Pediatrics chapters 13 and 20.
How many hours before surgery should the nurse teach a mother to stop breastfeeding her child before surgery? 1 2 hours 2 6 hours 3 8 hours 4 4 hours
4
What profession is common among mothers with Munchausen syndrome by proxy? 1 Banker 2 Teacher 3 Accountant 4 Home health aide
4
The camp nurse is checking preschool-aged children for ticks. The nurse understands that ticks can cause which disease? 1 Syphilis 2 Meningitis 3 Lyme disease 4 Ménière disease
3
hat is the best position for a child undergoing a lumbar puncture? 1 Sitting 2 Supine 3 Side-lying 4 Therapeutic holding
3
The nurse is asked to administer 1 teaspoon of medication to a child. Which measuring device is best for the nurse to use to administer the medication? 1 Molded plastic cup 2 Dropper 3 Teaspoon 4 Paper cup
1
The parents of a 3-year-old ask the nurse for advice on how to handle their child's nightmares. Which suggestion would be least effective? 1 Provide reassurance that the dream is not real. 2 Search under the bed and in the closet for monsters. 3 Provide a night light in the room for reassurance. 4 Try to discuss the dreams as soon as they happen.
4
A child, age 7 years, is being treated at home and has a fever associated with a viral illness. What is the primary reason for treating the child's fever? 1 Relief of discomfort 2 Reassurance that illness is temporary 3 Prevention of secondary bacterial infection 4 Prevention of life-threatening complications
1
The emergency room nurse is caring for a 2-year-old patient with sunburn covering the back and chest with blistering. Which parent statement requires additional teaching? 1 "We should manually pick off any flaking skin." 2 "We can apply cool compresses to help cool the burn." 3 "We can administer acetaminophen for pain." 4 "We should avoid hot baths until the sunburn improves."
1
The triage nurse is advising a parent of a toddler with a suspected chemical burn over the phone. Which should the nurse include when advising the parents what to do? 1 Continuously flush the burn to remove the chemical. 2 Apply a neutralizing agent to the burn. 3 Apply antibiotic ointment to the burn. 4 Cover the burn, and transport the child to the emergency room.
1
Which blood oxygenation test is the photometric measurement of oxygen? 1 Oximetry 2 Capnography 3 Arterial puncture 4 Transcutaneous oxygen and carbon dioxide monitoring
1
What guidelines should the nurse follow when preparing a toddler for a procedure? Select all that apply. 1 Keeping frightening objects out of view 2 Encouraging the child to verbalize ideas or feelings 3 Asking the child his or her thoughts about why a procedure is performed 4 Telling the child that it is okay to cry, yell, or use other means to express discomfort 5 Explaining the procedure in relation to what the child will see, hear, taste, smell, and feel
1,4,5
A nurse is assessing an 18-month-old child with burns. Which burn pattern should make the nurse suspicious of child abuse? 1 First-degree burns consistent with sunburn 2 Burns with demarcated edges 3 Burns that are asymmetric 4 Burns that are not uniform
2
The nurse is reviewing the serum lead level of a toddler suspected of having lead poisoning. Which laboratory value supports a diagnosis of lead poisoning? 1 2 mcg/dL 2 12 mcg/dL 3 6 mcg/dL 4 9 mcg/dL
2
The nurse is providing community education regarding childproofing a home. Which should the nurse prioritize in this teaching? 1 Keep all doors exiting the house locked. 2 Do not have family pets until the child is of school age. 3 Ensure all medications are kept inside a locked cabinet. 4 Remove protective coverings over all electrical outlets.
3
The nurse needs to take the blood pressure of a preschooler for the first time. What action would be best for gaining the child's cooperation? 1 Telling the child that this procedure will help the child get well faster 2 Taking the blood pressure when a parent is there to comfort the child 3 Permitting the child to handle equipment and see the dial moving before putting the cuff in place 4 Explaining to the child how blood flows through the arm and why taking the blood pressure is important
3
The nurse is providing education about accidental poisonings to a group of parents. Which intervention should the nurse tell parents is the priority? 1 Induce vomiting. 2 Call the physician's office. 3 Administer an emetic. 4 Call the Poison Control Center.
4
The emergency room nurse is caring for a toddler who has diffuse burns over the majority of the body. Which finding should most concern to the nurse? 1 Angioedema 2 Presence of diarrhea 3 Movement of all four extremities 4 Blistering of the skin
1
What organ is most vulnerable to the adverse effects of excessive oxygenation in preterm infants? 1 Brain 2 Heart 3 Retina 4 Nerves
3
Which restraint will the nurse use for a child after a cleft lip repair? 1 A papoose board 2 A mummy wrap 3 An elbow restraint 4 A jacket restraint
3
What are the most appropriate interventions for a nurse caring for a child receiving an intravenous (IV) infusion to carry out? Select all that apply. 1 Changing the insertion site every 24 hours 2 Checking the insertion site frequently for signs of infiltration 3 Avoiding restraining the child to prevent undue emotional stress 4 Checking IV fluids and infusion rate with another licensed professional 5 Using an infusion pump with a microdropper to ensure the prescribed infusion rate
2,4,5
The nurse is caring for a 3-year-old patient with a severe burn injury and a newly placed skin graft. Which intervention should the nurse prioritize in the care of this patient? 1 Administration of prophylactic antibiotics 2 Using warm compresses to soothe the burn 3 Administration of pain medication 4 Ambulating the patient to promote circulation
3
The nurse is teaching the parents of a child with a second-degree burn. The nurse should include which statement in the teaching? 1 "Second-degree burns include only the epidermal layer." 2 "Second-degree burns do not cause pain sensations." 3 "Second-degree burns will have blisters on the skin." 4 "Second-degree burns expose muscle and bone
3
A mother calls the emergency room (ER) stating that her 4-year-old child has been bitten by a bat. Which instruction is the priority? 1 Bring the child to the ER. 2 Clean the wound with peroxide and water. 3 Call animal control to come to the home. 4 Apply antibiotic ointment to the affected area.
1
A toddler has developed lead poisoning. During the assessment the nurse learns that the toddler has a peanut allergy. The nurse is ordered to administer British antilewisite to the patient. What is the appropriate nursing action in this situation? 1 Question the order of British antilewisite. 2 Administer British antilewisite in a high dose. 3 Administer flumazenil to the patient. 4 Avoid administration of British antilewisite with EDTA
1
What is the best explanation for the use of pulse oximetry in young children? 1 It is noninvasive. 2 It is better than capnography. 3 It provides intermittent measurements of oxygen. 4 It is more accurate than arterial blood gas measurements.
1
What is the most frequent source of lead poisoning in children? 1 Lead-based paint 2 Cigarette butts and ashes 3 Folk remedies that contain lead 4 Pottery or dishes that contain lead
1
The nurse is teaching a group of parents at orientation for summer day camp. Which diseases related to tick exposure should the nurse include? Select all that apply. 1 Scabies 2 Rocky Mountain spotted fever 3 Giardia 4 Zika virus 5 Lyme disease 6 West Nile virus
2,5
Which is included in standard precautions for infection control? 1 Use of gloves anytime a patient is touched 2 Use of masks only in the care of patients with airborne infections 3 Use of gloves to change diapers when there are loose or explosive stools 4 Immediate capping of needles after use and disposal in a special container
3
The nurse is preparing a plan to teach a mother how to administer 1½ teaspoons of medicine to her 6-month-old infant. What does the nurse teach the parents to use, based on knowledge of administering pediatric medications? 1 Regular silverware teaspoon 2 Household measuring spoon 3 Paper cup marked in 5-ml increments 4 Plastic syringe (without needle) calibrated in milliliters
4
The nurse needs to give an injection to a 4-year-old preschool child in the deltoid muscle. What is the most appropriate approach by the nurse, drawing on knowledge of preschool development? 1 Smile while giving the injection to help the child relax. 2 Explain that child will experience "a little stick in the arm." 3 Tell the child that it will be so quick, the injection won't even hurt. 4 Explain with concrete terms such as "putting medicine under the skin."
4
While assessing a patient who presents with itchy eyes, the nurse finds that the conjunctivae are reddish and edematous with the presence of secretions. Which nursing actions are appropriate for the patient? Select all that apply. 1 Warm, moist compresses are helpful in removing crusts but do not keep on the eyes. 2 Use eye drops at night and ointments during the day. 3 Instill the prescribed eye drops before cleaning the eyes. 4 Wipe the eyes from inner canthus to outer canthus. 5 Instill corticosteroid eye drops to prevent infections.
1,4
The parents of a 2-year-old have brought the child in after the child crawled into the kitchen cabinet and spilled ammonia. The child has diffuse red areas all over the skin. What does the nurse suspect? 1 Allergic reaction to ammonia 2 Erythema caused by multiple spankings 3 Histamine reaction caused by possible ingestion 4 Chemical burn caused by the alkalinity of the ammonia
4
A child is prescribed nothing per mouth (NPO) for 4 days and receives only intravenous (IV) fluids. The child is at risk for which condition? 1 Breakdown in skin integrity 2 Respiratory distress 3 Epidermal stripping 4 Decreased blood pressure
1
The nurse is preparing a school-age child for a blood sampling procedure. Which is an appropriate method used by the nurse? 1 Let the child handle syringes and empty ampules. 2 Explain to the child how illness affects bodily functions. 3 Plan teaching sessions of more than 30 minutes. 4 Keep the procedure equipment near.
1
The nurse is providing care for a child after surgery. The nurse is assessing the patient to identify any potential complications of anesthesia. What action will the nurse take? 1 Auscultate lungs 2 Assess skin color 3 Inspect operative area 4 Check bowel sounds
1
The nurse received a call from the mother of a 2-year-old who had just been bitten by the neighbor's dog. Which piece of the nurse's advice to the mother is the priority? 1 Seek medical attention immediately. 2 Advise the mother to cover the bite. 3 Advise the mother to administer an antihistamine. 4 Wash the bite with antibacterial soap.
1
The parents of a child with cystic fibrosis ask the nurse how chest physical therapy (CPT) helps their child. What is the priority of care for CPT? 1 CPT helps to clear the airway. 2 CPT helps expand the chest. 3 CPT decreases intracranial pressure. 4 CPT helps comfort the child in the same way as massage.
1
The triage nurse is advising a parent of a toddler with a suspected chemical burn over the phone. Which should the nurse include when advising the parents what to do? 1 Continuously flush the burn to remove the chemical. 2 Apply a neutralizing agent to the burn. 3 Apply antibiotic ointment to the burn. 4 Cover the burn, and transport the child to the emergency room
1
What is the primary reason for universal screening of young children for lead poisoning? 1 Children with lead poisoning rarely have symptoms. 2 Most children are exposed to lead through herbal products. 3 Water and food in the United States are usually contaminated with lead. 4 Most children in the United States are exposed to toxic amounts of lead.
1
The nurse is providing care for a postoperative child. The nurse is monitoring the vital signs of the child. What physiologic issues are likely to decrease the child's heart rate? Select all that apply. 1 Hypoxia 2 Vagal stimulation 3 Increased intracranial pressure 4 Hypothermia 5 Infection
1,2,3
What are the benefits of long-term central venous access devices? Select all that apply. 1 Easy access for bloodwork 2 Ease of parenteral feedings 3 Administration of blood products 4 Decreased chance of skin infection 5 Central venous pressure monitoring
1,2,3,5
In what situations would it be necessary for the nurse to obtain informed consent of the patient, parent, or a legal guardian? Select all that apply. 1 The patient requires a dental extraction. 2 A lumbar puncture is to be performed for diagnosis. 3 The patient is discharged from the hospital after treatment. 4 The patient's photograph is required for educational use. 5 A postmortem is required in a case of a sudden infant death.
1,2,4
The nurse is teaching parents about lead poisoning. The nurse should warn the parents about which sources of lead? Select all that apply. 1 Lead-based paint 2 Vinyl mini-blinds 3 Mercury thermometers 4 Battery casings 5 Sunscreen
1,2,4
What methods can the nurse use to encourage the school-age child to perform range-of-motion exercises? Select all that apply. 1 Allow the child to play with Mylar balloons. 2 Play Twister or Simon Says. 3 Position the bed facing the doorway. 4 Encourage the child to comb his or her own hair. 5 Provide the child with a push-pull toy.
1,2,4
A nurse is caring for an infant with a tracheostomy. What are some signs of mucus partially occluding the airway? Select all that apply. 1 Cyanosis 2 Drop in SaO2 3 Decrease in heart rate 4 Decrease in respiratory effort 5 Increase in positive inspiratory pressure on ventilator
1,2,5
What measures should be taken to prevent lead poisoning for people living in a community where most of the houses were built in the year 1960? Select all that apply. 1 Wash toys and pacifiers frequently. 2 Use only hot water for drinking or cooking. 3 Use cold water for the preparation of formula. 4 Run the water for 2 minutes before using it. 5 Vacuum hard-surfaced floors and windowsills daily.
1,3,4
The nurse is caring for a child with anemia. The nurse explains the treatment plan to the child's parents. What are the best actions for the nurse take to ensure that the family follows the prescribed treatment regimen? Select all that apply. 1 Informs about generic brands to reduce costs 2 Provide verbal instructions to parents 3 Assess the child's medication schedule 4 Assess the child's ability to take medicines 5 Encourage the use of cues as memory aids
1,3,4,5
What instructions must the nurse teach the parents about caring for a child with fever? Select all that apply. 1 Dress the child in light or minimal clothing. 2 Give the child a tub bath with tepid water. 3 Use a light blanket if the child is shivering. 4 Sponge the child with cool washcloths. 5 Apply cool, moist compresses to the forehead.
1,3,5
The camp nurse is caring for a toddler who was bitten by a spider. The parents have arrived to take the child to the primary care provider. Which intervention should the nurse prioritize with this child? 1 Administer morphine. 2 Apply ice to the affected area. 3 Wrap the affected area with warm washcloths. 4 Cleanse the area with water.
2
The nurse is caring for a toddler with a burn. The nurse understands which therapy will be used to remove necrotic skin? 1 Hydrotherapy 2 Debridement 3 Allograft 4 Xenograft
2
The nurse is teaching the parents of a child with a third-degree burn. Which statement will the nurse include in the teaching? 1 "Third-degree burns include only the epidermal layer." 2 "Third-degree burns do not cause pain sensations." 3 "Third-degree burns will have blisters on the skin." 4 "Third-degree burns expose muscle and bone."
2
The nurse wears gloves during an intravenous line insertion. What should the nurse do immediately after removing the gloves? 1 Check the gloves for tears. 2 Wash the hands thoroughly. 3 Rinse the gloves in disinfectant solution. 4 Put on new gloves before touching the next patient.
2
What care must the nurse take when obtaining a capillary blood sample by heel stick? 1 Cleanse the heel with soap and water. 2 Warm the heel for 3 minutes. 3 Ensure the puncture is 3 mm deep. 4 Puncture the inner aspect of the heel.
2
What is the best action for the nurse to take to minimize the risk of aspiration when administering a liquid medication to a crying 8-month-old infant? 1 Keeping the child upright with the nasal passages blocked for a minute after administration 2 Administering the medication with an oral syringe placed along the side of the infant's tongue 3 Mixing the medication with the infant's regular formula or juice and administering it by bottle 4 Administering the medication with a cup as rapidly as possible with the infant securely restrained
2
When should a nurse apply a mummy restraint to a child? 1 Measuring blood pressure 2 Performing a throat examination 3 Performing a femoral venipuncture 4 To hold the child in horizontal position
2
Which injection site is contraindicated for an infant? 1 Deltoid muscle 2 Dorsogluteal muscle 3 Ventrogluteal muscle 4 Anterolateral thigh muscle
2
Which statement about young children who report sexual abuse by a parent is correct? 1 In most cases, the child has fabricated the story. 2 They may exhibit various behavioral manifestations. 3 Their stories are not believed unless other evidence is apparent. 4 They should be able to retell the story the same way to another person.
2
A toddler is hospitalized for treatment of poisoning. The nurse finds that the poisoning occurred when the child consumed dishwasher detergent. Which nursing interventions are helpful for the treatment of the toddler? Select all that apply. 1 Inducing emesis 2 Avoiding neutralizing 3 Offering oral intake 4 Maintaining patient airway 5 Administering analgesics
2,4,5
A 4-year-old child has ingested a toxic dose of iron. The parent reports that the child vomited and complained of gastric pain an hour ago but "feels fine" now. The parent is not certain when the child ingested the iron tablets. What is the most appropriate recommendation by the nurse to the parent? 1 Administer activated charcoal. 2 Observe the child closely for 2 more hours. 3 Bring the child to the hospital immediately. 4 Administer ipecac to induce vomiting if the child does not vomit again within 1 hour.
3
A preschooler is admitted for treatment of acetylsalicylic acid poisoning. The nurse is ordered to administer activated charcoal to the patient. However, the preschooler refuses to take the activated charcoal slurry because of its black, muddy color. What is the most appropriate nursing action in this situation? 1 Administer amyl nitrate to treat the poisoning. 2 Avoid administering activated charcoal slurry. 3 Serve the slurry in an opaque container with a cover. 4 Mix activated charcoal with cola instead of water.
3
Acetaminophen poisoning occurs in a toddler due to overdosing. The nurse expects the health care provider to prescribe what to prevent further effects of acetaminophen overdose? 1 Administer naloxone 2 Administer flumazenil 3 Administer N-acetylcysteine 4 Administer activated charcoal
3
An infant with a tracheostomy tube starts to display signs of respiratory distress. What situation requires an immediate tube change? 1 Contamination of the suction catheter 2 Respiratory rate of 30 breaths/min 3 Inability to pass the suction catheter to the end of the tube 4 Passage of suction catheter after instillation of saline solution
3
How will the nurse ensure that the hospitalized child receives adequate fluid and calories in the diet? 1 Present the complete meal at one time. 2 Avoid supervising the child during meals. 3 Start with a soup and end with dessert. 4 Provide large portions of nutritious food.
3
The nurse is caring for a 3-year-old patient who is the victim of a house fire. The patient has burns to the face, head, and neck. The nurse should prioritize which assessment for this patient? 1 Nutritional 2 Cardiac 3 Respiratory 4 Neurologic
3
What is a way to increase a 6-year-old child's intake when the child has no appetite? 1 Holding the child while feeding 2 Scolding the child for not eating 3 Providing carbonated drinks and ice pops 4 Leaving the child alone to feed him- or herself
3
What is an advantage of using the ventrogluteal site for intramuscular injections in children? 1 Ease of access when the child is sitting 2 Familiarity of health professionals with the site 3 The lack of important nerves or vascular structures 4 Small muscle mass permitting only limited amounts of the drug to be injected
3
It is time to give a 3-year-old child medication. What approach is most likely to elicit a positive response from the child? 1 "Wouldn't you like to take your medicine now?" 2 "See how nicely your roommate took medicine? Now take yours." 3 "You have to take your medicine because the doctor says it will make you better." 4 "It's time for your medication now. Would you like water or apple juice afterward?"
4
On a home visit, the nurse finds that the child has accidently consumed dishwashing liquid at home. The child is still conscious and coherent. What should be the nurse's immediate intervention? 1 Place the child in the supine position on the floor or a flat surface. 2 Assess the airway, breathing, and circulation of the child. 3 Induce vomiting to clear the stomach of suspected poison. 4 Call the poison control center before starting any intervention.
4
Several types of long-term central venous access devices are used in practice. What is the benefit of a long-term central venous access device such as a Port-a-Cath? 1 Implanted devices do not require the skin to be pierced for access. 2 Implanted devices are easy to use for self-administered infusions. 3 Implanted devices cannot be dislodged, even if child plays with the port site. 4 Implanted devices do not require limitations on regular physical activity, including swimming.
4
The nurse is caring for a 3-year-old child with burns. Which finding would be suggestive of child abuse? 1 Splash patterns 2 Nonuniform patterns 3 Splatter patterns 4 Symmetrical pattern
4
The nurse is caring for a child who suffers from quadriplegia. What nursing intervention promotes tissue integrity for this patient? 1 Avoiding the use of pressure-reduction devices on the bed 2 Massaging the reddened bony prominences to prevent tissue damage 3 Using a lot of tape and adhesives to make sure that bandages adhere firmly to the skin 4 Using the drawsheet to move the child onto a stretcher to reduce friction and shearing injuries
4
The nurse is caring for a patient in the burn unit. The type of burn involves the epidermis and is red and blistered. How will the nurse document the injury? 1 Full-thickness, fourth-degree burn 2 Superficial, first-degree burn 3 Partial-thickness, first-degree burn 4 Partial-thickness, second-degree burn
4
The nursing instructor is teaching a group of students about safety measures for children in a hospital setting. Which statement by a student indicates effective learning? 1 Pacifiers should be attached to the infant's neck with a string. 2 Baby walkers should be used to prevent falls and burns. 3 Pillows should be placed in the crib while the infant is sleeping. 4 Latex balloons pose a serious threat to children of all ages.
4
What health condition in a patient prompts the nurse to utilize contact precautions in addition to standard precautions? 1 Tuberculosis 2 Scarlet fever 3 Pertussis 4 Incontinence
4
What should the nurse know about vasodilating anesthetic agents? 1 That they may cause carbon dioxide retention 2 That they may cause increased intracranial pressure 3 That they may cause a preoperative decrease in blood pressure 4 That they may cause a postoperative decrease in blood pressure
4
What is the optimal time to perform bronchial (postural) drainage in a child? 1 Immediately after a meal 2 Half an hour after a meal 3 First thing in the morning 4 After nebulization medication
4
The nurse finds that the parents of an infant are not able to console their baby. The nurse learns that the baby keeps crying for long hours and the parents sometimes shake the baby vigorously in frustration. What should the nurse teach the parents? 1 Shaking the baby may lead to permanent brain injuries in the baby. 2 Shaking is very therapeutic and will help the baby to calm down. 3 Shaking promotes sleep in the baby and should be done more often. 4 Shaking the baby may result in Munchausen syndrome by proxy.
1
The nurse is asked to administer an intramuscular (IM) injection to a child. Which action by the nurse will prevent tissue shearing and provide less discomfort to the child during the procedure? 1 The nurse inserts the needle at a 90-degree angle. 2 The nurse uses a previously used injection site. 3 The nurse uses a filter needle to withdraw the medication. 4 The nurse administers the injection slowly.
1
The nurse is asked to collect a urine specimen from a preschooler. The nurse observes that the child is unable to void at the time of collection. What is the most appropriate nursing intervention in this case? 1 Offer the child a favorite juice and wait for 30 minutes. 2 Ask the parent to collect the urine and inform the nurse. 3 Have the child play with small toys or objects in the water. 4 Wipe the child's abdomen with an alcohol pad and fan it dry.
1
The nurse is teaching the parents of a child with a first-degree burn. The nurse should include which statement in the teaching? 1 "First-degree burns include the top layer of skin." 2 "First-degree burns do not cause pain sensations." 3 "First-degree burns will include blisters on the skin." 4 "First-degree burns expose muscle and bone."
1
The nurse notes erythema, pain, and edema at a child's intravenous (IV) infusion site and streaking along the vein. What is the nurse's priority action? 1 Immediately stopping the infusion 2 Checking for satisfactory blood return 3 Asking another nurse to check the IV site 4 Increasing the drip rate with normal saline for 1 minute and rechecking the site
1
The nurse obtains consent from the parents of a 15-year-old patient prior to a wrist surgery. What other action will the nurse take before the procedure begins? 1 Obtain the adolescent's assent 2 Inform the family about the surgery's side effects 3 Provide sensory-procedural information 4 Gives a detailed explanation of the illness to the family
1
The parents of a 4-year-old tell the nurse that their daughter is having frequent night terrors. Which statement by the parents indicates that the child is most likely having nightmares instead of night terrors? 1 "She can usually tell us what the dream was about." 2 "When we try to hold her, she screams even more." 3 "It happens within 30 minutes of falling asleep." 4 "She is completely unaware we are there."
1
The nurse is educating a group of parents regarding the treatment of bee stings. Which interventions will the nurse include? Select all that apply. 1 Carefully remove the stinger. 2 Apply heat to the sting. 3 Cleanse the area with soap and water. 4 Leave the stinger in the skin. 5 Administer antihistamine.
1,3,5
The nurse is providing education to parents of toddlers regarding sleep hygiene. Which should the nurse include in this teaching? Select all that apply. 1 Develop a bedtime ritual. 2 Allow the child to watch television in the bedroom. 3 Leave a cup of soda by the bed at night. 4 Provide a favorite toy with which to sleep. 5 Do not let the child nap during the day.
1,4
The triage nurse is on the phone advising a parent of a toddler who fell into a fire. Which instructions will the nurse provide? Select all that apply. 1 Remove any burned clothing. 2 Apply a wet, cool dressing to the burn. 3 Apply antibiotic ointment to the burn. 4 Cover the burn, and transport the child to a hospital. 5 Apply aloe vera to the burned areas.
1,4
A light meal is recommended for an adolescent who is prescribed 6 hours of fasting before surgery. Which dietary item should the nurse offer the adolescent? 1 Fruit pulp 2 Clear tea 3 French fries 4 Boiled egg
2
The mother of a 4-year-old explains to the nurse that her child frequently shouts while asleep, thrashing in the bed, and is unaware that she has entered the room. The child will return to sleep without incident and is unaware the next day that this has occurred. What does the nurse suspect the toddler is experiencing? 1 Enuresis 2 Nightmares 3 Night terrors 4 Narcolepsy
3
The triage nurse is speaking to a mother of a toddler with a suspected bite. The mother states that the area is warm and hard and has a star-shaped appearance. Which insect does the nurse suspect bit the child? 1 Tick 2 Mosquito 3 Brown recluse spider 4 Harvest mite
3
Decision-making regarding the care of older children and adolescents should include the patient's assent as well as the parent's consent. What is the meaning of assent in this situation? 1 Assent is the capability of making an intelligent decision. 2 Assent means that the adolescent acknowledges the parent's authority to make informed health decisions. 3 Assent applies to one who is legally under the age of maturity but recognized as having the legal capacity of an adult. 4 Assent means that the adolescent has been informed about the proposed treatment, procedure, or research and is willing to permit a health care provider to perform it.
4
The nurse is conducting preoperative teaching with a child and the parents. The parents say that the child "is dreading the shot before surgery." On which fact should the nurse's response be based? 1 Preanesthetic medication can only be given intramuscularly. 2 The child will have no memory of the injection because of amnesia. 3 In children the intramuscular route is safer than the intravenous route. 4 Preanesthetic medication should be "atraumatic," administered through the oral, existing intravenous, or rectal route.
4
What intervention by the nurse is appropriate when preparing an adolescent for a medical procedure? 1 Use nonthreatening phrases when explaining the procedure. 2 Ask the adolescent to cooperate during the procedure. 3 Plan teaching sessions not lasting more than 15 minutes. 4 Ask if the adolescent would prefer to watch the procedure.
4
What is the best way to prevent poisoning in preschoolers? 1 Consistently using safety caps 2 Keeping ipecac syrup in the home 3 Storing poisonous substances out of reach 4 Storing poisonous substances in a locked cabinet
4
A nurse is caring for a 2-year-old child for whom nothing-by-mouth status has been imposed. What intervention can the nurse use to keep the child's mouth moist? 1 Giving ice chips 2 Using mouthwash 3 Brushing the teeth often 4 Giving the child a pacifier
1
What is the minimum fasting period for clear liquids before scheduled surgery? 1 2 hours before surgery 2 6 hours before surgery 3 4 hours before surgery 4 The night before surgery, at midnight
1
What is the priority principle in treating a child who has ingested a poison? 1 Treat the child first, not the poison. 2 Remove the poison, then assess the child. 3 Establish what contributed to the poisoning. 4 Administer syrup of ipecac to treat a poisoning that occurs in the home.
1
The nurse recognizes that certain words can be interpreted as threatening to a child. What words or phrases should nurses avoid when talking to children? Select all that apply. 1 Shot 2 Tube 3 Edema 4 Sample 5 Put to sleep
1,3,5
A nurse is teaching a group of nursing students about the management of poisoning in toddlers. Which statement by the nursing student indicates the need for further explanation? 1 Activated charcoal is administered in aspirin poisoning. 2 Amyl nitrate is used as an antidote for acetaminophen poisoning. 3 Inducing emesis is contraindicated in corrosives poisoning. 4 Chelation therapy with deferoxamine is used to treat iron poisoning.
2
The emergency room nurse is caring for an unconscious toddler after an accidental poisoning. Which intervention is the nurse's priority? 1 Administer a chelating agent. 2 Establish a patent airway. 3 Initiate intravenous (IV) access. 4 Administer prophylactic antibiotics.
2
The nurse is screening children at a community health care center to detect possible metal poisoning. Part of the screening process includes asking the parents what year the house was built. The parents state that their house was built in 1960. Based on this information, for which metal should the nurse test the child? 1 Fe (iron) 2 Pb (lead) 3 Cu (copper) 4 Hg (mercury)
2
The nurse is teaching a group of parents of toddlers about burns. Which type of burn occurs as a result of being struck by lightning? 1 Chemical burn 2 Electrical burn 3 Thermal burns 4 Mechanical burns
2
A neonate underwent corrective surgery 3 days ago for esophageal atresia. The nurse notices that after gastrostomy feedings there is often a backup of feeding fluid into the tube. What is the most appropriate intervention by the nurse? 1 Position the child on the left side after feedings. 2 Leave the gastrostomy tube clamped after feedings. 3 Position the child in a supine position after feedings. 4 Leave the gastrostomy tube open and suspended after feedings.
4
How does the nurse calculate urine output for an infant using a diaper? 1 Weigh the wet diaper and record the weight. 2 Divide the weight of the dry diaper by the weight of the wet diaper. 3 Insert an indwelling urinary catheter to obtain urine output. 4 Subtract the weight of the dry diaper from the weight of the wet diaper.
4
What are some warning signs of physical abuse in children? Select all that apply. 1 Multiple fractures 2 Delay in seeking medical care 3 Similar histories given by different caregivers 4 Inappropriate affect in relation to the child's injury 5 History incompatible with the pattern or degree of injury
1,2,4,5
The nurse is teaching a parent whose child gets frequent rashes. Which substances does the nurse teach the parent can cause contact dermatitis? Select all that apply. 1 Poison ivy 2 Bubble bath 3 Cotton underwear 4 Pet dander 5 Topical corticosteroids 6 Poison oak
1,2,4,6
What are some warning signs of child abuse? Select all that apply. 1 A delay in seeking medical care 2 Physical evidence of old injuries 3 A parent who comforts the injured child 4 Significant trauma found in a child with a minor unrelated complaint 5 A reported mechanism of injury that is not possible at the child's stage of development
1,2,4,5
Arrange the order in which the nurse prepares an infant to obtain a urine specimen?
1. Wash and dry the genitalia, perineum, and surrounding skin. 2. Apply the collection bag from the perineum to the symphysis pubis. 3. Wipe the abdomen with an alcohol pad and fan it dry. 4. Apply pressure over the suprapubic area to elicit the Perez reflex.
A 24-hour urine collection is ordered for a 2-year-old child. What does the nurse understand about this procedure? 1 That the collection period begins and ends with a full bladder 2 That collection bags are required for infants and older children 3 That the collection period begins and ends with an empty bladder 4 That all urine voided in the 24 hours is saved in a container and left at room temperature
3
The nurse is caring for a preterm infant born at 36 weeks with a nasogastric tube. What is the procedure for administering more than one medication at the same time? 1 Clamping the tube for 30 seconds between medications 2 Flushing the tube between medications with clear water 3 Pushing the medications together through the nasogastric tube 4 Checking for correct placement of the nasogastric tube between medications
2
The nurse is caring for a toddler who has inhaled carbon monoxide. Which intervention is the nurse's priority of care? 1 50% oxygen via nasal cannula 2 Maintaining airway patency 3 Administration of surfactant 4 Administration of morphine sulfate
2
The nurse is assessing a 2-year-old child whose mother states the child fell off the bed. The nurse reviews the radiological report. Which type of fracture leads the nurse to suspect child abuse? 1 Multiple fractures of the skull 2 Contusion of the knee 3 No abnormalities found 4 Closed fontanels noted
1
The nurse is caring for a patient in the burn unit. Underlying structures, such as ligaments and tendons are exposed and the wound appears dull and dry. How will the nurse document the injury? 1 Full-thickness, fourth-degree burn 2 Superficial, first-degree burn 3 Partial-thickness, first-degree burn 4 Partial-thickness, second-degree burn
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The nurse is explaining to the parents of a 2-year-old burned in a house fire how the severity of the burn is calculated. How does the medical team determine the severity of a burn? 1 The percentage of body surface area 2 Measurements of each burn 3 The development of sepsis for each burn 4 The locations of each burn
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A child who ate chips of old paint at an ancestral house developed acute abdominal pain and seizures. The child is treated with intravenous ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA). What should the nurse monitor in this child? 1 Lipid profile 2 Cardiac function 3 Lung function 4 Renal function
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A heel stick for a complete blood count is ordered for a premature infant. How can the nurse help reduce the infant's pain during the procedure? 1 By elevating the foot for 5 minutes 2 By applying cool, moist compresses 3 By applying EMLA 5 minutes before the procedure 4 By encouraging skin-to-skin contact with the mother before and during the procedure
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What nursing responsibility should be fulfilled during the care of an infant with a needleless IV system? 1 Changing out the catheters every 8 hours 2 Properly disposing of the material in a sharps container 3 Using a syringe with a needle to flush the tubing every 6 hours 4 Tracing the tubing connections to the point of origin for verification
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What play activity by the nurse helps to prevent postoperative respiratory tract infection in the child? 1 Providing ice pops using the child's favorite juice 2 Squirting water into the child's mouth with a syringe 3 Encouraging the child to climb the wall with the fingers 4 Having a blowing contest with pieces of paper
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