pharmacology psychiatric/mental final hesi evolve

A client who has been taking the prescribed dose of zolpidem for 5 days returns to the clinic for a follow-up visit. When interviewing the client, the nurse identifies that the medication has been effective when the client makes which statement?

"I have been sleeping better."

A client asks the nurse how psychotropic medications work. How does the nurse reply?

"These medications affect the chemicals used in communication between nerve cells."

Nortriptyline three times a day is prescribed for a depressed client. When does the nurse expect a therapeutic response?

2 to 3 weeks

A healthcare provider prescribes aripiprazole 15 mg by mouth once a day for a client with the diagnosis of schizophrenia. The hospital pharmacy sends aripiprazole 5 mg/tablet. How many tablets will the nurse administer? Record your answer as a whole number. ____ tablet(s)

3

Which statement about primary anxiolytic drugs requires correction?

Benzodiazepines block gamma-aminobutyric acid receptors.

Which food should be avoided by a client who is prescribed monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)?

Bologna

Which client condition is contraindicated for prescribing clozapine?

Bone marrow depression

A healthcare provider prescribes disulfiram for a client who abuses alcohol. The nurse teaches the client that disulfiram will have which action?

Cause a severe adverse reaction if alcohol is consumed

Which is a second-generation antidepressant drug?

Citalopram

What is the best drug of choice for treating obsessive-compulsive disorder?

Clomipramine

A client with a history of schizophrenia who responds poorly to medication is now being treated for acute depression. In light of the information elicited from the medication list and laboratory results, what does the nurse advise?

Come in for weekly blood tests to monitor for drug-induced agranulocytosis.

Which condition is contraindicated for St. John's wort herbal therapy?

Dementia

Which drug is used to treat both generalized anxiety disorder and depression?

Duloxetine

Which statement about psychotherapeutic drugs in elderly clients requires correction?

Low serum levels of the drug are reported in elderly clients on psychotherapeutic drugs.

Which medication is the first choice drug for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)?

Methylphenidate

A nurse notes that haloperidol is most effective for clients who exhibit which type of behavior?

Overactive

Which drug is contraindicated in a pregnant client diagnosed with bipolar disorder?

Paroxetine

Which condition contraindicates the use of ginseng herbal therapy?

Pregnancy

A depressed client is prescribed citalopram hydrobromide. Six days later the client tearfully says to the nurse, "I'm taking an antidepressant, but it's not working. I'm hopeless." What is the best response by the nurse?

"It takes 2 or 3 weeks before it begins to relieve depression."

A nurse is caring for a client with the diagnosis of bipolar disorder, manic episode. The healthcare provider prescribes divalproex sodium (Depakote) 375 mg twice a day by mouth. The divalproex sodium is labeled "250 mg/5 mL." How many milliliters of solution will the nurse administer per dose? Record your answer using one decimal place. ____ mL

7.5

A nurse is counseling a client who abuses cocaine. The nurse recognizes that this drug is representative of which drug category?

A stimulant

A client with schizophrenia is started on a regimen of chlorpromazine. After 10 days a shuffling gait, tremors, and some rigidity are apparent. Benztropine mesylate 2 mg by mouth daily is prescribed. What does the nurse remember when administering these medications together?

Both medications have a cholinergic-blocking action.

Which drug is contraindicated in clients with eating and seizure disorders?

Bupropion

A nurse is caring for several clients with major thought disorders such as schizophrenia. They are all being treated with neuroleptic drugs. How do these drugs act in the body to promote mental health?

By blocking access to dopamine receptors at the postsynaptic receptor site

Which drug is contraindicated in clients with blood dyscrasias?

Chlorpromazine

Which toxic effect would the nurse find in a client who has overdosed on isocarboxazid?

Circulatory collapse

Which statement is true regarding antipsychotic drugs?

Clozapine is more effective than other second-generation antipsychotics.

A client with schizophrenia who is receiving an antipsychotic medication begins to exhibit a shuffling gait and tremors. The primary healthcare provider prescribes the anticholinergic medication benztropine, 2 mg daily. What will the nurse assess the client for daily when administering these medications together?

Constipation

During an interview and assessment, a 60-year-old client reports to the nurse, "I've been using St. John's wort to try to feel more like myself again. I'm not sure whether it's going to work." The nurse will pursue an assessment related to the client's report of which symptom?

Depression

Which drug is a high-potency medication used to treat schizophrenia?

Fluphenazine

A 45-year-old client who recently completed alcohol detoxification reports plans to begin using disulfiram (Antabuse) as part of the alcoholism treatment regimen. What important client teaching does the nurse share regarding this drug?

Foods, medications, and any topical preparation containing alcohol should be avoided.

Which is the adverse effect of haloperidol?

Gynecomastia

Which drug most commonly causes extrapyramidal side effects (EPS)?

Haloperidol

An antianxiety medication is prescribed for an extremely anxious client. The client says, "I'm afraid to take this medication because I heard they're addictive." The nurse teaches the client that antianxiety medications have what properties?

Have the potential for physiologic and psychological dependence

Imipramine, 75 mg three times per day, is prescribed for a client. What nursing action is appropriate when this medication is being administered?

Having the client checked for increased intraocular pressure and teaching about glaucoma symptoms

A client is receiving haloperidol for agitation, and the nurse is monitoring the client for side effects. Which response identified by the nurse is unrelated to an extrapyramidal tract effect?

Hypertensive crisis

A client with a history of methamphetamine use is admitted to the medical unit. What clinical manifestation does the nurse expect when assessing the client?

Increased heart rate

Which drug may lead to bruxism?

Levomilnacipran

After assessing a client, the nurse suspects that the client has shift-work sleep disorder (SWSD). Which medication would be prescribed to the client?

Modafinil

Which adverse effect is least likely to occur in a client who is prescribed clozapine?

Myocarditis

What drug does a nurse anticipate that the primary healthcare provider will prescribe for a client demonstrating clinical manifestations associated with an opioid overdose?

Naloxone

A client with the diagnosis of schizophrenia, paranoid type, has been receiving a phenothiazine drug. When the psychiatric daycare center plans a fishing trip, it will be important for the nurse to take which action?

Provide the client with sunscreen.

A client with an organic mental disorder becomes increasingly agitated and abusive. The primary healthcare provider prescribes haloperidol. For which potential adverse effects will the nurse monitor this client?

Pseudoparkinsonism and urinary retention

A primary healthcare provider prescribes oxazepam for a client who is beginning to experience withdrawal symptoms while undergoing detoxification. What are the primary reasons that oxazepam is given during detoxification?

Reduces the anxiety-tremor state and prevents more serious withdrawal symptoms

A client has been prescribed lithium. What important nursing intervention must be implemented while this medication is being administered?

Regularly testing the level of the drug in the client's blood

Which monoamine oxidase inhibitor is used to treat Parkinson disease?

Selegiline

The primary healthcare provider prescribes a neuroleptic drug to a client diagnosed with schizophrenia. On what basis would the primary healthcare provider choose the drug?

Side effects

A client has been taking 3 mg of risperidone twice a day for the past 8 days. At the follow-up appointment, the client reports tremors, shortness of breath, a fever, and sweating. What will the nurse do?

Take the client's vital signs and arrange for immediate transfer to a hospital

A client with schizophrenia is given an antipsychotic drug. The nurse recalls all the extrapyramidal effects associated with this type of medication and anticipates that the drug will be discontinued if which occurs?

Tardive dyskinesia

A client with depression is to be given fluoxetine. What precaution will the nurse consider when initiating treatment with this drug?

The blood level may not be sufficient to cause noticeable improvement for 2 to 4 weeks.

A nurse is administering medications to clients on a psychiatric unit. What does the nurse identify as the reason that so many psychiatric clients are given the drug benztropine or trihexyphenidyl in conjunction with the phenothiazine-derivative neuroleptic medications?

They combat the extrapyramidal side effects of the neuroleptic drug.

A client who has been taking a conventional antipsychotic for several days comes to the clinic complaining of neck spasms. The figure illustrates the client's physical status observed by the nurse. What extrapyramidal side effect has the client developed?

Torticollis

Which second-generation antidepressant can worsen uncontrolled angle closure glaucoma?

Duloxetine

A young adult with a history of cognitive impairment and tonic-clonic seizures is admitted to a group home. Among the client's medications is a prescription for 125 mg of phenytoin by mouth three times a day. Phenytoin is supplied as an oral suspension of 25 mg/5 mL. How many milliliters of solution will the nurse administer for each dose? Record your answer as a whole number. ___ mL

25ML

A client is started on chlorpromazine. To prevent life-threatening complications from the administration of this medication to an anxious, restless client, it is important that the nurse take which action?

Monitor the client's vital signs.

A healthcare provider diagnoses attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in a 7-year-old child and prescribes methylphenidate. The nurse discusses the child's treatment with the parents. What does the nurse emphasize as important for the parents to do?

Monitor the effect of the medication on their child's behavior.

Which antidepressant drug is a selective monoamine oxidase-B inhibitor?

Selegiline

Which drug would the nurse administer transdermally to treat a client with major depression?

Selegiline

A client receiving the medication buspirone is admitted to the hospital with the diagnosis of possible hepatitis. The nurse identifies that the client's sclerae look yellow. What will be the nurse's initial action?

Withhold the medication