pharm hesi review

which mineral deficiency would a nurse suspect in a client who reports tingling in the fingers and around the mouth and exhibits carpopedal spasm and tremors after a surgical thyroidectomy?

calcium

what toxic effect would the nurse find in a client who has overdosed on isocarboxazid?

circulatory collapse

which medication is indicated for treating obsessive compulsive disorder?

clomipramine

a client is taking fertility medications for the first time. what adverse effect of the medication would the nurse inform the client about?

constipation

a client with a diagnosis of schizophrenia, paranoid type, has been receiving a phenothiazine medication. which action is important for the nurse to take to assist this client when the psychiatric daycare center plans a fishing trip?

provide the client with sunscreen.

which is the action of oxytocin?

- promotes milk ejection during lactation - controls uterine bleeding after delivery - induces labor when uterine contractions are weak

which hormone levels do not require monitoring during the administration of menotropins for infertility? a) estrogen b) luteinizing hormone c) follicle- stimulating hormone d) gonadotropin-releasing hormone

d) gonadotropin-releasing hormone

which part of the renal system does furosemide exerts its effects? a) distal tubule b) collecting duct c) glomerulus of the nephron d) loop of Henle

d) loop of henle

which medication is administered to women after delivery to prevent postpartum uterine atony and hemorrhage?? a) dinoprostone b) mifepristone c) indomethacin d) methylergonovine

d) methylergonovine

which medication is the first choice of medication for the treatment of adhd? a) clonidine b) guanfacine c) atomoxetine d) methylphenidate

d) methylphenidate

which instruction about phenytoin will the nurse provide during discharge teaching to a client with epilepsy who is prescribed phenytoin for seizure control?

- antiseizure medications will probably be continued for life

vaccines that use toxoids but not live viruses

- diphtheria, hep b, pertussis (acellular), polio, and tetanus vaccine - diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis vaccine

which hypothalamic hormone would the nurse identify as helping treat postpartum uterine atony and hemorrhage? a) oxytocin b) indomethacin c) dinoprostone d) methylergonovine

A) oxytocin oxytocin is a hypothalamic secretory hormone that helps treat postpartum uterine atony and hemorrhage.

a 2 year old toddler is to have IV antibiotic therapy. which action will the nurse take to prevent the child from pulling out the IV line? a) keep the arms restrained b) tell the child not to touch the IV site C) cover the IV site w a protective device d) have the parent hold the child continuously

C) cover the IV site w a protective device

what statement is true regarding antipsychotic medications? a) all first and second gen antipsychotics are equally effective. b) second generation antipsychotics pose a risk of extrapyramidal symptoms c) first gen antipsychotics pose a significant risk of metabolic side effects d) clozapine is more effective than other second generation antipsychotics.

D

which medication may be used to treat postpartum hemorrhage? a) clomiphene b) menotropins c) dinoprostone d) methylergonovine

D) methylergonovine methylergonovine is a medication of choice used to treat postpartum hemorrhage.

which action will the nurse take after stopping the antibiotic infusion of a client who becomes restless and flushed, and begins to wheeze during the administration of an antibiotic?

assess the clients respiratory status

a pediatric client with a past history of chicken pox reports a fever and headache. which medication would the nurse avoid giving to the client?

aspirin

the nurse understands which medication increases the risk of reyes syndrome in children

aspirin

after surgery a child experiences intense pain and an analgesic is prescribed. which would the nurse consider when administering the analgesics? a) even though children do not like medicine, analgesics will make them more comfortable. b) pain is not felt as strongly by children as by adults; therefore analgesics are not needed as frequently. c) children should rarely receive analgesics because they could cause addiction or respiratory depression d) children do not need analgesics because they quickly return to playing or sleeping when they are distracted.

a

the nurse understands which vaccine may cause intussusception in children? a) rotavirus b) hepatitis c) measles, mumps, rubella d) diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis

a

which is the most common teratogenic effect associated with thalidomide? a) shortened limbs b) growth delay c) neural tube defects d) cleft lip with cleft palate

a

which medication may cause ebstein anomaly as a teratogenic effect and is contraindicated in breast feeding clients? a) lithium b) ibuprofen c) vitamin A d) nitrofurantoin

a

the nurse is planning to administer a modified bacteria immunization to preschool child. Which agent will be administered?

a vaccine

which statement by the nurse regarding anesthetic drugs in pediatric clients requires correction? a) "pediatric clients are more affected by anesthesia than adults" b) "during general anesthesia, the upper airway obstruction is less in pediatrics" c) "cardiac abnormalities are more common in pediactric clients receiving anesthesia" d) "the central nervous system of pediatric clients is more sensitive to the effects of anesthetics"

b) "during general anesthesia, the upper airway obstruction is less in pediatrics

which medication is a teratogen that may cause masculinization of a female fetus? a) lithium b) danazol c) nitrofurantoin d) carbamazepine

b) danazol

which vaccine is use to prevent human papilloma virus infection?

gardasil

what medication may lead to bruxism?

levomilnacipran

which MOA explains how glyburide decreases serum glucose levels? a) stimulates the pancreas to produce insulin b) accelerates the liver's release of stored glycogen c) increases glucose transport across the cell membrane d) decreases absorption of glucose from the gastrointestinal system

stimulates the pancreas to produce insulin

which test would the nurse identify as specific for the diagnosis of myasthenia gravis? a) electromyography b) pyridostigmine test c) edrophonium chloride test d) history of physical deterioration

the edrophonium chloride test

the nurse understands which antiepileptic medication would be used as the first line treatment for absence seizures? a) phenytoin b) diazepam c) valproic acid d) acetazolamide

valproic acid

the nurse understands which group of pediatric population is at a high risk of developing respiratory complications upon administration of general anesthesia? a) infants b) children c) neonates c) adolescents

neonates

which statements regarding the adverse effects of immunization are true?

- only poliovirus vaccine paralytic poliomyelitis - swelling of glands in the cheek and neck is an adverse effect of measles vaccine -fever and erythema at the injection site are common adverse effects of all vaccines

which medication is derived from a natural source and may be prescribed for the treatment of osteoporosis? a) calcitonin b) raloxifene c) clomiphene d) bisphosphonates

a) calcitonin

a client with schizophrenia who is receiving an antipsychotic medication begins to exhibit a shuffling gait and tremors. the primary healthcare provider prescribes the anticholinergic medication benztropine, 2 mg daily. which symptom should the nurse inquire about when assessing the client? a) constipation b) hypertension c) increased salivation d) excessive perspiration

a) constipation

by which process would total parenteral nutrition (TPN) on outpatient basis help a client with Crohn's disease prepare for surgery a) decreasing fecal bulk b) preventing bowel infection c) providing stimulation of secretions d) maintaining negative nitrogen balance

a) decreasing fecal bulk

the nurse understands which anesthetic medication is commonly used for short procedures on pediatric clients? a) fentanyl b) morphine c) meperidine d) hydromorphone

a) fentanyl is recommended for short procedures on pediatric clients. for long procedures in which pain is anticipated even after the procedure, morphine should be administered.

which information would the nurse provide to a client with hyperthyroidism receiving methimazole? a) initial improvement will take several weeks b) few side effects are associated with this medication c) this medication may be taken at any time during the day. d) large loading doses are used initially to normalize thyroid function.

a) initial improvement will take several weeks

a child is administered a rotavirus vaccine. which adverse medication effect would the nurse monitor for? a) intussusception b) encephalopathy c) thrombocytopenia d) guillain-barre syndrome

a) intussusception in rare cases, rotavirus vaccine cause intussusception

which vaccine is administered through the intranasal route?

a) rotavirus vaccine b) influenza (live) vaccine c) varicella virus vaccine d) Human papillomavirus vaccine

which action would the nurse expect in the plan of care of a client scheduled for an adrenalectomy>

administer parenteral corticosteroids.

which medication may cause malformation of the male external genitalia? a) etretinate b) dutasteride c) methimazole d) propylthiouracil

b) dutasteride

which effect would the nurse identify as seen when the fetus is exposed to a teratogen during the embryonic period? a) delay in growth b) gross malformations c) death of the conceptus d) disruptions of brain development

b) gross malformations

which birth control agent requires administration once every three months? a) progestin-only pills b) intramuscular progestin c) combination biphasic form d) combination monophasic form

b) intramuscular progestin

which medication would the nurse identify as being use to induce abortion? a) oxytocin b) mifepristone c) dinoprostone d) indomethacin

b) mifepristone

which medication is indicated to treat shift work sleep disorder (SWSD)? a) caffeine b) modafinil c) atomoxetine d) methylphenidate

b) modafinil modafinil is a unique nonamphetamine stimulant used to treat SWSD

which medication is use to inhibit preterm contractions? a) oxytocin b) nifedipine c) raloxifene d) clomiphene

b) nifedipine

which medication would the nurse identify as a potential cause for the formation of abnormally small eyes in the newborn if used during pregnancy? a) estrogens b) nitrofurantoin c) methotrexate d) valproic acid

b) nitrofurantoin

which reply by the nurse is appropriate when a client ask how psychotropic medications work? a) "these medications decrease the metabolic needs of your brain" b) "these medications increase the production of healthy nervous tissue" c) "these medications affect the chemicals used in communication between nerve cells" d) these medications regulate sensory input received from the external environment"

c) "these medications affect the chemicals used in communication between nerve cells"

which medication may cause photophobia as an adverse effect? a) nifedipine b) alendronate c) clomiphene d) indomethacin

c) clomiphene

which teratogenic effect is seen because of lithium? a) stillbirth b) shortened limbs c) ebstein anomaly d) neural tube defects

c) ebstein anomaly ebstein anomaly (cardiac defects) in the newborn occurs because of taking lithium during pregnancy.

in which category of fluids would the nurse classify an intravenous solution of 0.45% sodium chloride? a) isotonic b) isomeric c) hypotonic d) hypertonic

c) hypotonic hypotonic solutions are less concentrated (contain less than 0.85 g of sodium chloride in each 100 mL) than body fluids

the nurse identifies which medication as an abortion pill? a) oxytocin b) methotrexate c) mifepristone d) methylergonovine

c) mifepristone

the nurse understands which medication class may cause kernicterus in neonates? a) salicylates b) tetracyclines c) sulfonamides d) glucocorticoids

c) sulfonamides sulfonamides may cause kernicterus in neonates. salicylates may cause reye syndrome. tetracyclines may cause the discoloration of developing teeth. glucocorticoids may causes growth suppression

which type of vaccines triggers the recipient's immune system to produce antitoxins? a) live vaccines b) killed vaccines c) toxoid vaccines d) specific immune globulins

c) toxoid vaccines

which mechanism is specifically responsible for the action of the medication ranitidine? a) inhibiting proton pumps b) promoting the release of gastrin c) regenerating the release of gastrin d) inhibiting the histamine at H2 receptors

d

which explanation would the nurse provide for administering prednisone to a client with an exacerbation of colitis? a) the client will be protected from getting an infection b) symptoms associated with the colitis will decrease slowly over time c) although the medication causes anorexia, weight loss may not occur d) although the medication decreases intestinal inflammation, it will not cure the colitis

d) although the medication decreases intestinal inflammation, it will not cure the colitis

which hormone may cause vaginal carcinoma in a female child after birth? a) estrogen b) progesterone c) androgens d) diethylstilbestrol

d) diethylstilbestrol