PDSS STUDY ME
A RN is providing teaching to the parents of a 4 yr old child about fine motor development. Which of the following tasks should the nurse include in the teaching as an expected finding for this age group? A. Copies a circle B. Cuts foods using a table knife C. Begins writing in cursive D. Prints first and last name clearly
Copies a circle The nurse should explain that copying a circle is a skill achieved by the age of 4 years.
A nurse is caring for a 2 year old who has cystic fibrosis. The nurse is planning to take the child to the playroom. Which of the following activities would be appropriate for the child? A. Cutting figures from colored paper B. Drawing stick figures using crayons C. Riding a tricycle D. Building towers of blocks
D. Building towers of blocks Building towers of blocks is an appropriate activity for a 2-year-old child. It promotes fine-motor development, and knocking blocks down provides a means of dealing with the stress of hospitalization.
A nurse is planning care for a 10 month old infant who has suspected failure to thrive. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? A. Observe the parents' actions when feeding the child. B. Maintain a detailed record of food and fluid intake. C. Follow the child's cues as to when food and fluids are provided. D. Sit beside the child's high chair when feeding the child. E. Play music videos during scheduled meal times.
A. Observe the parents' actions when feeding the child. B. Maintain a detailed record of food and fluid intake.
A topic dermatitis which of the following statements by a guardian indicates that the discharge teaching was effective? A. We should apply a skin emollient immediately after bathing our child B. we should keep our child's fingernails trimmed and short C. we should rub the source vigorously to remove scabs D. We should allow our child to take a bubble bath prior to bed E. We should use a mild detergent for our laundry F. we should apply a large amount of the ointment to the sores
A. We should apply a skin emollient immediately after bathing our child B. we should keep our child's fingernails trimmed and short E. We should use a mild detergent for our laundry
A nurse is teaching the parent of an infant about home safety. Which of the following information should the nurse include? A. Use a wheeled infant walker. B. Place soft pillows around the edge of the infant's crib. C. Position the car seat so it is rear-facing. D. Secure a safety gate at the top and bottom of the stairs. E. Maintain the water heater temperature at 49° C (120° F).
C. Position the car seat so it is rear-facing. D. Secure a safety gate at the top and bottom of the stairs. E. Maintain the water heater temperature at 49° C (120° F).
A nurse is assessing a 6 year old child at a well child visit. Which of the following findings requires further assessment by the nurse? A. Presence of sparse, fine pubic hair B. Decreased head circumference compared to full height C. Increased leg length related to height D. Presence of a loose, central incisor
Presence of sparse, fine pubic hair The development of sexual characteristics prior to the age of 9 years in boys, and 8 years in girls, is an indication of precocious puberty and requires further evaluation.
A nurse is caring for an adolescent who is receiving pain meds via a pca pump. When the nurse assesses the clients pain at 800, the client describes the pain as a 3 on a scale of 1 to 10. At 1000 the client describes the pain as a 5. The nurse discovers the client has not pushed the button to deliver medication in the past 2 hr. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. ask the provider to discontinue the PCA so the nurse can administer PRN pain meds B. Suggest the clients parent push the button for the client if the parent thinks the adolescent is having pain C. Reevaluate the client in 1 hr since a pain level of 5 is acceptable on a scaled of 1-10 D. Reinforce teaching with the client about how to push the button to deliver medication
Reinforce teaching with the client about how to push the button to deliver the medication The appropriate action at this time is to reinforce client teaching about the PCA. The nurse should remind the client about the availability of the medication, verify that the client knows how to use the equipment, and emphasize the importance of using it regularly to manage pain effectively.
A nurse is assessing a 3 year old child who is 1 day postop following a tonsillectomy. Which of the following methods should the nurse use to determine if the child is experiencing pain? A. Ask the parents B. Use the FACES scale C. Use the numeric rating scale D. Check the childs temperature
Use the FACES scale
A nurse is caring for a school aid child to his receiving cefazolin via intermittent IV bolus. The child suddenly develops diffuse flushing of the skin and angioedema. After discontinuing the medication infusion which of the following medication should the nurse administer first? A. Prednisone B. Epinephrine C. Diphenhydramine D. Albuterol
epinephrine This child is most likely experiencing an anaphylactic reaction to the cefazolin. According to evidence-based practice, the nurse should first administer epinephrine to treat the anaphylaxis. Epinephrine is a beta-adrenergic agonist that stimulates the heart, causes vasoconstriction of blood vessels in the skin and mucous membranes, and triggers bronchodilation in the lungs.
A nurse is developing a plan of care for a school-age child who underwent a surgical procedure that resulted in a temporary loss of vision. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? A. Assign an assistive personnel to feed the child. B. Explain sounds the child is hearing. C. Have the child use a cane when ambulating. D. Rotate nurses caring for the child.
explain sounds the child is hearing The noises in a facility can be frightening to a child who is experiencing a sensory loss. It is important to explain these noises to allay the child's fears.
A nurse on a pediatric unit is reviewing the health record of a child who is demonstrating increasing levels of stress after admission. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as a risk factor for a stress-related reaction to hospitalization? A. Age 10 B. Frequent hospitalizations C. Parent bonding with child D. Calm, quiet demeanor
frequent hospitalizations Children who experience multiple and frequent hospitalizations are at an increased risk for stress-related reactions to hospitalization.
A nurse on a pediatric unit is admitting a 4 year old child. Which of the following toys should the nurse plan to provide for the child to engage in independent play? A. Brightly colored mobile B. Plastic stethoscope C. Small piece jigsaw puzzle D. A book of short stories
plastic stethoscope Preschool play centers on imitative activities. Providing a stethoscope allows the child an opportunity for therapeutic play. Imitating health care personnel helps to ease the fear of unfamiliar equipment.
A nurse is planning care for a child who has hyperthermia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. administer antipyretics to the child every 4-6 hrs B. Position the child on a cooling blanket and cover with a sheet C. Place the child in a tub with cooled to 26.7 to 29.4 (80-85) D. Assess the childs temperature every 2 hours during the cooling process
position the child on a cooling blanket and cover her with a sheet
A nurse is teaching the parent of a toddler about home safety. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching? A. "I lock my medications in the medicine cabinet." B. "I keep my child's crib mattress at the highest level." C. "I turn pot handles to the side of my stove while cooking." D. "I will give my child syrup of ipecac if she swallows something poisonous."
"I lock my medications in the medicine cabinet." Locking up medications and other potential poisons prevents access. Toddlers have improved gross and fine motor skills that allow for further exploration of the environment and possible access to hazardous substances.
A nurse is caring for a child who has bacterial endocarditis. The child is scheduled to receive moderate term antibiotic therapy and requires a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC). Which of the following statements should the nurse include when teaching the child's parent? A. "The PICC line will last several weeks with proper care." B. "The public health nurse will rotate the insertion site every 3 days." C. "You will need to make certain the arm board is in place at all times." D. "Your child will go to the operating room to have the line placed."
"The PICC line will last several weeks with proper care." PICC lines are the preferred venous access device for short to moderate term IV therapy. They can remain in place for long periods with proper care.
A nurse is providing education to the parent of a toddler who is about to receive MMR immunization. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates an understanding of the teaching? A. "My child should not play with other children for 2 days." B. "I will need to return in 2 weeks for my child to receive the varicella immunization." C. "I will help my child to blow bubbles during the injection." D. "My child may have some drainage from the injection site."
"I will help my child to blow bubbles during the injection." Providing distraction, such as helping or allowing a child to blow bubbles while receiving an injection, is a technique that can minimize pain and discomfort for the child.
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parent of a school aged child who has moderate persistent asthma. Which of the following instructions should the nursing include? A. "You should give your child their salmeterol inhaler every 4 hours when they are having an acute episode of wheezing." B. "You should monitor your child's weight weekly while they are receiving inhaled corticosteroid therapy." C. "Pulmonary function tests will be performed every 12 to 24 months to evaluate how your child is responding to therapy." D. "When using the peak expiratory flow meter, record your child's average of three readings."
"Pulmonary function tests will be performed every 12 to 24 months to evaluate how your child is responding to therapy." The nurse should inform the parent that their child will need pulmonary function tests every 12 to 24 months to evaluate the presence of lung disease and how the child is responding to the current treatment regimen. As children grow, sometimes their manifestations can improve or decline, and treatment needs to change accordingly.
A RN is caring for a preschooler who was brought to an outpatient clinic with a 2 day history of vesicular honey colored crusty region around the nose and mouth. If the provider determines the lesions to be impetigo contagiosa, what should the nurse anticipate?
-Apply a topical antibacterial ointment to the lesions -wash the childs bed linen daily with hot water -wash hands before and after contact with the affected area
A nurse is caring for a preschool-age child who is dying. Which of the following findings is an age-appropriate reaction to death by the child? A. The child views death as similar to sleep. B. The child is interested in what happens to his body after death. C. The child recognizes that death is permanent. D. The child believes his thoughts can cause death. E. The child thinks death is a punishment.
-The child views death as similar to sleep. -The child believes his thoughts can cause death. -The child thinks death is a punishment.
A nurse is assessing a child who has a ventricular septal defect. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? A. diastolic murmur B. Murmur at the left sternal border C. Cyanosis that increases with crying D. widened pulse pressure
. Murmur at the left sternal border
A nurse if performing a physical assessment on a 6 month old infant. Which of the following highlight reflexes should the nurse expect to find? A. Stepping B. Babinski C. Extrusion D. Moro
Babinski The Babinski reflex, which is elicited by stroking the bottom of the foot and causing the toes to fan and the big toe to dorsiflex, should be present until the age of 1 year. Persistence of neonatal reflexes might indicate neurological deficits.
A nurse is assessing a 30 month old toddler during a well child visit. Which of the following findings requires further assessment by the nurse? A. Primary dentition is complete B. Unable to hop on one foot C. Birth weight is tripled D. Able to state first and last name
Birth weight tripled The birth weight should triple by 12 months of age. By 30 months of age, the birth weight should be quadrupled.
A nurse in a pediatric clinic is caring for a 3 year old child who has a blood lead level of 3 mcg/dL. When teaching the toddlers parent about the correlation of nutrition with lead poisoning, which of the following information is appropriate for the nurse to include in the teaching? A. Decrease the child's vitamin C intake until the blood lead level decreases to zero. B. Administer a folic acid supplement to the child each day. C. Give pancreatic enzymes to the child with meals and snacks. D. Ensure the child's dietary intake of calcium and iron is adequate.
Ensure the child's dietary intake of calcium and iron is adequate. A child who has an elevated blood lead level should have an adequate intake of calcium and iron to reduce the absorption and effects of the lead. Dietary recommendations should include milk as a good source of calcium.
A nurse providing teaching about promoting sleep with the parent of a 3 year old toddler. Which of the following information should the nurse teach? A. Follow a nightly routine and established bedtime. B. Encourage active play prior to bedtime. C. Let the child remain awake until tired enough to go to sleep. D. Reward the child with a food treat just prior to sleep if the child goes to bed on time.
Follow a nightly routine and established bedtime. Preschool-age children test limits. Consistency in approach to bedtime is very important. Bedtime is more likely to be pleasant for everyone if a routine is established and followed every night.
A nurse is monitoring the oxygen saturation level of an infant using pulse oximetry. The nurse should secure the sensor to which of the areas of the infant A. Wrist B. Great toe C. Index finger D. Heel
Great Toe The nurse should secure the sensor to the great toe of the infant and then place a snug-fitting sock on the foot to hold the sensor in place. The nurse should also check the skin under the sensor site frequently for temperature, color, and the presence of a pulse.
a nurse at a pediatric clinic is assessing a 5 month old infant during a well child visit. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? A. Head lags when pulled from a lying to a sitting position B. Absence of startle and crawl reflexes C. Inability to pick up a rattle after dropping it D. Rolls from back to side
Head lags when pulled from a lying to a sitting position At the age of 5 months, the infant should have no head lag when pulled to a sitting position; therefore, the nurse should report this finding to the provider.
A nurse is providing anticipatory guidance about accidental ingestion of a toxic substance to the parent of a toddler. The nurse should instruct the parents to take which of the following actions first if the child ingests a hazardous substance? A. Give the toddler milk. B. Go to an emergency department. C. Call the poison control center. D. Induce vomiting.
Call the poison control center. According to evidence-based practice, the nurse should instruct the parents to first call the poison control center, which will then identify what further actions the parents should take.
A nurse in the ER is caring for a 2 year old child who was found by his parents crying and holding a container of toilet bowl cleaner. The childs lips are edematous and inflamed, and he is drooling. Which of the following is the priority action by the nurse? A. Remove the child's contaminated clothing. B. Check the child's respiratory status. C. Administer an antidote to the child. D. Establish IV access for the child.
Check the childs respiratory status
A nurse is preparing to administer recommended highlight immunization to a 2 month old infant. Which of the following immunizations should the nurse plan to administer? A. Human papillomavirus (HPV) and hepatitis A B. Measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) and tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis (TDaP) C. Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib) and inactivated polio virus (IPV) D. Varicella (VAR) and live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV)
Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib) and inactivated polio virus (IPV) The recommended immunizations for a 2-month-old infant include Hib and IPV. The Hib immunization series consists of 3 to 4 doses, depending on the immunization used, and at a minimum is administered at the ages of 2 months, 4 months, and 12 to 15 months. The IPV immunization series consists of 4 doses and is administered at the ages of 2 months, 4 months, 6 to 18 months, and 4 to 6 years
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory report of a 7 year old child who is receiving chemotherapy. Which of the following lab tests should the nurse review to evaluate for anemia? A. Hgb B. WBC count C. Prealbumin D. Platelets
Hgb A child receiving chemotherapy is at risk for anemia due to the chemotherapy effects on the blood-forming cells of the bone marrow. The development of anemia is diagnosed through laboratory testing of hemoglobin and hematocrit levels.
A nurse is assessing a 9 month old infant during a well-child visit. Which of the following findings indicates that the infant has a developmental delay? A. Creeps on hands and knees B. inability to vocalize vowel sounds C. Uses crude pincer grasp D. stands by holding onto support
Inability to vocalize vowel sounds The infant should begin vocalizing vowel sounds at the age of 7 months, and by the age of 10 months, be able to say at least one word.
a nurse in the ER is caring for a 12 yr old child who has ingested bleach. Which of the following statements by the nurse indicates an understanding of this ingestion? A. The absence of oral burns excludes the possibility of esophageal burns B. Treatment focuses on neutralization of the chemical C. Injury by a corrosive liquid is more extensive than by a corrosive solid D. Immediate administration of activated charcoal is warranted
Injury by a corrosive liquid is more extensive than by a corrosive solid The coating action of liquids permits larger areas of contact with tissues and results in more extensive injury.
A nurse is assessing a 6 month old infant at a well child visit. Which of the following findings indicates the need for further assessment? A. Grabs feet and pulls them to her mouth B. Posterior fontanel is closed C. Legs remain crossed and extended when supine D. Birth weight has doubled
Legs remain crossed and extended when supine Legs crossed and extended when supine is an unexpected finding and requires further assessment. At 6 months of age, the legs flex at the knees when the infant is supine. Crossed and extended legs when supine is a finding associated with cerebral palsy.
A RN is caring for an infant who has gastroenteritis and is dehydrated. Which of the following characteristics places the infant at a high risk of electrolyte imbalances compared to adult clients?
Longer intestinal tract
A nurse is caring for an 18 year old adolescent who is up to date on immunizations and is planning to attend college. The nurse should inform the client that he should receive which of the following immunizations prior to moving into a campus dormitory? A. Pneumococcal polysaccharide B. Meningococcal polysaccharide C. Rotavirus D. Herpes zoster
Meningococcal polysaccharide The meningococcal polysaccharide immunization is used to prevent infection by certain groups of meningococcal bacteria. Meningococcal infection can cause life-threatening illnesses, such as meningococcal meningitis, which affects the brain, and meningococcemia, which affects the blood. Both of these conditions can be fatal. College freshmen, particularly those who live in dormitories, are at an increased risk for meningococcal disease relative to other persons their age. Therefore, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has issued a recommendation that all incoming college students receive the meningococcal immunization.
A nurse in a pediatric clinic is assessing a toddler at a well child visit. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Perform the assessment in a head to toe sequence. B. Minimize physical contact with the child initially. C. Explain procedures using medical terminology. D. Stop the assessment if the child becomes uncooperative.
Minimize physical contact with the child initially. The nurse should initially minimize physical contact with the toddler, and then progress from the least traumatic to the most traumatic procedures.
A nurse is caring for a 15 month old toddler who requires droplet precautions. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Have the toddler wear a disposable gown when in the unit's playroom. B. Wear sterile gloves when changing the toddler's diapers. C. Wear a mask when assisting the toddler with meals. D. Ask visitors to wear an N-95 mask when entering the room.
Wear a mask when assisting the toddler with meals. The nurse should wear a mask when within 3 to 6 feet of the toddler to prevent the transmission of infections that are spread via large droplet particles expelled in the air.
A nurse is teaching a parent of a 12 month old infant about the development during the toddler years. Which of the following statements should the nurse include? A. "Your child should be referring to himself using the appropriate pronoun by 18 months of age." B. "A toddler's interest in looking at pictures occurs at 20 months of age." C. "A toddler should have daytime control of his bowel and bladder by 24 months of age." D. "Your child should be able to scribble spontaneously using a crayon at the age of 15 months."
Your child should be able to scribble spontaneously using a crayon at the age of 15 months." The nurse should teach the parent that at the age of 15 months, the toddler should be able to scribble spontaneously, and at the age of 18 months, the toddler should be able to make strokes imitatively.
A nurse on the peds unit is caring for a group of clients. Which of the following findings should be the nurses priority?
a child who has sickle cell anemia and a urine specific gravity of 1.030 a child who has sickle cell anemia must maintain adequate hydration because dehydration could cause sickle cell crisis that can occlude the childs circulation
A nurse in an emergency department is caring for an 8 year old who is up to date with current immunizations recommendations and has a deep puncture injury. Which of the following should the nurse anticipate administering? A. Diphtheria, tetanus, and acellular pertussis (DTaP) vaccine B. A single injection of tetanus immune globulin (TIG) mixed with the pediatric tetanus booster (DT) C. Tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine D. Adult tetanus booster (Td)
adult tetanus booster (Td) Td is recommended for wound prophylaxis in children ages 7 years and older. Td is also recommended every 10 years after 18 years of age.
A charge nurse is providing education about child maltreatment to a group of newly licensed nurses. Which of the following pieces of information should the charge nurse include in the teaching?
children who were born prematurely are more likely to be maltreated
A RN is creating a plan of care for a 6 months old infant who requires continuous pulse oximetry monitoring. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include?
cover the oximetry sensor with clothing
A nurse is teaching the parent of an infant about food allergens. Which of the following foods should the nurse include as being the most common food allergy in children? A. Cow's milk B. Wheat bread C. Corn syrup D. Eggs
cows milk According to evidence-based practice, the nurse should instruct the parent that cow's milk is the most common food allergy in children. Some children are sensitive to the protein, called casein, found in cow's milk. They have difficulty metabolizing the casein and are, therefore, allergic to cow's milk.
a nurse is preparing to administer a liquid medication to an infant. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. administer the medication while the child is supine B. give the medication at the side of the infants mouth C. Add the medication to a full bottle of the infants formula D. Administer the medication slowly while holding the nares closed
give the medication at the side of the infants mouth
a nurse is assessing a 12 month old male infants vital signs during a well-child visit. The infant is in the 90th percentile of height. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider? A.Heart rate 175/min B. Respiratory rate 26/min C. Blood pressure 88/40 mm Hg D. Temperature 37.6° C (99.7° F)
heart rate 175 min A heart rate of 175/min is above the expected reference range for a 12-month-old infant; therefore, the nurse should report this finding to the provider.
A nurse is teaching the parent of a 12 month old infant about nutrition. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates a need for further teaching? A. "I can give my baby 4 ounces of juice to drink each day." B. "I will offer my baby dry cereal and chilled banana slices as snacks." C. "I am introducing my baby to the same foods the family eats." D. "My infant drinks at least 2 quarts of skim milk each day."
my infant drinks at least 2 qts of milk a day As the infant transitions into toddlerhood, whole milk intake should average 24 to 30 oz per day. Too much milk can affect intake of solid foods and result in iron deficiency anemia. Skim milk is not recommended until after age 2 since it lacks essential fatty acids which are needed for growth and development.
A nurse is observing a mother who is playing peek a boo with her 8 month old child. The mother asks if this game has any developmental significance. The nurse should inform the mother that peek a boo helps develop which of the following concepts in the child? A. Hand-eye coordination B. Sense of trust C. Object permanence D. Egocentrism
object permanence Object permanence refers to the cognitive skill of knowing an object still exists even when it is out of sight. In discovering a hidden object while playing peek-a-boo, the infant experiences validation of this concept.
A nurse is planning to implement relaxation strategies with a young child prior to a painful procedure. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Ask the child to hold his breath and then blow it out slowly. B. Ask the child to describe a pleasurable event. C. Bounce the child gently while holding him upright. D. Rock the child in long rhythmic movements.
rock the child in long rhythmic movements The nurse can implement relaxation strategies by sitting with the child in a well-supported position such as against the chest, and then rocking or swaying back and forth in long, wide movements.
A nurse is caring for a 6 week old infant following a pyloromyotomy. Which of the following forms of feeding should the nurse anticipate for the infant 6 hr after the procedure?
small frequent bottle feedings of electrolytes solution
A nurse is assessing the development of a 3 year old child. Which of the following gross motor skills should the RN expect the child to be able to perform?
standing on 1 foot
a nurse is assisting a provider during a femoral venipuncture on a toddler. The nurse should place the child in which of the following positions? A. Side-lying B. Semi-recumbent C. Flexed sitting D. Supine
supine The client is placed in the supine position, with the client's legs in a frog position.
A nurse is assessing a 7 year old child's psychosocial development. Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as requiring further evaluation? A. The child prefers playmates of the same sex. B. The child is competitive when playing board games. C. The child complains daily about going to school. D. The child enjoys spending time alone.
the child complains about going to school every day Complaining every day about going to school is an unexpected finding for a 7-year-old child. The child is in Erikson's psychosocial development stage of industry vs. inferiority. Children in this stage want to learn and master new concepts. If the child complains daily about going to school, it warrants further evaluation.
A nurse is planning to collect a specimen from a male infant using a urine collection bag. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Wash and dry the infant's genitalia and perineum thoroughly. B. Apply a small coating of water-soluble lubricant to the skin of the infant's perineal area. C. Avoid placing the scrotum inside the collection bag. D. Wait several hours after positioning the device before checking it.
wash and dry the infants genitalia and perineum thoroughly This is the method used to obtain a routine urine specimen of any sort in a child who is not toilet trained. The skin should be washed and dried to promote application of the adhesive of the collection device.
