PBIO Exam 4

True or False? Coffee producers (farmers) were the ones to come up with the Fair Trade label.

False

True or False? Diversity of trees is higher in temperate rainforests than in tropical rainforests because of the seasonal changes.

False

True or False? Foods with an organic label must be grown organically but additives that are non-organic can still be added after harvesting.

False

True or False? Herbal supplements are safe because they are natural.

False

True or False? Some conservation efforts to protect plant species from extinction have been successful.

False

True or False? The Fair Trade label is reserved for coffee and no other products may use it.

False

Which of the following was a result of the study by the Outdoor Recreation Resources Review Commission?

Legislation was passed

The first Thanksgiving meal in Plymouth, Massachusetts probably consisted mostly of

Meat

potato, cassava are:

tubers

Which of the following is a product of the Boreal forest?

Lumber

Which of the following is a polar grassland that has a layer of permafrost?

Tundra

According to your reading, how many plant species are currently threatened with extinction?

1/3

Approximately how many plant species have been identified as food resources of different Native American groups?

1500

What percentage of surface area in a city is rooftop?

20-25%

Green roofs can help reduce greenhouse gas emissions by

All

How do plants on a rooftop reduce heat?

All

In the early 1960's legislation was passed to

All

Which of the following describes an alien species?

All

Which of the following is an invasive plant species in Ohio?

All

Which of the following is true of rhizomes?

All

Which of the following might serve as evidence of ancient farming practices?

All

Which of the following would contribute to the protection of seagrass communities?

All of these

Which of the following plants has been a historically important crop plant because it contains the essential amino acid, lysine?

Amaranth

Which of these is the pest accidentally introduced to the US though shipments on wooden pallets threatening many of our hardwood trees?

Asian

Which of the following is the world's largest herbaceous plant?

Banana

Seagrasses have economic importance in what industry?

Commercial fisheries

How are bacteria used in genetic engineering of crop plants?

DNA invades the plant cell

What disease afflicts the River Pima and may be a result of giving up traditional foods?

Diabetes

Which of the following organizations regulates pesticides and GM crops that express pesticides (Bt corn)?

EPA

Which of the following is NOT among the core principles of Fair Trade standards?

Eliminating trade restrictions

Which of the following plant contains compounds that were banned by the FDA in dietary supplements?

Ephedra

In which of the following models are growers and laborers experiencing the greatest benefit?

Fair Trade

Which of the following best describes seagrasses?

Flowering plants

Which of the following has been used as a rubber substitute for latex gloves and other products?

Guayule latex

Bt corn is resistant to

Insects

Which of the following statements is true of the Endangered Species Act?

It prohibits actions that threaten...

Which of the following is called the "botanical whale" because the seed oil was a good alternative to the oils from the endangered sperm whale?

Jojoba

Which of the following is used for carpet pads and mats but could also replace trees as a source of pulp for paper?

Kenaf

Where did the Adena cultures live?

Ohio

The International Coffee Agreement brings together

Producing and consuming countries

Which of the following is a benefit of green roofs?

Protects from UV radiation

Which of the following is an example of in situ conservation?

Reintroducing threatened plant

When boats scrape the bottom of shallow waters, populations of seagrass are harmed. Damage to which plant structures makes them most vulnerable?

Roots and rhizomes

When boats scrape the bottom of shallow waters, populations of seagrasses are harmed. Which plant structures are most vulnerable?

Roots and rhizomes

One plant commonly used in extensive green roofs is

Sedum

The earliest domesticated crop from the Near East (Fertile Crescent) is thought to be

Sunflowers

True or False? A study on outdoor play showed that children today are more interested in playing outside in nature than watching tv.

True

True or False? Gains in confidence and self-esteem can be achieved by spending time in nature.

True

True or False? Herbs processed and marketed as dietary supplements must demonstrate to the FDA that they are safe and effective.

True

True or False? There are regulations to control the sale and purchase of plant products.

True

Organic food production is regulated by

USDA

Name the governmental organizations involved in food safety and agricultural production, indicating at least one role for each of them

USDA, EPA, FDA

Plants adapted to very dry conditions are called

Xerophytes

Which of the following practices is protecting the rainforest and helping the local communities?

agroforestry systems

Common chokecherry has been used by many Native American tribes to make

all

Horticulture therapy has been shown to

all

In the early 1960's legislation was passed to

all

Which of these are contributing to rainforest destruction?

all

Which of the following best explains why domesticated crops are different from their wild relatives?

artificial selection

Term for: Variability in living organisms

biodiversity

Areas with high concentrations of species that are native only to that area (endemic) but where much of the habitat for those species has been lost are called...

biodiversity hotspots

tulip, snowdrop, garlic are:

bulbs

One criticism of Fair Trade labeling is that

businesses are not truly committed

Photosynthesis has an impact on the climate by:

converting CO2 into carbohydrates

Ecosystem service: If people enjoy the woods

cultural

Term for: Communities of plants, animals and microorganisms interacting within the non-living environment

ecosystem

What term is used to describe the movement of water in a plant from the roots through the plant and out of the leaves?

evaporation

Which of the following is the best definition for GMO?

genetic material has been altered

The purpose of cola in soft drinks is for

flavoring and caffeine

Which ancient plant has been used to make linen and linseed oils?

flax

One complication with producing genetically engineered wheat is that it...

foreign countries won't buy them

Cereals are grains from the

grass family

Which of the following governmental bodies is NOT involved in ensuring safe food and agricultural practices

health and education

The use of plants and gardening activities to improve health in rehabilitative settings or nursing homes is called:

horticulture therapy

Being deprived of outdoor experiences and contact with wild organisms has been called...

nature deficit disorder

Which of the following describes the labeling of foods with genetically modified organisms?

not substantially different

According to the authors of the review on opportunities children have to play in natural settings, which of the following would best support a child's healthy development?

physical abilities

Which of the following is used to make ropes, papers, baskets and cloth?

plant fiber

Which of the following describes a green roof?

plants on a rooftop

Essential plants in a therapeutic garden would include all EXCEPT

poisonous plants

One concern about the cut flower industry in tropical countries, such as Kenya is

pollution of lakes

Which of the following explains why plants produce resin?

prevent insect herbivory

Which of the following explains why firewood should be purchased from local sources and not moved to other areas for burning?

prevent the spread of pests

Chlorophyll helps support human health by:

preventing cancer

Ecosystem service: Ecosystems may provide water directly as in ponds, lakes, streams

provisioning

Melting permafrost in the tundra...

puts a stable foundation at risk

Ecosystem service: water purification, climate regulation, moderating extreme events, erosion prevention from plants

regulatory

Ginger, bamboo, irises are:

rhizomes

Which of the following illustrates a benefit of having many green roofs in a city?

runoff into sewer systems

Why are some seagrasses considered indicator species?

sensitive to changes in water quality

What is the meaning of the term, deciduous?

shed leaves

Chicle is the name of a latex that was first brought to the US for what purpose?

substitute for latex

Ecosystem service: plants contribute to the water cycle

supporting

Which of the following statements is NOT true of organic food production?

synthetic materials such as pesticides

From which of the following tropical plants is the endosperm used to make jewelry, buttons and carvings?

tagua palm

An organism that contains a foreign gene introduced by humans is called...

transgenic

Which biome has the greatest diversity of trees?

tropical rainforest