Pharm EAQs

A 28-year-old woman seeks advice about oral contraceptives from the nurse in her company health office. What should the nurse tell her if she is a smoker?

"Oral contraceptives can cause thrombophlebitis."

Which drug may be used both for cervical ripening during labor and as a stomach protectant?

Misoprostol

Which food should be avoided by a client who is prescribed monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)?

Bologna

A nurse is caring for several clients with major thought disorders such as schizophrenia. They are all being treated with neuroleptic drugs. How do these drugs act in the body to promote mental health?

By blocking access to dopamine receptors at the postsynaptic receptor site

Which drug is derived from a natural source and may be prescribed for the treatment of osteoporosis?

Calcitonin

A client is taking fertility drugs for the first time. Which adverse effect of the drug should the nurse inform the client about?

Constipation

A client with schizophrenia who is receiving an antipsychotic medication begins to exhibit a shuffling gait and tremors. The primary healthcare provider prescribes the anticholinergic medication benztropine, 2 mg daily. What will the nurse assess the client for daily when administering these medications together?

Constipation

Which condition is contraindicated for St. John's wort herbal therapy?

dementia

Teratogen in embryonic period

gross malformation

Which antipsychotic drugs have the higher risk of causing tardive dyskinesia? Select all that apply.

Loxapine haloperidol

Which drug is administered to women after delivery to prevent postpartum uterine atony and hemorrhage but is not given to augment labor?

Methylergonovine

Which drug is used as an ovulation stimulant but may cause multiple pregnancies?

Clomiphene

What is the best drug of choice for treating obsessive-compulsive disorder?

Clomipramine

Which drug is used to prevent preterm labor?

nifedipine

A registered nurse teaches a nursing student about the effects of aspirin in pregnant women. Which statement made by the nursing student indicates a need for further teaching?

"Aspirin may cause Reye syndrome."

Nitroglycerin sublingual tablets are prescribed for a client with the diagnosis of angina. The client asks the nurse how long it should take for the chest pain to subside after nitroglycerin is taken. What should the nurse tell the client?

1 to 3 minutes

Nortriptyline three times a day is prescribed for a depressed client. When does the nurse expect a therapeutic response?

2 to 3 weeks

Herpes simplex

Acyclovir sodium- antiviral

Which medication is indicated for evacuation in case of a miscarriage?

Dinoprostone gel

Which drug worsens uncontrolled angle-closure glaucoma when used for the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder? Treats GAD and depression

Duloxetine

Which medications are used to treat generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)? Select all that apply.

Duloxetine venlafaxine escitalopram

A client is receiving antibiotics and antifungal medications for the treatment of a recurring vaginal infection. What should the nurse encourage the client to do to compensate for the effect of these medications?

Eat yogurt with active cultures daily.

A nurse is caring for a postoperative client who has a nasogastric (NG) tube set to low intermittent suction. The nurse recalls that the primary reason that an intravenous infusion of 5% dextrose with 0.45% sodium chloride and 20 mEq of potassium has been prescribed is to prevent which complication?

Electrolyte imbalance

Which hormone may be excreted in urine during pregnancy?

Human chorionic gonadotropin

Which response identified by the nurse is unrelated to an extrapyramidal tract effect?

Hypertensive crisis

Which medication is the first choice drug for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?

Methylphenidate

A nurse is counseling a pregnant client with iron-deficiency anemia about when and how to take supplemental iron. With what drink is iron absorption most efficient?

Orange juice

Which drug is a high-potency medication used to treat schizophrenia?

Fluphenazine

Which drug may lead to bruxism?

Levomilnacipran

Which drugs may cause an increase in the serum clozapine level? Select all that apply.

Ketoconazole erythromycin

During which period of pregnancy would functional disabilities in a fetus's brain occur via fetal exposure to a teratogenic agent?

Fetal period

Which drug most commonly causes extrapyramidal side effects (EPS)? Parkinsonism and agranulocytosis Gynecomastia

Haloperidol

A 3-year-old child is to receive a liquid iron preparation. What will the nurse teach the mother regarding this medication?

Have the child drink the diluted iron preparation through a straw.

An antianxiety medication is prescribed for an extremely anxious client. The client says, "I'm afraid to take this medication because I heard they're addictive." The nurse teaches the client that antianxiety medications have what properties?

Have the potential for physiologic and psychological dependence

Which adverse effect is least likely to occur in a client who is prescribed clozapine?

Myocarditis

Which drug may cause formation of abnormally small eyes in the newborn if used during pregnancy?

Nitrofurantoin

Which adverse effect of heparin may be seen during pregnancy?

Osteoporosis

Which hormone can cause ovulation and promote lactation?

Oxytocin

Which hypothalamic hormone helps to treat postpartum uterine atony and hemorrhage?

Oxytocin

Which drug is contraindicated in a pregnant client diagnosed with bipolar disorder?

Paroxetine (Paxil)

Which drug may cause sudden infant death syndrome?

Phenothiazines

A primary healthcare provider prescribes oxazepam for a client who is beginning to experience withdrawal symptoms while undergoing detoxification. What are the primary reasons that oxazepam is given during detoxification?

Reduces the anxiety-tremor state and prevents more serious withdrawal symptoms

A client who had a femoropopliteal bypass graft is receiving clopidogrel (plavix) postoperatively. What should the nurse teach the client related to the medication?

Report any occurrence of multiple bruises

Which antidepressant drug is a selective monoamine oxidase-B inhibitor?

Selegiline

Which drug would the nurse administer transdermally to treat a client with major depression?

Selegiline

A client with heart failure is to receive digoxin and asks the nurse why the medication is necessary. What physiologic response will the nurse include when answering the client's question?

Slows and strengthens cardiac contractions

Which antihypertensive drug is contraindicated in lactating women? labetalol, metoprolol, propanolol good

Tenormin

A client with schizophrenia is given an antipsychotic drug. The nurse recalls all the extrapyramidal effects associated with this type of medication and anticipates that the drug will be discontinued if which occurs?

Tardive dyskinesia

The protein binding capacity of drugs in infants is low. Which is an implication of this physiologic process?

The free levels of a drug will increase.

The primary healthcare provider prescribes a neuroleptic drug to a client diagnosed with schizophrenia. On what basis would the primary healthcare provider choose the drug?

Therapeutic effects

A client receiving the medication buspirone is admitted to the hospital with the diagnosis of possible hepatitis. The nurse identifies that the client's sclerae look yellow. What will be the nurse's initial action?

Withhold the medication.

zolpidem

insomnia

Which drug is safe to administer to a lactating woman but may cause teratogenic effects when administered to pregnant clients?

Carbamazepine

Which statement is true regarding antipsychotic drugs?

Clozapine is more effective than other second-generation antipsychotics. Causes agranulocytosis Ataxia, asthenia, and insomnia

Which statement about primary anxiolytic drugs requires correction?

Benzodiazepines increase the activity of gamma-aminobutyric acid.

Which client condition is contraindicated for prescribing clozapine?

Bone marrow depression

The nurse is teaching a client who is receiving a monoamine oxidase inhibitor about dietary restrictions. The nurse plans to caution the client to avoid which foods?

Cheese, beer, and products with chocolate

Which drug is contraindicated in clients with blood dyscrasias?

Chlorpromazine

Which drug helps to achieve sufficient maturation of the ovarian follicles?

Choriogonadotropin alfa

Which toxic effect would the nurse find in a client who has overdosed on isocarboxazid?

Circulatory collapse

Which is a second-generation antidepressant drug?

Citalopram

Which hormone causes skin discoloration?

Estrogen

Which tocolytic agent inhibits prostaglandin activity and is given along with sucralfate to help manage preterm labor?

Indomethacin

Which antihistamine is considered safe for a woman who plans to breast-feed?

Loratadine

After assessing a client, the nurse suspects that the client has shift-work sleep disorder (SWSD). Which medication would be prescribed to the client?

Modafinil

A client is started on chlorpromazine. To prevent life-threatening complications from the administration of this medication to an anxious, restless client, it is important that the nurse take which action?

Monitor the client's vital signs.

A healthcare provider diagnoses attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in a 7-year-old child and prescribes methylphenidate. The nurse discusses the child's treatment with the parents. What does the nurse emphasize as important for the parents to do?

Monitor the effect of the medication on their child's behavior.

A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving total parenteral nutrition. Which responses indicate that the client is experiencing hyperglycemia? Select all that apply.

Polyuria Polydipsia Respiratory rate of 16 (so fking wrong)

A client presents with extensive lesions due to psoriasis. Which intervention does the nurse anticipate from the healthcare provider?

Topical application of steroids

A client is admitted for induction of labor. An intravenous infusion of oxytocin is started. When the client's contractions begin they are 1.5 to 2 minutes in duration. While the nurse is in the room, one contraction lasts 3 minutes. What should the nurse do first?

Turn off the oxytocin infusion.

St. John's wort

depression

Contraceptive contraindication

hypertension

Which condition contraindicates the use of ginseng herbal therapy?

pregnancy

Which drugs are considered neuroleptics? Select all that apply.

thioridazine chlorpromazine

A client has been receiving fluphenazine for several months. The nurse will assess the client for which side effects? Select all that apply.

tremors uncoordinated movements of extremeties akathisia

A depressed client is prescribed citalopram hydrobromide. Six days later the client tearfully says to the nurse, "I'm taking an antidepressant, but it's not working. I'm hopeless." What is the best response by the nurse?

"It takes 2 or 3 weeks before it begins to relieve depression."

A postpartum client who was receiving an intravenous infusion of oxytocin to stimulate labor asks the nurse why it is not being discontinued now that the baby is born. How should the nurse respond?

"The contractions prevent excessive bleeding."