PHED2140: Chapter 13

Which of the following are ways athletes can use imagery to enhance sport performance? - Automating pre-performance routines - Eliminating performance mental blueprints - Learning and practicing sport skills - Blocking polysensory experiences - Preparing a mental focus for competition

- Preparing a mental focus for competition - Learning and practicing sport skills - Automating pre-performance routines

Which of the following conditions make imagery more functionally equivalent? - When it involves watching a performance multiple times - When it includes loading images with vivid emotional responses - When it is timed at the same pace as the actual timing of the skill - When it is a monosensory experience rather than a polysensory experience

- When it includes loading images with vivid emotional responses - When it is timed at the same pace as the actual timing of the skill

Identify the tasks that have shown improved performance when imagery was used as a preparatory strategy prior to performance. -cognitive tasks -strength tasks -muscular endurance tasks -reasoning tasks

-strength tasks -muscular endurance tasks

Vividness, controllability, and self-awareness are the three types of imagery exercises included in _____. a) Basic Training b) functional equivalence c) Advanced Training d) mental readiness

a) Basic Training

Whether an image is in color, how many senses are being used, and the emotion or physical senses experienced when engaging in imagery are features of _____. a) functional equivalence b) group integration c) controllability d) vividness

d) vividness

Phil, a basketball coach, wants his players to enhance their imagery ability. He asks each of them to stand alone in the center of the court and take in the feeling of emptiness. He instructs them to use all their relevant senses to pick out as many details as possible. He then asks them to imagine the same setting, but this time they are about to perform in front of spectators with feelings of excitement and anticipation. Which of the following aspects of the players' imagery is most likely to improve with this exercise? a) Controllability b) Vividness c) Dress rehearsal d) Mental practice

b) Vividness

Jeremy, a football player, uses imagery before a game to increase his energy level and focus his attention on specific strategies and moves that he needs to use against his opponents. In the context of how imagery works, this scenario is an illustration of _____. a) multimodal imagery theory b) creating better mental readiness c) bioinformational theory d) developing basic action concepts

b) creating better mental readiness

Imagery can enable athletes to perform better by helping them optimize their _____ in such ways as managing arousal, focusing attention, and enhancing confidence. a) bio-informational skills b) mental readiness c) functional equivalence d) basic action concepts

b) mental readiness

Andrew, a soccer player, uses imagery to create game plans to deal with the tactics of an opponent's defense. He views videos of the opponent's defense and comes up with various game plans. He imagines the successful execution of his strategies without having actually played against this opponent. Which of the following is true of this scenario? a) Andrew is unable to use imagery as a systematic mental training tool. b) Andrew is using imagery to avoid experiences that involve all the relevant senses. c) Andrew is using imagery to create new experiences in his mind. d) Andrew is unable to build images from his choice of memories.

c) Andrew is using imagery to create new experiences in his mind.

_____ is similar to a preseason physical conditioning program. a) Functional equivalence b) Energy management c) Basic Training d) Mental practice

c) Basic Training

Tina, a softball player, wants to improve various aspects of her imagery ability. She practices pitching every day and then imagines herself pitching to a teammate or against an opponent. Whenever she makes a mistake, she stops the image and repeats it, making sure that she performs perfectly every time. She re-creates past experiences in which she has not pitched well and focuses on figuring out her mistakes. Which of the following aspects of Tina's imagery is most likely to improve with this exercise? a) Symbolic images b) Verbal triggers c) Controllability d) Choking

c) Controllability

Which of the following is a true statement about mental practice? a) It allows athletes to refine their sport skills only if they physically engage in an activity. b) It prevents the occurrence of polysensory experiences. c) It occurs in an intermittent learning style similar to a distributed physical practice schedule. d) It does not complement physical practice.

c) It occurs in an intermittent learning style similar to a distributed physical practice schedule.

A feature of imagery is that it _____. a) cannot affect the self-confidence of coaches b) allows athletes to refine their sport skills only if they physically engage in an activity c) can change athletes' perceptions of anxiety from harmful to facilitative d) does not improve performance on strength tasks

c) can change athletes' perceptions of anxiety from harmful to facilitative

The theoretical explanation that states that imagery causes the brain to activate the same areas and processes as when the movement being imaged is actually executed is known as the _____. a) internal imagery theory b) bioinformational theory c) functional equivalence explanation d) mental readiness explanation

c) functional equivalence explanation

Nicole, a gymnast, uses imagery to practice a vault routine. Identify the sense that would be important to Nicole in this scenario. a) The olfactory sense b) The tactile sense c) The gustatory sense d) The kinesthetic sense

d) The kinesthetic sense

Anna, a gymnast, uses imagery to focus her attention and increase her confidence before she attempts her floor routine. This pre-performance routine helps her think clearly and does not let her get stressed. Anna is using imagery to calm down to meet the energy demands of her sport. In the context of how imagery works, this scenario is an illustration of _____. a) bioinformation theory b) developing basic action concepts c) multimodal imagery theory d) creating better mental readiness

d) creating better mental readiness

Briefly explaining what imagery is by using a definition such as "practicing in your head" or "building your mental action plan" is part of the _____ step of introducing imagery to athletes. a) hook 'em b) string and bolt c) explain how it works d) define and give evidence

d) define and give evidence

Jack, a swimmer, engages in imagery in which he sees himself from outside his body. In this case, Jack is using a(n) _____. a) olfactory imagery perspective b) tactile imagery perspective c) internal imagery perspective d) external imagery perspective

d) external imagery perspective

According to bio-informational theory, imagery can enhance athletes' performance when athletes _____. a) focus on stimulus characteristics rather than response characteristics b) engage in imagery along with other athletes c) simply imagine the characteristics of the situation that acts as the stimulus d) imagine intense and perfect behavioral, mental, and physiological responses to various competitive challenges

d) imagine intense and perfect behavioral, mental, and physiological responses to various competitive challenges

An experience that involves all relevant senses, from visual to auditory, olfactory, gustatory, tactile, and kinesthetic is known as a(n) _____ experience. a) behavioral b) autosensitive c) cognitive d) polysensory

d) polysensory

The term ________ _________ means that imagery has a similar function outcome as an actual movement.

functional equivalence

Mental symbols or models for desired components of performance are known as ___________ ___________.

symbolic images

Words or phrases that remind athletes to focus on key aspects in an image to make the mental representation correct are known as __________.

triggers