Pharmacology: Quiz Review

A nursing student is learning in skills lab how to insert an intravenous (IV) catheter. The student demonstrates understanding of correct protocol when stating that one should make only how many attempts when trying to start an IV line on a client?

Two

While assessing the medication history of an older adult client, the nurse notes the client take acetaminophen daily. The nurse will further question the client to determine how much and how often to ensure the client is not exceeding what daily amount?

3 grams

The nurse notes on assessment after administration of a drug that the client has developed itching and a skin rash. The nurse interprets these findings as indicating which possible reaction?

Allergic reaction

A nurse has collected all the relevant data and is now clustering the information to determine the client's needs. The nurse is involved in which phase of the nursing process?

Analysis

A nurse is assessing a client and notes the client has developed swelling of the eyelids and lips after administration of a prescribed medication. What does the nurse interpret this finding to specifically indicate?

Angioedema

A nurse is preparing to administer diphenhydramine to a client with bronchial irritation. Which activity should the nurse prioritize during the preadministration assessment?

Document color and amount of any sputum present

The health care provider has prescribed ezetimibe for a client diagnosed with hyperlipidemia. The nurse is prepared to prioritize which assessment to evaluate the drug's effectiveness?

Frequently monitoring blood cholesterol

A client who exhibits which should be an indicator to the nurse that total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is being infused too rapidly?

Hyperglycemia

A primary health care provider has prescribed a loop diuretic for hypertension in a client with diabetes mellitus. Which assessment should the nurse prioritize?

Increase blood glucose

The nurse knows to monitor the IV site for which of the following complications during parenteral management of body fluids?

Phlebitis/ Thrombosis

The nurse is teaching a client about the use of a PCA infusion pump. The nurse indicates the teaching is successful when the client correctly indicates which factor about the system?

The control button activates administration of the drug

A client is questioning the nurse about a superinfectiom that developed while receiving fluoroquinolone therapy. Which response by the nurse would be most appropriate?

The drug disrupts your normal bacteria so it allows other organisms to grow.

The nursing instructor has completed a class discussion on the stages of AD. The instructor determines the class is successful when the students correctly choose which factor as a characteristic or preclinical AD?

There are no cognitive changes noted.

The nurse is preparing to administer niacin to a client with hyperlipidemia. Which adverse reaction should the nurse prioritize on ongoing assessment?

Tingling

The nurse is preparing to administer an intradermal injection. The nurse would insert the needle at what angle?

15 degrees

After teaching a group of nursing students about indications for linezolid (Zyvox), the instructor determines a need for additional teaching when the students choose which disorder as an indication?

Acute otitis media

A nurse is assigned to administer Lantus (glargine) to a patient at a health care facility. What precaution should the nurse take when administering glargine? A. Administer glargine via IV route B. Avoid mixing glargine with other insulins C. Administer insulin that has been refrigerated D. Shake the vial vigorously before withdrawing insulin

B. Avoid mixing glargine with other insulins

A patient is receiving Glucotrol (glipizide), a sulfonylurea, at a health care facility. The patient is also prescribed an anticoagulant. What effect of interaction between these two drugs should the nurse monitor the patient for? A. Risk of acute renal failure B. Increased hypoglycemic effect C. Increased risk of lactic acidosis D. Increased risk for bleeding

B. Increased hypoglycemic effect

When obtaining an initial history of a patient with newly diagnosed diabetes, what information would be most important for the nurse to obtain? A. allergy to insulin B. the type and duration of symptoms C. any episodes of bowel dysfunction D. family background

B. the type and duration of symptoms

An elderly client has been ordered magnesium 483 mg daily orally. The student nurse is about to administer that dose when the nursing instructor questions it. The student states that the regular dose is 54 to 483 mg/day. Why did the instructor question this dose?

Because older adults may need a reduced dosage as a result of decreased renal function.

The nurse is teaching a client with hypertension about losartan which the health care provider has prescribed. The nurse can explain that losartan exerts which action on the body?

Blocks angiotensin II receptors

A nurse suspects that a client receiving oral penicillin therapy is developing pseudomembranois colitis based on which assessment finding?

Bloody diarrhea

The nurse is preparing a teaching session for a client with rhinitis about the prescribed decongestant. Which potential adverse reaction should the nurse point out?

Blurred vision

After teaching a group of nursing students on the mechanism of action of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) drugs, the instructor determines the session is successful after the students correctly choose which action as the result of aldosterone?

Causes Na+ and H2O retention

A client is admitted to the emergency department with a severe headache, nausea, shortness of breath, and blood pressure of 200/120 mm Hg. Which response should the nurse prioritize?

Continuously monitor the client's status.

A nurse is caring for a patient who has developed a hypoglycemic reaction. Which of the following interventions should the nurse perform if swallowing and gag reflexes are present in the patient? A. Administer the insulin via insulin pump B. Administer oral antidiabetics to the patient C. Administer glucagon by the parenteral route D. Give oral fluids or candy

D. Give oral fluids or candy

A nurse is caring for a patient with diabetes mellitus who is receiving an oral antidiabetic drug. Which of following ongoing assessments should the nurse perform when caring for this patient? A. Monitor the patient for lipodystrophy B. Document family medical history C. Assess the skin for ulcers, cuts, and sores D. Observe the patient for hypoglycemic episodes

D. Observe the patient for hypoglycemic episodes

A 69-year-old client is admitted to the critical care unit post-gastrectomy. The client has been ordered to have total parenteral nutrition (TPN). The nurse should assess the client's blood glucose how many times per day?

Every 4-6 hours to monitor for hyperglycemia

A nurse is assessing a client after administering aspirin for pain. Which finding should the nurse prioritize?

Flushing (Salicylism)

A nurse is caring for a 65-year-old female client who is in renal failure. During shift assessment, the client reports tingling in her lips and in her fingers whenever anyone takes her blood pressure. The client tells the nurse that she gets a spasm in her wrist and hand and that it is very painful. What would the nurse suspect?

Hypocalcemia

A client with a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus is starting rifampin for newly diagnosed tuberculosis. The nurse will instruct the client about which potential risk?

Increased blood glucose levels

A nurse is making initial shift assessments on clients. While assessing one client's peripheral IV site, the nurse notes edema around the insertion site. How will the nurse document this complication related to IV therapy?

Infiltration

A nursing instructor is teaching a group of nursing students the various work factors which can contribute to dosage calculation errors. The instructor determines the students grasp the concept by choosing which potential factors? SATA

Interruptions Heavy workload Poor lighting Noise

A client is admitted in acute renal failure and prescribed mannitol. The nurse prepares to administer this drug via which route?

Intravenously

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results of a client who is receiving diuretic therapy. The nurse determines that the client is at risk for electrolyte imbalance based on which result(s)? Select all that apply.

Potassium 2.9 mEq/L, Sodium 124 mEq/L

The nurse is preparing to administer sulfadiazine to a client who is also taking warfarin. The nurse would be alert for which potential adverse effect?

Prolonged clotting times

The nurse is preparing to administer furosemide to a client. Which factor(s) should the nurse prioritize on the preadministration assessment? Select all that apply.

Pulse, RR, Temp, weight

The nurse is preparing to teach a child with asthma and caregivers about the prescribed corticosteroids. Which factor should the nurse point out will require monitoring?

Rate of growth

After teaching a group of nursing students about CNS stimulants, the instructor determines the teaching was successful when the students correctly choose which factor as a contraindication?

Severe hypertension

What is a major electrolyte in extracellular fluid that influences the distribution of water and maintains acid-base balance and nerve function?

Sodium

The nurse prepares a teaching plan to help a client with viral influenza learn how to administer the prescribed drugs at home. Which factor would the nurse be alert to as posing an obstacle in the client's learning process?

Varied or different literacy levels