Pharmacology - FINAL EXAM 5

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is about to start psyllium to treat Constipation. Which of the following instruction should the nurse include? (select all that apply) a. avoid activities that require mental alertness b. expect results in 2-4 hours. c. urinate every 4 hours d. increase fluid and fiber intake e. take the drug with 8 ounces of fluid

take the drug with 8 ounces of fluid, increase fluid and fiber intake

You are providing discharge teaching to a patient taking Sucralfate (Carafate). Which statement by the patient demonstrates they understand how to take this medication? (Select all that apply) a. "I will take this medication once a week." b. "I will always take this medication on an empty stomach." c. "It is best to take this medication with antacids." d. "I will take this medication as a preventative therapy for stomach ulcers"

"I will always take this medication on an empty stomach.", "I will take this medication as a preventative therapy for stomach ulcers"

You are providing discharge teaching to a patient taking Sucralfate (Carafate). Which statement by the patient demonstrates they understand how to take this medication? (Select all that apply) a. "It is best to take this medication with antacids." b. "I will continue to take this medication as a preventative therapy" c. "I will take this medication once a week." d. "I will always take this medication on an empty stomach."

"I will always take this medication on an empty stomach.", "I will continue to take this medication as a preventative therapy"

The nurse determines the client needs further instruction on cimetidine (Tagamet) if which statements were made? Select all that apply. a. "I'll know the medication is working if my diarrhea stops." b. "Some of my blood levels will need to be monitored closely since I also take warfarin for atrial fibrillation." c. "My episodes of heartburn will decrease if the medication is effective." d. "I will take the cimetidine with my meals." e. "I will notify my health care provider if I become depressed or anxious." f. "Taking the cimetidine with an antacid will increase its effectiveness."

"I will take the cimetidine with my meals.", "I'll know the medication is working if my diarrhea stops.", "Taking the cimetidine with an antacid will increase its effectiveness."

The nurse determines the client needs further instruction on cimetidine (Tagamet) if which statements were made? Select all that apply. a. "My episodes of heartburn will decrease if the medication is effective." b. "I will take the cimetidine with my meals." c. "Some of my blood levels will need to be monitored closely since I also take warfarin for atrial fibrillation." d. "I'll know the medication is working if my diarrhea stops." e. "I will notify my health care provider if I become depressed or anxious." f. "Taking the cimetidine with an antacid will increase its effectiveness."

"I will take the cimetidine with my meals.", "I'll know the medication is working if my diarrhea stops.", "Taking the cimetidine with an antacid will increase its effectiveness."

The nurse is providing education to a patient who has been prescribed both an antacid and a cimetidine [Tagamet]. Which instruction should the nurse give the patient about taking the medications? a. "Take the antacid 15 minutes before the cimetidine [Tagamet]. b. "Take the antacid 1 hour after the cimetidine [Tagamet]. c. "The antacid and cimetidine [Tagamet]should be taken at the same time for better effect." d. "Stop taking the antacid."

"Take the antacid 1 hour after the cimetidine [Tagamet].

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new prescription for ranitidine to treat GERD. The nurse should instruct the client to wait at least one hour before taking ranitidine and which of the following over the counter drugs? a. Ginko biloba b. Antidiarrheals c. St. John's wort d. Antacids

Antacids

A client with a duodenal ulcer is diagnosed with H. pylori infection. The physician prescribed combination therapy with amoxicillin, pantoprazole, and clarithromycin. Which statement made by the nurse correctly explains the purpose of these medications given in combination to treat H. Pylori and duodenal ulcer? a. "These medicines will control the ulcer and motion sickness". b. "These medicines will stop the acid production and will kill the bacteria". c. "These medicines will minimize acid production and will coat the ulcer". d. "The ulcer will heal because the medications will kill the bacteria".

"These medicines will stop the acid production and will kill the bacteria".

A nurse is caring for four clients who have peptic ulcer disease. The nurse should identify misoprostol is contraindicated for which of the following clients? a. A client with Osteoarthritis b. A client who has Kidney stones c. A client who is pregnant d. A client with UTI

A client who is pregnant

Which of the following statements best describes the action of antacids? a. Antacids enhance the action of acetylcholine b. Antacids block dopamine c. Antacids neutralize gastric acid d. Antacids block the production of gastric acid

Antacids neutralize gastric acid

A client with peptic ulcer disease asks the nurse what medications they might be prescribed for this problem. The nurse tells the client that which medications will be prescribed? Select all that apply. a. Antibiotics b. Histamine H2-receptor blockers c. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) d. Antacids e. Proton Pump Inhibitors

Antacids, Proton Pump Inhibitors, Antibiotics, Histamine H2-receptor blockers

When metronidazole [Flagyl] is a component of the H.pylori treatment regimen, the patient must be instructed to do what? a. Take the drug on an empty stomach. b. Avoid foods containing tyramine. c. Avoid any alcoholic beverages d. Take the drug with food.

Avoid any alcoholic beverages

The nurse has administered a dose of docusate. The nurse evaluates that the medication has been effective if the client experiences which finding? a. Decreased heartburn b. Relief of sharp abdominal pain c. Decrease in fatty stools d. Bowel movement with soft, formed stool

Bowel movement with soft, formed stool

The nurse identifies methylcellulose and psyllium as what type of laxative? a. Stimulant b. Bulk-forming c. Surfactant d. Osmotic

Bulk-forming

A patient admitted to the hospital has a history of peptic ulcer disease. The patient takes ranitidine [Zantac] and sucralfate [Carafate]. The patient tells the nurse that discomfort is usually controlled but that symptoms occasionally flare up. What will the nurse do? a. Ask the provider about ordering an endoscopic examination. b. Contact the provider to discuss serologic testing and an antibiotic. c. Contact the provider to discuss switching to a proton pump inhibitor. d. Counsel the patient on non-drug intervention such as avoiding beverages containing alcohol

Counsel the patient on non-drug intervention such as avoiding beverages containing alcohol

A patient admitted to the hospital has a history of peptic ulcer disease. The patient takes ranitidine [Zantac] and sucralfate [Carafate]. The patient tells the nurse that discomfort is usually controlled but that symptoms occasionally flare up. What will the nurse do? a. Counsel the patient on non-drug intervention such as avoiding beverages containing alcohol b. Contact the provider to discuss switching to a proton pump inhibitor. c. Contact the provider to discuss serologic testing and an antibiotic. d. Ask the provider about ordering an endoscopic examination.

Counsel the patient on non-drug intervention such as avoiding beverages containing alcohol

A client receives a dose of scopolamine for nausea from motion sickness. The nurse determines that which sign or symptom later displayed by the client is a result of medication side and adverse effects? a. Diaphoresis b. Pupillary constriction c. Excessive urination d. Dry mouth

Dry mouth

Which statement is INCORRECT about Histamine-receptor blockers? a. H2 Blockers' absorption is slowed if taken with meals b. H2 blockers decrease gastric pH c. "Antacids and H2 blockers should not be given together." d. "Ranitidine and Famotidine are two types of histamine-receptor blocker medications."

H2 blockers decrease gastric pH

What statement best describes the action of a proton pump inhibitor? a. It stimulates receptors in the stomach that release protons into the stomach. b. It suppresses the secretion of hydrochloric acid into the stomach. c. It coats the stomach to protect the mucosa. d. It blocks the release of hydrochloric acid in response to the release of gastrin.

It suppresses the secretion of hydrochloric acid into the stomach.

The nurse is preparing to administer prescribed medications to a client with hepatic encephalopathy. The nurse anticipates that the health care provider's prescriptions will include which medication? a. Lactulose (an osmotic laxative) b. Bisacodyl suppository (a stimulant laxative) c. Psyllium hydrophilic mucilloid (a bulk laxative) d. Magnesium hydroxide (saline laxative)

Lactulose (an osmotic laxative)

A client reports frequent use of sodium bicarbonate to relieve heartburn after meals. The nurse should monitor the client for which condition that the client is at risk for with long-term frequent use of this medication? a. Metabolic alkalosis b. Chronic bronchitis c. Urinary calculi d. Respiratory acidosis

Metabolic alkalosis

A patient has a prescription to take a powdered form of psyllium after discharge. The nurse should plan to include which information when teaching the client about this medication? a. Decrease the amount of fiber in the diet when taking this medication. b. Mix the medication with applesauce. c. Mix the medication with a full glass of water or juice. d. Decrease fluid intake following administration of the medication.

Mix the medication with a full glass of water or juice.

A client has an as-needed prescription for ondansetron. For which condition(s) should the nurse administer this medication? a. Paralytic ileus b. Nausea and vomiting c. Incisional pain d. Urinary retention

Nausea and vomiting

A client has received a dose of dimenhydrinate (Dramamine), The nurse should observe relief of what sign or symptom to evaluate that the medication has been effective? a. Nausea and vomiting associated with motion sickness b. Headache c. Chills d. Buzzing sound in the ears

Nausea and vomiting associated with motion sickness

Which of the following medications is helpful to relieve symptoms in a case of chronic heartburn? a. Cimetidine b. Promethazine c. Milk of magnesium d. Omeprazole

Omeprazole

A physician prescribes a Proton-Pump Inhibitor to a patient with a gastric ulcer. Which medication is considered a PPI? a. Metronidazole b. Famotidine c. Pantoprazole d. Famotidine

Pantoprazole

Which of the following conditions can you safely administer metoclopramide (Reglan)? a. Patient undergoing radiation b. Patient with bowel obstruction c. Patients with pheochromocytoma d. Patient with gastrointestinal hemorrhage

Patient undergoing radiation

A patient who takes nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) for arthritis asks a nurse what can be done to prevent ulcers. The nurse will recommend asking the provider about using which medication? a. Antibiotics b. Proton pump inhibitors c. Histamine-2 receptor antagonists d. Mucosal protectants

Proton pump inhibitors

The nurse recognizes which drug as the most effective for decreasing production of gastric acid? a. Histamine blockers b. Anticholinergics c. Proton pump inhibitors d. Antacids

Proton pump inhibitors

A nurse is planning care for a client who is receiving chemotherapy and has a new prescription for ondansetron. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?(select all that apply) a. Administer the drug when the client reports nausea. b. Repeat the dose 4 hr after chemotherapy. c. Infuse the drug 30 min prior to chemotherapy. d. Infuse the drug slowly over 15 min. e. Administer the drug immediately following chemotherapy.

Repeat the dose 4 hr after chemotherapy. Infuse the drug 30 min prior to chemotherapy. Infuse the drug slowly over 15 min.

Which of the following receptors is inhibited by ondansetron(Zofran) to treat nausea following chemotherapy? a. Nicotinic receptors b. Dopamine receptors c. Muscarinic receptors d. Serotonin 5-HT receptors

Serotonin 5-HT receptors

Which of the following laxative drug belongs to class of osmotic laxatives? a. Docusate sodium b. Psyllium c. Sodium phosphate d. Bisacodyl

Sodium phosphate

What is the mechanism of action of stimulant laxative? a. Stimulate intestinal motility, increasing peristalsis b. Increasing the volume of non-absorbable solid residue c. Altering the consistency of the feces d. Increasing the water content

Stimulate intestinal motility, increasing peristalsis

Which are potentially worrisome adverse effects associated with proton pump inhibitor use in older patients? (Select all that apply.) a. Vitamin and mineral deficiencies b. Gastric cancer c. Headaches d. Osteoporosis e. Medication interactions

Vitamin and mineral deficiencies, Osteoporosis, Medication interactions

A client has a new prescription for metoclopramide (Reglan). On review of the chart, the nurse identifies that this medication can be safely administered with which condition? a. Diverticulitis with perforation b. Vomiting following cancer chemotherapy c. Peptic ulcer with melena (bloody stool) d.Intestinal obstruction

Vomiting following cancer chemotherapy

A nurse is caring for an older adult client who has kidney disease and a new prescription for cimetidine. the nurse should instruct the client to report which of the following manifestations? a. lethargy b. cellulitis c. dry mouth d. myalgia

lethargy

A nurse is teaching a client who recently had a myocardial infarction and has a new prescription for docusate sodium. The nurse should inform the client that docusate sodium cause which of the following therapeutic effects? a. prevents diarrhea b. reduces inflammation c. reduces gastric acid secretion d. prevents straining of bowels

prevents straining of bowels

A nurse is providing instructions about the use of laxatives to a client who has heart failure. The nurse should tell the client to avoid which of the following laxatives? a. sodium phosphate b. Polyethylene Glycol c. Bisacodyl d. Psyllium

sodium phosphate

A nurse is providing instructions about the use of laxatives to a client who has kidney failure. The nurse should tell the client to avoid which of the following laxatives? a. Bisacodyl b. Psyllium c. Docusate. d. sodium phosphate

sodium phosphate

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for omeprazole to treat a duodenal ulcer. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? a. take the medication at bedtime after food b. swallow the capsule whole c. take medication with food d. dissolve the tablet in water

swallow the capsule whole