Pectoral Girdle & Shoulder

each upper limb consists of:

- humerus - radius - ulna - 8 carpals - 5 metacarpals - 14 phalanges (fingers)

shape of clavicle

S-shaped, serves as a brace bone to keep upper limb to side of the body

relatively loose attachments of the pectoral girdle with the humerus allow

a wide range of movements

pectoral girdle represents

and incomplete ring (girdle) of bones as the posterior scapulae do not meet each other, but muscles extend from their medial borders to vertebral column

pectoral girdle consists of

anterior clavicle and posterior scapula

clavicle and scapula provide for

attachments of muscles of the neck and trunk

why is the clavicle easily broken?

because it is close to the anterior surface and because the shoulder or upper limb commonly breaks a fall

anatomically, forearm represents

elbow to wrist

These bones form the

framework of the upper limb & they function as parts of levers when muscles contract

two bones of the forearm are nearly parallel when

in anatomical position

scapula has many tendon attachment sites for the muscles of

neck, trunk, and upper limbs

do the two clavicles meet as they articulate with the manubrium?

no

does the scapula attach directly to the axial skeleton?

no, great deal of flexibility for shoulder movements

Anatomically, arm represents

shoulder to elbow

humerus is sometimes called

the funny bone because of the tingling sensation if it is bumped on the medial epicondyle where the ulnar nerve passes

pectoral girdle supports

the upper limb and serves as the attachment point for various muscles that move the upper limb

Bones have tensile strength meaning

when a force is exerted upon the clavicle from the lateral side of the body, the bone will bend to some extent at both curves until the threshold is reached

anatomically, hand includes

wrist to the ends of digits