pharm prep u

The nurse is discussing diabetes with a group of individuals who are at risk for the disease. Which statement by a participant indicates an understanding of the role of insulin in the disease?

"Insulin assists glucose molecules to enter the cells of muscle and fat tissues."

The nurse is caring for a client who has been prescribed glyburide. Which factor, if identified in the client history, would cause the nurse to inform the health care provider of a contraindication to use?

Allergy to sulfonamides

A client who began treatment for type 2 diabetes 8 months ago is now meeting with a diabetic nurse for a scheduled follow-up. How can the nurse best assess the client's glycemic control since beginning treatment?

Assess the most recent hemoglobin A1C levels.

A nurse is assigned to administer glargine to a patient at a health care facility. What precaution should the nurse take when administering glargine?

Avoid mixing glargine with other insulin.

The nurse is preparing to administer a mixture of 12 units regular insulin and 45 units NPH insulin to a client with a blood sugar of 378 mg/dL. After the nurse draws the medication into the syringe, what is the nurse's next action?

Check the dosage with another nurse.

A female client visits the health care provider's office after routine labs are drawn. The nurse notes that her A1C is 9. How does the nurse interpret this finding?

Client's average blood glucose is above normal.

Insulin binds with and activates receptors on cell membranes. Once insulin-receptor binding occurs, the membranes become highly permeable to glucose. Which action does this enable?

Entry of glucose into the cells

The nurse is providing education to the parents of a child newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes. What distinguishing characteristic of the disorder does the nurse include in the teaching?

Exogenous insulin is required for life.

What would alert the nurse to suspect that a client is developing ketoacidosis?

Fruity breath odor

A man is brought to the emergency department. He is nonresponsive, and his blood glucose level is 32 mg/dL. Which would the nurse expect to be ordered?

Glucagon

The nurse is preparing to administer 20 units of NPH insulin to a client. Before administering the medication, the nurse should implement which intervention?

Have a colleague confirm the dosage.

The nurse is interviewing a client who was diagnosed with type 2 diabetes four months ago. The client does not record glucometer readings. What laboratory test does the nurse anticipate the health care provider will order for this client?

HbA1c

When describing the effects of incretins on blood glucose control to a group of students, which would an instructor include?

Increases insulin release

A nurse at a health care facility is assigned to administer insulin to the patient. Which intervention should the nurse perform before administering each insulin dose?

Inspect the previous injection site for inflammation.

What is the expected action of sitagliptin on type 2 diabetes?

It slows the rate of inactivation of the incretin hormones.

The nurse who has admitted a client with diabetic ketoacidosis should look for what assessment findings that are consistent with this diagnosis?

Ketones in the urine Flushed, dry skin

The two major classifications of diabetes are type 1 and type 2. What is a distinguishing characteristic of type 1 diabetes?

Lifelong exogenous insulin is required.

The school nurse identifies more children with type 2 diabetes each year and recognizes that this trend is mainly attributed to what issue?

Obesity and inadequate exercise

A nurse is caring for a patient with diabetes mellitus who is receiving an oral antidiabetic drug. Which of following ongoing assessments should the nurse perform when caring for this patient?

Observe the patient for hypoglycemic episodes.

A client is prescribed sitagliptin. The nurse would expect to administer this drug by which route?

Oral

A patient at a health care facility has been prescribed diazoxide for hypoglycemia due to hyperinsulinism. What adverse reactions to the drug should the nurse monitor for in the patient?

Tachycardia

A client diagnosed with type 2 diabetes several months ago has presented for a scheduled follow-up appointment. Which stated behavior most clearly indicates that the client has established effective health maintenance?

The client frequently checks blood glucose levels.

Which condition must be met in order for glyburide treatment to be effective?

The client must have functioning pancreatic beta cells.

A nurse is caring for a client receiving metformin drug therapy to improve glycemic control. What adverse reaction to the drug should the nurse monitor the client for?

asthenia

A nurse is caring for a client with elevated blood glucose levels who is to receive alpha-glucosidase inhibitor drug therapy. The nurse understands that this therapy would be contraindicated if the client had which condition? Select all that apply.

cirrhosis chronic intestinal diseases colonic ulceration

Which medication would a nurse identify as a noninsulin injectable antidiabetic drug?

exenatide

The nurse is providing education to a client who has been prescribed therapy with an antidiabetic medication. During teaching, the nurse will caution the client against heavy intake of which herb?

garlic

When reviewing the medication list of a client being seen in the clinic, the nurse notes that the client is receiving glipizide. Based on the nurse's understanding, this drug is used to treat:

hyperglycemia.

After reviewing information about different insulin preparations, a nursing student demonstrates understanding of the information when the student identifies which medication as an example of a long-acting insulin?

insulin glargine

A client's current condition requires rapid reduction of blood sugar levels. Which type of insulin will have the most rapid onset of action?

insulin lispro

A nurse is preparing to administer a rapid-acting insulin. Which medication would the nurse likely administer?

insulin lispro

normal A1C level

less than 5.7%

Rosiglitazone is being considered for the treatment of diabetes in an adult client. Before the initiation of rosiglitazone therapy, the nurse should review what laboratory work recently drawn?

liver enzymes

After teaching a class about the various drugs used to control blood glucose, the instructor determines that the teaching was successful when the class identifies what as a biguanide?

metformin

The nurse is preparing to administer insulin intravenously to a client with a blood glucose level over 600 mg/dL (33.33 mmol/L). What type of insulin will the nurse most likely give?

regular

When considering the management of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), what type of insulin can be administered intravenously?

regular