Pharmacology Final Prep

Ketamine is most similar to which drug? - DMT - PCP - Cannabis - Alcohol

- PCP

Which chemicals are most responsible for the psychedelic effects of magic mushrooms? - ibogaine and mescaline - ibotenic acid and muscimol - psilocin and psilocybin - PCP and dimethyltryptamine

- psilocin and psilocybin

Sustiva ® (efavirenz) is a prescription medication used to treat HIV/AIDS that is also diverted and smoked for its - anti-inflammatory effects - sedative effects - psychedelic effects - None of the above

- psychedelic effects

The designer drug known as "C-boom" or 25C-NBOMe is a - psycho-stimulant - analgesic - depressant - multi-vitamin

- psycho-stimulant

The most abused solvent inhalant is - amyl nitrite. - kerosene. - toluene. - chlorine.

- toluene.

Binge drinking causes the most problems and is defined as A - Five or more drinks for men at one sitting B - Four or more drinks for women at one sitting. C - Both A and B D - Neither A nor B

C - Both A and B

The following symptoms are indicative of what alcohol-related condition(s)? Symptoms: rapid pulse, sweating, increased body temperature, hand tremors, anxiety, depression, insomnia, and nausea or vomiting A - Moderate alcohol withdrawal B - Hangover C - Both A and B D - Neither A nor B; these are symptoms of severe withdrawal

C - Both A and B

Which of the following physical factors affect the rate at which an individual's liver can metabolize alcohol? #1. heredity #2. race and ethnicity #3. gender #4. intelligence - 1, 2, and 3 only - 1, 2, and 4 only - All of the above - None of the above

- 1, 2, and 3 only

According to Uppers, Downers, All Arounders and the American Society of Addiction Medicine, alcoholism is #1. a chronic disease #2. influenced by genetic factors and heredity #3. a symptom of moral weakness #4. influenced by environmental factors - 1, 2, and 4 only - 2, 3, and 4 only - 1 and 2 only - All of the above

- 1, 2, and 4 only

Marijuana in the urine of a regular user is detectable for - 1 to 2 days - 7 to 14 days - 3 to 6 weeks - 3 to 6 months

- 3 to 6 weeks

A key enzyme involved in the metabolism of alcohol is ______ and is located in the ______ and the ______. - alcohol dehydration; mouth; small intestines - alcohol dehydrogenase; stomach; liver - acetaldehyde; liver; small intestines - alcahydrate; esophagus; liver

- alcohol dehydrogenase; stomach; liver

Which is NOT a sign of solvent abuse? - Rashes around the nose and mouth - Hyperactivity - Chemical odor - Slurred speech

- Hyperactivity

Which is a method of using inhalants? - "aerosoling" - "lunging" - "balloon and cracker" - "crunching"

- "balloon and cracker"

Every state defines the legal limit for driving while intoxicated (whether or not the driver can function) as a blood alcohol concentration of - 0.02 - 0.05 - 0.08 - 0.10

- 0.08

Refer to Table 5-3 on page 5.11. How many standard alcoholic drinks would a 125-pound woman need to consume in one hour to reach the minimum blood alcohol concentration for driving while intoxicated? - 1 drink - 2 drinks - 3 drinks - 4 drinks

- 2 drinks

On average, the body can metabolize and eliminate 1 ounce of pure alcohol (the equivalent of about 1.5 standard drinks) in what time frame? - 30 minutes - 1 hour - 2 hours - 3 hours

- 3 hours

The hallucinogenic effects of salvia divinorum last for - 30 minutes - 1 to 2 hours - 6 to 8 hours - 12 to 24 hours

- 30 minutes

Approximately how long do the effects of LSD last? - Less than 1 hour - 1 to 2 hours - 3 to 5 hours - 6 to 8 hours

- 6 to 8 hours

The life span of a chronic high-dose drinker is - 1 to 5 years shorter than that of the general population - 9 to 22 years shorter that that of the general population - No different from that of the general population - Longer than that of the general population

- 9 to 22 years shorter that that of the general population

Dabs, an extract of cannabis containing 90% or greater concentration, is also known as - shatter - wax - honey oil - All of the above

- All of the above

When large amounts of alcohol are consumed more rapidly than the body can process and metabolize it, which of the following may occur? #1. alcohol poisoning #2. unconsciousness #3. respiratory and cardiac failure #4. coma and death - 1 and 2 only - 3 and 4 only - 2 and 3 only - All of the above

- All of the above

Which of the following drinking patterns increase the risk of becoming an alcoholic for a person under age 65? #1. More than 4 drinks per day for men #2. More than 3 drinks per day for women #3. 14 or more drinks per week for men #4. 7 or more drinks per week for women - 1 and 3 only - 2 and 4 only - All of the above - None of the above

- All of the above

Which is a reason people use inhalants? - The high comes and goes quickly. - They temporarily elevate mood and reduce inhibitions. - They are cheaper. - All of the above.

- All of the above.

Eating disorders are the result of - All of these. - Neurochemical factors - Environmental factors - Genetic factors

- All of these.

Concerning Internet addiction, which of the following is NOT true? - Some individuals experience a stimulant-like rush when online. - Some Internet users log onto sex sites compulsively. - Problems begin when the online relationships draw the Net surfer from his or her real-life relationships. - Almost all Internet addiction is about sex sites on the Net; games and chat rooms are not that attractive to the Internet addict.

- Almost all Internet addiction is about sex sites on the Net; games and chat rooms are not that attractive to the Internet addict.

Game addicts can easily play for 6 or more hours a day - True - False

- True

Hashish is made from - pressed psilocybin mushrooms - cannabis resin - synthetic chemical compounds - tobacco

- cannabis resin

To the compulsive gambler, "to chase" means - to drink and gamble at the same time. - to try and pick up women or men in casinos for recreational sex. - to continue to gamble in order to recoup previous losses. - none of the above

- to continue to gamble in order to recoup previous losses.

Alcohol is categorized as which of the following? #1. a drug #2. a stimulant or upper #3. a depressant or downer #4. a hallucinogen - Both 1 and 3 - Both 2 and 4 - All of the above - None of the above

- Both 1 and 3

PCP is particularly dangerous because of it has which of the following effects? - Depresses the central nervous system and dangerously lowers heart rate. - Causes depersonalization, aggressiveness and violent behavior. - It is highly addictive and used compulsively. - It is a powerful sedative.

- Causes depersonalization, aggressiveness and violent behavior.

Which is not a long term effect of inhalant use? - Weakness - Disorientation - Weight loss - Improved memory

- Improved memory

Which of the following most accurately describes the addiction profile for psychedelics such as psilocybin mushrooms, LSD, and peyote? - They cause compulsive drug-seeking behavior and are considered addictive. - They do not generally produce compulsive drug-seeking behavior and are not considered addictive. - The user takes them again and again in rapid succession because their effects are short lasting. - Their effects on the central nervous system cause rapid physical dependence.

- They do not generally produce compulsive drug-seeking behavior and are not considered addictive.

Which statement is most true regarding anorexics? - They know how thin they are but want to get thinner. - They don't know how thin they are and want to get thinner. - Peer approval of their thin look will slow their weight loss. - They are generally unruly as young children.

- They don't know how thin they are and want to get thinner.

The main differences between problem and pathological gambling are: - Winning and losing - Family conflict and divorce - Time and money - Substance use and social status

- Time and money

Sexual compulsivity is used to cope with past traumas and stress rather than using sex for pleasure. - True - False

- True

The liability for physical dependence and addiction to inhalants is less than for other depressants. - True - False

- True

People who smoke marijuana commonly present with which physical ailments? - decreased appetite - chronic bronchitis - eye disorders from intense hallucinations - ringing in the ears

- chronic bronchitis

Which of the following is a popular nutritional supplement used by many athletes? - creatine - poppy seed paste - Vitamin D - cremoline

- creatine

Nomophobia affects 40 percent of the population. It is the fear of - Having your favorite television show cancelled. - Losing at CandyCrush - Losing your cell phone - Missing a Groupon

- Losing your cell phone

Which is NOT one of the four levels of gambling behavior? - Problem gambler - At-risk gambler - Professional gambler - Pathological gambler

- Professional gambler

Which of the following would slow the rate of alcohol absorption? - Drinking on an empty stomach. - Drinking carbonated drinks with alcohol, such as Champagne, sparkling wine, and tonic mixers. - Diluting an alcoholic drink with water or ice or alternating every other drink with water or soda. - Drinking alcohol quickly.

- Diluting an alcoholic drink with water or ice or alternating every other drink with water or soda.

Which of the following would speed up the absorption rate of alcohol? - Eating before or while drinking. - Drinking on an empty stomach. - Diluting an alcoholic drink with water or ice or alternating every other drink with water or soda. - Drinking over an extended period of time.

- Drinking on an empty stomach.

The effect an all arounder has on the user depends on which of the following factors? #1. the user's mind-set #2. the physical setting in which the drug is used #3. the amount taken or dosage #4. how recently the user has eaten - Factors 1 and 2 only - Factors 2 and 4 only - Factors 1, 2, and 3 - Factors 2, 3, and 4

- Factors 1, 2, and 3

At low doses this substance acts as a stimulant; at higher doses it is a powerful hallucinogenic psychedelic. - Methamphetamine - Ibogaine - Cocaine - LSD

- Ibogaine

Which statement is NOT true for inhalants? - Inhalants are cheap, readily available, and widespread. - In law enforcement, inhalant abuse has a low status among drug abuse problems. - Inhalants have more direct effect on body tissues than most other psychoactive drugs. - Inhalants are slow acting.

- Inhalants are slow acting.

Which is NOT true of nitrous oxide (laughing gas)? - When inhaled, it has a rapid onset and rapid dissolution of effects. - It is classified as a controlled substance. - Long-term exposure can cause nerve cell damage due to lack of oxygen. - To possess nitrous oxide with the intent to use for other than medical, dental or commercial purposes is a misdemeanor in most states.

- It is classified as a controlled substance.

Which is NOT a true statement about steroids? - Heavy use of steroids can cause psychotic episodes. - Many young people use AASs strictly to enhance personal appearance. - There are distinct withdrawal symptoms from heavy steroid use - Long-term steroid use by men causes excessive masculinizing effects.

- Long-term steroid use by men causes excessive masculinizing effects.

Which is NOT true about hoarding? - People hoard objects because getting rid of things causes too much anxiety to discard them. - People stop hoarding when they get someone to help them clean their house. - People who hoard objects tend to believe their self-worth comes from their ability to acquire them. - Hoarding things is considered an offshoot of compulsive shopping

- People stop hoarding when they get someone to help them clean their house.

The mental effects of LSD, psilocybin mushrooms, and other indole psychedelics result from #1. interactions with the brain's serotonin (especially 5HT2A) receptors #2. subsequent down regulation of serotonin receptors #3. enhanced acetylcholine activity #4. GABA, glutamate modulation - Statements 1 and 2 only - Statements 2 and 3 only - Statements 1, 2, and 3 only - Statements 2, 3, and 4 only

- Statements 1 and 2 only

Marijuana withdrawal has been associated with which of the following symptoms? #1. inability to concentrate and marijuana cravings #2. chills, aches, and sweating #3. sleep disturbances and slight tremors #4. decreased appetite and stomach pain - Symptoms 1 and 2 only - Symptoms 3 and 4 only - Symptoms 1, 2, and 3 only - Symptoms 1, 2, 3, and 4

- Symptoms 1, 2, 3, and 4

Which of the following is the correctly ordered progression for levels of alcohol use? - abstention, experimentation, social/recreational, habituation, abuse, addiction - experimentation, social/recreational, abuse, habituation, alcoholism - abstention, experimentation, social/recreational, abuse, addiction - experimentation, abstention, social/recreational, abuse, alcoholism

- abstention, experimentation, social/recreational, habituation, abuse, addiction

The effects of alcohol ______ negative emotions such as loneliness, depression, and anger. - deepen - alleviate - improve - inhibit

- deepen

The national minimum legal drinking age in the United States is 21. Since 1993 the rate of underage binge drinking in the United States has - decreased 30% - increased 50% - remained the same - decreased 50%

- increased 50%

Which types of psychedelics exert most of their effects through serotonin receptors? - semi-synthetic opiates - indole alkaloids - cannabinoids - anticholinergics

- indole alkaloids