Pathophys Assignment 8

A patient is experiencing a high fever, stiff neck, drowsiness, and intense headaches. A spinal tap showed bacteria and white blood cells in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). This individual most likely has what condition?

Meningitis

After a stroke, a patient complains about lack of sensitivity in her right hand. The stroke most likely affected which part of the brain?

Postcentral gyrus in the left parietal lobe

Autism is generally evident before age three and is manifest when the child engages in ____________________________, resists environmental change, and displays unusual responses to sensory experiences.

Repetitive activities and stereotyped movements

Degeneration of the neurons in which of the following structures leads to the muscle tremors associated with Parkinson disease?

Substantia nigra

_________________ is an enzyme that catalyzes the formation of a particular damaging amyloid β-peptide that is implicated in inherited forms of early-onset Alzheimer's disease.

Y-secretase

An absence seizure is characterized by:

a blank stare and transient unresponsiveness

___________________ seizures, formerly known as petit mal, cause the student to lose consciousness but only for a brief period of time, a few seconds to a half-minute or so.

absence

Chorea is most likely to result from

damage to the caudate nucleus.

Impaired motor coordination in Parkinson's disease is often due to

degeneration of the substantia nigra

__________________ is a condition characterized by seizures, which are temporary neurobiological abnormalities that result from unregulated electrical charges in the brain.

epilepsy

The nigrostriatal dopamine system is located in part of the midbrain known as the substantia nigra and is degenerated in the disease myasthenia gravis.

false

In order for a thrombolytic to be effective, the patient must have suffered a(n) _______________ stroke.

ischemic

Alzheimer's disease is thought to involve primarily:

loss of cholinergic neurons.

The triad of social impairment for individuals with autism spectrum disorder includes all of the following EXCEPT

mobility difficulties

The disease ______________ is characterized by destruction of CNS myelin sheaths and the formation of hardened scars.

multiple sclerosis.

A deficiency of which two brain transmitters can precipitate a depressed mood?

norepinephrine and serotonin

Addictive drugs, as well as nicotine, activate dopamine release in the

nucleus accumbens.

The majority of seizures can be classified into two types: seizures with primarily altered consciousness and _______________ seizures.

partial

______________________ seizures, once known as grand mal, cause the student to lose consciousness and often fall to the ground and have sudden, involuntary contractions of groups of muscles.

tonic clonic

Parkinson's disease is associated with the loss of dopaminergic neurons.

true