perio chap 11 & 12

A patient has periodontal disease with moderate plaque biofilm. The hygienist informs the patient that she is going to develop periodontitis if she does not improve her oral self-care. Is the hygienist providing accurate educational advice to the patient?

No, because in most patients with chronic gingivitis never progresses to periodontitis

Periodontitis is associated with high portions of:

gram-negative bacteria

What is believed to play an important role in periodontitis?

gram-negative bacterium

When examining a bacterium under a microscope, you note the following features, a double cell membrane and a red stain. Which type of bacteria are you examining?

gram-negative bacterium

early colonizers of the plaque biofilm are?

gram-positive bacteria

how do bacteria adhere during the process of coaggregation to a tooth surface?

each bacterial stain only has a limited set of bacteria to which it can adhere

the protective factor that can prevent biofilm from being killed with antibiotics, antimicrobials, or the body's immune system is called

extracellular slime layer

Eventually, gingivitis always progresses to periodontitis

false

a biofilm is

a well-organized community pf bacteria

it is difficult to identify specific periodontal pathogens because

-different bacteria in periodontal pockets require different culture media -periodontal pockets contain pathogenic and non-pathogenic bacteria -periodontal disease has episodes of active and dormant disease

A patient refuses to comply with self-care recommendations but is more than willing to have the dental health "do whatever is necessary to keep my mouth healthy". In addition, the patient is a smoker and has a lot of extrinsic stain. How can the dental team help this patient?

-frequent periodontal instrumentation to help disrupt plaque biofilms -inform the patient about the effects of smoking on the periodontium and recommend smoking cessation

what percent of bacteria living on earth live as attached bacteria

99%

what is not classified as a periodontal pathogen capable of colonizing the mouth?

A. odontolyticus

If a bacterium wants to join a biofilm, it should look for what kind of conditions?

a group of bacteria attached to a tooth surface

Periodontitis is

a mixed infection

Your friend May wears contact lenses. In the last few months, Mat has had one eye infection after another. You notice that May doesn't clean her lens case daily. What might be causing Mays eye infections?

a bacterial biofilm might have developed in Mays lens case

what is false about disease progression?

as disease progresses, the bacteria associated with health completely disappear

which of the following characteristics is typical of biofilm?

bacteria communicate with each other by sending out chemical signals

what best describes bacterial blooms?

bacterial bloom is a period in which specific bacterial species grow at rapid rates

Biologic equilibrium in periodontal health means there is a balance between

bacterial plaque biofilms and the host response

what is not true about biofilm?

biofilm form rapidly on any dry surface

Legionnaires disease, which killed 29 people in 1976, was caused by:

biofilm in the hotels air conditioning

the structure of biofilm resembles spiky columns. the bacteria comprising the biofilm are distributed evenly among the spikes.

both statements are false

One human mouth is home to more microorganisms than there are people on planet earth. Periodontal disease is a bacterial infection

both statements are true

The organization of bacteria within biofilms are due to specific associations among bacterial species. The bacteria within a biofilm function together as a system of interdependent parts.

both statements are true

within minutes of a professional prophylaxis, the pellicle attaches to tooth surfaces. within hours of the pellicle formation, bacteria begin to attach to the outer surface.

both statements are true

the cell-to-cell adherence of one oral bacterium to another is termed

coaggregation

the most successful means of destroying plaque biofilm on teeth is

mechanical removal

what is not true about bacteria?

most of the bacteria in a healthy site are very motile

what is NOT true regarding the benefits of daily disruption of plaque biofilms

motile bacteria are important first colonizers of the pellicle

the first bacteria to colonize the tooth surface are

nonpathogenic

the type of bacteria that can cause periodontal disease is referred to as:

pathogenic

what is the term for a bacterial virulence factor that is a class of proteins found in living bacterial cell membranes

peptide proteins

risk factors for periodontal disease other than plaque biofilms do not include

pregnancy

Socranksy grouped microorganisms into complexes and assigned each a color. which color signifies bacterial species that are dominant in the late stages of biofilm development?

red

bacteria can penetrate through epithelium and invade the gingival connective tissue. only gram-negative bacteria have the ability to invade gingival connective tissue.

the first statement is false, the second statement is true

free floating periodontal pathogens can cause periodontal disease. biofilm development always begins supragingivally .

the first statement is false, the second statement is true

A biofilm is a living film that grows on a surface. Biofilms are only found in the mouth.

the first statement is true, the second statement is false

periodontal pathogens can be passed from the oral cavity of one person to another by direct contact. Periodontal pathogens also can be spread by contact with inanimate objects, such as cell phones.

the first statement is true, the second statement is false

Research suggests that this type of bacterial subgingival attachment is the most detrimental to the periodontal tissues

tissue-associated plaque biofilm