Period 7 ap classroom terms

"Today the United States is practically sovereign on this continent and its fiat is law upon the subjects to which it confines its interposition." Secretary of State Richard Olney, note to Great Britain, 1895 The quote above is an interpretation of the A Truman Doctrine B Monroe Doctrine C Open Door policy D Good Neighbor policy E Alliance for Progress

B Monroe Doctrine

In the period 1890-1915, all of the following were generally true about African Americans EXCEPT: A Voting rights previously gained were denied through changes in state laws and constitutions. B The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) endorsed the Back-to-Africa movement. C African American leaders disagreed on the principal strategy for attaining equal rights. D Numerous African Americans were lynched, and mob attacks on African American individuals occurred in both the North and the South. E African Americans from the rural South migrated to both southern and northern cities.

B The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) endorsed the Back-to-Africa movement.

Many anti-imperialists opposed the annexation of the Philippines in 1898 because they believed that A the Philippines should be returned to Spain B United States colonialism in the Philippines was incompatible with the American belief in self-determination C Philippine agriculture would be competing with United States agriculture D the Philippine government was planning an alliance with Mexico E the United States would be drawn into a war with Japan over Pacific territories

B United States colonialism in the Philippines was incompatible with the American belief in self-determination

When war broke out in Europe in 1914, President Woodrow Wilson established a policy that called for A immediate American aid to the Allied powers B acknowledgment of American neutral rights on the high seas C American trade with Europe on a cash-and-carry basis only D a strict embargo on trade with all warring nations E strict prohibition of American travel on the ships of belligerents

B acknowledgment of American neutral rights on the high seas

Constitutional amendments enacted during the Progressive Era concerned all of the following EXCEPT A imposition of an income tax B imposition of poll taxes C extension of suffrage to women D prohibition of the sale of alcoholic beverages E procedures for electing United States senators

B imposition of poll taxes

Which of the following aroused the greatest controversy in the United States at the end of the Spanish-American War? A Payment of a $20 million indemnity to Spain B Humanitarian efforts on behalf of concentration camp victims C Acquisition of the Philippine Islands D Liberation of Cuba from Spanish control E Increases in the size of the army and navy

C Acquisition of the Philippine Islands

Which of the following correctly describes the Committee on Public Information? A It was the first organization to oppose legalizing abortion. B It was a business lobby against Franklin Roosevelt's New Deal. C It was established to mobilize domestic support for the war effort during the First World War. D It was the effort led by Samuel Adams to rally colonists against British taxes. E It was an antislavery group that formed after the Compromise of 185

C It was established to mobilize domestic support for the war effort during the First World War.

The poster above advertising a 1913 labor union pageant was designed to do which of the following? A Promote the idea that labor unions exist primarily for the purpose of supporting the arts B Warn the community about the union's communist connections C Portray the strikers as the heroic champions of workers and ordinary people D Intimidate citizens into supporting a powerful labor movement E Advocate employment for striking workers

C Portray the strikers as the heroic champions of workers and ordinary people

The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine did which of the following? A Prohibited United States intervention in the Caribbean. B Warned against European seizure of the Panama Canal. C Sought to end the wave of nationalization of American-owned property in the Caribbean. D Declared the United States to be the "policeman" of the Western Hemisphere. E Provided United States military support for democratic revolutions in Latin America.

D Declared the United States to be the "policeman" of the Western Hemisphere.

The Open Door policy in China called for which of the following? A A consortium of nations to govern China B International acknowledgement of China's right to exclude the trade of any nation C Recognition of Chinese territorial gains in Manchuria D Reduction of foreign tariffs on Chinese goods E Equal commercial access by all nations to the existing spheres of influence in China

E Equal commercial access by all nations to the existing spheres of influence in China

"We intend to begin on the first of February unrestricted submarine warfare. We make Mexico a proposal of alliance on the following basis: make war together, make peace together, generous financial support and an understanding on our part that Mexico is to reconquer the lost territory in Texas, New Mexico and Arizona." The message above had which of the following effects? A It helped the Hearst newspapers to garner public support for the war against Spain. B It led to accusations against alleged communists in the State Department. C It resulted in the Palmer raids of 1919. D It was used to justify a declaration of war against Mexico. E It pushed the United States closer to participation in the First World War.

E It pushed the United States closer to participation in the First World War.

Jacob Riis is best known for his work in the 1890s as a A labor organizer and Socialist Party activist B leader of the People's Party C reformer who encouraged new immigrants to homestead D playwright whose dramas celebrated the assimilation of immigrants into American society E journalist and photographer who publicized the wretched conditions in which many immigrants lived

E journalist and photographer who publicized the wretched conditions in which many immigrants lived

The term "muckrakers" was used in the early twentieth century to refer to A laborers who worked in the meatpacking industry B baseball players who lost important games on purpose to collect large bribes C writers who wrote articles sympathetic to big business D captains of industry who defended the accumulation of wealth in lectures and pamphlets E journalists who wrote articles exposing political corruption and urban poverty

E journalists who wrote articles exposing political corruption and urban poverty

W. E. B. Du Bois differed in philosophy from Booker T. Washington in that Du Bois believed A African Americans should pursue immediate and full equality B economic success would lead to political equality C job training was ultimately more important than formal education D civil rights would come through local efforts rather than national organization E segregation was a southern problem more than a national one

A African Americans should pursue immediate and full equality

Which of the following best characterizes the conservationist approach to the environment that emerged in the Progressive Era? A Designation of national parks and forests for recreation and managed use B Use of federal money to clean up polluted industrial sites C Passage of legislation banning the use of pesticides in agriculture D Passage of legislation to ensure clean air and waterways E Preservation of both land and wildlife in pristine condition

A Designation of national parks and forests for recreation and managed use

Which of the following generalizations can be supported by the information provided in the map above? A Frontier life tended to promote the acceptance of greater political equality for women. B Fewer women lived in the southeastern states than in other parts of the country; therefore, suffrage was less of an issue. C None of the states of the Confederacy granted votes to women before 1920. D The Seneca Falls Movement resulted in gains in the area of political and legal rights for women. E States that made free public education a priority led the way in extending the vote to women.

A Frontier life tended to promote the acceptance of greater political equality for women.

Which of the following occurred on the home front during the First World War? A The United States public expressed widespread anti-German sentiment. B Military commanders desegregated the armed forces. C The United States government placed Japanese Americans in relocation camps. D Women joined the military in large numbers. E The federal government issued rationing coupons for food and gasoline.

A The United States public expressed widespread anti-German sentiment.

"As the early years at Hull House show, female participation in that area of reform grew out of a set of needs and values peculiar to middle-class women in the late nineteenth and early twentieth century. Settlement workers did not set out to become reformers. They were rather women trying to fulfill existing social expectations for self-sacrificing female service while at the same time satisfying their need for public recognition, authority, and independence. In the process of attempting to weave together a life of service and professional accomplishment, they became reformers as the wider world defined them." — Robyn Muncy, historian, Creating a Female Dominion in American Reform, 1890-1935, published in 1991 Which of the following was the most direct effect of the trend described in the excerpt? A The development of the Progressive movement to address social problems associated with industrial society B The emergence of the Populist Party's efforts to increase the role of government in the economy C The election of large numbers of women to political offices D The increased participation of women in factory work

A The development of the Progressive movement to address social problems associated with industrial society

"Chronic wrongdoing, or an impotence which results in a general loosening of the ties of civilized society, may in America, as elsewhere, ultimately require intervention by some civilized nation, and in the Western Hemisphere the adherence of the United States to the Monroe Doctrine may force the United States, however reluctantly, in flagrant cases of such wrongdoing or impotence, to the exercise of an international police power." The foreign policy statement above came to be known as A dollar diplomacy B the Roosevelt Corollary C the Truman Doctrine D the Good Neighbor policy E the Alliance for Progress

B the Roosevelt Corollary

Although Progressive Era reformers held different opinions about many issues of the day, they shared a belief in A the creation of a classless society B the capacity of trained professionals to find rational, scientific solutions to society's problems C an ideal society based on shared ownership through voluntary organizations rather than increasing government power D the expanding role of the United States as an imperial power E the creation of an organization to promote international peace

B the capacity of trained professionals to find rational, scientific solutions to society's problems

"That anyone would try to destroy [Hetch Hetchy Valley] seems incredible; but sad experience shows that there are people good enough and bad enough for anything. The proponents of the dam scheme bring forward a lot of bad arguments to prove that the only righteous thing to do with the people's parks is to destroy them bit by bit as they are able." John Muir, The Yosemite, published in 1912 Which of the following arguments could best be supported by the purpose of the excerpt? A Urbanization led to the transformation of the natural landscape in every part of the country. B Industrialization resulted in the use of fewer raw materials because of efficient production. C Reformers encouraged the more active protection of natural resources. D Wartime mobilization contributed to the use of national parks for military purposes.

C Reformers encouraged the more active protection of natural resources.

". . . [W]e have always in the end come out victorious because we have refused to be daunted by blunders and defeats. . . . We gird [ourselves] as a nation, with the stern purpose to play our part manfully in winning the ultimate triumph; . . . and with unfaltering steps tread the rough road of endeavor." Theodore Roosevelt, "National Duties," address given at the Minnesota State Fair, September 1901 The speech's point of view can best be used to support which of the following historical arguments about the early 1900s? A Most Americans believed that the United States should continue an isolationist foreign policy. B Most Americans asserted that American Indians were unjustly harmed by federal policy toward them. C Some Americans advocated economic development of overseas countries in order to justify imperialism. D Some Americans appealed to racial theories in order to oppose efforts to acquire new territorial possessions.

C Some Americans advocated economic development of overseas countries in order to justify imperialism.

Margaret Sanger is best known for her A contribution to the radical suffragist movement B endorsement of coeducation C advocacy for birth control D presidency of the Women's Christian Temperance Union E organization of the Women's Trade Union League

C advocacy for birth control

"If we do not follow the most scientific approved methods, the most modern discoveries of how to conserve and propagate and renew wherever possible those resources which Nature in her providence has given to man for his use but not abuse, the time will come when the world will not be able to support life, and then we shall have no need of conservation of health, strength, or vital force because we must have the things to support life or everything else is useless.... [D]o not forget that the conservation of life itself must be built on the solid foundation of conservation of natural resources, or it will be a house built upon the sands that will be washed away." Marion Crocker, General Federation of Women's Clubs, 1912 People who shared Crocker's ideas at the time most typically sought to achieve their goals by A proposing the use of new technologies to reduce pollution B seeking partnerships with business leaders to manage emissions C promoting federal legislation to protect the environment D creating alliances with politicians to promote sustainable farming

C promoting federal legislation to protect the environment

A key goal of the Progressive movement was to A replace capitalism with socialism B transform the United States into an agrarian republic C use government power to regulate industrial production and labor conditions D eliminate class differences in the United States E bring about racial integration in public accommodations

C use government power to regulate industrial production and labor conditions

". . . [W]e have always in the end come out victorious because we have refused to be daunted by blunders and defeats. . . . We gird [ourselves] as a nation, with the stern purpose to play our part manfully in winning the ultimate triumph; . . . and with unfaltering steps tread the rough road of endeavor." Theodore Roosevelt, "National Duties," address given at the Minnesota State Fair, September 1901 Which of the following best explains a conclusion about United States foreign policy in the early 1900s supported by the point of view expressed in the excerpt? A Americans supported the goals of nationalists in the Philippines. B Americans expressed little opposition to acquiring new colonial possessions. C Political leaders usually did not consider the economic effects of overseas ventures. D Political leaders continued to promote the earlier idea of predestined national expansion.

D Political leaders continued to promote the earlier idea of predestined national expansion.

"We further declare our purpose to do our utmost to secure for those who come to our country from foreign lands a clearer and nobler sense of citizenship than they have heretofore realized; and to develop these new residents into understanding American citizens, to emphasize to them the value of the great privilege that is within their reach of securing American citizenship, and to secure their co-operation in combating the pernicious propaganda which aims to undermine the Government." "Petition of the National Security League," 1923 Which of the following contexts most directly contributed to the trend in immigration described in the first paragraph of the excerpt? A The passage of Progressive Era reforms that expanded participatory democracy B The enactment of laws to preserve territory and protect natural resources from development C The establishment of overseas colonies following the Spanish-American War D The continued transition of the United States from an agricultural economy to an industrial economy

D The continued transition of the United States from an agricultural economy to an industrial economy

Between 1890 and 1910, the United States most strongly pursued a foreign policy promoting A isolationism in world affairs B close military alliances with Great Britain and France C a sphere of influence in Africa D commercial involvement in both Latin America and eastern Asia E a campaign to slow the spread of socialism in eastern Europe

D commercial involvement in both Latin America and eastern Asia

African American migration to the urban North during the First World War was due primarily to A racially integrated residential neighborhoods in Northern cities B increased educational opportunities resulting from affirmative-action programs C recruitment efforts by labor unions D expanded job opportunities in Northern factories E encouragement by White Protestant churches in the North

D expanded job opportunities in Northern factories

President Theodore Roosevelt addressed all of the following issues during his presidency EXCEPT A unsanitary conditions in the meat-packing industry B monopolization and consolidation in the railroad industry C railroad freight rates D insider trading on the stock market E unsafe drug products

D insider trading on the stock market

Conservative Republican opponents of the Treaty of Versailles argued that the League of Nations would A isolate the United States from postwar world affairs B prevent the United States from seeking reparations from Germany C violate President Wilson's own Fourteen Points D limit United States sovereignty E give England and France a greater role than the United States in maintaining world peace

D limit United States sovereignty

In the late 1800s, many Americans came to support a United States empire overseas because they A wanted the United States to assist British and German colonization B viewed colonies as places where African Americans could be resettled C thought that importing foreign products would stimulate the United States economy D sought to spread Protestantism and Anglo-Saxon values E wanted to create a more diverse society

D sought to spread Protestantism and Anglo-Saxon values

"Article X says that every member of the League, and that means every great fighting power in the world, ... solemnly engages to respect and preserve ... the territorial integrity and existing political independence of the other members of the League. If you do that, you have absolutely stopped ambitious and aggressive war." Woodrow Wilson's statement above was made in justification of his A decision to send troops to northern Russia and Siberia after the Bolshevik Revolution B refusal to award Fiume to the Italians C insistence on "open treaties, openly arrived at" D opposition to the resolution on racial equality put forward at the Paris peace negotiations by the Japanese delegation E refusal to accept the "reservations" proposed by Henry Cabot Lodge in the Senate debate over ratification of the Treaty of Versailles

E refusal to accept the "reservations" proposed by Henry Cabot Lodge in the Senate debate over ratification of the Treaty of Versailles

The United States home front during the First World War was marked by an increase in all of the following EXCEPT A tax rates on individuals and estates B government regulation of fuel, food, and transportation C employment opportunities for African Americans and Mexican Americans D participation of women in factory work, government service, and volunteer work E support of individual liberties by the Supreme Court

E support of individual liberties by the Supreme Court