perfusion
it is important to palpate the __________________ pulse and assess for _________ when assessing for peripheral vascular disease
dorsalis pedis, edema
cardiac output
the mechanism that pumps the amount of blood by the ventricles per munite creating the heart rates bpm. whereby circulating the blood flow around the body to provide blood flow to the brain and other vital organs
A nurse is caring for a client with excess abdominal fat. Which of the following is a risk associated with excessive abdominal fat about which the nurse should inform the client?
cardiovascular disease
A nurse needs to measure the pulse of a client admitted to the healthcare facility. Which site would the nurse most likely use?
radial
pitting edema
an accumulation of fluid in tissue and causes an indentation when the area is pressed
S&S of left side heart failure include
crackles, difficulty breathing, and restlessness
5 interventions that will improve arterial circulation
exercises and activity, positioning, stop smoking,
When caring for a client with essential hypertension what instruction should the nurse provide to the client to normalize blood pressure?
reduce sodium intake
myocardium
the muscular tissue of the heart, which contracts and releases involuntarily, is responsible for keeping the heart pumping blood around the body
A client has been prescribed a new antihypertensive medication and is reporting dizziness. Which is the best way for the nurse to assess blood pressure?
Assess BP in sitting, standing, and supine position
blood flow through the heart
Right Atrium > Tricuspid Valve > Right Ventricle > Pulmonary Semilunar Valve > Pulmonary Artery > Lungs > Pulmonary Vein > Left Atrium > Bicuspid (Mitral) Valve > Left Ventricle > Aortic Semilunar Valve > Aorta > Body > Vena Cava
conduction system originates at_______________ which regulates the pulse rate, then proceeds to _____________, to _______________, to __________________.
SA Node, A Node, Bundle of His, Perkinje fibers
atrioventricular node
a complex structure that performs a variety of functions in the heart. primarily an electrical gatekeeper between the atria and ventricles and introduces a delay between atrial and ventricular excitation, allowing for efficient ventricular filling
The nurse is assisting the client to manage the cardiovascular risk factors of hyperlipidemia and hypertension. The client asks the nurse what type of a diet would be best to follow. What is the best response by the nurse?
a diet low in sodium, fat, and cholesterol
spO2
an estimated arterial oxygen saturation level based on the saturation level of hemoglobin measured by a pulse oximeter
atrial fibrillation
an irregular heartbeat that is often fast and increases the risk of heart attack or stroke
age related cardiovascular disesases related to the older adult include
changes in the wall of the blood vessels causing stiffness in the peripheral vessels resulting in resistence,impaired blood flow, and increase left ventricle workload
A nurse prepares to care for a client who has just been admitted to the health care facility. Which activity will the nurse perform first?
collect data
when assessing for perfusion, the nurse should assess for
color, warmth, pulse quality, pulse strength, and hair loss
systole
contraction of the heart by which the blood is forced out of the chambers and into the aorta and the pulmonary artery
a __________________ can be used to evaluate pulses that are difficult or undetected during ___________________.
doppler ultrasound device, palpation
A nurse educator is providing information about hypertension to a small group of clients. A participant asks "What can I do to decrease my blood pressure and thus my risk for heart problems?" The nurse describes modifiable and nonmodifiable risk factors. Which of the following risk factors can the client modify?
dyslipidemia
Which particular area(s) should be examined to assess peripheral edema?
feet and ankles
sinoatrial node
generates an electrical impulse that causes the upper heart to contract, the signal then passed thru the av node to the lower heart causing them to contract, or pump. considered the pacemaker of the heart
bundle of his
group of fibers that carry electrical impulses through the center of the heart which carries electrical signals from the AV node to the bundle branches
When the nurse is administering furosemide 20 mg to a client in congestive heart failure, what phase of the nursing process does this represent?
implementation
A nurse is providing preoperative teaching to a client who will soon undergo a cardiac bypass. The nurse's teaching plan includes exercises of the extremities. What is the purpose of teaching a client leg exercises prior to surgery?
leg exercises improve circulation and prevent venous thrombosis
The nurse is teaching a newly diagnosed hypertensive client how to take his or her own BP at home. The client asks why it is so important to do this. What is the nurse's best response?
monitoring your BP will assist you in controlling your BP, thereby decreasing your risk for heart attack and stroke
nursing interventions for post cardiac catheterization patients
observe site for bleeding, assess peripheral pulses, evaluate temp, color, and cap refill of affected extremity, screen for dysrhythmias, maintain bedrest for 2-6 hours, report chest pain or bleeding, monitor for contrast induced nephropathy, ensure safety
perkinje fibers
play a major role in electrical conduction and propagation of impulse to the ventricular muscle
A nurse is caring for a client who is recovering from a myocardial infarction (MI). The cardiologist refers the client to cardiac rehabilitation. Which statement by the client indicates an understanding of cardiac rehabilitation?
rehabilitiation will help me function as well as i physically can
peripheral edema
swelling due to an accumulation of fluid in tissues perfused by the peripheral vascular system
edema
swelling in tissues caused by fluid retention
syncope
temporary loss of consciousness usually related to insufficient blood flow to the brain
perfusion
the amount of blood flow to the tissue
pericardium
the membrane enclosing the heart, consisting of an outer fibrous layer and an inner double layer of serous membrane. mechanical protection for the heart and bug vessels and a lubrication to reduce friction between the heart and big vessels, and a lubrication to reduce friction between the heart and surrounding structures
precordium
the region of the thorax in front of the heart
endocardium
the thin, smooth membrane which lines the inside of the chambers of the heart and forms the surface of the valves.
A client is admitted to a skilled health facility after total hip replacement. The client asks if the nurse would explain the types of cells that circulate in the blood. The nurse would include which information?
there are 3 distinct blood cells, wbc, rbc, and platelets
