Pharm 2

A client is receiving dornase alfa at home. Which would the nurse instruct the client to do? A) "Take the drug orally with meals." B) "Mix the drug with tap water." C) "Store the drug at room temperature." "D) Protect the drug from light.

"D) Protect the drug from light.

The nurse is caring for a client with cystic fibrosis who is receiving dornase alfa by nebulizer to help thin secretions. What statement by the client indicates a need for further instruction? "I will continue to use postural drainage and take my enzymes as ordered." "I'm glad that this medication will address all of my symptoms." "This medication will loosen up the sticky mucus that is in my lungs." "I will try to cough after I receive this medication."

"I'm glad that this medication will address all of my symptoms."

A client has expressed frustration stating, "I've been taking an over-the-counter (OTC) decongestant for several days and it still hasn't really cured my cold." What teaching point should the nurse convey to the client? A) "Drugs like this can often relieve some of the symptoms of a cold, but they won't cure it." B) "Sometimes a decongestant can sometimes mask the effects of your cold, essentially prolonging it." C) "It usually takes between 8 and 10 days for a decongestant to cure affect cold symptoms." D) "Most people find that cold medications are essentially ineffective."

A) "Drugs like this can often relieve some of the symptoms of a cold, but they won't cure it."

A client is receiving ipratropium as maintenance therapy for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The nurse would caution the client that up to how many inhalations may be used in 24 hours if needed? A) 12 B) 8 C) 4 D) 16

A) 12

The nurse assesses the serum theophylline of a client. Which finding would the nurse identify as being therapeutic? A) 15 mcg/mL B) 30 mcg/mL C) 5 mcg/mL D) 25 mcg/mL

A) 15 mcg/mL

The nurse is preparing to administer cisplatin to a client. The nurse anticipates the client will also be prescribed which drug to counteract some adverse reactions? A) Amifostine B) Dexrazoxane C) Mesna D) Leucovorin

A) Amifostine

A client exhibiting signs and symptoms of the common cold asks the nurse if taking an antihistamine would be helpful. What is the nurse's best response? A) Antihistamines are not recommended for treating a cold. B) Yes, but be sure to use a brand that mentions 'cold remedy' on the packaging. C) Yes, but it's important to monitor for adverse effects. D) Antihistamines can be helpful when they're combined with an antibiotic.

A) Antihistamines are not recommended for treating a cold.

An adult client has asked the nurse to recommend an OTC cold remedy. Before making a recommendation, the nurse should implement which intervention? A) Assess the client for health problems that may contraindicate the use of a particular remedy. B) Consult with a pharmacist or pharmacy technician. C) Assess the client's understanding of the epidemiology of the common cold and upper respiratory infections. D) Ensure that the client has tried some of the more common herbal and natural remedies.

A) Assess the client for health problems that may contraindicate the use of a particular remedy.

A 79-year-old woman has recently moved to a long-term care facility, and the nurse at the facility is conducting a medication reconciliation. The nurse notes that the woman has recently been taking tamoxifen. The nurse is justified in concluding that the woman has a history of what malignancy? A) Breast cancer B) Cervical cancer C) Ovarian cancer D) Malignant melanoma

A) Breast cancer

Which agent would the nurse identify as being available in a transdermal form? A) Clonidine B) Salmeterol C) Midodrine D) Phenylephrine

A) Clonidine

The nursing instructor is teaching a session explaining mast cell stabilizers. The instructor determines the session is successful when the students correctly choose which drug as an example? A) Cromolyn B) Beclomethasone C) Albuterol D) Montelukast

A) Cromolyn

A client's chemotherapeutic regimen includes procarbazine. What is the client's most likely diagnosis? A) Hodgkin lymphoma B) Pancreatic cancer C) Astrocytoma D) Neuroblastoma

A) Hodgkin lymphoma

An older adult client has been prescribed ipratropium by metered-dose inhaler and the nurse has provided education on using the device. When demonstrating the technique back to the nurse, the client is unable to coordinate pressing down on the inhaler and maintaining a seal with their lips. What is the nurse's best action? A) Obtain a spacer and educate the client on its use. B) Request an increased dose from the health care provider to offset the client's incorrect technique. C) Advocate for a change to a medication available by the oral route. D) Identify a trusted family member to be responsible for administration.

A) Obtain a spacer and educate the client on its use.

Which agent would the nurse expect to find when reviewing over-the-counter allergy products? A) Phenylephrine B) Dopamine C) Clonidine D) Midodrine

A) Phenylephrine

The nurse is describing the necessity of recovery periods between treatment cycles to a client receiving chemotherapy. How should the nurse best explain the need? A) Time is needed to replace many of the healthy body cells killed by chemotherapy. B) The restoration of fluid balance and nutrition is needed before continuing with chemotherapy. C) Time is required for the successful application of radiotherapy between cycles of chemotherapy. D) There is a need to restore a physiologic reserve of energy before further chemotherapy.

A) Time is needed to replace many of the healthy body cells killed by chemotherapy.

Phentolamine is the agent used to treat extravasation of dobutamine. A) True B) False

A) True

n adrenergic drug would be prescribed to produce what physiological effect? A) increased heart rate B) decreased blood pH C) urine concentration D) decreased respiratory rate

A) increased heart rate

A nurse is teaching a 55-year-old client about fexofenadine prescribed to treat allergic symptoms. Which client statement suggests an understanding of this teaching? A) "It's safe to take this medication with the nighttime sinus medication that I've been using." B) "I should avoid driving after taking this medication." C) "This medication has no serious side effects." D) "Taking this medication shouldn't stop me from having my after-dinner drink."

B) "I should avoid driving after taking this medication."

Which patient should be advised by the nurse to avoid over-the-counter cold and allergy preparations that contain phenylephrine? A) A 62-year-old male with gout B) A 47-year-old female with hypertension C) A 17-year-old female with symptoms of an upper respiratory infection D) A 52-year-old male with adult-onset diabetes

B) A 47-year-old female with hypertension

A client has been admitted to a health care facility with asthma. The nurse is to administer theophylline to the client. To which clients can the nurse safely administer theophylline? A) An 83-year-old female with cardiac disease B) A 65-year-old male with asthma C) A 43-year-old male with hypertension D) A 65-year-old female with hepatic disease

B) A 65-year-old male with asthma

Which client is most likely to benefit from the administration of an adrenergic agonist? A) A woman who has been admitted with a suspected ischemic stroke B) A man who is in cardiogenic shock following a myocardial infarction C) A woman who is in labor and may require a cesarean section D) A man who has a diagnosis of primary hypertension

B) A man who is in cardiogenic shock following a myocardial infarction

A client is admitted after overdose with acetaminophen. What medication would the nurse expect to be administered? A) Oxymetazoline hydrochloride B) Acetylcysteine C) Darbepoetin alfa D) Daptomycin

B) Acetylcysteine

A client is experiencing an acute asthmatic attack. Which agent would be most effective? A) Mast cell stabilizer B) Beta-2 selective adrenergic agonist C) Leukotriene receptor antagonist D) Inhaled steroid

B) Beta-2 selective adrenergic agonist

A client is prescribed oxymetazoline, a decongestant, for the treatment of hay fever. What should the nurse evaluate to assess the efficacy of therapy? A) Maintenance of effective hydration of the skin B) Maintenance of effective airway clearance C) Maintenance of an effective urine output D) Maintenance of an effective heart rate

B) Maintenance of effective airway clearance

Drugs that produce activity similar to the neurotransmitter norepinephrine are known as which of the following? A) Anticholinergic drugs B) Sympathomimetics C) Sympatholytics D) Antiadrenergic drugs

B) Sympathomimetics

When describing the process of cancer cell growth to a client, the nurse addresses angiogenesis. Which description would the nurse include? A) A process in which the cells lose their ability to differentiate and organize B) The process of creating new blood vessels to supply oxygen and nutrients to the cells C) The process of growing without the usual homeostatic restrictions that regulate cells D) A process that involves the cells traveling to other areas of the body to develop new tumors

B) The process of creating new blood vessels to supply oxygen and nutrients to the cells

A client with a diagnosis of bladder cancer is started on a chemotherapeutic regimen that includes three agents. What is the rationale for using multiple antineoplastic agents? A) The use of three agents increases the length of treatment. B) The use of three agents decreases the development of cell resistance. C) The use of three agents increases the quantity of one of the agents. D) The use of three agents decreases the adverse effects.

B) The use of three agents decreases the development of cell resistance.

What potential benefit is unique to biologic agent therapies? A) They may be administered long term without the need for regular blood work. B) They may affect cancer cells while leaving normal body cells unaffected. C) Administered does not require a certified chemotherapeutic nurse. D) Cytotoxic adverse effects are rarely experienced.

B) They may affect cancer cells while leaving normal body cells unaffected.

A priority nursing assessment for a client who is to receive an alpha- or beta-adrenergic agonist would be to which action? A) monitor respiratory rate. B) assess heart rate. C) measure urine output. D) check blood glucose level.

B) assess heart rate.

A client reports to the nurse, "My head is stuffed up and I can't breathe through my nose." Nasal discharge is noted upon examination. The client is diagnosed with a common cold. The nurse should prepare to provide medication instructions related to what classification of medication directed at the client's nasal mucosa? A) antitussant B) decongestant C) antihistamine D) expectorant

B) decongestant

The nurse reviews the client's medical history before providing medications. Which antihistamine would the nurse question before providing a dose to the client? A) azelastine B) diphenhydramine C) fexofenadine D) cetirizine

B) diphenhydramine

What medication should be prescribed to minimize the risk associated with a blood transfusion for a client with a history of a previous transfusion reaction? A) cetirizine B) diphenhydramine C) clemastine D) epinephrine

B) diphenhydramine

A 25-year-old female client is prescribed methotrexate to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The nurse should teach the client to: A) drink milk with the medication. B) use an effective contraceptive. C) expect a mild rash and itching. D) take a pain reliever for sore throat.

B) use an effective contraceptive.

The nurse is educating a client about using beclomethasone by inhalation. What statement made by the client indicates that education has been effective? A) "I will use this immediately when I am beginning to have an asthma attack." B) "This medication will help open my airway so I can breath better." C) "I will rinse my mouth and throat after its use to prevent oral candidiasis." D) "I only need to take this medication when I am having an asthma attack."

C) "I will rinse my mouth and throat after its use to prevent oral candidiasis."

After reviewing information about drugs used to treat lower respiratory system conditions, a group of nursing students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which as an example of a short-acting beta-2 agonist (SABA)? A) Formoterol B) Arformoterol C) Albuterol D) Salmeterol

C) Albuterol

A nurse would expect to increase the dosage of theophylline if the client has a current history of which of the following? A) Gastrointestinal upset B) Hyperthyroidism C) Cigarette smoking D) Alcohol intake

C) Cigarette smoking

A client prescribed codeine for a persistent, debilitating cough tells the nurse, "I was sure that codeine was a narcotic that people take for pain." The nurse should cite what mechanism of action when describing this use of codeine? A) Stimulation of the reticular activating system (RAS) B) Vasodilation of the alveolar capillaries C) Depression of the cough center in the medulla oblongata D) Desensitization of the cough receptors in the sinuses and trachea

C) Depression of the cough center in the medulla oblongata

An adult client has reported experiencing a dry mouth and urinary retention after several nights of taking an over-the-counter (OTC) sleep aid. The nurse should suspect that this medication contains what antihistamine? A) Olopatadine B) Loratadine C) Diphenhydramine D) Promethazine

C) Diphenhydramine

Which would the nurse expect to be prescribed to a client experiencing acute bronchospasm? A) Metaraminol B) Dopamine C) Epinephrine D) Norepinephrine

C) Epinephrine

Which would the nurse expect to be prescribed to a client experiencing acute bronchospasm? A) Metaraminol B) Norepinephrine C) Epinephrine D) Dopamine

C) Epinephrine

The nurse is reviewing a client's morning blood work and notes a theophylline level of 22.2 mcg/mL (123.21 µmol/L). What action should the nurse take? A) Withhold the scheduled dose of theophylline pending the next day's blood work results. B) Inform the health care provider that an increase in the client's dose of theophylline may be necessary. C) Inform the health care provider that the client has toxic theophylline levels. D) Administer the scheduled dose of theophylline with as needed (PRN) dose of a bronchodilator.

C) Inform the health care provider that the client has toxic theophylline levels.

A client is prescribed salmeterol. The nurse would expect this drug to be administered by which route? A) Oral B) Intravenous C) Inhalation D) Subcutaneous

C) Inhalation

A neonate is receiving beractant. The nurse understands that this agent is administered by which route? A) Subcutaneous B) Intramuscular C) Intratracheal D) Intravenous

C) Intratracheal

The nurse would contact the health care provider before administering an adrenergic drug to a client who is also taking which drug? A) Analgesic B) Antibiotic C) MAO inhibitor D) Diuretic

C) MAO inhibitor

A newborn, experiencing ineffective alveolar expansion, is receiving treatment. What intervention should the nurse implement to assure the administration of the prescribed medication has been effective? A) Supply supplemental oxygen as prescribed B) Changing the newborn's position frequently to assure effective distribution of medication C) Monitoring respirations for bilateral chest movement D) Suctioning the infant every 30 minutes for 2 hours after the treatment has been initiated

C) Monitoring respirations for bilateral chest movement

A client with cystic fibrosis may use which type of medication to reduce the viscosity of respiratory secretions? A) Centrally acting antitussive B) Antihistamine C) Mucolytic D) Expectorant

C) Mucolytic

The health care provider has ordered promethazine (Phenergan) for a client who is having a severe allergic reaction. The nurse is aware that this medication is also used to treat what condition? A) Hypotension B) Joint pain C) Nausea and vomiting D) Central nervous system depression

C) Nausea and vomiting

A patient presents at the Emergency Department (ED) in acute respiratory distress. A quick assessment by the triage nurse indicates that the patient experienced difficulty breathing immediately after taking Combivent for the first time. The nurse suspects that the patient may be allergic to what? A) Penicillin B) Ragweed pollen C) Peanuts D) Aspirin

C) Peanuts

The nurse is caring for a client receiving an adrenergic agent. Which approach would the nurse expect when the client's status improves and the medication is to be discontinued? A) Stop the infusion when discontinued. B) Administer a dose in the morning for 4 days. C) Titrate reduced doses over 2-4 days. D) Provide intermittent doses every 4-6 hours.

C) Titrate reduced doses over 2-4 days.

The nurse provides a client with a dose of the beta-selective adrenergic agonist isoproterenol. Which assessment finding indicates the medication is effective? A) constricted pupils B) warm, dry skin C) increased heart rate D) decreased urine output

C) increased heart rate

A nurse is providing health education to a client recently diagnosed with asthma and prescribed albuterol and ipratropium. Which of the client's statements suggests a need for clarification by the nurse? A) "I'll try to make sure that I drink plenty of fluids each day." B) "I'll make sure I don't take my inhalers more often than they've been prescribed." C) "I'm a heavy coffee drinker, but I know that I now know I need to cut down on this." D) "I'll keep taking my medications until I'm not experiencing any more symptoms."

D) "I'll keep taking my medications until I'm not experiencing any more symptoms."

After teaching a client who is receiving an antitussive about the drug, which statement indicates the need for additional teaching? A) "I can use some lozenges for comfort." B) "I'll get a humidifier for my bedroom." C) "I need to increase the amount of fluids I drink." D) "I'll keep the room warm and toasty."

D) "I'll keep the room warm and toasty."

A client has hypertension and wants to take a nasal decongestant for cold symptoms. Which statement by the nurse indicates the effect of hypertensive medications on hypertension? A) "The administration of nasal decongestant will act on the central nervous system to cause vasodilation of blood vessels." B) "The administration of a nasal decongestant will cause bradycardia and increase peripheral blood pressure gastric reflux." C) "The administration of a nasal decongestant will decrease the thyroid production and increase blood pressure." D) "The administration of a nasal decongestant will increase blood pressure due to vasoconstriction of blood vessels."

D) "The administration of a nasal decongestant will increase blood pressure due to vasoconstriction of blood vessels."

The nurse instructs a patient who is using albuterol for exercise-induced bronchospasm to use the inhaler at which time? A) One hour before exercise B) In the morning of the day when exercise is planned C) Immediately on beginning to exercise D) 15 minutes prior to exercising

D) 15 minutes prior to exercising

A patient with acute respiratory symptoms is receiving a loading dose of theophylline. Which of the following signs of toxicity should alert the nurse to notify the primary health care provider immediately? A) Bradycardia B) Constipation C) Mental depression D) Abdominal cramps

D) Abdominal cramps

Mr. Ashum is prescribed an albuterol inhaler as part of his treatment regimen for asthma. What is the mechanism of action for this medication? A) Albuterol blocks the stimulation of the beta-2 receptors. B) Albuterol causes stimulation of the bronchial tissue. C) Albuterol decreases vital capacity. D) Albuterol causes relaxation of the bronchial smooth muscles.

D) Albuterol causes relaxation of the bronchial smooth muscles.

A client is prescribed a leukotriene receptor antagonist. The nurse should evaluate the effectiveness of the medication therapy based on the long term management of symptoms associated with which respiratory condition? A) Emphysema B) Chronic bronchitis C)Pneumonia D) Asthma

D) Asthma

A nurse is caring for an elderly patient who is to be administered isoproterenol. Which change monitored in the patient should the nurse report immediately to the primary health care provider? A) Changes in glucose level B) Changes in appetite C) Changes in temperature D) Changes in pulse rate

D) Changes in pulse rate

The home health nurse is caring for a 77-year-old male patient who has just been discharged from the hospital. The patient is taking dobutamine for congestive heart failure. What would be most important to monitor in this patient? A) Effectiveness of comfort measures B) Dietary intake C) Availability of caregivers D) Compliance with drug regimen

D) Compliance with drug regimen

A client comes to the clinic with what appears to be a cold. What group of upper respiratory drugs cause local vasoconstriction, which decreases blood flow and shrinks swollen membranes to improve air flow? A) Expectorants B) Antitussives C) Mucolytics D) Decongestants

D) Decongestants

Which herbs has been removed from most weight-loss medications due to potential legal liability? A) Gingko B) Ginseng C) Rose hips D) Ephedra

D) Ephedra

A client is admitted to the emergency department with inspiratory stridor and air hunger. When anticipating treatment, the nurse will prepare which medication for administration? A) Ipratropium bromide B) Cromolyn C) Pseudoephedrine D) Epinephrine

D) Epinephrine

An instructor is preparing a teaching plan for a group of students about adrenergic agonists. Which would the nurse include as an alpha- and beta-adrenergic agonist? A) Albuterol B) Phenylephrine C) Terbutaline D) Epinephrine

D) Epinephrine

A client is being treated on the oncology unit and has developed worsening adverse effects over the past several days of chemotherapy. Administration of filgrastim may aid in achieving what desired outcome? A) Increased platelet levels B) Resolution of mucositis C) Prevention of hemorrhagic cystitis D) Increased leukocytes

D) Increased leukocytes

A group of students are reviewing information about antihistamines. The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which agent as a second generation antihistamine? A) Promethazine B) Brompheniramine C) Meclizine D) Loratadine

D) Loratadine

A male client is informed that the latest tests indicate that his cancer has spread to his liver. The client receives capecitabine as part of his treatment regimen. What would the nurse expect the health care provider to do? A) Discontinue the capecitabine. B) Increase the dose of capecitabine. C) Add routine blood transfusions to the client's treatment regimen. D) Monitor the client closely and repeat LFTs routinely.

D) Monitor the client closely and repeat LFTs routinely.

What is an adverse reaction commonly experienced by people taking nasal decongestants? A) Rash B) Headache C) Diarrhea D) Rebound congestion

D) Rebound congestion

A nurse administers ondansetron to a client receiving chemotherapy for which reason? A) Relieve inflammation B) Decrease secretions C) Prevent hypersensitivity D) Reduce vomiting

D) Reduce vomiting

Why are inhaled steroids used to treat asthma and COPD? A) They act locally to decrease histamine release B) They act locally to improve mobilization of edema C) They act locally to increase histamine release D) They act locally to decrease release of inflammatory mediators

D) They act locally to decrease release of inflammatory mediators

The nursing instructor is discussing the use of nasal decongestants and shares what reason for their effectiveness? A) They treat multiple symptoms in a cost-effective manner. B) They are absorbed systemically. C) Their effects last for 48 to 72 hours. D) They come into direct contact with nasal mucosa.

D) They come into direct contact with nasal mucosa.

A nurse is caring for an older client in a long-term acute-care facility who has been prescribed epinephrine as part of their treatment plan. During the preadministration assessment phase of the nursing process, what specific information should the nurse prioritize when gathering data about the client's condition and medication regimen? A) the client's personal preferences and daily routines B) the availability of the drug in the facility's pharmacy C) the client's height and weight D) any previous history of adverse reactions to adrenergic drugs

D) any previous history of adverse reactions to adrenergic drugs

A client has been admitted to the emergency department (ED) in status asthmaticus. The ED nurse should anticipate administering which medication? A) high doses of montelukast B) inhaled corticosteroids C) intravenous theophylline D) beta2 agonists in high doses

D) beta2 agonists in high doses

Epinephrine causes relaxation of: A) smooth muscles in the intestinal wall. B) superficial blood vessels. C) sphincter muscles. D) bronchioles.

D) bronchioles.

A nurse educator is discussing the role of protooncogenes in the pathophysiology of cancer. What typically triggers protooncogenes to differentiate into oncogenes? A) exposure to a low-pH environment B) exposure to chemotherapeutic agents C) ischemia D) exposure to carcinogens

D) exposure to carcinogens

A nurse is providing education to a 56-year-old man who is admitted to the emergency department with an acute asthma attack. The nurse's initial assessment reveals that the patient has a history of pneumonia, drinks large quantities of coffee, and eats a high-calorie diet. Albuterol is prescribed for him. The important consideration when the nurse is preparing a teaching plan will be that the patient A) is a 56-year-old man. B) prefers a high-calorie diet. C) has a history of pneumonia. D) has a high coffee intake.

D) has a high coffee intake.

The nurse is providing education to the parents of a child who has been newly diagnosed with asthma. During teaching, the nurse should explain that asthma attacks occur when mast cells release substances that cause what reaction? A) smooth muscle dilation. B) Decreased fluid leakage. C) decreased capillary permeability. D) inflammation.

D) inflammation.

A high school student was diagnosed with asthma when he was in elementary school and has become accustomed to carrying and using his "puffers". In recent months, he has become more involved in sports and has developed a habit of administering albuterol up to 10 times daily. The nurse should teach the student that overuse of albuterol can lead to A) permanent liver damage. B) community-acquired pneumonia. C) severe anticholinergic effects. D) rebound bronchoconstriction.

D) rebound bronchoconstriction.

A client reports experiencing severe nasal congestion since starting to use an over-the-counter (OTC) nasal decongestant spray a week ago. This symptomology most supports what possible medical condition? A) bronchitis B) a drug allergy C) sinusitis D) rebound congestion

D) rebound congestion