PHL 206 Exam #1 (Chapter 8)

In chapter 8 in the section called "The Good Life" the text points out that Socrates said "the unexamined life is not worth living." The text then proceeds to explain what this means by explicating what an examined life would be. What is the best answer for what an examined life would be?

A life in which one is not ruled by the opinions of others or even one's own opinions.

In chapter 8 in the section entitled "The Good Life" the text discusses what Socrates does and does not consider the good life. What does the text say is not the good life for Socrates?

A pleasant life in which we seek gratification for the sake of having a good time.

Both Socrates and Plato strongly advocated that one seek truth. To what should seeking truth and examining one's life in the process lead according to the text?

An understanding and knowledge of essential reality beyond the world of change and appearance.

With what does the text say that Socrates believes that truth be confused? That is, with what should truth not be confused?

Appearance.

In chapter 8 the text discusses how Plato understands the tripartite soul. What is one of those three parts? (out of id, wisdom, appetites, & NOTA)

Appetites.

What is the Greek term from which the word virtue is derived?

Arete.

The text lists three factors that put Socrates in a difficult political situation. What is one of those three factors according to the text?

Athens was changing politically, no longer was it a free exchange of ideas but people were expressing themselves more cautiously.

The text says that Socrates was put on trial in 399 B.C.E. What does the text suggest is the reason that Socrates chose to stand trial?

By leaving Socrates would be admitting guilt.

Chapter 8 discusses the virtues Plato believes that correspond to the 3 elements of the soul. What virtue corresponds to willpower?

Courage.

In the section on "The Death of Socrates and the Works of Plato" the text asks whether Socrates did in fact offend the gods. In answering this the text suggests that Socrates would refer to a little voice inside of him that would tell him what to do. What is the best answer for the name of this entity telling Socrates what to do?

Daimon.

In chapter 8 the text points out that there are 3 major types of metaphysics in the West. That is, in the West there are 3 major types of answers that answer the question as to what makes up reality. What answers the question as to what exactly is the nature of reality by saying that reality consists of part matter, part mind?

Dualism.

While most ethical theories focus on the question "what should I do?", virtue ethics focuses on a different question with respect to morality. What is the fundamental question that virtue ethics asks regarding ethics?

How should I be?

In chapter 8 the text points out that there are 3 major types of metaphysics in the West. That is, in the West there are 3 major types of answers that answer the question as to what makes up reality. What answers the question as to what exactly is the nature of reality by saying that reality is totally spiritual?

Idealism.

Chapter 8 discusses the virtues Plato believes that correspond to the 3 elements of the soul. What virtue emerges when the 3 parts of the soul are aligned correctly?

Justice.

In chapter 8 the text points out that there are 3 major types of metaphysics in the West. That is, in the West there are 3 major types of answers that answer the question as to what makes up reality. What answers the question as to what exactly is the nature of reality by saying that reality is made up of things that can be measured?

Materialism.

The text discusses whether an unjust person can be happy. What is the best answer regarding whether or not Plato believes that an unjust person can be happy?

No, because the soul is unbalanced.

Socrates was eventually put on trial by his enemies. What is the best answer as to the charge leveled against Socrates according to the text?

Offending the gods and corrupting the youth.

In chapter 8 in the section discussing the tripartite soul the relation between a well ordered soul and a well ordered state is made. In other words, Plato argues that the ideal society has the same structure as the ideal soul. The parts of the soul correspond to the parts of the state. Which part of the state corresponds to reason?

Philosopher kings.

In chapter 8 the text discusses how Plato understands the tripartite soul. What is one of those three parts? (out of ego, reason, mind, & psyche)

Reason.

The text lists three factors that put Socrates in a difficult political situation. What is one of those factors according to the text?

Socrates conducted his classes in public using irony to get his point across.

In chapter 8 there is a discussion of Socrates' Legacy. What is not true of Socrates according to the text?

Socrates left Athens after he was found guilty at his trial.

What was the name of the school that Plato founded?

The Academy

While in prison, one of Socrates' friends, Crito, pleads with Socrates for him to escape. Crito fears that people will think he and Socrates' other friends did not do enough to help Socrates escape and were not good friends. What is the best answer for the reason Socrates refused to escape?

We must not regard what the many say of us but what the one man who understands the just and unjust will say.

In chapter 8 the text discusses how Plato understands the tripartite soul. What is one of those three parts? (out of psyche, ego, willpower, & NOTA)

Willpower.