pharma last 45

The rate of drug absorption would be increased by which of the following? A. drug ionization B. water solubility C. positively charged drug D. negatively charged drug E. lipid solubility

E. lipid solubility

Which of the following is the proper way to write the improper fraction 14/4? A. 14/4 B. 12 C. 2½ D. 31 E. 31

C. 2½

The main effect of aging on drug absorption is: A. increased intestinal surface area B. faster onset of action C. slowing of drug absorption D. increased blood flow to intestines E. increased GI motility

C. slowing of drug absorption

Drug X is to be administered intravenously at a dosage of 20 mg/kg. A patient weighing 60 kg should receive: A. 60 mg B. 120 mg C. 600 mg D. 1200 mg E. 1800 mg

D. 1200 mg

Drugs that have demonstrated teratogenic effects in women are classified as Pregnancy Category: A. B B. C C. D D. X E. NR

D. X

Select the information needed to use Fried's rule. A. height of child B. body surface area C. weight of child D. age in months E. percent body fat

D. age in months

A drug that has the potential for abuse and is regulated by the Drug Enforcement Agency is classified as a: A. poison B. OTC drug C. prescription drug D. controlled substance E. nonproprietary drug

D. controlled substance

Select the factor that would not cause a decrease in drug metabolism in the elderly. A. decreased liver blood flow B. decreased drug microsomal enzymes C. reduced liver organ size D. decreased cardiac output E. tobacco smoking

D. decreased cardiac output

Age-related physiological changes that occur in humans include: A. decreased cardiac output B. decrease in organ size C. decreased blood flow to the liver D. fewer cells to carry out organ functions E. all of these

E. all of these

Which of the following could be categorized as an adverse reaction? A. Idiosyncrasy B. drug allergy C. teratogenicity D. carcinogenicity E. all of these

E. all of these

The time from drug administration to the first observable drug effect is known as the: A. duration of action B. onset of action C. ceiling effect D. maximal response E. ceiling effect

B. onset of action

The measurement of creatinine can be used to evaluate: A. liver function B. renal function C. cardiac function D. intestinal function E. respiratory function

B. renal function

The drug administration route demonstrating the slowest onset of action is: A. inhalation B. transdermal C. intramuscular D. sublingual E. intravenous

B. transdermal

First-pass metabolism refers to the metabolism of drugs in the: A. kidney B. blood vessels C. liver D. heart E. adipose tissue

C. liver

The study of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion is known as: A. pharmacotherapeutics B. pharmacodynamics C. pharmacokinetics D. pharmacy E. posology

C. pharmacokinetics

The proprietary drug name supplied by a pharmaceutical company is also referred to as the: A. generic name B. over-the-counter name C. trade name D. chemical name E. none of these

C. trade name

The medical situation when a particular drug should not be administered is referred to as A. side effect B. adverse effect C. drug allergy D. contraindication E. antagonism

D. contraindication

In order for drugs to cross the blood-brain barrier, they must be: A. ionized B. positively charged C. water soluble D. lipid soluble E. negatively charged

D. lipid soluble

Which factor of individual variation is dependent upon the patient's attitude toward treatment? A. Weight B. Age C. genetic variation D. placebo effect E. gender

D. placebo effect

The time a drug continues to produce its effect is its: A. ED50 B. maximal response C. ceiling effect D. onset of action E. duration of action

E. duration of action

When the combined effect of two drugs, each producing the same biological response by the same mechanism of action, is equal to the sum of their individual effects.

additive effects

When the combined effect of two drugs is less than the sum of their individual effects.

antagonism

The study of the action of drugs on living tissue.

pharmacodynamics

The study of the processes of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion.

pharmacokinetics

The study of drugs.

pharmacology

The study of the use of drugs in treating disease.

pharmacotherapeutics

The science of preparing and dispensing medicines.

pharmacy

The study of the amount of drug that is required to produce therapeutic effects.

posology

When the combined effect of two drugs, each producing the same biological response but by a different mechanism of action, is equal to the sum of their individual effects.

summation

When the combined effect of two drugs is greater than the sum of their individual effects.

synergism

Decreased drug effects after chronic administration.

tolerance

The study of the harmful effects of drugs on living tissue.

toxicology

Which FDA pregnancy category would appear to be the safest for a developing fetus? A. Category A B. Category B C. Category C D. Category D E. Category X

A. Category A

Usually refers to physical alterations of drugs that occur before administration when different drugs are mixed in the same syringe or other container.

incompatibility

Select the term below that relates to the amount of drug administered to produce a therapeutic effect: A. Posology B. Toxicology C. Pharmacodynamics D. Pharmacotherapeutics E. Pharmacy

A. Posology

Which type of drug interaction describes a combined effect equal to the sum of the individual effects of two drugs? A. Summation B. Synergism C. Antagonism D. Incompatibility E. none of these

A. Summation

Drug X has a half-life of 6 hours. How much drug is left in the body 18 hours after an IV injection of 1200 milligrams (mg)? A. 75 mg B. 150 mg C. 300 mg D. 600 mg E. 900 mg

B. 150 mg

An analgesic is ordered for intramuscular injection. If the concentration of analgesic available is 8 mg/ml, how many milliliters should be administered for a dosage of 20 mg? A. 2.0 B. 2.5 C. 3.0 D. 3.5 E. 4

B. 2.5

here is a drug order for 75 mg of drug. The drug is available in 30-mg scored tablets. How many tablets should be administered? A. 2 B. 2½ C. 3 D. 3½ E. 4

B. 2½

Drug distribution is affected with aging due to: A. increased lean body mass B. decreased total body water C. decreased percentage of body fat D. increased concentration of plasma proteins E. increased total body water

B. decreased total body water

When a drug increases the rate of drug metabolism of other drugs, the process is termed: A. first-pass metabolism B. enzyme induction C. enzyme inhibition D. enterohepatic cycling E. microsomal inhibition

B. enzyme induction

A medication that does not require a physician's service to obtain is referred to as: A. Trade B. Nonproprietary C. Nonprescription D. Brand E. Generic

C. Nonprescription

Nutritional deficiencies, particularly decreased protein intake, can: A. increase plasma protein concentration B. decrease concentration of unbound free drug C. decrease drug metabolizing enzymes D. decrease duration and intensity of drug action E. increase albumin concentration

C. decrease drug metabolizing enzymes

An unusual or unexpected drug reaction by an individual is known as A. toxic effect B. antagonism C. idiosyncrasy D. side effect E. drug allergy

C. idiosyncrasy

Select the value that is equal to 0.025 g. A. 25000 mcg B. 25 kg C. 0.0025 g D. 0.0025 mg E. 0.25 g

A. 25000 mcg