PEDS exam 2 part 2

The nurse is providing teaching about food substitutions when cooking for the child with an allergy to eggs. Which response indicates a need for further teaching? A. "I must not feed my child eggs in any form." B. "I can use the egg white when baking, but not the yolk." C. "1 tsp yeast and 1/4 cups warm water is a substitute in baked goods." D. "1.5 Tbsp each water and oil plus 1 tsp baking powder equals one egg in a recipe."

B. "I can use the egg white when baking, but not the yolk.

The nurse is completing the physical assessment of a 12-year-old child who has a series of bruises in various stages of healing. When asked about the bruises the child appears frightened and offers inconsistent accounts about how the child got the bruises. The nurse suspects abuse. Which initial action of the nurse is most appropriate? A. Take photographs of the bruises. B. Ask the child to provide a written statement of how he or she got the bruises. C. Document the bruises and any statements made by the child relating to them. D. Interview the child's parents about the origin of the bruises. E. Interview the child's parents about the origin of the bruises.

C. Document the bruises and any statements made by the child relating to them.

The nurse is monitoring the CD4 count of an infant who has contracted HIV from the mother in utero. The nurse is concerned that treatment with antiretroviral therapy is not effective when noting which CD4 level? A. 1900/mm3 B. 1700/mm3 C. 1500/mm3 D. 1300/mm3

D. 1300/mm3

The nurse is preparing to post a sign above the crib of an infant with a Wilms tumor. Which statement should the nurse post immediately? A. "Do not palpate abdomen." B. "No intramuscular injections." C. "No milk or milk products allowed." D. "No blood sampling in lower extremities."

A. "Do not palpate abdomen."

The adoptive parents of a child who is 7 years old and HIV positive are concerned about telling their child about his condition. What information can be provided by the nurse? A. The child should not have information about their health provided at this age. B. Children at this age should have full disclosure of their condition. C. When providing health information to a child of this age it should be simplistic and at the child's level of understanding. D. Once a child is apprised of their health concerns they do not normally experience any after affects.

C. When providing health information to a child of this age it should be simplistic and at the child's level of understanding.

The nurse is caring for a 12-month-old child diagnosed with an autism spectrum disorder. What information from the mother during the health history should the nurse identify as being consistent with the disorder? A. The child speaks in complete sentences. B. The child sleeps at least 12 out of every 24 hours. C. The child responds warmly to the father but not to the mother. D. The child constantly stares at a rotating wheel on the crib mobile.

D. The child constantly stares at a rotating wheel on the crib mobile.

An 11-year-old boy has recently been prescribed methylphenidate. The mother calls the pediatrician's office to speak with the advanced practice pediatric nurse practitioner. This mother has been extremely resistant to medication and insists that the medication is not working. How should the nurse respond? A. "Tell me what makes you think the medication is not working" B. "Do you want to try a different medication?" C. "Are you sure you are administering it properly" D. "Do you want to increase the dosage?"

A. "Tell me what makes you think the medication is not working"

A child is to receive an oral corticosteroid as part of the treatment regimen for leukemia. After teaching the child and family about this drug, the nurse determines the need for additional teaching when they state: A. "We should administer the drug on an empty stomach." B. "We should check our son's urine for glucose." C. "He might develop a rounded face from this drug." D. "We will need to gradually decrease the dosage."

A. "We should administer the drug on an empty stomach."

A 9-year-old child with leukemia is scheduled to undergo an allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplant. When teaching the child and parents, what information would the nurse include? A. "We'll need to have a match to a donor." B. "The risk for rejection is much less with this type of transplant." C. "You won't need to receive the high doses of chemotherapy before the transplant." D. "You'll need to have an incision in your hip area to instill the cells."

A. "We'll need to have a match to a donor."

Which nursing intervention is priority when caring for a child with HIV? A. Administer prescribed medications. B. Assist the child with daily activities. C. Assess pain after invasive procedures. D. Review laboratory CD4 counts daily.

A. Administer prescribed medications

Antiemetics are ordered to control nausea and vomiting in the child undergoing chemotherapy. How can the nurse most effectively use these medications? A. Administer the antiemetic before starting chemotherapy B. Provide the antiemetic as needed (PRN) when nausea and vomiting are reported C. Use the antiemetic after it is clear that nonpharmacologic methods are not effective D. Start the antiemetic on a scheduled basis when the chemotherapy begins to cause nausea

A. Administer the antiemetic before starting chemotherapy

A child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is prescribed methylphenidate hydrochloride. What should the nurse instruct the parents regarding an adverse effect of this medication? A. Anorexia B. Sleepiness C. Garbled speech D. Rapid increase in height

A. Anorexia

The nurse is assessing a 10-year-old girl with acute lymphoblastic leukemia. What information would lead the nurse to suspect that the cancer has infiltrated the central nervous system? A. Child reports of facial palsy and vision problems B. Observing petechiae, purpura, or unusual bruising C. Noting adventitious breath sounds during auscultation D. Palpation of abdomen reveals enlarged liver and spleen

A. Child reports of facial palsy and vision problems

The nurse is performing a physical examination of a 5-year-old boy. Which documented findings would most strongly indicate maltreatment of the child? Select all that apply. A. Cuts and bruises on the hands B. Burns on the dorsal surface of the hand C. A curved laceration on the back D. Linear lesions across the chest and abdomen E. A bruise on the child's knee F. A scab on the child's elbow

A. Cuts and bruises on the hands B. Burns on the dorsal surface of the hand C. A curved laceration on the back D. Linear lesions across the chest and abdomen

A child receiving chemotherapy is experiencing significant reduction in red blood cells secondary to myelosuppression. Which agent would the nurse most likely expect to be ordered? A. Epoetin alfa B. Filgrastim C. Sargramostim D. Gamma interfero

A. Epoetin alfa

The nurse identifies the nursing diagnosis of risk for infection related to chemotherapy-induced immunosuppression. What would the nurse include in the teaching plan for the child and parents about reducing the child's risk? Select all that apply. A. Having the child sleep in a single bed and room B. Encouraging frequent, thorough handwashing C. Providing a low-carbohydrate, low-protein diet D. Encouraging frequent close contact with numerous visitors E. Cheering up the environment with fresh flowers and plants

A. Having the child sleep in a single bed and room B. Encouraging frequent, thorough handwashing

Which nursing diagnosis will the nurse select as appropriate for the child with atopic dermatitis? Select all that apply. A. Impaired skin integrity related to skin barrier function B. Delayed growth related to chronicity of immune disorder C. Ineffective breathing pattern related to allergic bronchospasm D. Anxiety related to continuing or uncontrolled allergic response E. Powerlessness related to difficulty determining cause of allergy

A. Impaired skin integrity related to skin barrier function D. Anxiety related to continuing or uncontrolled allergic response E. Powerlessness related to difficulty determining cause of allergy

The nurse is reviewing the immunization schedule with the parent of a child who is HIV positive. What information should the nurse provide? Select all that apply. A. Pneumococcal vaccination can be given. B. The child should receive live vaccines only. C. The human papillomavirus vaccine should not be given. D. The varicella vaccine should not be given if the child is symptomatic. E. If the CD4 count is low, the measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine should not be given.

A. Pneumococcal vaccination can be given. D. The varicella vaccine should not be given if the child is symptomatic. E. If the CD4 count is low, the measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine should not be given.

A 17-year-old girl has been diagnosed with bulimia nervosa. Which complication should the nurse carefully assess for in this client? A. Severe erosion of teeth B. Hypertension C. Diabetes mellitus D. Atherosclerosis

A. Severe erosion of teeth

The nurse is conducting an assessment of a 5-year-old client. During the assessment, the nurse notes that the child does not maintain eye contract or speak. The nurse suspects an autism spectrum disorder. Which additional finding would help support the nurse's suspicion? A. The child constantly opens and closes the hands. B. The child is highly active and inattentive. C. The child has a slight decrease in head circumference. D. The child has a long face and prominent jaw.

A. The child constantly opens and closes the hands.

The nurse is caring for a child who has been hospitalized for maltreatment. When reviewing the child's records which findings may have placed the child at an increased risk for abuse? Select all that apply. A. The child's mother has a history of substance use disorder. B. Both parents work outside of the home. C. The child was born prematurely. D. The child has cerebral palsy. E. The child's father is the primary care taker.

A. The child's mother has a history of substance use disorder C. The child was born prematurely. D. The child has cerebral palsy.

After an assessment, the nurse is concerned that a school-age child is at risk for developing a mental health disorder. Which assessment data will the nurse use to develop an appropriate plan care? Select all that apply. A. The parents recently divorced B. The father is unemployed and mother is infrequently home C. The child is learning to play the clarinet in music class in school D. The child is expected to care for younger siblings while mother sleeps E. There is history of multiple injuries obtained from a motor vehicle crash

A. The parents recently divorced B. The father is unemployed and mother is infrequently home D. The child is expected to care for younger siblings while mother sleeps E. There is history of multiple injuries obtained from a motor vehicle crash

A 7-year-old child is rushed into the emergency room after being stung by a yellow jacket. The child is nauseated and vomiting and is experiencing itching and swelling on the arm where stung. The is having trouble breathing. Which type of hypersensitivity response is the child experiencing? A. Type I: anaphylaxis B. Type II: cytotoxic response C. Type III: immune complex D. Type IV: cell-mediated hypersensitivity

A. Type I: anaphylaxis

A nursing instructor teaching a class about immunity asks the students to identify the organs of the immune system. Which would the nursing instructor want them to include? (Select all that apply.) A. lymph nodes B. bone marrow C. thymus D. liver E. spleen F. tonsils

A. lymph nodes B. bone marrow C. thymus E. spleen F. tonsils

The nurse has completed an education session with parents of children diagnosed with food allergies. Which statement by a parent would indicate a need for additional education? A. "I will make sure my daughter always has her EpiPen® with her all the time." B. "If we need to use the EpiPen® we will need to notify her physician's office the next business day." C. "I have found a website that makes medical alert bracelets in my daughter's favorite color." D. "The grey part of the EpiPen® should never be removed until right before we use it."

B. "If we need to use the EpiPen® we will need to notify her physician's office the next business day."

A child receiving chemotherapy wants to have a large birthday party and invite all the classmates. When the parent asks the nurse about this, what is the nurse's best response? A. "That will be a good way to cheer your child up!" B. "It is better to avoid large groups right now." C. "What about taking your child to a movie instead?" D. "We can have the party here in the hospital play room."

B. "It is better to avoid large groups right now."

An adolescent client has just been diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Following client education about the disease, which statement by the client demonstrates understanding of SLE? A. "SLE is a rheumatic disease that mostly affects my joints." B. "SLE is an autoimmune disorder that I will always have, with times of flare- ups and times of minimal to no symptoms." C. "If my SLE has been found early enough in the disease process, there is a good chance that medication can cure it." D. "SLE only affects my skin. It seldom causes problems in any other organs."

B. "SLE is an autoimmune disorder that I will always have, with times of flare- ups and times of minimal to no symptoms."

The nurse is instructing parents on how atopic disorders affect the child. For which disorder would the nurse provide information and counseling? Select all that apply. A. Serum sickness B. Allergic rhinitis C. Asthma D. Eczema E. Hay fever

B. Allergic rhinitis C. Asthma D. Eczema E. Hay fever

A young client is admitted to the hospital directly from the clinic. The physician suspects a problem with the child's immune system. What test does the nurse anticipate the physician will order for this client? A. Urine analysis B. Blood analysis C. EKG D. X-ray

B. Blood analysis

The nurse is recording vital signs in the client diagnosed with complications of anorexia nervosa. Which findings are consistent with the condition? Select all that apply. A. Hyperthermia B. Orthostatic hypotension C. Weak pulse D. Hypertension E. Hypothermia

B. Orthostatic hypotension C. Weak pulse E. Hypothermia

An extremely thin preadolescent is being assessed by the nurse. Which client statement should the nurse identify as being consistent with that of a person with anorexia nervosa? A. "I'd like to grow up to be a model." B. "I'd like to gain weight but just can't." C. "I feel chubby no matter what I wear." D. "I'm afraid that someone is poisoning my food."

C. "I feel chubby no matter what I wear.

A nurse is assessing a child for possible obsessive-compulsive disorder. Which question would be most helpful for obtaining information from the child? A. "Are you having any recurring dreams about the trauma you experienced?" B. "Has anything happened at home recently that has upset you?" C. "Is there anything that you do over and over again and can't resist doing?" D. "Do you have times when you wake up during the night without any reason?"

C. "Is there anything that you do over and over again and can't resist doing?"

A 16-year-old child suffering from alopecia related to chemotherapy treatment is refusing to let friends visit. Which action by the nurse is most appropriate? A. Respect the child's wishes and document refusal B. Have the parents explain the importance of letting friends visit C. Provide opportunities for the child to discuss his or her body image changes D. Allow friends to visit because socialization is important for adolescents

C. Provide opportunities for the child to discuss his or her body image changes

The mother of a 2-month-old infant questions the nurse about autism. She reports a close family member has a child with this disorder and she is concerned about her child. What information can be provided to the child's mother? Select all that apply. A. "The cause of autism is largely considered to be related to immunizations administered in infancy." B. "Concerns are often noted as early as 3 to 6 months of age." C. "Once your child begins to speak it will be easier to make a determination." D. "In infancy a lack of loving behaviors such as cuddling is concerning." E. "Infants who are on the autism spectrum may have difficulty establishing or maintaining eye contact."

D. "In infancy a lack of loving behaviors such as cuddling is concerning." E. "Infants who are on the autism spectrum may have difficulty establishing or maintaining eye contact."

The nurse is caring for a child and notes periorbital edema on the left eye with urticaria. Which action by the nurse is priority? A. Administer a corticosteroid. B. Ask if the child has allergies. C. Evaluate fluid volume status. D. Assess lung sounds bilaterally

D. Assess lung sounds bilaterally

An adolescent is recovering from surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy following a diagnosis of Ewing sarcoma. Which statement by the family indicates that reteaching is needed? A. "Our child is looking forward to playing football again." B. "We will remind our child to care for the skin following radiation." C. "Our child's friends shaved their heads in solidarity to show their support." D. "We will watch for signs of infection and report it to our health care provider."

A. "Our child is looking forward to playing football again."

A 10-year-old who is receiving chemotherapy has received ondansetron before this therapy session. About an hour later, the child tells the nurse that his mouth feels really dry. The child has urinated several times and his skin turgor is normal. Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate? A. "The drug you got to help with the nausea can cause dry mouth." B. "Let me increase your intravenous fluids." C. "You might be having a severe allergic reaction. Are you itchy?" D. "This indicates an infection. We need to start antibiotics."

A. "The drug you got to help with the nausea can cause dry mouth."

A nurse is teaching the parents of a child diagnosed with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder about the condition. The nurse determines that the teaching was successful when the parents make which statements? Select all that apply. A. "We need to set clear limits for our child's behavior." B. "A reward system would be useful to give our child positive feedback." C. "We need to limit the number of choices our child has." D. "We need to give our child all directions at once in case the child gets distracted." E. "If the child acts out, we can explain that this is being bad."

A. "We need to set clear limits for our child's behavior." B. "A reward system would be useful to give our child positive feedback." C. "We need to limit the number of choices our child has."

A nurse is communicating with a family about palliative care. Which of the following would be the best approach to take? A. Ask the family what they know, what they wish to know and be prepared to repeat the information you give to them several times B. Give the family as much information as possible to promote better decision-making C. Provide information during a crisis when the parent's senses are heightened and memory is improved D. Avoid pushing the family by asking too many questions

A. Ask the family what they know, what they wish to know and be prepared to repeat the information you give to them several times

The nurse is preparing a discharge teaching plan for the parents of an 8-year-old girl with leukemia. Which instruction would be the priority? A. Calling the doctor if the child gets a sore throat B. Keeping a written copy of the treatment plan C. Writing down phone numbers and appointments D. Using acetaminophen if the child needs an analgesic

A. Calling the doctor if the child gets a sore throat

During a routine well-child visit, the mother of a preadolescent patient asks the nurse to explain signs of sexual abuse. The mother is concerned because an older male neighbor has been making comments and overtly admiring the child when playing outdoors. What signs of sexual abuse should the nurse tell the mother to look out for? Select all that apply. A. Child reports abdominal pain. B. Child has a change in school performance. C. Child demonstrates anxiety or trouble sleeping. D. Child does not want to be left alone with a certain adult. E. Child spends a great deal of time with peer-group friends.

A. Child reports abdominal pain. B. Child has a change in school performance. C. Child demonstrates anxiety or trouble sleeping. D. Child does not want to be left alone with a certain adult.

The nurse is reviewing the medical record of a child with a mental health disorder and finds that the child is receiving cognitive behavioral therapy. How does the nurse interprets this information? A. Process that requires the individual to view a situation from a different perspective B. Interventions that address family dynamics and family coping C. Individual exploration of the person's conflicts and stressors D. Use of play to explore problems, issues, and conflicts

A. Process that requires the individual to view a situation from a different perspective

Nursing students correctly label the group of cells whose job is to ingest, engulf, and neutralize pathogens as: A. macrophages. B. immunogens. C. immunoglobins. D. red blood cells.

A. macrophages

The client has been prescribed antihistamines and a round of corticosteroids to treat an allergic reaction to an unknown food source. Which statement by the client indicates he understands the allergic condition and medication regimen? A. "The antihistamine will help the nasal swelling I am having." B. "Corticosteroids help the inflammation that goes along with an allergy." C. "I can stop taking my steroids as soon as I feel better in a couple of days." D. "I may have to undergo intradermal testing to determine what I am allergic to." E. "Once we figure out what I am allergic to, it is important for me to avoid that allergen."

B. "Corticosteroids help the inflammation that goes along with an allergy." D. "I may have to undergo intradermal testing to determine what I am allergic to." E. "Once we figure out what I am allergic to, it is important for me to avoid that allergen."

A 6-year-old is dealing with the death of a sibling. Which action should the nurse suggest to the family to best support the child with the grieving process? A. Having the child stay with a family friend instead of attending the funeral B. Assisting the child in drawing a picture to be placed in the sibling's casket C. Having the sibling stand in the receiving line with the parents at the funeral home D. Discouraging the child from interacting with family and friends while they express their sympathy

B. Assisting the child in drawing a picture to be placed in the sibling's casket

A 6-month-old girl is seen with retinoblastoma. When taking a health history from her father, which symptom would you expect him to report he has noticed? A. The infant always keeps her eyes tightly closed. B. He has noticed one pupil appears white. C. His daughter tugs and pulls at one ear. D. His daughter's eye appears to be protruding.

B. He has noticed one pupil appears white.

A nurse is assessing a 5-year-old boy and suspects that the child may have an autism spectrum disorder. Which assessments would help support the nurse's suspicions? Select all that apply. A. Inability to make eye contact B. Hypersensitivity to touch C. Lack of facial expression D. Distinct interest in others around him E. Easily distracted from playing

B. Hypersensitivity to touch C. Lack of facial expression

A nurse is providing care to a toddler with nephroblastoma and is being evaluated. Which nursing action would be most important? A. Restricting the child's visitors B. Placing a "no abdominal palpation" sign above the child's bed C. Ensuring that the child be allowed nothing by mouth D. Preparing the child for chemotherapy E. Preventing weight-bearing activities

B. Placing a "no abdominal palpation" sign above the child's bed

A child is receiving chemotherapy and develops stomatitis. The nurse identifies a nursing diagnosis of impaired oral mucous membranes related to the effects of chemotherapy. What instructions would the nurse include in the child's plan of care? Select all that apply. A. Vigorously rub the child's gums with gauze to clean them. B. Provide various soft and bland foods to minimize further irritation. C. Have the child rinse the mouth with lukewarm water three times a day. D. Give the child acidic foods (e.g., orange juice) to cleanse the mouth. E. Apply a lip balm or petroleum jelly to prevent cracking.

B. Provide various soft and bland foods to minimize further irritation. C. Have the child rinse the mouth with lukewarm water three times a day E. Apply a lip balm or petroleum jelly to prevent cracking.

The child has a peanut allergy and accidentally ate food that contained peanuts. Which clinical manifestations of anaphylaxis should the nurse expect to find? Select all that apply. A. The child's pulse is 52 beats per minute. B. The child states that his tongue feels "too big" for his mouth. C. The child has developed hives on his face and trunk. D. The child states he feels like he might "throw up". E. The child states that he feels like he might faint.

B. The child states that his tongue feels "too big" for his mouth. C. The child has developed hives on his face and trunk. D. The child states he feels like he might "throw up". E. The child states that he feels like he might faint.

The nurse is preparing an educational program for members of the office staff. The topic is the warning signs of primary immunodeficiency. What information should be included? Select all apply. A. Two or more new episodes of acute otitis media in 1 year. B. Two or more episodes of severe sinusitis in 1 year. C. Failure to thrive in an infant. D. Two or more serious infections such as sepsis. E. History of infections requiring IV antibiotics to clear.

B. Two or more episodes of severe sinusitis in 1 year. C. Failure to thrive in an infant. D. Two or more serious infections such as sepsis. E. History of infections requiring IV antibiotics to clear.

For which child's behavior should the nurse identify as being characteristic of separation anxiety disorder? A. An 8-month-old who cries when left with strangers B. A 7-year-old who withdraws from contact with all strangers C. An 8-year-old who will not stay overnight at a friend's house D. A 10-year-old who reports headaches if there is to be a test in school

C. An 8-year-old who will not stay overnight at a friend's house

A high-school football player has been diagnosed as having osteosarcoma of the femur. The parents are angry because they told the adolescent not to play football. Which health teaching points would the nurse include in the teaching plan for the adolescent and parents? A. Osteosarcoma often follows trauma, such as a football injury. B. You can expect some discoloration of the leg following chemotherapy. C. Football injuries do not contribute to the development of a tumor. D. Tumor growth is related to your dislike of milk.

C. Football injuries do not contribute to the development of a tumor.

A preschooler who received chemotherapy in the pediatric oncology outpatient department 1 week ago now has a temperature of 101.5°F (38.6°C). Which is the most appropriate response by the nurse? A. Tell the parent to administer acetaminophen every 4 hours until the fever dissipates. B. Ask whether any family members or other close associates are ill. C. Have the parent bring the child to the pediatric oncology clinic as soon as possible. D. Instruct the parent to immediately obtain and give the antibiotic that the oncologist will order.

C. Have the parent bring the child to the pediatric oncology clinic as soon as possible

A child with allergic rhinitis is prescribed a nasal antihistamine spray. When advising the parents about the use of the sprays, what should the nurse explain about the rebound phenomenon? A. It causes a permanent increase in nasal secretions. B. It causes reflux of gastric contents into the esophagus. C. It causes an increase in nasal secretions after an initial decrease. D. It causes a decrease in histamine release after an initial increase.

C. It causes an increase in nasal secretions after an initial decrease.

The nurse is caring for a pediatric client who has a compromised immune system. When reviewing laboratory results, which bone marrow component identifies a dysfunction in bone marrow production? Select all that apply. A. Macrophages B. Antigens C. T lymphocytes D. B lymphocytes E. Haptens

C. T lymphocytes D. B lymphocytes

A nurse is conducting a physical examination of a 12-year-old girl with suspected systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). How would the nurse best interview the girl? A. "Do you notice any wheezing when you breathe or a runny nose?" B. "Do you have any shoulder pain or abdominal tenderness?" C. "Have you noticed any new bruising or different color patterns on your skin?" D. "Have you noticed any hair loss or redness on your face?"

D. "Have you noticed any hair loss or redness on your face?"

The nurse is assessing a 30-month-old child during a routine well-child visit. Which statement by the parent would alert the nurse to further assess for a learning disorder? A. "My child seems to prefer playing with certain toys and will not play with other toys very much." B. "My child likes a certain type of food and does not want to try new foods very often." C. "My child gets restless when we go to a restaurant to eat and we have to wait for our food." D. "My child does not say more than one or two words and grunts to indicate needs."

D. "My child does not say more than one or two words and grunts to indicate needs."

The nurse is educating the parents of a 6-year-old boy about his learning disorder. Which of the following facts would the nurse integrate into the discussion? A. Learning disorders indicate lower intelligence. B. Learning disorders are synonymous with learning deficits. C. The disorder requires comprehensive special education. D. The disorder is caused by a difference in brain architecture

D. The disorder is caused by a difference in brain architecture

The nurse realizes that the chemotherapy agents and radiation that a child is receiving are likely to irritate the bladder. What are the best measures that the nurse can take to diminish this risk? A. Administer chemotherapy during sleep periods, including naps and overnight B. Have the child wait to void until the bladder becomes full C. Keep intravenous (IV) fluids running to maintain excellent hydration and frequent voids D. Promote drinking of cranberry juice, making it an attractive oral fluid option

Keep intravenous (IV) fluids running to maintain excellent hydration and frequent voids