PED chapter 27 evolve

What does the nurse teach the parents who are concerned and fearful of their child's bluish color?

"The child has cyanosis associated with a lack of oxygen."

The nurse explains to the parents of a child receiving furosemide that it is which type of medication?

A diuretic

Surgical repair for patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is performed to prevent which complication?

A worsening of pulmonary vascular congestion

How should the nurse administer a digitalizing dosage to a child prescribed digoxin?

Administer divided doses intravenously over 24 hours

What teaching should the nurse give to the principal caregiver of a child about the administration of digoxin? Select all that apply.

Administer the drug every 12 hours. Report frequent vomiting or poor feeding. Give water after administering the drug.

A nurse is caring for a fragile infant with a serious congenital heart disease. What does the nurse teach the mother about feeding the infant?

Allow 30 minutes to complete a feeding.

A nurse is caring for an infant with heart failure. What is the best intervention for decreasing the cardiac demand of the infant?

Allow the infant to have uninterrupted periods of sleep

A child receiving antihypertensive therapy presents with a cough and angioedema. Which drug does the health care provider need to discontinue?

Captopril

In which procedure for cardiac diagnosis are radiopaque catheters placed in a peripheral blood vessel and advanced into the heart?

Cardiac catheterization

A nurse is preparing to administer digoxin to an infant. Which is the most appropriate action when the nurse is administering digoxin?

Checking the apical heart rate and holding the medication if the pulse is below 90 to 110 beats/min

Which nursing intervention is the most important in preventing complications of digoxin administration?

Checking the apical pulse for 60 seconds before administering the medication

Which is the priority nursing intervention for reducing the risk for perfusion problems after cardiac catheterization?

Checking the pulses distal to the catheterization site

What clinical manifestation does the nurse expect to find during the assessment of an infant with coarctation of the aorta?

Cooler lower extremities

A nurse caring for a child suspects a dysrhythmia. What is the nurse's first action?

Counting the apical rate for 1 full minute

When a dysrhythmia is suspected, which is the nurse's first action?

Counting the apical rate for 1 full minute and comparing it with the radial rate

Which clinical manifestations of heart failure in an infant occur due to pulmonary congestion rather than impaired myocardial function? Select all that apply.

Cyanosis Tachypnea Costal retractions

The nurse is assessing the chest tube drainage of a 20 kg child in the postoperative period after cardiac surgery. Which drainage, if present in the patient, would prompt the nurse to contact the provider immediately?

Drainage greater than 12 mL/hr for more than 3 hours.

The nurse is caring for a child with Kawasaki disease (KD). Which intervention performed at the time of diagnosis does the nurse refer to for evaluating long-term complications?

Echocardiogram

The nurse is caring for a child with a bedside cardiac monitor for electrocardiogram (ECG). Which intervention by the nurse is appropriate?

Ensure that the white electrode is on the right of the chest.

Which postoperative care does the nurse include for a child immediately after surgery?

Ensure the child is warm immediately after surgery

Which medications are diuretics used in the management of heart failure? Select all that apply.

Furosemide chlorothiazide spironolactone

The nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a child with congenital heart disease. What finding indicates that the child is at risk for coronary artery disease?

High density lipoprotein of 38 mg/dL

What does the nurse teach the parents of a child who has a history of bacterial infective endocarditis (IE)?

Institute prophylactic antibiotic therapy.

A child with heart failure has been prescribed digoxin and enalapril. How does the action of digoxin differ from that of enalapril?

It reduces cardiac afterload by improving contractility of the heart.

What does the nurse do when the digoxin dose of a child is missed?

Keep the child on the same medication schedule

A nurse is caring for a child who has just undergone cardiac catheterization. Which interventions does the nurse implement? Select all that apply.

Keep the site clean and dry. Administer acetaminophen or ibuprofen to relieve the child's pain. Assess pulses, temperature, and color of extremities. Remove the pressure dressing the day after catheterization and cover the site with an adhesive bandage.

What position does the nurse caring for a young child with tetralogy of Fallot see the child assuming in an attempt to compensate for the congenital heart defect?

Knee-chest

What is the advantage of the cardiac catheterization test over the echocardiography test?

MIt can measure the oxygen saturation of blood in the chambers of the heart.

The nurse is caring for a child with heart failure. What teaching does the nurse give to the parents of the child about reducing the workload on the child's heart while hospitalized?

Medication may be used to sedate the child.

A child has undergone a cardiac catheterization procedure. Which nursing intervention should the nurse employ during the immediate postcatheterization phase?

Monitor both oral and intravenous fluid intake.

Which nursing interventions are most important when the nurse is managing the care for a child with Kawasaki disease? Select all that apply.

Monitor temperature carefully. Check the patency of the intravenous line.

The nurse is planning care for an infant with heart failure. Which intervention does the nurse include?

Organizing activities to permit uninterrupted sleep

Congenital heart defects have traditionally been divided into acyanotic and cyanotic defects. What does the nurse know about this system in clinical practice?

Problematic because children with acyanotic heart defects may experience cyanosis

Which intervention should the nurse take when obtaining a blood pressure measurement for a child with systemic hypertension?

Quiet the child when the blood pressure is recorded.

The patient with heart failure receives furosemide intravenously. Which intervention is appropriate?

Record output as soon as the drug is given.

Which clinical manifestation in a child with rheumatic fever is associated with involvement of the myocardium rather than the pericardium?

Tachycardia, even in sleep

Which is an early sign of congestive heart failure?

Tachypnea

Which clinical manifestations result from pulmonary congestion in children with congestive heart failure?

Tachypnea exercise intolerance cyanosis

How is an electrocardiography (ECG) test different from cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)? Select all that apply.

The ECG involves the placement of leads on the skin. The ECG provides information about electrolyte imbalances.

After cardiac catheterization of a child, which assessment finding is most concerning to the nurse?

The affected extremity feels cool when touched.

What does the nurse teach the parents who are concerned and fearful of their child's bluish color?

The child has cyanosis associated with a lack of oxygen."

A nurse caring for a child with a chest tube notes drainage from the chest tube of 4 mL/kg/hr for the past 3 hours. What does this finding suggest?

The child may be at risk for cardiac tamponade

What is a priority patient outcome for a child with congestive heart failure?

The child will not have distended neck veins.

What does the nurse stress when counseling parents regarding the home care of the child with a cardiac defect before corrective surgery?

The desirability of promoting normalcy within the limits of the child's condition

Which is the primary therapy for secondary hypertension in children?

Treatment of the cause

Before discharge, what teaching does the nurse give to the parents of a child who has been implanted with a pacemaker? Select all that apply.

Understand the settings of the pacemaker inserted. Learn cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Ensure that the child wears a Medic-Alert device.

Which heart defect causes narrowing of the aortic valve?

aortic stenosis

Which congenital heart defect is described as the incomplete fusion of the endocardial cushions?

atrioventricular canal defect

A nurse is assessing an infant with a suspected cardiac anomaly. Which manifestation indicates the infant has chronic tissue hypoxemia?

clubbing

Which term describes the thickening and flattening of the tips of the fingers and toes that is thought to occur as a result of chronic tissue hypoxemia?

clubbing

In what procedure are high-frequency sound waves directed through a transducer to produce an image of cardiac structures?

echocardiography

What clinical manifestation should the nurse expect to find in a child with infective endocarditis?

splinter hemorrhages under the nails

Which is considered a mixed cardiac defect?

transposition of the great arteries