Pharm 4

What is the mechanism of action of osmotic agents when used to decrease IOP?

Increasing plasma osmolarity and drawing extracellular fluid into the blood

The nurse is assissting with the applanation tonometry on a patient at the ophthalmologist's office. The results indicated the patient's reading to be 15 mm Hg. The nurse interprets this result as ________IOP.

Normal

Which medication is used to produce miosis following a diagnostic procedure?

Pilocarpine (Pilocar)

The nurse educator is preparing an education module for the nursing staff on the epidermal layer of the skin. Which of these statements would be included in the module? The epidermis is:

Replaced every 4 weeks

A 22-year-old woman comes to the clinic because of severe sunburn and states "I was out in the sun for just a couple of minutes." The nurse begins a medication review with her, paying special attention to which medication class?

Tetracyclines for acne

During an examination, the nurse finds that a patient has excessive dryness of the skin. The best term to describe this condition is:

Xerosis

What is the composition of hypotonic intravenous solutions such as 0.45% NaCL?

Fewer dissolved particles than blood

Which is a potential serious adverse effect associated with mannitol (Osmitrol)?

Fluid overload

A patient is admitted with hypovolemia resulting from lack of fluid intake and requires an infusion of isotonic fluids. Which IV solution will the nurse administer?

0.9% NS

Which statement(s) about aqueous humor is/are true?

1. Drains out of the eye through drainage channels located near the junction of the cornea and the sclera 2. Bathes and feeds the lens. Posterior surface of the cornea, and iris 3. Flows out of the canal of schlemm into the venous system of the eye

What is the purpose of administering a cycloplegic agent?

1. Paralyze the ciliary muscle 2. Facilitate surgery on the eye 3. Facilitate examination of the eye

A factory worker had a chemical inadvertently splashed into his right eye. An eyewash was used at the work site. Which nursing assessment(s) would be important to include? (SATA)

1. Presence of contacts or use of eyeglassess 2. type of chemical 3. Presence of pain, blurred or halo vision, or lack of vision 4. Visual acuity

The nurse assesses a patient's right hand IV site to be infiltrated. Appropriate nursing actions include: (SATA)

1. Removing the catheter as directed by policy 2. Checking capillary refill 3. Stopping the infusion 4. Elevating the affected limb.

What are important teaching points for the nurse to review with a patient recently diagnosed with open-angle glaucoma? (SATA)

1. Total blindness may result if the glaucoma is not treated 2. The disease will cause damage to the optic disk if left untreated 3. Loss of peripheral vision is a common trigger for diagnosis

Which condition would the nurse expect to be treated with an isotonic solution?

Hemorrhagic shock

Which type of medication would be used to dilate the pupils before an eye examination?

Adrenergic agent

Which discharge instruction will the nurse include for a patient sent home from the clinic who is taking an adrenergic ophthalmic solution for an acute inflammation?

Avoid driving or operating machinery until blurring subsides

The nurse keeps in mind that a thorough skin assessment is extremely important because the skin holds information about a person's:

Circulatory status

The nurse educator is preparing an education module for the nursing staff on the dermis layer of the skin. Which of these statements would be included in the module? The dermis:

Contains sensory receptors

What is the action of timolol maleate (Timoptic), a Beta-adrenergic blocking agent?

Decreases the production of aqueous humor

An older adult woman is brought to the emergency department after being found lying on the kitchen floor for 2 days. She is extremely dehydrated. What would the nurse expect to see during the examination?

Dry mucous membranes and cracked lips

An elderly patient receiving an infusion of an isotonic fluid at 100 mL/hr complains of dyspnea. The nurse notes shallow, rapid respirations and a cough that produces frothy sputum. Which is the priority nursing action?

Elevate the head of the bed

The nurse is preparing a patient for an ophthalmic examination. Which action occurs when the nurse instills eyedrops to produce mydriasis?

Extreme dilation of the pupil

Which potential complication will the nurse expect in patients with a venous access device?

infection

A 13-year-old girl is interested in obtaining information about the cause of her acne. The nurse should share with her that acne:

is caused by increased sebum production