PHIL110 Q2-10

The Life of St. Francis

was composed from reports collected by Thomas of Celano, who was officially commissioned after Francis's death

Each of the following is one of the three "jewels" or "refuges" in Buddhism except Select one: a. dharma b. buddha c. anatman d. sangha

c. anatman

All Muslims are required, without exception, to complete the Hajj once in their lifetime.

True

The category of the "synoptic gospels" includes all four canonical gospels, but none of the non-canonical gospels. Select one: True False

False

The first noble truth holds that the material world is evil Select one: True False

False

Zen practice of Buddhism is characterized by: Select one or more: a. developing self-reliance instead of devotion to a bodhisattva b. careful and devoted study of the Lotus Sutra c. use of koans to expose the inability of rational perception of enlightenment d. seeking spontaneous experience of enlightenment

A, C, D

The Gospel of Mark Select one or more: a. is one of the synoptic gospels b. offers a detailed account of the birth and childhood of Jesus c. sets the life of Jesus against an apocalyptic background d. is widely regarded as the earliest gospel narrative about Jesus

- is one of the synoptic gospels - sets the life of Jesus against an apocalyptic background - is widely regarded as the earliest gospel narrative about Jesus

Throughout Israel's history as an independent monarchy, the king was a descendent of David who ruled a unified kingdom centered in Jerusalem. Select one: True False

False

Women were forbidden from joining the sangha until after the lifetime of the Buddha. Select one: True False

False

The Temple in Jerusalem Select one or more: a. offered open access to all Israelites regardless of gender or social status b. served as a place for Israel to meditate upon God, but did not enable an encounter with God's presence as God transcends the earth entirely c. Restricted access to some areas of the Temple to certain groups within Israel d. was understood to have God's presence concentrated in the "holy of holies" which only the high priest could enter only on the Day of Atonement

-Restricted access to some areas of the Temple to certain groups within Israel -was understood to have God's presence concentrated in the "holy of holies" which only the high priest could enter only on the Day of Atonement

From information Paul provides in his letters, we learn that Select one or more: a. he was one of the original disciples of Jesus b. he was a native Hebrew speaker c. he believed his calling as an apostle was based in a revelation he experienced of the risen Christ d. he identified as a Pharisee at some point in his life

-he believed his calling as an apostle was based in a revelation he experienced of the risen Christ -he identified as a Pharisee at some point in his life

In Judaism, "Torah" Select one or more: a. is understood in rabbinic teaching to contain both a written and an oral revelation b. is defined exclusively as the first five books of the Bible c. is publicly read by a child at the bar mitzvah/bat mitzvah ceremony d. derives from the Hebrew words that mean "Law" or "teaching"

-is understood in rabbinic teaching to contain both a written and an oral revelation -is publicly read by a child at the bar mitzvah/bat mitzvah ceremony -derives from the Hebrew words that mean "Law" or "teaching"

As a period of Jewish history, the Exile Select one or more: a. entailed a creative literary period in which Jewish writers produced a number of texts that are part of TaNaKh b. resulted in the permanent elimination of the priesthood in Judaism c. temporarily interrupted the monarchy until it was restored by the Persian empire d. occurred after the destruction of the kingdom of Judah by the Babylonian empire

-occurred after the destruction of the kingdom of Judah by the Babylonian empire -entailed a creative literary period in which Jewish writers produced a number of texts that are part of TaNaKh

When the synagogue emerged as a central institution in Judaism Select one or more: a. it replaced the temple as the primary location for animal sacrifice b. prayer and torah study, rather than sacrifice, became the means for encountering the presence of God c. rabbis, rather than priests, became the leading authorities for the Jewish people d. God was regarded as no longer present to the people of Israel because God was only present in the Temple in Jerusalem

-prayer and torah study, rather than sacrifice, became the means for encountering the presence of God -rabbis, rather than priests, became the leading authorities for the Jewish people

Characteristics of the Second Temple period in Judaism include Select one or more: a. the homeland of Jews was mostly under the control of foreign empires b. the Temple was restored, but sacrifices were no longer permitted c. the high priest was the primary political and religious authority d. the king usurped authority that in previous eras had been under the control of prophets and levites

-the homeland of Jews was mostly under the control of foreign empires -MISSING SOMETHING, d is wrong though

The following are all events that are narrated in the Legend of Buddha Shakyamuni Select one or more: a. an offering of food that Siddhartha receives from Nandabala b. an account of the education of Siddhartha to fulfill his position as a brahmin c. an encounter with an old man, a sick man, and a corpse on an outing from the palace d. the Buddha's ascent to nirvana without having to experience death e. the Buddha's travels to China to teach the Dharma

A and C

Buddhism Select one or more: a. is the majority tradition in several Asian nations b. is becoming increasingly popular in Europe and North America c. is the fourth-largest tradition among world religions d. Originated in India but now only a few practitioners live there

A, B, C, and D

According to Theravada Buddhism Select one or more: a. Theravadin practice represents the original and authentic teaching of the Buddha b. laypeople generally cannot achieve nirvana in this lifetime but can accumulate karmic merit by offering gifts in support of the sangha c. devotional prayer to a celestial buddha can enable rebirth in a pure land beyond samsara, from which one can progress to nirvana d. the Buddha is beyond reach and therefore the monks must reach nirvana through their own individual study and practice

A, D

Among the distinctive features of Vajrayana Buddhism are Select one or more: a. predominance in Taiwan and Laos b. inclusion of Tantric elements in its practice c. rejection of any scriptures outside of the Pali Canon d. reverence for the Dalai Lama

B, D

All of the following religious traditions originated in the Indian subcontinent except a. Sikhism b. Buddhism c. Jainism d. Bahai e. Hinduism

Bahai

With the rise of the Zhou dynasty, Tian replaced this figure as the chief power a. Shangdi b. Brahman c. Vishnu d. Agni e. Laozi

Brahman is wrong

The practice of "skillful" or "expedient" means a. holds that only the arhat has the skills necessary to attain enlightenment b. identifies unique skills for each novice to cultivate when he or she enters the Sangha c. restricts the activity of the Sangha to skillful interpretation of the Scriptures d. emphasizes development of proper mental disposition to perceive the truth of the Dharma

C is Wrong

In Mahayana Buddhism Select one or more: a. only the Buddha himself was capable of achieving enlightenment b. one can only be religious by making a vow to live in the sangha c. all beings can attain buddhahood d. the bodhisattva embodies the ideal of compassion for all beings

C, D

Mahayana Buddhism Select one or more: a. is known as the "Way of the Elders" b. is the vehicle that is dominant in Sri Lanka, Thailand, and Southeast Asia c. is known as the "Greater Vehicle" d. is the vehicle that is dominant in China and East Asia

C, D

In Christian teaching, the doctrine of Incarnation means

Christ is believed to be fully human and fully divine

In the Legend of Buddha Shakyamuni, after experiencing enlightenment, the Buddha a. accepts an alms bowl from the world guardians and begins to teach the Dharma b. rebukes Krishna who criticized his refusal to engage in war in keeping with his dharma c. returned all gifts he had received so that he might eliminate his karmic balance d. immediately entered nirvana as release from the cycle of samsara

D is the Wrong Answer, not sure what the correct one is

According to the doctrine of trikaya, Buddha-nature is Select one or more: a. is present in humans and all other beings b. is manifested in the celestial buddhas that preside over pure lands c. is the same as the trimurti (Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva) in HInduism d. is manifested in the earthly body of the historical Buddha e. is manifested in the "body of truth" (dharmakaya) in an undifferentiated form

D, E *Missing some, only earned half points

In the Bhagavad Gita, when Arjuna expresses his reluctance for the battle, Krishna's initial response expresses deep sympathy for the prince's compassion toward his opponents Select one: True False

False

In Genesis chapter one, God's sovereignty over creation is made clear in that a. God creates solely by speaking and God's commands are immediately put into effect b. God overcomes the sterility of the world by causing a fountain to bring water to the desert c. God chains Satan in the underworld so that he cannot corrupt the Creation d.God overcomes the evil powers to bring the universe into existence

God creates solely by speaking and God's commands are immediately put into effect

Each of these represents an episode in the Life of Francis, except:

How Francis was rescued from soldiers by a wolf he had previously nursed back to health

The following are all foundational literary collections of rabbinic teaching Select one or more: a. Mishnah b. Talmud c. Dead Sea Scrolls d. Midrash

Mishnah Talmud Midrash

Match each of the following terms to the most appropriate description for its meaning and use within Buddhism Sangha - Anicca - Dukkha - Dharma - Options: impermanence; teaching of the Buddha after his enlightenment; duty or law; cessation of desire; Non-self; Monastic community; suffering

Sangha - Monastic community Anicca - impermanence Dukkha - suffering Dharma - teaching of the Buddha after his enlightenment

Match the terms Shu Wen Junzi Wuwei Li Choose...benevolence or humaneness, noble one cultivation effortless action or actions without intention Ritual propriety reciprocity filial piety

Shu - reciprocity Wen - cultivation Junzi - noble one Wuwei - effortless action or actions without intention Li - ritual propriety

Match the following terms to their appropriate descriptions Talmud Kethuvim midrash Nevi'im Dead Sea Scrolls Choose...oldest post-biblical sacred Jewish text, Non-canonical texts discovered at the Qumran settlement, Prophets, one of the sections of the Hebrew Bible, hidden scriptures used by rabbis to extend biblical tradition, extensive commentary on the Jewish Law produced in Rabbinic Judaism, Writings, one of the sections of the Hebrew Bible, commentary on TaNaKh

Talmud - extensive commentary on the Jewish Law produced in Rabbinic Judaism Kethuvim - Writings, one of the sections of the Hebrew Bible midrash - commentary on TaNaKh Nevi'im - Prophets, one of the sections of the Hebrew Bible Dead Sea Scrolls - Non-canonical texts discovered at the Qumran settlement

The first diaspora of the Jewish people can be attributed to Select one: a. the capture of Jerusalem and the destruction of the first temple by the Babylonian empire b. The expulsion of the Jews by the Muslim conquerors of Jerusalem c. The destruction of the Second Temple by the Romans in 70 CE and the exiling of the rabbinic authorities from Jerusalem d. The conquest of Jerusalem by the crusading armies of European Christian rulers

The destruction of the Second Temple by the Romans in 70 CE and the exiling of the rabbinic authorities from Jerusalem is WRONG

In Laudato Si, Pope Francis asserts that the Christian tradition has never recognized an absolute right of private property

True

In the Bhagavad Gita, Krishna declares "Just as one throws out old clothes and then takes on other, new ones; so the embodied self casts out old bodies as it gets other, new ones." This analogy expresses the immortality and eternality of atman. Select one: True False

True

Differences between the stories of Mahavira and the Legend of Buddha Shakyamuni include Select one or more: a. Unlike the Buddha, Mahavira's ascetic practice is presented as following the tradition of a long line of spiritual "conquerors" of the world of samsara b. When Mahavira vows to seek complete enlightenment, he squats in the direct heat of the sun, unlike the Buddha who sits under the shade of a tree c. Unlike the Buddha, Mahavira only leaves his household to pursue enlightenment after completing his dharma as a householder d. While the Buddha is said to be the child of a king, Mahavira grows up in the household of a lower-class merchant

Unlike the Buddha, Mahavira's ascetic practice is presented as following the tradition of a long line of spiritual "conquerors" of the world of samsara & When Mahavira vows to seek complete enlightenment, he squats in the direct heat of the sun, unlike the Buddha who sits under the shade of a tree

The title of Laudato Si comes from

a hymn attributed to St. Francis of Assisi

In the synoptic gospels, Jesus focuses his teaching on Select one: a. a message of the coming "Kingdom of God" b. rejection of Jewish priests as "traitors" to God c. armed resistance against the Roman Empire to lead to a messianic restoration of the Davidic kingdom d. a promise of "eternal life" to anyone who believes in him

a message of the coming "Kingdom of God"

This vehicle is most closely associated with Buddhist practice in Tibet a. Vajrayana b. Theravada c. Hinayana d. Mahayana

a. Vajrayana

In the Bhagavad Gita, Krishna identifies himself as Select one or more: a. a personal god who will reward anyone who offers exclusive devotion to him b. the ultimate reality that is simultaneously being and non-being c. Arjuna's true father, who has raised him secretly to hide his true identity from Ravana, the evil king who has plotted against the Kaurava family d. simply a charioteer waiting upon his master's instructions

a. a personal god who will reward anyone who offers exclusive devotion to him b. the ultimate reality that is simultaneously being and non-being

The dragon king's daughter a. attains enlightenment even though she is female, non-human, and not a member of the sangha b. conspires with Devadatta in an attempt to kill the Buddha c. is transformed into an arhat when she recites the name of Amida Buddha d. confesses to her sins when she is confronted by the Buddha

a. attains enlightenment even though she is female, non-human, and not a member of the sangha

The Legend of Buddha Shakyamuni holds that the young Siddhartha departed from the palace after Select one: a. encountering the sights of an old man, an ill person, and a corpse b. accidentally killing a friend while engaged in a sword lesson c. seeing cruel treatment of a rare white elephant d. objecting to his father's decision to go to war with a neighboring kingdom e. overhearing his mother's unjust criticism of her servants

a. encountering the sights of an old man, an ill person, and a corpse

Karmic yoga entails Select one: a. fulfilling dharma without attachment to the fruits of one's actions b. recognizing all of one's past lives c. none of these d. meditation on the ultimate nature of reality e. intense devotion to a personal god

a. fulfilling dharma without attachment to the fruits of one's actions

Pure Land Buddhism holds that a. salvation can be attained by properly calling upon the celestial Buddha b. careful Scriptural study is necessary for the path to salvation c. release from the cycles of Samsara can be accomplished only through the sudden insight that comes from meditation d. salvation is only possible for monks and nuns

a. salvation can be attained by properly calling upon the celestial Buddha ALSO focuses on devotion to Amitabha Buddha

In Buddhist teaching, "nirvana" refers to a. the "blowing out" or "extinguishing" of desire that leads to suffering b. the accumulation of good karma for liberation from this reality c. the union of the self with Brahman d. the abode of the righteous beyond samsara

a. the "blowing out" or "extinguishing" of desire that leads to suffering

In this image, what do the deer on either side of the wheel represent? a. the location of the Buddha's first sermon in the Deer Park b. the compassion of the Buddha for all living creatures c. the deer that miraculously brought food to Siddhartha when he was close to starvation d. the decision of Siddhartha to abandon the palace after watching deer slaughtered during a hunt

a. the location of the Buddha's first sermon in the Deer Park

According to the Legend of Buddha Shakyamuni, at the moment of his enlightenment, the Buddha perceives a. the reality of non-self b. the full weight of his greed that "poisons" his consciousness c. the enduring presence of Brahman underneath all of changing reality d. the Pure Land beyond Samsara

a. the reality of non-self

The tale of the dragon king's daughter illustrates this doctrine a. the universal accessibility of Buddhahood b. the futility of relying on gods to assist in progress toward enlightenment c. the necessity of training as an arhat to reach enlightenment d. the uniqueness of Shakyamuni as the sole Buddha

a. the universal accessibility of Buddhahood

The teachings of Confucianism demonstrate significant concern with all of the following except a. upholding the cosmic moral order b. respecting one's ancestors c. restoring proper social relationships d. achieving immortality

achieving immortality

The earliest extant Christian writings a. are the letters of Paul b. only began to appear after the fall of the Roman empire c. are the synoptic gospels d. are gospels rejected from the Christian canon, such as the Gospel of Thomas

are the letters of Paul

Muhammad's initial preaching in Mecca that insisted on the oneness of God

aroused opposition, in part because it threatened the economic interests of Mecca

The concept of Original Sin

associated with the teaching of Augustin, foundational to Catholic + Protestant, but not Orthodox, holds that Adam and Eve's disobedience stained future generations with the effects of their sin

Mirabai expresses her devotion to the "Mountain Lifter." This is: a. The prince (rana) of her realm b. Krishna c. Devi, the goddess d. The Trimurti

b. Krishna

This depiction represents this incident from the life of the Buddha Select one: a. The Buddha entering into meditation during his years in the palace b. The Buddha calling the earth to witness to his worthiness c. The Buddha turning the wheel of the dharma d. The Buddha preaching the first sermon to followers in the Deer Park

b. The Buddha calling the earth to witness to his worthiness

This Daoist teacher promoted complete renunciation of society a. Amitabha b. Zhuangzi c. Laozi d. Master Kong

b. Zhuangzi

The BJP Select one or more: a. is the only political party legally authorized in India b. embraces the Hindutva concept developed in early twentieth century colonial India c. all of these d. has attempted to rewrite Hindu history in school textbooks e. advances a vision of India as a thoroughly Hindu nation and Hinduism as a unified, monolithic tradition

b. embraces the Hindutva concept developed in early twentieth century colonial India d. has attempted to rewrite Hindu history in school textbooks e. advances a vision of India as a thoroughly Hindu nation and Hinduism as a unified, monolithic tradition

The Bhagavad Gita tells how Arjuna experienced this conflict on the battlefield a. he believed in ahimsa and did not want to cause harm to any beings b. even though he was a warrior, he did not want to injure or kill his relatives c. his wife was captured by the other side and he feared that harm would come to her in battle. d. he was a devotee of the Buddha and believed in a self

b. even though he was a warrior, he did not want to injure or kill his relatives

According to the principle of interdependent origination a. Brahman is the ultimate reality b. everything that exists came into being from another cause c. reality is an illusion d. the high god created everything simultaneously

b. everything that exists came into being from another cause

The bhakti movement emphasized a. philosophical investigation of the nature of brahman b. expression of passionate love for a personal god c. strict performance of dharma appropriate for one's social class. d. "desireless action" as a means to eliminate karmic fruit

b. expression of passionate love for a personal god

In the Legend of Buddha Shakyamuni, Devadatta a. becomes the leader of the Sangha after the Buddha's death b. is Siddhartha's cousin, who eventually betrays him and attempts to kill him c. is a wandering mendicant who urges Siddhartha to depart the palace in order to find the true nature of the Dharma d. is Siddhartha's first and most loyal companion

b. is Siddhartha's cousin, who eventually betrays him and attempts to kill him

Laozi Select one or more: a. is regarded in Daoism as the author of all of the "Five Classics" b. was later regarded in Daoism as a divine figure, the human incarnation of the Dao c. is reputed to be the author of the Daodejing d. relates a story that he dreamed of himself as a butterfly

b. was later regarded in Daoism as a divine figure, the human incarnation of the Dao & c. is reputed to be the author of the Daodejing

In the Analects, Master Kong says about himself a. that his disciples should imitate his example in every respect to become a junzi b. that he understood the nature of Tianming by the age of 15 c. that while he does not claim to be a sage or man of virtue (ren), he does strive for this attainment d. that he has twice attained complete union with the Dao

c. that while he does not claim to be a sage or man of virtue (ren), he does strive for this attainment

The decline of Buddhist practice in India can be associated historically with all of these factors except Select one: a. Buddhists lost royal support and patronage from Indian rulers after the collapse of the Gupta Empire b. the rise of Bhakti out competed Buddhist monasteries in Southern India c. the rise of Hindu nationalism and the embrace of the ideology of hindutva d. the incursion of Muslim Turks in Northern India damaged Buddhist monasteries

c. the rise of Hindu nationalism and the embrace of the ideology of hindutva *B is wrong*

All of the following reflect one of the three marks of reality in Buddhism, except Select one: a. no being possesses permanent identity b. life is constantly changing c. all beings strive for union with Brahman d. suffering and dissatisfaction are characteristic of life

c. all beings strive for union with Brahman

"Hindutva" refers to a. the ideal advocated by the Arya Samaj of recovering a purified Vedic tradition b. the state of union between a bhakta and a personal god c. an ideology that connects Indian national identity with Hindu religious identity d. Gandhi's conception of an independent Indian nation that was unified across religious boundaries

c. an ideology that connects Indian national identity with Hindu religious identity

"Religious" Daoism a. focused exclusively on private meditation instead of study of scriptures b. had little influence in the development of Chinese culture c. emphasized the cultivation of physical disciplines to promote immortality d. developed as a protest against Hindu influence in China

c. emphasized the cultivation of physical disciplines to promote immortality

In the Legend of Buddha Shakyamuni, Suddhodana a. is Siddhartha's son and journeys from the palace to seek reunion with his father b. is Siddhartha's father, who eventually counsels him to depart the palace to learn the true marks of reality c. is Siddhartha's father and seeks to dissuade his son from the path foretold for him by a seer d. is Siddhartha's son and attempts to kill his father in revenge for abandoning him

c. is Siddhartha's father and seeks to dissuade his son from the path foretold for him by a seer

The following proposition expresses one of the four noble truths Select one: a. there is no escape from samsara b. all reality is one and permanent c. suffering is an inevitable part of life d. all religions are equal paths to nirvana

c. suffering is an inevitable part of life

Buddhists say that the Buddha "turned the wheel of the dharma." This implies a. there is no escape from samsara, just another cycle of desire, suffering, and rebirth b. after the Buddha created the Dharma, he set it in motion in response to the cycle of samsara c. the Buddha is not the founder of the Dharma, but sets it in motion after discovering its truth d. the Buddha sought to "turn the clock back" on his life and sought to return to his palace after long years of ascetic practice

c. the Buddha is not the founder of the Dharma, but sets it in motion after discovering its truth

The Parable of the Burning House illustrates Select one: a. the need for strict adherence to the four noble truths b. the importance of relying on the guidance of the arhat c. the use of skillful means in teaching dharma d. none of these e. the coming judgment on the world because it is ensnared by delusion

c. the use of skillful means in teaching dharma

The Shema a. represents a later addition to the Torah by rabbis to undermine the authority of priests b. includes a curse on Gentiles as idolaters c. confesses Israel's exclusive loyalty to God d. is no longer recited by Jews

confesses Israel's exclusive loyalty to God

The doctrine of "transubstantiation"

connection to Catholic male-only priests and priest celibacy, refers to transformation of the eucharist into actual blood/body of Christ

Each of these figures can be associated with Hindu reform movements, except Select one: a. Dayananda Sarasvati b. Ram Mohan Roy c. Mohandas Gandhi d. Narendra Modi

d. Narendra Modi

The Buddha taught that cessation of suffering can be achieved by a. rectifying the cosmic order by restoring harmony to the four varnas that constitute society b. ending the inequalities of society c. abstaining from eating meat and other foods produced from animals d. ending all forms of desire

d. ending all forms of desire

Match the following terms to the best definition Choose: a leader "sent" or "commissioned" to represent the church; ritual meal of bread and wine celebrated at set times by various Christian communities; period before Christmas when Christians await the coming of Christ; initiation ritual by which a believer formally enters the Christian community; confession of sins to a priest to obtain forgiveness; practice of casting out a demon that has possessed a person; authorized Latin translation of the Old and New Testaments; Greek translation of TaNaKh exorcism eucharist Apostle Septuagint baptism

exorcism - practice of casting out a demon that has possessed a person eucharist - ritual meal of bread and wine celebrated at set times by various Christian communities Apostle - a leader "sent" or "commissioned" to represent the church Septuagint - Greek translation of TaNaKh baptism - initiation ritual by which a believer formally enters the Christian community

The concept of Yin and Yang a. symbolizes the conflict between good and evil b. expresses the belief that the universe is expressed in opposite and complementary realities c. is similar to the western notion of heaven d. helps practitioners visualize the samsaric cycle of rebirth

expresses the belief that the universe is expressed in opposite and complementary realities

In Martin Luther's understanding,

faith is not a person's own work, but is a gift that God effects in the believer

An "ecumenical" council is one that

has general of universal authority over Christian communities

According to the Daodejing, the Dao a. is the karmic force at the root of all human desires and evils b. is equivalent to Tian c. has neither name nor form d. can be accurately described by any number of words

has neither name nor form

Adherents to Christianity Select one: a. have typically avoided being involved in political activity b. are decreasing in the first decades of the twenty-first century c. are primarily European in ancestry d. have increased most rapidly over the last century in Africa, South America, and Asia

have increased most rapidly over the last century in Africa, South America, and Asia

One example of Paul's "mythic" understanding of Christ is a. he holds that all true believers should exorcise demons just as Jesus did b. none of these as Paul rejects any connection of Christ to Myth c. he holds that believers are baptized into Christ's death d. he holds that the infant Jesus proclaimed himself to be a Son of God

he holds that believers are baptized into Christ's death

Match the following terms to the most appropriate definition - Choose...belief in a single god, belief that there are two opposed originating divinities, Belief that the one god is manifest and embodied in all things, Belief in a high or sovereign god who unites other deities under a single rule, belief that there is no god or divine principle, belief in multiple gods henotheism polytheism monotheism pantheism

henotheism - Belief in a high or sovereign god who unites other deities under a single rule polytheism - belief in multiple gods monotheism - belief in a single god pantheism - Belief that the one god is manifest and embodied in all things

The Christian Old Testament a. shares no content with TaNaKh b. is similar to TaNaKh but varies in some ways c. is exactly the same as TaNaKh d. was passed on to the Christian community by the early rabbis

is similar to TaNaKh but varies in some ways

The story of Nanak's decisive revelation in his spiritual journey to the divine court involves the following elements Select one or more: a. it occurs after a night spent dancing and singing in devotion to God b. the guru is accompanied in his journey by both a Muslim musician and a brahmin, who become co-founders of the Sikh community c. Nanak is instructed by God to "rejoice in his name" d. Nanak is inspired to form the military order of the khalsa to liberate the Punjab in the name of God from Muslim princes e. the guru vanishes for three days and is presumed to be dead

it occurs after a night spent dancing and singing in devotion to God & Nanak is instructed by God to "rejoice in his name" & the guru vanishes for three days and is presumed to be dead

In Confucianism, the practice of virtue through the five great relationships emphasizes a. equality of all people b. mutuality and reciprocity c. the need to accept change in the social order d. unquestioning obedience

mutuality&reciprocity

The concept of ahimsa shared in Jainism, Buddhism, and Hinduism refers to a. non-harm or non-violence b. liberation from samsara c. emptiness of self-being d. extinction of all desires

non-harm or non-violence

Hadith

refers to traditions collected about what the Prophet said and did

The following are implications of the doctrine of creatio ex nihilo in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam Select one or more: a. the creation points to, but does not fully express, God's will b. Flaws in creation result from opposition to God by an evil entity, known as "Satan" or the "devil," who is co-eternal with the Creator. c. the Creator is regarded as transcendent above and sovereign over the creation d. the creation of the cosmos is viewed as an act of the Creator's intention and will

the Creator is regarded as transcendent above and sovereign over the creation & the creation of the cosmos is viewed as an act of the Creator's intention and will & *missing one more*

In reciting the Mul Mantra, a Sikh professes belief in a. the unknowable and unnamable Dao b. the high god who is sovereign over the trimurti c. the Supreme Being who is the Creator d. the eternal god who was incarnate in Vishnu

the Supreme Being who is the Creator

In the story in the Babylonian Talmud about R. Eliezer's argument concerning the "Oven of Aknai," a. R. Jeremiah's claim that the law must follow the majority prevails even over the voice from heaven b. the assembly accepted the Voice from Heaven that proclaimed that R. Eliezer's position was always in agreement with the law (halachah) c. the walls of the meeting hall collapse on the assembly when they refuse to accept R. Eliezer's argument d. the assembly accepted R. Eliezer's argument when he was able to make a stream run backward

the assembly accepted the Voice from Heaven that proclaimed that R. Eliezer's position was always in agreement with the law (halachah) is WRONG

In the account of the giving of the ten commandments in Exodus 20: a. God prescribes only laws that govern how Israel should properly worship God b. the 10 commandments represent the totality of all laws or duties that God requires of Israel c. the commandments includes both religious duties of proper worship of God and social duties of how the people of Israel should conduct themselves towards other people d. the commandments are accompanied by detailed instructions of how Israel should implement and fulfill them

the commandments includes both religious duties of proper worship of God and social duties of how the people of Israel should conduct themselves towards other people

The 5 K's in Sikhism represent a. the physical characteristics and implements that mark a Sikh practitioner b. the articles of faith that all Sikhs accept c. the daily prayers of the Sikh community d. the "pillars" or rituals that all Sikhs must complete in their lifetime

the physical characteristics and implements that mark a Sikh practitioner

The concept of "theosis" refers to

the union of divine and human through assimilation of the believer to Christ

Match the following terms to their most appropriate descriptions- Choose...a "sky clad" monk in Jain practice who has renounced clothing, a "ford maker" who helps believers to cross from samsara to moksha, the community of "pure ones" that were established to defend the Sikh community, ritual dagger carried by members of the Sikh community, Spiritual conqueror who enables followers to overcome samsara, the 10th and final guru in Sikh tradition tirthankara jina khalsa kirpan

tirthankara - a "ford maker" who helps believers to cross from samsara to moksha jina - Spiritual conqueror who enables followers to overcome samsara khalsa - the community of "pure ones" that were established to defend the Sikh community kirpan - ritual dagger carried by members of the Sikh community

Hillel a. refers to requirements for observing dietary laws to produce meat for food b. led a messianic revolt against the Roman empire c. was a prominent leader of the Pharisees d. refers to the legal reasoning process to determine how one should fulfill the mtizvot

was a prominent leader of the Pharisees

According to Muslim tradition and practice, the Qur'an

was gradually revealed to Muhammad over a period of around twenty years

In rabbinic theory, the oral torah a. had a lesser degree of authority than the written torah b.was lost after the destruction of the Temple c. was revealed to Moses at the same time as the written Torah d. was a later addition to the written Torah

was revealed to Moses at the same time as the written Torah

The documents of the New Testament a. were all written in Greek b. all were written after the destruction of the Second Temple c. includes letters written by Jesus to his earliest followers d. were discovered in their original copies among the Dead Sea Scrolls

were all written in Greek

Each of the following is a ritual that pilgrims perform as part of the Hajj

wuquf, praying at tomb of muhammad, circumambulation of Kaba, jogging between hills, stoning at mina