Pharmacology Chapters 41, 42, 44

Which condition will neostigmine be used to treat? a. OAB b. postoperative or postdelivery urinary retention c. benign prostatic hypertrophy d. UTI

b. postoperative or postdelivery urinary retention

What may become discolored by phenazopyridine (Pyridium) in addition to the urine? a. saliva b. sclera c. sputum d. feces

b. sclera

What is the purpose of administering a cycloplegic agent? a. facilitate surgery on the eye b. paralyze the ciliary muscle c. Facilitate examination of the eye d. cause pupillary dilation e. decrease the production of aqueous humor

a. facilitate surgery on the eye b. paralyze the ciliary muscle c. Facilitate examination of the eye

The nurse is caring for a patient taking Pyridium for the diagnosis of UTI. What should the nurse report to the health care provider? (select all that apply) a. Increased pain and burning b. orange-colored urine c. headache d. flushing e. yellow sclera

a. Increased pain and burning e. yellow sclera

What is the mechanism of action of osmotic agents when used to decrease IOP? a. Increasing plasma osmolarity and drawing extracellular fluid into the blood b. promoting outflow of the aqueous humor into the tear ducts c. Decreasing viscosity of the tears and allowing fluid to drain away from the eye d. blocking production of aqueous humor

a. Increasing plasma osmolarity and drawing extracellular fluid into the blood

A patient is complaining of moderate bladder pain and spasms secondary to a UTI. Which drug would assist in relieving symptoms? a. Phenazopyridine (Pyridium) b. Oxybutynin c. Nitrofurantoin d. Tolerodine (Detrol)

a. Phenazopyridine (Pyridium)

A patient has been taking an antimicrobial agent prescribed to treat a UTI for 2 days. She contacts the health care provider's office to report persistence of symptoms. In evaluating the medication effectiveness, which assessment(s) would be important? (select all that apply) a. amount of daily fluid intake and output b.GI symptom complaints c. Persistence of nocturia d. amount of pain with urination as well as frequency e. complete emptying of the bladder f. bleeding with urination

a. amount of daily fluid intake and output b.GI symptom complaints d. amount of pain with urination as well as frequency e. complete emptying of the bladder f. bleeding with urination

The nurse is assisting with postpartum care for a mother who has given birth to her fourth child. She reports a moderate amount of urinary incontinence since the birth of her third child and is concerned that this problem will worsen. Which instruction(s) may facilitate management of incontinence? (select all that apply) a. importance of establishing a regular toileting schedule b. instruction of proper wiping technique to prevent bacterial infection c. information of incontinence products and appliances d. education on bladder training and Kegel exercises e. importance of increasing fluid intake f. information on personal hygiene measures to prevent perianal breakdown

a. importance of establishing a regular toileting schedule b. instruction of proper wiping technique to prevent bacterial infection c. information of incontinence products and appliances d. education on bladder training and Kegel exercises f. information on personal hygiene measures to prevent perianal breakdown

What is the reason for a paraplegic patient to receive baclofen (Lioreseal)? a. it interrupts reflexes at the level of the spinal cord b. it interrupts transmission of impulses from motor nerves to muscles at the skeletal neuromuscular junction c. it acts directly on the skeletal muscles to reduce spasticity d. it produces generalized mild weakness of skeletal muscles and decreases the force of reflex muscle contractions

a. it interrupts reflexes at the level of the spinal cord

Which discharge instruction will the nurse include for a patient sent home from the clinic who is taking an adrenergic ophthalmic solution for an acute inflammation? a. mouth dryness should be reported immediately b. "Halos" or yellow rings around objects will be seen while taking this medication c. headaches and eye pain are adverse effects to be reported to the health care provider immediately d. avoid driving or operating machinery until blurring subsides

a. mouth dryness should be reported immediately

The nurse receives a conscious patient from the postoperative unit after administering of a neuromuscular blocker. Once the patient's vital signs are stable, the best position for the nurse to assist the patient into is _________ position. a. semi-Fowler's b. prone c. sims d. supine

a. semi-fowler's

An employee at a factory has not been to work because of low back muscle spasms. His wife contacts the occupational health nurse to report that her spouse is on a centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant and is having problems with sleepiness. Based on the medication action, what will the nurse tell her? (select all that apply) a. "The health care provider should be notified because these drugs are contraindicated in the treatment of low back pain" b. "Your husband should avoid activities requiring alertness, such as driving or operating power equipment" c. "I need additional and specific information regarding the amount of your husbands sedation" d. "I will review baseline laboratory studies, discuss your husband's status with the health care provider, and call you back" e. "Sedation is an adverse effect of these medications and tends to resolve with continued therapy."

b. "Your husband should avoid activities requiring alertness, such as driving or operating power equipment" c. "I need additional and specific information regarding the amount of your husbands sedation" d. "I will review baseline laboratory studies, discuss your husband's status with the health care provider, and call you back" e. "Sedation is an adverse effect of these medications and tends to resolve with continued therapy."

A patient taking a neuromuscular-blocking agent is assessed to have a heart rate of 120 and blood pressure of 80/50. The nurse will anticipate the physician writing an order for a. CBC b. ABGs c. blood glucose levels d. liver function tests

b. ABGs

A 42yo woman is admitted with complaints of dysuria, frequency, and lower back pain. The urinalysis report is positive for red blood cells, and the blood work shows an elevated white blood cell count. Which medication will the nurse anticipate that the health care provider will order? a. Meperidine b. Ciprofloxacin (Cipro) c. Metronidazole (Flagyl) d. Bethanechol chloride (Urecholine)

b. Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)

A patient taking antipsychotic medication for schizophrenia is admitted with a temperature of 106 F. The admitting diagnosis is neuroleptic malignant syndrome resulting from antipsychotic medication. Which drug is indicated in treatment of this condition? a. Baclofen (Dantrium) b. Dantrolene (Dantrium) c. Metaxalone (Skelaxin) d. Edrophonium (Tensilon)

b. Dantrolene (Dantrium)

Which type of medication would be used to dilate the pupils before an eye examination? a. beta-adrenergic agent? b. adrenergic agent c. corticosteroid d. osmotics

b. adrenergic agent

Which common adverse effects occur with neuromuscular-blocking agents? a. ataxia b. flushing c. nausea d. fever

b. flushing

How often is fosfomycin (Monurol) usually administered when used in the treatment of UTIs? a. monthly b. in a one time dose c. once per week d. once per day

b. in a one time dose

The nurse is assisting with applanation tonometry on a patient at the ophthalmologist's office. The results indicate the patient's reading to bw15 mm Hg. The nurse interprets this result as _______ IOP. a. slightly increased b. normal c. decreased d. severely increased

b. normal

Which organism causes most UTIs? a. Pseudomonas aeruginosa b. Proteus mirabilis c. Escherichia Coli d. Klebsiella pneunoniae

c. Escherichia Coli

Which interventions will help stimulate urination when a patient is experiencing postoperative urinary retention? (select all that apply) a. increasing IV fluids b. reinforcing Kegel exercises c. administration of bethanechol chloride (Urecholine) d. urinary catheterization e. Pouring warm water over the perineum

c. administration of bethanechol chloride (Urecholine) e. Pouring warm water over the perineum

a 14 yo male is taking tolterodine (Detrol). What is the action of this drug? a. decreases the urge to void b. prevents urinary retention c. decreases the urge to void d. acidifies urine

c. decreases the urge to void

Why are neuromuscular-blocking agents used? (select all that apply) a. alleviation of pain b. producing amnesia during painful procedures c. easing endotracheal intubation and prevent laryngospasm d. decreasing muscular activity in electroshock therapy e. reducing the use and adverse effects of general anesthetics

c. easing endotracheal intubation and prevent laryngospasm d. decreasing muscular activity in electroshock therapy e. reducing the use and adverse effects of general anesthetics

Which is a potential serious adverse effect associated with mannitol (Osmitrol)? a. Fever b. Anaphylaxis c. fluid overload d. bradycardia

c. fluid overload

Which laboratory values will the nurse review prior to beginning medication therapy for skeletal and muscle disorders? a. arterial blood gasses (ABGs), complete blood count (CBC), and electrolytes b. sodium, magnesium, and chloride c. glucose, high-density lipoproteins (HDL), and prothrombin time (PT) d. C-reactive liver protein (CRP), human leukocyte antigen (HLA), and liver function tests

d. C-reactive liver protein (CRP), human leukocyte antigen (HLA), and liver function tests

Which medication will be prescribed for a patient complaining of muscle spasms resulting from a back injury? a. Bethanechol (Urecholine) b. Morphine sulfate c. Acetaminophen (Tylenol) d. Cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril)

d. Cyclobenzaprine (Flexeril)

A patient who has undergone a lengthy surgical procedure under general anesthesia is unable to breathe on his own following the procedure. Which drug will the nurse expect to be administered as an antidote to the neuromuscular-blocking agent? a. Baclofen (Liorseal) b. Ether c. Dantrolene (Dantrium) d. Neostigmine methylsulfate (Prostigmin)

d. Neostigmine methylsulfate (Prostigmin)

Which medication is used to produce miosis following a diagnostic procedure? a. epinephrine (EpiPen) b. Mannitol (Osmitrol) c. Atropine (Isopto Atropine) d. Pilocarpine (Pilocar)

d. Pilocarpine (Pilocar)

The nurse is preparing a patient for an ophthalmic examination. Which action occurs when the nurse instills eyedrops to produce mydriasis? a. Paralysis of the ciliary muscle b. opening if the canal of Schlemm c. drying of tears in the eye d. extreme dilation of the pupil

d. extreme dilation of the pupil

What is the action of urinary antimicrobial agents? a. enhance output enough to flush out the infection from the urinary tract b. eliminate urinary retention c. reduce pain associated with bladder spasms caused by the infection d. have an antiseptic effect om the urine and the urinary tract

d. have an antiseptic effect om the urine and the urinary tract

In the intensive care unit, the nurse is taking care of a patient who is on a ventilator and is receiving succinylcholine (Anectine). Which is a priority nursing diagnosis for this patient? a. disturbed body image b. self-care deficit c. risk for injury d. pain

d. pain

When obtaining urine for analysis on a patient in the labor and birth unit, the nurse assess the urine to appear frothy. The nurse interprets this as a sign of possible a. infection b. gestational diabetes c. dehydration d. preeclampsia (toxemia)

d. preeclampsia (toxemia)

The nurse is preparing to administer a single-dose packet of fosfomycin to a patient diagnosed with a UTI. When preparing the medication, the nurse will a. nix contents with 120mL of water and administer by mouth b. pour contents into 90mL of juice, stir, and administer by mouth c. mix with 3mL of normal saline and inject subcutaneously d. pour contents into a soufflé cup and administer by mouth

a. nix contents with 120mL of water and administer by mouth

What information will the nurse include when instructing a patient on the correct method of instilling eye drops? (select all that apply) a. place the lid on the surface area as instructed to avoid contamination b. wipe eye from the outer canthus to inner canthus c. wash hands before and after administration d. never touch the tip of the dropper or opening of the ointment container e. with an infection, prevent cross-contamination and use a separate source of medication and droppers for each eye

a. place the lid on the surface area as instructed to avoid contamination c. wash hands before and after administration d. never touch the tip of the dropper or opening of the ointment container e. with an infection, prevent cross-contamination and use a separate source of medication and droppers for each eye

The nurse is examining a patient in the emergency department whose chief complaint is a dislocated shoulder. Which assessment data are needed to evaluate the patient? (select all that apply) a. Inspection of the affected part for swelling, capillary refill, bruising, redness, localized tenderness, deformities, and paresthesia b. pain level c. evaluation of the affected extremity d. details related to the mechanism of injury e. degree of impairment

a. Inspection of the affected part for swelling, capillary refill, bruising, redness, localized tenderness, deformities, and paresthesia b. pain level d. details related to the mechanism of injury e. degree of impairment

A factory worker has a chemical inadvertently splash into his right eye. An eyewash was used at the work site. Which nursing assessments would be important to include? (select all that apply) a. presence of pain, blurred or halo vision, or lack of vision b. presence of nystagmus c. presence of contacts or use of eyeglasses d. type of chemical e. visual acuity

a. presence of pain, blurred or halo vision, or lack of vision c. presence of contacts or use of eyeglasses d. type of chemical e. visual acuity

Which assessment is most important for the nurse to obtain when a patient is being treated with a neuromuscular-blocking agent? a. respiratory assessment for patent airway b. Blood pressure assessment for orthostatic hypotension c. assessment for fluid volume overload d. skin assessment for rash and urticaria

a. respiratory assessment for patent airway

Which symptoms will be most important for the nurse to assess for early signs of respiratory distress in the patient who has been given a neuromuscular-blocking agent? a. pallor, stridor, and diaphoresis b. dyspnea, increased respiratory rate, and cyanosis c. restlessness, anxiety, and lethargy d. nasal flaring and retraction of intercostal muscles

c. restlessness, anxiety, and lethargy

After undergoing prostate surgery, a patient is discharged on the medication phenazopyridine hydrochloride (Pyridium) to assist with urinary catheter discomfort. What information will the nurse include in the discharge teaching? a. The sclera of the eye is yellow while on therapy b. urine will have a foul smell while taking this medication c. urine will appear reddish orange d. diarrhea and abdominal cramping are expected adverse effects

c. urine will appear reddish orange