizes that aging male clients may enter a stage referred to as andropause. Which of these does the nurse recognize as characteristic of this stage?

Decline in sexual function

A client asks the nurse what can cause, or contributes to the development of, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The best response would be:

Dihydrotestosterone (DHT) proliferates the growth of prostatic stromal cells, leading to a reduction in the death of the epithelial cells.

The nurse is caring for a client with cancer of the scrotum. When performing a health history, which of these does the nurse explore as a risk for this type of malignancy?

Exposure to tar and soot

A client comes to the clinic and informs the nurse that he was playing soccer and was kicked in the scrotal area on the right side. The nurse observes that the scrotal skin on the right side is dark red. What should the nurse suspect this client may have?

Hematocele

Select the factor that would increase a male's risk for the development of testicular cancer.

History of cryptorchidism

Which chronic health issues increase a man's risk for developing erectile dysfunction? Select all that apply.

Hypertension Hyperlipidemia Diabetes mellitus

The nurse is performing a newborn assessment on a 2-day-old male infant. Assessment reveals the presence of the urethral opening on the ventral side of the penis. The nurse would document this finding as being:

Hypospadias

A client calls the clinic and informs the nurse that he has sustained an erection for 3 hours and that it is extremely painful. The client has a history of sickle cell disease and this has not happened to him in the past. Which instruction should the nurse give to the client?

If the client does not seek medical attention, impotence may result.

An adult male has been diagnosed with mumps orchitis. The nurse should educate the client regarding which complication associated with mumps orchitis?

Impaired spermatogenesis

A client has developed priapism. For which outcome is this client at risk?

Impotence

If not treated urgently, testicular torsion can result in which complication?

Loss of testicular perfusion

The nurse on the urology unit teaches the nursing student that which test assists in detecting a recurrence of prostate cancer after prostatectomy?

PSA level

A client is concerned about having mumps orchitis and asks the nurse about the symptoms. What is the nurse's best response?

Painful enlargement of the testes with fever 3 days after infection

In hypospadias, the treatment of choice is surgery to repair the defect. What influences the timing of the surgical repair? Select all that apply.

Penile size Psychological effects on the child Anesthetic risk

A 75-year-old man presents at the clinic complaining of pain during intercourse and an upward bowing of his penis during erection. The client's history mentions an inflammation of the penis that was treated 3 months ago. The physician's physical examination of the client notes beads of scar tissue along the dorsal midline of the penile shaft. What would be the suspected diagnosis of this client?

Peyronie disease

A client complains of acute retention of urine, frequency of urination, and a constant desire to empty the bladder, especially at night. The nurse expects that which diagnostic test will be completed to determine degree of urinary obstruction?

Postvoiding catheterization

A client in the urology clinic asks the nurse how the doctor will determine if his prostate lesion is due to benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) or prostate cancer. Which response should the nurse convey?

Presence of cancers are determined through a biopsy.

A 52-year-old male diagnosed with erectile dysfunction (ED) asks the nurse what will be implemented as a first option for treatment. The best response would be:

Psychosexual counseling and PDE-5 inhibitor medications

The nurse is assessing a client with suspected acute bacterial prostatitis. Which aspects of the client's clinical history should the nurse inquire about related to the client's risk factors for this condition? Select all that apply.

Recent biopsy of the prostate Current immunosuppressive therapy Having a diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia

The nurse is caring for a client with acute superficial balanoposthitis. The nurse assesses for which of these signs or symptoms consistent with the diagnosis?

Redness of the glans penis and malodorous discharge

The nurse is caring for a client with significant benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and hydronephrosis who is fearful of having corrective surgery. Which information is important for the nurse to convey?

The obstruction is causing urine to flow backward and cause kidney dysfunction.

Which factor places a male client at risk for balanitis?

Uncircumcised penis

A client asks, "What caused my acute prostatitis?" Which response by the nurse explains the mostcommon cause of acute prostatitis?

Urethral infection with Escherichia coli

As men age, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) becomes common. Which symptom is usually notassociated with obstructive symptoms of BPH?

Urge incontinence

Which complication is associated with prostatic hyperplasia?

Urine retention

A client is suspected to have small varicoceles in his left scrotum. Which assessment technique may help accentuate small varicosities?

Valsalva maneuver

A client is admitted with a prolonged and painful erection that has lasted longer than 4 hours. The nurse knows that this is a true urologic emergency, and that the cause is:

impaired blood flow in the corpora cavernosa of the penis.

The nurse in the urology unit is teaching about medication to treat erectile dysfunction. The mechanism of action of most of these medications is that the medication:

promotes increase in blood flow to the corpora cavernosa.

A client complains of not being able to experience satisfactory sexual intercourse. The nurse knows that erectile dysfunction is now recognized as a marker for:

Cardiovascular disease

A male client reports frequent urination, difficulty starting to urinate, and dribbling after he has finished urinating. Which diagnosis correlates with this client's manifestations?

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)

The nurse in the urology office recognizes screening men at risk for prostate cancer includes which diagnostic measures?

Blood level of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and digital rectal exam

Epididymitis can be sexually transmitted, or it can be caused by a variety of other reasons, including abnormalities in the genitourinary tract. What are the most common causes of epididymitis in young men without underlying genitourinary disease?

Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae

An overweight 50-year-old client presents with reports of erectile dysfunction (ED). What aspect of the client's health should the nurse prioritize as most important to assess?

Cardiovascular

A client arrives in the emergency department complaining of severe pain in the left testicular area with nausea and vomiting for 2 hours. The left testicle is large and tender to palpation and radiating to the inguinal area. Which of the following reflexes can the nurse assess the absence of in order to indicate testicular torsion?

Cremasteric reflex

Which disorder of the male genitourinary system creates the most urgent need for prompt and aggressive surgical treatment?

Intravaginal testicular torsion

After seeking care due to recent history of testicular enlargement and scrotal pain, a 22-year-old college student has been diagnosed with testicular cancer. Which statement by the client indicates the need for further teaching?

"I can't shake this feeling like I've received a death sentence."

An adult male reports painful urination, rectal pain, fever/chills, general malaise and myalgia. Vital signs are: temperature, 101.7°F (38.7°C); blood pressure, 105/74 mm Hg; pulse, 98 bpm; respiration, 22 breaths/min. What condition should the health care provider suspect?

Acute bacterial prostatitis

The nurse is reinforcing information given to the client who is asking about screening for prostrate cancer. Which of these will be nurse teach the client about the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test?

An elevated score on a PSA test does not necessarily indicate the presence of cancer.

Which client is at highest risk for developing acute bacterial prostatitis?

An older adult male diagnosed with frequent urinary tract infections testing positive for Gram-negative rods

The pediactric nurse is teaching the mother of a newborn with hypospadias about this disorder. Which of these does the nurse convey?

The opening of the urethra is found on the underside of the penis.