patho/pharm preload virus afterload quiz

___________ is the amount of blood pumped by the left ventricle with each beat. a. Cardiac output b. Preload c. Afterload d. Stroke volume

d. Stroke volume

What conditions below can result in an increased cardiac afterload? Select all that apply: a. Aortic stenosis b. Vasoconstriction c. Pulmonary Hypertension d. Dehydration e. Vasodilation

a. Aortic stenosis b. Vasoconstriction c. Pulmonary Hypertension

Stroke volume plays an important part in cardiac output. Select all the factors below that influence stroke volume: a. Contractility b. Preload c. Heart rate d. Blood pressure e. Afterload

a. Contractility b. Preload e. Afterload

What two factors are used to calculate cardiac output? Select all that apply: a. Heart rate b. Blood pressure c. Stoke volume d. Mean arterial pressure

a. Heart rate c.Stoke volume

Which statement below best describes the term cardiac preload? a. The amount the ventricles stretch at the end of diastole b. The pressure the ventricles stretch at the end of systole. c. The strength of the myocardial cells to shorten with each beat d. The pressure the ventricles must work against to pump blood out of the heart.

a. The amount the ventricles stretch at the end of diastole

True or False: Pulmonary and systemic vascular resistance both play a role with influencing cardiac afterload. a. True b. False

a. True

A patient with hypovolemic shock is given IV fluids. IV fluids will help _________ cardiac output by: a. increase, increasing preload b. decrease, increasing contractility c. decrease; decreasing preload d. increase, decreasing afterload

a. increase, increasing preload

Which treatments below would decrease cardiac preload? Select all that apply: a. Norepinephrine b. furosemide (Lasix) c. IV fluid bolus d. Nitroglycerin

b. furosemide (Lasix) d. Nitroglycerin

A patient has a blood pressure of 220/140. The physician prescribes a vasodilator. This medication will? a. Decrease the patient's blood pressure and increase cardiac afterload b. Increase the patient's blood pressure but decrease cardiac output. c. Decrease the patient's blood pressure and decrease cardiac afterload d. Decrease the patient's blood pressure and increase cardiac preload

c. Decrease the patient's blood pressure and decrease cardiac afterload

Select the statement below that best describes cardiac afterload: a. It's the volume amount that fills the ventricles at the end of diastole. b. It's the amount of blood the left ventricle pumps per beat. c. It's the volume the ventricles must work against to pump blood out of the body. d. It's the resistance the ventricles must work against so blood can be pumped out of the heart.

d. It's the resistance the ventricles must work against so blood can be pumped out of the heart.