Peds TB exam 1
After teaching a group of nursing students about developmental milestones for children, between the ages of 1 to 4 years, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the students identify which of the following as a gross motor developmental milestone that occurs between 2 to 3 years of age? A. Jumping in place B. Riding a tricycle C. Climbing D. Standing on one foot with help
A
Patty calls the hospital nursing hotline and asks, "My 8-week-old daughter cries 8 hours a day, and she is hard to console, is that normal?" What should the nurse's response be to this mother? A. "Let me ask you some more questions to see if there are symptoms of colic." B. "Yes, infants cry all the time at that age." C. "No, call your doctor." D. "Yes, maybe she is just tired."
A
The nurse is assessing a 6-month-old child. The mother asks when the soft area in her child's head will go away. What is the best response by the nurse? A. "The area is called the anterior fontanel and typically closes anytime up to 18 months of age." B. "Soft spots on the child's head should have closed by now." C. "The area is called a fontanel. They remain open to allow for rapid brain growth in the first months of life." D. "The soft spots may stay open until your child is two or three years old."
A
The nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to the mother of a 9-month-old girl during a well-baby visit. Which topic would be most appropriate? A. Advising how to create a toddler-safe home B. Warning about small objects left on the floor C. Cautioning about putting the baby in a walker D. Instructing on safety procedures during baths
A
A mother is concerned that her 2-year-old child is having seizures. He holds his breath until he passes out when he wants something his mother does not want him to have. How should the nurse respond to this mother's concern? A. Seizures rarely occur in toddlers B. With seizures, cyanosis rarely develops. C. Seizures are not provoked; temper tantrums are. D. Seizures typically occur with fever; temper tantrums do not.
C
The infant weighs 7 lb 4 oz (3,248 g) at birth. If the infant is following a normal pattern of growth, what would be the expected weight for this child at the age of 12 months? A. 14 lb 8 oz (6.6 kg) B. 21 lb 12 oz (9.9 kg) C. 25 lb (11.3 kg) D. 28 lb 4 oz (12.8 kg)
B
The mother of a 1-month-old infant voices concern about her baby's respirations. She states they are rapid and irregular. Which information should the nurse provide? A. The normal respiratory rate for an infant at this age is between 20 and 30 breaths per minute. B. The respirations of a 1-month-old infant are normally irregular and periodically pause. C. An infant at this age should have regular respirations. D. The irregularity of the infant's respirations are concerning; I will notify the physician.
B
Which developmental milestone would the nurse expect an 11-month-old infant to have achieved? A. Sitting independently B. Walking independently C. Building a tower of four cubes D. Turning a doorknob
A
The nurse is assessing a 6-week-old infant in the clinic. Which characteristic represents normal language development for this age? A. Cooing B. Laughing out loud C. Babbling D. Producing noises when spoken to
C
A group of nursing students are reviewing information about growth and development during infancy. The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which of the following as characteristic of a 10-month-old infant? Select all that apply. A. Understands the word "no" B. Tilts head backward to see up C. Stands alone D. Exhibits stranger anxiety E. Waves hands
A, B, C
A nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to parents of a 3-year-old about nutrition and finger foods. Which of the following would be most appropriate for the nurse to suggest? Select all that apply A. Diced fruit B. Shredded cheese C. Cereal D. Grapes E. Chunks of carrots
A, B, C
The nurse determines that a 20-month old is in Piaget's sensorimotor stage of cognitive development. Which actions support this assessment? Select all that apply. A. The child has an imaginary playmate B. The child has a limited concept of time. C. The child demonstrates egocentricity. D. The child understands instructions literally E. The child imitates others' behaviors at a later time
A, B, C
The nurse is assessing the parents interacting with their infant. Which of the following would indicate to the nurse that attachment is occurring? Select all that apply. A. Parents make eye-to-eye contact. Parents hold the baby close to the body. B. Parents talk to the baby while holding the baby C. Parents refrain from inspecting the baby's body. D. Parents avoid snuggling with the baby.
A, B, C
The parents of a 2 year old are concerned because the toddler only says a few words. What strategies should the nurse suggest to the parents? Select all that apply. A. Read books aloud to the toddler. B. Name aloud the objects being played with. C. Always answer questions using correct grammar. D. Have the toddler watch educational television. E. Use pronouns when speaking. F. Use baby talk when speaking.
A, B, C
A mother of a 2-year-old asks the nurse, "What would be a good between-meal snack?" What foods would be appropriate for the nurse to suggest? Select all that apply. A. Pieces of apples B. Orange slices C. Cheese D. Cookies E. Yogurt
A, B, C, E
In providing anticipatory guidance related to choking hazards for infants, what should the nurse include in the teaching? Select all that apply. A. Propping a bottle B. Raw carrots C. Shape sorter D. Plastic bags E. Stuffed animals
A, B, D
The nurse is admitting a 12-month-old to the medical unit. During the admission process the parents tell the nurse that their child is very advanced because he says "ball" when he picks up a football. How should the nurse respond? A. "He really isn't any more advanced than most 12-month-old children." B. "That is great that he is recognizing objects and is able to name them. He is right on target for language skills." C. "If he were advanced in language skills he would be putting several words together to form short sentences." D. "Parents usually think their child is far more advanced than other children."
B
When assessing the oral cavity of a 2 1/2-year-old toddler, which finding is expected? A. 12 deciduous teeth B. 20 deciduous teeth C. 16 deciduous and 2 permanent teeth D. 6 deciduous and 12 permanent teeth
B
The mother of a 2 year old asks the nurse, "How can I help to foster my child's language skills?" Which of the following would be most appropriate for the nurse to suggest? Select all that apply. A. Accepting the child's "no" as indicating actual refusal B. Reading to the child often C. Naming objects as they are used with the child D. Answering the child's questions in simple terms E. Supplying things to the child before he or she asks for them
B, C, D
A 2-year-old child is shopping with her mother when she suddenly falls to the ground and begins to scream, "I want it!" over and over regarding a bag of candy. What would the nurse recommend to the mother to deal with this behavior? Select all that apply. A. Reason with the toddler and explain that the candy is not nutritious for her. B. Remain calm and ignore the tantrum. C. Do not reward the behavior by giving into the toddler's demands and buying the candy D. Pick the toddler up and take her to the restroom for a spanking. E. Pick the toddler up and move her to a safe environment but do not give in to her desires.
B, C, E
The parent of a 20-month-old toddler reports the toddler has been becoming distraught when the parent leaves. The parent asks the nurse for advice about what is going on and how to best manage it. What information can be provided? Select all that apply. A. "This is actually a regression for your toddler because separation anxiety normally occurs in infancy." B. "This is a normal happening for a toddler of this age." C. "As your toddler begins to learn that you will return the toddler will become less upset." D. "Your care providers may be frightening to your toddler." E. "Establishing a routine for saying goodbye to your toddler will be helpful."
B, C, E
A new mother reports that she is exhausted and that the little sleep she gets is determined by her baby. Which suggestion should the nurse prioritize to help the mother establish healthy sleeping patterns in her infant? A. Put the baby to bed at various times of the evening. B. Let the baby cry during the night and she will eventually fall back to sleep. C. Use the crib for sleeping only, not for play activities. D. Wake the baby from afternoon naps after 1 hour to ensure she is sleepy by nighttime.
C
A nurse is working with a preceptor in a well-baby clinic that deals with children aged birth to 12 years old. During the routine physical assessment of a 2-year-old, the nurse identifies which finding as being abnormal for this age group? A. heart rate of 92 beats/min, regular B. Respiration rate of 20 bpm, abdominal breathing noted C. Blood pressure of 116/80 mm Hg D. Wears diapers since not potty trained
C
The nurse is providing anticipatory guidance to a mother to help promote healthy sleep for her 3-week-old baby. Which recommended guideline might be included in the teaching plan? A. Place the baby on a soft mattress with a firm, flat pillow for the head. B. Place the head of the bed near the window to provide fresh air, weather permitting. C. Place the baby on his or her back when sleeping. D. If the baby sleeps through the night, wake him or her up for the night feeding.
C
The nurse is providing education to a teen mother about her 20-month-old daughter's growth. The teen says her daughter seems to have such a big head. What information should the nurse include in the response? A. Some children have large heads but that does not signal a problem. B. Explain that the child looks normal. C. Share that the heads of children at this age are large in proportion to the rest of their body. D. Teach the mother that this larger head than body appearance will be this way until the child is about 6 years old.
C
The nurse takes a call from a concerned mother whose infant received routine immunizations the day before and now has a temperature of 101oF (38.3oC), is fussy and pulling at the injection site. The mother wants to know what she should do. Which is the best response from the nurse to this mother? A. "You need to bring the baby to the emergency department to be sure he is not having an allergic reaction." B. "All babies have similar reactions but you should call back if he is still fussy in 24 hours." C. "This is a common reaction. Give your child acetaminophen, cuddle him, and apply a cool compress to the injection site." D. "You can give your child ice cold fluids and cover the injection site so that he doesn't scratch the site and get it infected."
C
A 6-month-old girl weighs 14.7 pounds (6.7 kg) during a scheduled check-up. Her birth weight was 8 pounds (3.6 kg). What is the priority nursing intervention? A. Talking about solid food consumption B. Discouraging daily fruit juice intake C. Increasing the number of breast-feedings D. Discussing the child's feeding patterns
D
The mother of a toddler is frustrated because no matter what she asks of the child, the response is "no." What can the nurse suggest to the mother to assist with this problem? A. Pretend she does not hear the child. B. Ask no further questions to the child. C. Tell the child to never to say "no" again. D. Give the child secondary, not primary, choices.
D
A 5-month-old infant being assessed was born at 32 weeks. The nurse doing the well-child check-up should compare the baby to what norms? A. The development of a 3-month-old B. The development of a 10-week-old C. The growth of a 2-month-old D. The growth of a 5-month-old
A
A child is refusing to use the potty and having accidents, even though he has achieved toilet training. This is an example of which type of behavior? A. Regression B. Positive redirection C. Desensitization D. Phobia
A
A father brings his 2-year-old son in for a well visit. The nurse assesses his growth since the last appointment. Which finding should concern the nurse? A. Total weight gain of 15 lb in the past year B. Increase in height of 5 inches in the past year C. Prominent abdomen D. Forward curve of the spine at the sacral area
A
A new mother, when asked by a nurse, explains that her 4-month-old infant has been nursing regularly every 3 to 4 hours and seems satisfied. However, the mother recently introduced solid food in the form of unbuttered popcorn to the baby as a supplement, to "get her used to eating solid food." She felt that the popcorn would be safe because it is soft on the baby's gums. What should be the primary nursing diagnosis in this situation? A. Risk for aspiration related to feeding the infant an inappropriate food B. Imbalanced nutrition, less than body requirements, related to introduction of a low nutritive food C. Readiness for enhanced nutrition, related to the age of the infant D. Imbalanced nutrition, more than body requirements, related to introduction of a high-calorie food
A
A nurse is teaching parents of a 2-year-old child about discipline and limit setting. When describing the use of time out, the nurse would inform the parents that the maximum duration of time out should be how many minutes per each year of age? A. 1 minute B. 30 seconds C. 90 seconds D. 2 minutes
A
The nurse is reinforcing teaching with a group of caregivers related to the nutritional needs of the infant. One caregiver asks why the 6-month-old infant needs to have solid foods when breast milk is such a good source of nutrition. What would be the best response by the nurse? A. "Milk will not fully provide the child's needs for iron, which is found in solid foods." B. "By this age the child becomes interested in trying new skills." C. "The extrusion reflex must be developed and feeding solid foods will help the child to develop this reflex." D. "Breastfeeding will become painful when the child gets more teeth, so the infant needs to eat solid foods."
A
The parents of an 8-month-old boy voice concern to the nurse that their child is not developing motor skills as he should. What question would be appropriate for the nurse to ask in determining if their fears are warranted? A. "Does he move a toy back and forth from one hand to the other when you give it to him?" B. "Does he place toys into a box or container and take them out?" C. "Is he able to drink with a cup by himself?" D. "Is he able to hold a pencil and scribble on paper?"
A
The parents of twin 2-year-old toddlers are asking the nurse how to discipline the children. It seems they feed off one another's feelings and many times get into fights over everything. When giving advice about discipline, which statement should be shared with the parents? Select all that apply. A. The rule with time out is tell the child why they are going to time out and keep it to 1 minute per year of age. B. Warnings about going to time out should not be done. If the child breaks a rule, send them directly to time out. C. The discipline the parents choose should be consistent for every time the child breaks the same rule. D. If possible, try to praise correct behavior rather than punish wrong behavior. E. It is normal for children to hit their friends if the friend takes one of their toys, so the friend should be warned not to take toys that are being played with.
A, C, D
The nurse is completing a physical assessment of a 15-month-old Which objective data would the nurse document as normal findings? Select all that apply. A. Heart rate of 100 beats per minute B. Predominance of baby fat C. Sunken abdomen D. Lordosis E. Waddling gait
A, D, E
The nurse is assessing the respiratory system of a newborn. Which anatomic differences place the infant at risk for respiratory compromise? Select all that apply. A. The nasal passages are narrower. B. The trachea and chest wall are less compliant. C. The bronchi and bronchioles are shorter and wider. D. The larynx is more funnel shaped. E. The tongue is smaller. F. There are significantly fewer alveoli.
A, D, F
A toddler's mother reports that her child will only eat peanut butter and jelly sandwiches for several days in a row. The child will then refuse to eat them for several weeks. Which term would the nurse use to document this behavior? A. Physiologic anorexia B. Echolalia C. Food jag D. Egocentrism
C
The mother of a 3-month-old baby is concerned because the child is not able to sit independently. How should the nurse respond to this mother's concern? A. Most babies sit steadily at 3 months. B. Most babies sit steadily at 4 months. C. Most babies do not sit steadily until 8 months. D. Sitting ability and the age of first tooth eruption are correlated.
C
