pharm exam 121314194144

3. A patient with Parkinson's disease asks the nurse why anticholinergics are used in the treatment. Which response by the nurse is most accurate?

"These drugs inhibit the action of acetylcholine."

28. What is the reason for a paraplegic patient to receive Baclofen ( Lioresal)

It interrupts reflexes at the level of the spinal cord

11. A patient receiving diazepam (Valium) is complaining of nausea and vomiting and is becoming jaundiced. Which type of blood work will be performed?

Liver function tests

21. Which medication would the nurse administer to a patient who is rating the pain at 8 on a 0 to 10 scale?

Morphine (Roxanol)

13.Which adverse effects associated with levodopa therapy would support the nursing diagnosis risk for injury?

Orthostatic hypotension

36. An older adult patient received a hypnotic agent at 9;00PM. At 2:00 Am, the nurse discovers that the patient has removed her gown and is attempting to get out of bed without assistance. What type of medication effect is the patient exhibiting?

Paradoxical effect

24. A patient is complaining of moderate bladder pain and spasms secondary to a UTI. Which drug would assist in relieving symptoms?

Phenazopyridine hydrochloride (Pyridium)

10. For what conditions are benzodiazepines prescribed?

Preoperative sedation

32. Which symptoms will be most important for the nurse to assess for early signs of respiratory distress in the pt who has been given a neuromuscular blocking agent

Restlessness, anxiety, and lethargy

12. Which sleep pattern stage diminishes as an effect of aging?

Stage IV

17. Which patient assessment would indicate to the nurse that salicylate toxicity is occurring?

Tinnitus

23. A patient experiencing chronic pain as a result of metastatic cancer has a new order for fentanyl (Duragesic) transdermal patch The initial patch is applied at 8 AM on Monday. At 8 PM on Monday the patient reports a pain level of 8. The nurse's best response is to:

provide a PRN analgesic medication as ordered.

8. A long-term care resident is taking an anticholinergic agent. The nurse observes the resident to be disoriented and hallucinating.priority nursing action

provide for resident's safety.

14. The nurse is teaching a patient with Parkinson's disease about levodopa. Which statement by they nurse is accurate regarding drug administration?

" Take this medication with food or antacids to reduce GI upset"

29. The patient's family asks why neuromuscular blocking agent are used before electroconvulsive therapy. Which explanation by the nurse is most accurate?

" They reduce the risk of injury during therapy"

31. Which medication will be prescribed for a patient complaining of muscle spasms resulting form back injury?

Cyclobenzaprine ( Flexeril )

25. A 14-year-old male is taking tolterodine (Detrol). What is the action of this drug?

Decreases the urge to void.

35. Before doing a allergy test. What should the nurse check?

Have a emergency kit ready Or Advise patient to avoid taking antihistamines 2 weeks prior

33.Which drug interaction may occur when an aminoglycoside or tetracycline is given in conjunction with neuromuscular-blocking agents?

Increased neuromuscular-blocking activity

38. The nurse is caring for an older patient recently admitted to an assisted living center who is experiencing insomnia associated with the recent relocation. At bedtime, which nursing action will assist the patient back to sleep?

Performing back massage

9. The nurse finds that a patient is extremely agitated yells frequently and is attempting to get out of bed without assistance. What is the nurse's initial action

Spend uninterrupted time listening to the patient.

34. The nurse receives a conscious patient from the postoperative unit after administration of a neuromuscular blocker. Once the patient's vital signs are stable the best position for the nurse to assist the patient into is _____ position.

semi-Fowler's

40. Why are benzodiazepines often preferred over barbiturates? (Select all that apply.)

-They have selective action at specific receptor sites. -There is a wide range of safety between therapeutic and lethal levels. -REM sleep is decreased to a lesser extent. -Accidental overdoses are well tolerated.

44. When assessing a patient for signs and symptoms of early depression immediately after leaving the postoperative are, the nurse will be alert for signs of

-restlessness -Anxiety -lethargy

18. What term is used to define an awareness of pain?

Perception

22. In which case would the nurse be correct in withholding an opiate agonist?

Respiratory rate of 10 breaths/min

27. The nurse is teaching a patient about the anticholinergic agent prescribed or urinary retention. Which statement by the patient indicates a need for further teaching ?

" I will limit my fluid intake "

42.The nurse is reviewing the urinalysis results of an older adult patient admitted with elevated temperature and incontinence. Which urinalysis properties are indicative of an infection? (Select all that apply.)

-Foul odor -pH of 8.2

41.Parkinson's disease has which characteristic symptom(s)? (Select all that apply.)

-Muscle tremors -Posture alterations -slow body movement

39.Which adverse effect(s) is/are common when a patient is receiving a cholinergic agent? (Select all that apply.)

-Nausea -Dizziness -Bradycardia

20. Which medication is contraindicated when a patient is taking warfarin (Coumadin)?

Aspirin

30. Which lab values will the nurse review prior to beginning medication therapy for skeletal and muscle disorders

C-reactive protein ( CRP) , human leukocyte antigen ( HLA) , and liver function tests

4. Before the initiation of anticholinergic medications it is important for the nurse to screen patients for which condition?

Closed-angle glaucoma

19. Which sign or symptom displayed by a patient would be indicative of opiate withdrawal?

Diarrhea

15.What is the rationale for administering levodopa instead of dopamine for treatment of Parkinson's disease?

Dopamine does not cross the blood-brain barrier when administered orally.

26. Which organism causes most UTIs?

E. coli

1. Which condition would alert the nurse of the need to use beta-adrenergic blockers cautiously?

Emphysema

2. What is the primary response to alpha-1-receptor stimulation?

Vasoconstriction

7. An older adult patient is to receive atenolol a beta-adrenergic blocking agent. Prior to administration of the drug the nurse assesses an apical pulse rate of 58 and notes ankle edema. Which action will the nurse take first?

Withhold the medication.

5. Which nerve endings liberate norepinephrine?

adrenergic

16. When a patient taking a monoamine oxidase B inhibitor receives his dietary tray the nurse knows to remove the:

cheese.

6. Prior to the administration of metoprolol, a beta blocker agent, which is the most important for the nurse to assess

Blood pressure