Penny Review: Bile ducts
The biliary duct wall should never measure more than : a) 2 mm b) 9 mm c) 4 mm d) 5 mm
2 mm
A congenital disease in which there is narrowing or obliteration of the bile ducts is referred to as : a) Caroli's dz b) Mirizzi Syndrome c) Choledochal Cyst d) biliary atresia
Biliary atresia
The presence of an echogenic dot in the non-dependent part of a dilated duct representing small fibrovascular bundles is seen with: a) Caroli Dz b) choledochal cyst c) biliary atresia d)Mirizzi syndrome
Caroli dz
The yellowish staining of the whites of the eyes and the skin secondary to a liver disorder or biliary obstruction is referred to as : a) AIDS cholangitis b) pruritis c) jaundice d) bilirubinemia
Jaundice
The Klatskins tumor is located: a) at the junction of the right and left hepatic ducts b) at the junction of the cystic and comon bile duct c) at the junction of the common bile duct and common hepatic duct d) between the pancreatic head and the duodenum
at the junction of the right and left hepatic ducts
Which of the following would be the most common cause of obstructive jaundice ? a) Klatskin tumor b) cholangiocarcinoma c) biliary atresia d) choledocholithiasis
choledocholithiasis
which of the following would be the most distal portion of the biliary tree? a) common bile duct b) common hepatic duct c) gallbladder d) intrahepatic radicles
common bile duct
the most common level bile for the biliary obstructive to occur is the : a) junction of the right and left hepatic ducts b) proximal common hepatic duct c) distal common bile duct d) cystic duct
distal common bile duct
The muscle that controls the emptying of bile and pancreatic juices into the duodenum is the: a) cystic duct b) ampulla of vater c) sphincter of oddi d) common bile duct
sphincter of oddi
For patients older than age 60, or those who have had a cholecystectomy a maximum diameter of ______ may be considered normal. a) 1 cm b) 12 mm c) 14 mm d) 1.5 cm
1 cm
A patient presents with jaundice, pain, and fever secondary to an impacted stone in the cystic duct. This is referred to as : a) Caroli syndrome b) Mirizzi syndrome c) choledochal cyst d) biliary atresia
Mirizzi syndrome
If an obstructive biliary calculus is located within the distal common duct, which of the following could ultimately dilate? a) common bile duct b) gallbladder c) common hepatic duct d) all of the above
all of the above
The merging point of the pancreatic duct and common bile duct at the level of the duodenum is referred to as the: a) sphincter of oddi b) ampulla of vater c) common bile duct d) cystic duct
ampulla of vater
Which of the following disorders is associated with the sono triangular chord sign ? a) cholangitis b) choledocholithiasis c) biliary atresia d) ascariasis
biliary atresia
The yellowish pigment found in bile that is produced by the breakdown of old red blood cells by the liver is: a) biliverdin b) bilirubin c) cholesterol d) chyme
bilirubin
Ascariasis is: a) a form of biliary atresia b) a congenital disorder characterized by segmental dilation of the intrahepatic ducts c) caused by a parasitic roundworm d) a type of ringworm that invades the liver
caused by a parasitic roundworm
A Klatskin tumor is a form of : a) lymphocytic carcinoma b) cholangiocarcinoma c) pancreatic carcinoma d) gallbladder carcinoma
cholangiocarcinoma
Primary biliary tree cancer is referred to as : a) gallbladder carcinoma b) biloma c) cholangiocarcinoma d) lymphangioma
cholangiocarcinoma
a 64-year-old man presents to the US Department for a RUQ US. He is complaining of abdominal pain, weight loss, and pruritis. Sonographically you visualize an area of dilated ducts that abruptly end. What is the most likely diagnosis? a) biliary atresia b) choledocholithiasis c) caroli syndrome d) cholangiocarcinoma
cholangiocarcinoma
Which of the following is not associated with the development of pneumobilia ? a) cholangiopneumonia b) gastric surgery c) acute cholecystitis d) fistula formation
cholangiopneumonia
A 32-year-old female patient presents to the sonography department with a history of fever, leukocytosis, and RUQ pain. Sonographically you visualize dilated bile ducts that have thickened walls and contain sludge. What is the most likely diagnosis? a) choledocholithiasis b) cholangitis c) Mirizzi syndrome d) biliary atresia
cholangitis
Inflammation of the bile ducts is referred to as: a) pneumobilia b) choledocholithiasis c) cholelithiasis d) cholangitis
cholangitis
Which of the following is associated with the Charcot triad? a) cholangitis b) cholesterolosis c) klatskins tumor d) choledochal cyst
cholangitis
An abdominal sonogram is ordered for an infant in the ICU who is suffering from jaundice and a fever. Sonographically you visualize a cystic mass within the common bile duct that is causing focal enlargement. This is suggestive of : a) cholangiocarcinoma b) Mirizzi syndrome c) choledochal cyst d) biliary atresia
choledochal cyst
Which of the following is not a plausible cause of common bile duct obstruction in adults? a) choledocholithiasis b) chronic pancreatitis c) choledochal cyst d) pancreatic carcinoma
choledochal cyst
Which of the following is typically found in pediatric patients and is described as the cystic dilation of the common bile duct? a) biliary atresia b) Mirizzi syndrome c) Caroli dz d) choledochal cyst
choledochal cyst
A gallstone located within the biliary tree is referred to as : a) cholecystitis b) choledocholithiasis c) cholangitis d) cholangiocarcinoma
choledocholithiasis
Which of the following would be the least helpful lab value to analyze in patients with suspected biliary tract disease ? a) ALT b) ALP c) GGC d) Creatinine
creatinine
The spiral valves of heister are located within the: a) common bile duct b) pancreatic duct c) common hepatic duct d) cystic duct
cystic duct
All of the following are clinical findings consistent with cholangiocarcinoma except : a) pruritis b) weight loss c) elevated bilirubin d) dilation of the intrahepatic ducts
dilation of the intrahepatic ducts
Clinical findings of choledocholithiasis includes all of the following except: a) jaundice b) elevated bilirubin c) elevated BUN d) elevated ALP
elevated BUN
Which of the following could accidentally introduce bacteria into the biliary tree and thus cause cholangitis ? a) computed tomography b) endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography c) magnetic resonance imaging d) radiography
endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
Which segment of the biliary tree tends to dilate first with obstruction? a) intrahepatic b) extrahepatic
intrahepatic
If a gallstone, causing obstruction, is located within the distal common hepatic duct, which of the following would become dilated? a) main pancreatic duct b) gallbladder only c) intrahepatic ducts d) distal common bile duct
intrahepatic ducts
Which of the following is considered the most proximal portion of the biliary tree ? a) intrahepatic ducts b) cystic duct c) common hepatic duct d) common bile duct
intrahepatic ducts
All of the following are forms of cholangitis except : a) acute bacterial b) AIDS c) oriental d) parabolic
parabolic
Air within the biliary tree is referred to as: a) pneumobilia b) cholangitis c) choledocholithiasis d) cholesterolosis
pneumobilia
Sonographically you visualize scattered echogenic linear structures within the liver parenchyma that produces ring down artifact. What is the most likely diagnosis? a) pneumobilia b) choledocholithiasis c) sludge balls d) cholesterolosis
pneumobilia
Pneumobilia will produce: a) through transmission b) ring-down artifact c) acoustic shadowing d) edge artifact
ring down artifact
Which of the following is characterized by fibrotic thickening of the bile ducts, found most often in young males, and is associated with ulcerative colitis or bowel disease? a) ulcerative biliary atresia b) oriental cholangitis c) sclerosing cholangitis d) AIDS biliary atresia
sclerosing cholangitis