Pharmacogenetics

A friend of a patient calls the office to let you know they are concerned about the dosage level of the phenytoin their friend is taking. It is a much higher dose than usual. You note that the patient is a poor metabolizer of phenytoin based on genetic testing. Which of the following is an appropriate response?

"I will pass this information of to the appropriate person"

Which of the following suggests an increased risk for a genetic disorder? Select all that apply

Aunt with bipolar Father with allergy mother with cancer

What is a large area of focus that is currently impacted by pharmacogenomics?

Metabolism of drugs though the liver based on genomics

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My mom had a terrible reaction to this drug

Which of the following best describes Pharmacogenomics?

Pharmacogenomics is the study of how genetics impacts drug metabolism.

Fill in the blanks

Pharmacogenomics is the study of how genetics impacts drug metabolism. This can include variations in enzymes in the liver that may change drug potency. For example, if a patient does not make enough of an enzyme that metabolizes a certain drug, that drug will be in the system more time and be less effective.

metabolizing

Pharmacogenomics involves the sciences of pharmacology and genomics. It studies how medications are metabolized by the body based on the presence of extra copies of a gene, or inactive copies of a gene. Patient's with extra copies are ultra-metabolizers and tend to metabolize medication faster. Patients with inactive copies are poor metabolizers and will metabolize medication slower.

A friend recently started taking the antidepressant sertraline (Zoloft). She is experiencing severe side effects. Which of the following could be a reason? Select all that apply.

She may have taken too high of a dose causing an adverse reaction, she could have CYP2d6 polymorphism. her medication may interact with something else she is taking. allergic reaction

New treatments for cancer include which of the following?

Targeted gene therapy

A person has a 2d6 enzyme deficiency. How would a drug metabolize through the 2d6 pathway?

The drug will be metabolized slowly

Which genetic issues are important for privacy and confidentiality? Select all that apply.

The results of genetic testing for cancer markers in a healthy person. Family history of a reaction to a specific drug. A person's genetic test describing cytochrome p450 enzyme metabolism.

Grant has CYP2d6 polymorphism. Which of the following suggests an understanding of this when being prescribed codeine?

This medication doesn't work for me, it does nothing for my pain.

Julie and Kim both take acetaminophen with codeine for chronic low back pain. That drug is metabolized by the cytochrome p450 2d6 pathway. A recent genetic test showed that Julie carries two inactive copies of the CYP2d6 gene. Which of the following would you expect to occur to Julie compared to Kim?

This will not help Julie's pain as much as Kim's.

Bill has 2d6 polymorphism and requires warfarin because if his atrial fibrillation. In reviewing his medications, you would expect which of the following conditions to apply?

he will require a higher dose of warfarin

What drug attribute might be affected by a patient's genetics?

metabolized in the p450 enzyme system

Which of the following specialties does pharmacogenomics incorporate? Select all that apply.

pharmacology genomics