Photosynthesis: Making Energy

Glycolysis produces 2 molecules of ATP per glucose molecule. In the absence of O2, that is all the energy a cell can extract.

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Calories

A calorie is the energy needed to raise the temperature of 1g of H2O 1 deg. Celsius

What is the chemical energy in the cell called?

Adenosine Triphosphate aka ATP.

Cellular Respiration

C6H12O6+ 6O2 ---> 6 H2O + 6CO2 + energy

What is the formula for photosynthesis?

CO2 + H2O + Sunlight ----> C6H12O6 + O2

Photosynthesis

CO2+H2O ---> C6H12O6 + O2

What is a product of cellular respiration?

Carbon Dioxide.

What 'ingredients' makes glucose?

Carbon dioxide + water (in the presence of light)

What three things are used to make glucose in photosynthesis?

Carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight.

What does cell respiration create?

Cell respiration creates energy.

What process happens in the mitochondria?

Cell respiration happens in the mitochondria.

Glycolysis

Cells gradually release energy from glucose

What are chloroplasts and where are they found?

Chloroplast are green plant organelles that are used to make food and store food energy.

Chlorophyll Absorption

Chloroplast contain thylakoids. Thylakoids- saclike photosynthetic membrane that are arranged in stacks like PANCAKES. The stacks are known as grana/ granum.

Photosystems

Clusters of pigments which are light collecting units.

What happens to carbohydrates during cellular respiration?

During cellular respiration, carbohydrates are broken down and releases energy.

What is the glucose used for?

Energy and growth.

What is produced in photosynthesis?

Glucose and oxygen.

What does glycolysis begin with?

Glycolysis begins with glucoses. It happens in the cytoplasm and only releases a small amount of energy. (2 ATP)

What is the primary pigment found in chloroplasts?

Green.

In the presence of O2 , a cell can produce 36 molecules of ATP per glucose molecule.

It is wayyyyy more efficient to make energy in the presence of O2.

Pigments

Light absorbing molecules.

Aerobic

Oxygen is present. These reactions take place in the mitochondria. -KREBS CYCLE: Pyruvic acid is broken down into CO2 in a series of energy-extracting reactions. -ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN: Uses high energy electrons from the Krebs cycle to convert ADP to ATP.

How many parts does photosynthesis have?

Photosynthesis has 2 parts. -Light dependent reactions: Take place within the thylakoid membranes -Light independent reaction: Calvin Cycle; takes place in the stroma, outside of the thylakoids.

Where does photosynthesis occur?

Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplast.

Chlorophyll

Plant's principle pigment. PLANTS DO NOT ABSORB GREEN LIGHT, THEY REFLECT GREEN LIGHT; THIS IS WHY THEY LOOK GREEN.

An overview of photosynthesis

Plants using the energy of sunlight to convert water and carbon dioxide into high-energy carbohydrates- sugars and starches-, a waste product.

An overview of cellular respiration

The process that releases energy by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen.

Why do most leaves appear green?

They absorb most of the colors in the color spectrum and reflect green light.

What is photosynthesis?

This is a process where the energy from sunlight is used to make glucose.

What are the two main functions of chloroplasts?

To make food and store food energy.

What does photosynthesis require?

Water, carbon dioxide, light, and chlorophyll.

Anaerobic

Without oxygen. Fermentation- releases energy in the absence of oxygen. 1) Alcoholic fermentation: Pyruvic acid + NADH (an energy molecule) ----> Alcohol + CO2 + NADH. * This fermentation produces alcohol* 2) Lactic Acid Fermentation: Pyruvic acid + NADH ----> Lactic Acid + NADH. *This reaction production Lactic Acid*