Physic final

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rod of iron.

7) The magnetic field strength inside a current-carrying coil will be greater if the coil encloses a

becomes an electromagnet. has a current in it.

2) Thrust a magnet into a coil of wire and the coil

repel the magnet as it enters.

3) When a magnet is thrust into a coil of wire, the coil tends to

Where there is a charge in the magnetic field in a closed loop of wire

A voltage is induced, a current is created in the loop of wire, and electromagnetic induction occurs

For FM radio, the F stands for A) frequency. B) forced vibration at which resonance occurs. C) foul. D) female. E) fax.

A) frequency. Practice test 19-21

When you touch a cold piece of ice with your finger, energy flows A) from your finger to the ice B) from the ice to your finger C) actually, both ways

A) from your finger to the ice

64. Is magnetism related to electricity? a. yes b. no

The object with the highest natural frequency is a A) small bell. B) Taco bell. C) large bell.

A) small bell. Homework 20 Test 19-21

Diffraction is more pronounced through relatively A) small openings. B) large openings. C) same for each

A) small openings. Practice Test 26 - 30

4) How many vibrations per second are associated with a 101-MHz radio wave? A) less than 101,000,000 B) 101,000,000 C) more than 101,000,000

B) 101,000,000

The approximate range of human hearing is A) 10 hertz to 10,000 hertz. B) 20 hertz to 20,000 hertz. C) 40 hertz to 40,000 hertz.

B) 20 hertz to 20,000 hertz. Homework 20 Test 19-21

For viewing tiny objects in a microscope, diffraction is A) helpful. B) a hindrance. C) not a factor.

B) a hindrance. Homework Chapter 29 Test 26-30

If glass expanded more than mercury, then the column of mercury in a mercury thermometer would rise when the temperature A) increases. B) decreases. C) neither of these

B) decreases.

Ohm's law

I=V/R

Sound travels fastest in

Ice and steel

Why is ice less dense than water?

Ice crystallizes with an open structure, and the gaps that form between the water molecules in ice increase its volume.

Information-carrying nerves are connected to the retina at A) the fovea. B) the blind spot. C) the cornea. D) the iris. E) the periphery.

B) the blind spot Test 26 - 30

A dolphin perceives its environment by the sense of A) sound B) sight C) both sight and sounds D) neither sight nor sound

19) A floating object oscillates up and down 2 complete cycles in 1 second as a water wave of wavelength 5 meters passes by. The speed of the wave is A) 2 m/s. B) 5 m/s. C) 10 m/s. D) 15 m/s. E) none of these

C) 10 m/s.

A floating object oscillates up and down 2 complete cycles in 1 second as a water wave of wavelength 5 meters passes by. The speed of the wave is A) 2 m/s. B) 5 m/s. C) 10 m/s. D) 15 m/s. E) none of these

C) 10 m/s. Practice test 19-21

The current through a 10-ohm resistor connected to a 120-V power supply is A) 1 A. B) 10 A. C) 12 A. D) 120 A.

C) 12 A. Homework Chapter 23 Test 22-25

Why are materials such as wood, fur, feathers, and even snow good insulators?

Outer electrons in these materials are firmly attached.

What is meant by the period of a pendulum?

The time it takes for the bob to swing back and forth.

Period is...?

The time it takes one peak to move (in the direction of propagation) from its location to the location of the next peak.

7) A floating leaf oscillates up and down two complete cycles each second as a water wave passes by. What is the wave's frequency? A) 0.5 hertz B) 1 hertz C) 2 hertz D) 3 hertz E) 6 hertz

C) 2 hertz

10) An object that completes 20 vibrations in 10 seconds has a frequency of A) 0.5 hertz. B) 1 hertz. C) 2 hertz. D) 200 hertz.

C) 2 hertz.

An object that completes 14 vibrations in 7 seconds has a frequency of A) 0.5 hertz. B) 21 hertz. C) 2 hertz. D) 98 hertz.

C) 2 hertz. Homework 19

2) A fishing-boat captain returns to port saying, "It's rough out there - the waves are 4 meters high." He probably means that the amplitude of the waves is A) 4 m. B) 3 m. C) 2 m. D) 1 m.

C) 2 m.

Sound travels faster in A) air. B) water. C) steel.

C) steel. Homework 20 Practice Test 19-21

If an electric charge is shaken up and down A) sound is emitted. B) light is emitted. C) electron excitation occurs. D) a magnetic field is created. E) its mass decreases.

D) a magnetic field is created. Test 26 - 30

A beam of light travels fastest in A) glass. B) water. C) plastic. D) air. E) is the same in each of these

D) air. Practice Test 26 - 30

Atoms can be excited by A) thermal agitation. B) electron impact. C) photon impact. D) all of these E) none of these

D) all of these Test 26 - 30

Interference is a property of A) light waves. B) sound waves. C) water waves. D) all of these E) none of these

D) all of these Test 26 - 30

Light from a laser is A) monochromatic. B) in phase. C) coherent. D) all of these E) none of these

D) all of these Test 26 - 30

Which of the following continually emits electromagnetic radiation? A) insects B) radio antennas C) red-hot coals D) all of these E) none of these

D) all of these Test 26 - 30

When there is a change in the magnetic field in a closed loop of wire A) a voltage is induced in the wire. B) a current is created in the loop of wire. C) electromagnetic induction occurs. D) all of these E) none of these

D) all of these Practice test 22-25 Test 22-25

The field surrounding every moving electron is A) always magnetic but never electric. B) always electric but never magnetic. C) sometimes magnetic and sometimes electric. D) always both electric and magnetic.

D) always both electric and magnetic. Homework Chapter 24 Test 22-25

The loudness of a musical sound is a measure of the sound wave's A) wavelength. B) frequency. C) speed. D) amplitude. E) all of these

D) amplitude. Test 19-21

Which color of light carries the most energy per photon? A) red B) green C) blue D) violet E) all the same

D) violet Test 26 - 30

An electron volt, eV, is a unit of energy. Which is larger, a GeV or a MeV?

GeV

Heat to vaporize 1 kg of a substance, heat given off by 1 kg of a substance when condensing

Heat of vaporization

A region of expanding air tends to

cool

The direction of an electric field is the direction of the force that the field would exert on a) an atom b) a neutral test charge c) an electron d) a proton e) a molecule

When air rapidly expands, its temperature normally _______.

decreases.

A circuit is powered with a battery. Charge flows a) through both the battery and the rest of the circuit b) only after a couple seconds pass c) out of the battery and into the circuit d) from the negative battery terminal to the positive terminal e) none of these

When a 10-V battery is connected to a resistor, the current in the resistor is 2 A. What is the resistor's value? a) 5 ohms b) 10 ohms c) 2 ohms d) more than 20 ohms e) 20 ohms

Which force binds atoms together to form molecules? a) electrical b) gravitational c) nuclear d) centripetal e) none of these

If you measure the width of an outdoor barn with a steel tape on a very cold day, your measured width will be

a bit long.

as soon as it leaves the barrel

a bullet fired from a rifle begins to fall

6 joules

a coulomb of charge that passes through a 6-V batter is given

When there is a change in the magnetic field in a closed loop of wire,

a current is created in the loop of wire, and voltage is induced in the wire

poor insulator

a good heat conductor is a

the dropped one

a hunter aims a rifle at an angle of 10 degrees above the horizontal. the hunter fires a bullet while simultaneusoly dropping another bullet from the level of the rifle. which bullet will hit the ground first?

positively charged

a negatively charged rod is brought near a metal can that rests on a wood table. you touch the opposite side of the can momentarily with your finger. the can is then

the electron

a proton and an electron are placed in an electric field. which undergoes the greater acceleration?

Faraday's law underlies the operation of

a shake flashlight. an electric guitar. the changing of traffic lights

pitch

a sound source of high frequency emits a high

The unit of electric charge, the coulomb, is the charge on

a specific large number of electrons.

18) The field surrounding every moving electron is A) always electric but never magnetic B) always both electric and magnetic C) sometimes magnetic and sometimes electric D) always magnetic but never electric E) none of the above

always both electric and magnetic

A field surrounding every moving electron is

always both electric and magnetic

What unit is represented by coulomb per second?

ampere

very similar devices

an electric motor and electric generator are

An electron is shot through a spot somewhere between the ends of a horseshoe magnet. The electron

direction is changed

The electrical force between charges is strongest when the charges are a) far apart b) close together c) the electric force is constant everywhere

Two protons attract each other gravitationally and repel each other electrically. By far the greater force is a) the gravitational attraction b) the electrical repulsion c) neither

If you double the frequency of a vibrating object, what happens to its period?

double one and the other is half as much. So, doubling the frequency of a vibrating object halves the period

The electric field around an isolated electron has a certain strength 1 cm from the electron. The electric field strength 2 cm from the electron is a) four times as much b) half as much c) the same d) twice as much e) none of the above

What is the resistance of a 120-W incandescent lamp connected to a 120-V power supply? a) 1 ohm b) 100 ohm c) 144 ohm d) 60 ohm e) none of these

atmosphere

earth satellites are typically more than 100 km high so as to be above earths

both inside and outside earth and throughout the entire universe

earths gravitational field extends

A balloon will stick to a wooden wall if the balloon is charged

either positively or negatively.

Which body glows with electromagnetic waves?

both sun and earth

If magnets wont stick to your stainless steel refrigerator door, the door is probably a mixture of steel and nickel.

but magnets will stick to stainless steel when it is made with chromium instead of nickel

The fundamental force underlying all chemical reactions is

electrical.

36) Metal detectors, like the ones used at airports, are activated by A) magnetic fields B) alternating C) electromagnetic induction D) electric fields

electromagnetic induction

magnetic field intensity in the coil

electromagnetic induction occurs in a coil when there is a change in

Induced electric and magnetic fields result in

electromagnetic waves

Newton's law of cooling applies to objects that are

both of these

A proton and an electron are placed in an electric field. Which undergoes the greater acceleration?

electron

resonance

enrico Caruso a famous opera singer is said to have made a crystal chandelier shatter with his voice. this is a demonstration of

Thermal convection applies mainly to _______.

fluids.

what relative direction between a magnetic field and a current carrying wire results in the greatest force?

force is maximum when the current is perpendicular to the field

electrons move in an electrical circuit?

by interacting with an established electric field

Particle A has twice the charge of nearby particle B. Compared to the force on Particle A, the force on Particle B is a) twice as much b) half as much c) the same d) four times as much e) none of the above

can a steel bridge collapse because of resonance

yes because its very elastic so resonance is easier to reach

What is the lowest possible temperature on the Celsius scale? On the Kelvin scale?

-273°C 0 Kelvin *and -459.7°F!

Fahrenheit Scale

-A hot summer day might be 100. -Ice cream is stored in freezers at 26

Celcius Scale

-Liquid water boils at 100 -A typical room temperature is 24. -Water freezes into ice at 0.

The ocean possesses enormous numbers of molecules, all with kinetic energy. Can this energy be extracted and used as a power source? Defend your answer.

...

You are floating in the ocean, and waves with a wavelength of 12 meters are causing you to bob up and down. If the waves are moving with a speed of 4 m/s, what is your frequency of oscillation?

.33 cycles per second

A piano tuner knows that key on the piano is tuned to the frequency of a test tuning fork and key struck at same time produce beats of

0 Hz

what sound property does the word "pitch" refer to

frequency of sound

An iron core in a transformer

guides magnetic field lines

all atoms have moving electric charges. why aren't all materials magnetic then?

how the charge moves dictates the direction of its magnetic field (a magnetic field is a vector quantity)

In a mixture of hydrogen gas, oxygen gas, and nitrogen gas, the molecules with the greatest average speed are those of..

hydrogen

In a mixture of hydrogen gas, oxygen gas, and nitrogen gas, the molecules with the greatest average speed are those of

hydrogen.

does sound travel fastest in steam water or ice

ice

decreases

if a blob of air is swept upward, with no heat input or output, its temperature

65 C

imagine a giant dry cleaner's bag full of air temperature of -5C floating like a balloon with a string hanging from it 7km above the ground. Estimate what its temperature would be if you were able to yank it suddenly back to earth's surface.

a fraction of a centimeter per second

in a common DC circuit electrons move at the speed of

wave interference

in designing a music hall, an acoustical engineer deals mainly with

If the temperature of a sample of water at 4°C is slightly lowered, its volume

increases

When a hot object makes thermal contact with a cold object, the direction of

internal energy flow is from hot to cold

Magnetic domains normally occur in

iron

If you drop a bar magnet in a vertical copper pipe it will fall slowly because

it induces a magnetic field in the pipe that resists motion of the magnet

When an object absorbs as much as it radiates

it remains at about the same temperature.

When an iron ring is heated, the hole becomes

larger

a vacuum

light travels faster in

red and blue light

magneta light is really a mixture of

iron

magnetic domains normally occur in

Electromagnetic induction occurs in a coil when there is a change in

magnetic field intensity in the coil

what are magnetic pole reversals?

magnetic pole reversals are reversals of the north and south poles, common throughout earths history

The electrical force between charges depends only on the charges'

magnitude and separation distance.

20) Which pole of a compass needle points to a south pole of a magnet? A) south pole B) north pole C) both of these

north pole

Strip electrons from an atom and the atom becomes a

positive ion.

Do both electrical forces and magnetic forces depend on motion?

only the magnetic force requires motion

Two charges are separated by a certain distance. If the magnitude of each charge is doubled, the force on each charge is what?

quadrupled (4X)

When the distance between two charges is halved, the electrical force between the charges

quadruples.

Heat travels from the Sun to Earth by the process of _________.

radiation

Heat travels from the Sun to the Earth by the process of...

radiation

The form of heat transfer that doesn't depend on a medium is

radiation

Molecules in a region of expanding air more often collide with neighboring molecules that are

receding.

Heat normally flows from objects of high

temperature to objects of low temperature.

Both black and white road surfaces absorb sunlight. At the end of a sunny day the warmer road surface will be...

the black surface.

ultraviolet part of the spectrum

the natural frequency of the atoms in glass is in the

Magnetic field

the region of magnetic influence around a magnetic pole or a moving charged particle

Compared to the primary voltage, the secondary voltage can be

the same, lower or higher any of these

The higher the temperature of an object

the shorter the wavelengths it radiates

What unit is represented by joule per coulomb?

volt

39) A transformer actually transforms A) non-safe forms of energy to safe forms of energy B) magnetic field lines C) generators into motors D) voltage E) All of the above choices are correct

voltage

electrical

which force binds atoms together to form molecules

A node is a position of A) minimum amplitude. B) maximum amplitude. C) half amplitude.

A piano tuner knows that a key on the piano is tuned to the frequency of his tuning fork when he strikes them at the same time and the number of beats he hears each second is A) 0 B) 1 C) 2 D) 3 E) 4

A skipper on a boat notices wave crests passing the anchor chain every 5 seconds. The skipper estimates the distance between crests is 15 m. What is the speed of the water waves? A) 3 m/s B) 5 m/s C) 15 m/s D) not enough information given

Neon signs require about 12,000 volts to operate. If the circuit uses a 120-volt power source, the ratio of primary to secondary turns on the transformer should be A) 1:100. B) 100:1. C) neither of these

A) 1:100. Practice test 22-25

A floating leaf oscillates up and down two complete cycles in one second as a water wave passes by. What is the wave's frequency? A) 2 hertz B) 6 hertz C) 1 hertz D) 3 hertz E) .5 hertz

A) 2hertz Test 19-21

16) A skipper on a boat notices wave crests passing the anchor chain every 5 seconds. The skipper estimates the distance between crests is 15 m. What is the speed of the water waves? A) 3 m/s B) 5 m/s C) 15 m/s D) not enough information given

A) 3 m/s

A cello string .75 m long has a fundamental frequency of 220 hertz. The speed of the wave on the string is A) 330 m/s B) 165 m/s C) 294 m/s D) 220 m/s E) none of these

A) 330 m/s Practice test 19-21

About how many octaves are present between 100 hertz and 1600 hertz? A) 4 B) 5 C) 6 D) 7 E) 8

A) 4 Practice test 19-21

The beat frequency produced when a 240 hertz tuning fork and a 246 hertz tuning fork are sounded together is A) 6 hertz. B) 12 hertz. C) 240 hertz. D) 245 hertz. E) None of the above choices are correct.

A) 6 hertz. Test 19-21

When radium (A = 88) emits an alpha particle, the resulting nucleus has atomic number A) 86. B) 88. C) 90. D) 92.

A) 86. Homework Chapter 33

If a guitar has no sounding board, a note played on the guitar will sound for A) A shorter time B) the same length of time C) a longer time

A) A shorter time Practice test 19-21

Sound waves can interfere with one another so that no sound results. A) True B) False C) Either true or false, depending on the air temperature.

A) True Test 19-21

It's impossible for a hydrogen atom to emit an alpha particle. A) True. B) False.

A) True. Homework Chapter 33

Which light source is more energy-efficient? A) a fluorescent lamp B) an incandescent lamp C) both about the same

A) a fluorescent lamp Homework Chapter 30

In a common dc circuit, electrons move at speeds of A) a fraction of a centimeter per second. B) the speed of light. C) the speed of a sound wave.

A) a fraction of a centimeter per second. Homework Chapter 23 Test 22-25

The fact that desert sand is very hot in the day and very cold at night is evidence that sand has A) a low specific heat B) a high specific heat C) no specific heat

A) a low specific heat

Which of the following has the longer wavelength? A) a low-energy electron B) a high-energy electron C) Both have the same wavelength.

A) a low-energy electron Homework Chapter 31

Which of the following can be projected onto a viewing screen? A) a real image B) a virtual image C) both D) neither

A) a real image Practice Test 26 - 30

When you view a distant rainbow, each single water drop contributes to the bow A) a single color. B) either low-, middle-, or high-frequency colors in most cases. C) all the colors of the rainbow.

A) a single color. Test 26 - 30

3) Evaporation is a cooling process and condensation is A) a warming process. B) a cooling process also. C) neither a warming nor cooling process

A) a warming process.

Materials generally become warmer when light is A) absorbed by them. B) reflected by them. C) transmitted by them. D) all of these E) none of these

A) absorbed by them. Homework Chapter 26 Test 26-30

According to quantum physics, measuring the velocity of a tiny particle with an electromagnet A) affects the velocity of the particle. B) has no effect on the velocity of the particle.

A) affects the velocity of the particle. Homework Chapter 31

25) The vibrations of a longitudinal wave move in a direction A) along the direction of wave travel. B) at right angles to the direction of wave travel. C) that changes with speed.

A) along the direction of wave travel.

The vibrations of a longitudinal wave move in a direction A) along the direction of wave travel. B) at right angles to the direction of wave travel. C) that changes with speed.

A) along the direction of wave travel. Test 19-21

21) Like a transverse wave, a longitudinal wave has A) amplitude, frequency, wavelength, and speed. B) amplitude, frequency, and wavelength. C) amplitude, wavelength, and speed. D) wavelength, speed, and frequency. E) amplitude, frequency, and speed.

A) amplitude, frequency, wavelength, and speed.

11 . The force on an electron moving in a magnetic field will be the largest when its direction is a. the same as the magnetic field direction. b. exactly opposite to the magnetic field direction. c. perpendicular to the magnetic field direction. d. at an angle other than 90° to the magnetic field direction. e. none of these

generator.

11) A device that transforms mechanical energy into electrical energy is a

The current through a 10 OHN resist store connected to 120 V power supply is?

12 A

The current through a 10-ohm resistor connected to a 120-V power supply is

12 A

the changing magnetic field that produces it alternates.

12) If the voltage produced by a generator alternates, it does so because

12. The intensity of cosmic rays bombarding the earth's surface is largest at the a. poles. b. mid-latitudes. c. equator.

A step-up transformer steps up voltage by ten times. If voltage input is 120 volts, voltage output is

1200 10 x 120=1200

has no moving parts. operates more efficiently at high temperatures.

13) A principle difference between an MHD generator and a conventional generator is that the MHD generator

13. The magnetic north pole of the earth is nearest a. the Hudson Bay region of Canada. b. Australia. c. both of these

voltage.

14) A transformer actually transforms

14. Which pole of a compass needle points to a south pole of a magnet? a. north pole. b. south pole. c. both of these

the power line

15) The primary of a transformer is the coil connected to

15. An electric motor and electric generator are a. very similar devices. b. entirely different devices.

Two charges separated by one meter exert 1-N forces on each other. If the charges are pushed to 1/4 meter separation, the force on each charge will be

16 N

change in magnetic field for operation.

16) Transformers use ac so there will be the required

16. Magnet A has twice the magnetic field strength of magnet B, and at a certain distance pulls on magnet B with a force of 100 N. The amount of force that magnet A exerts on magnet B is a. at or about 50 N. b. exactly 100 N. c. More information is needed.

larger, smaller, or the same.

17) Compared to the primary voltage, the secondary voltage may be

17. Compared to the huge force that attracts an iron tack to a strong magnet, the force that the tack exerts on the magnet is a. relatively small. b. equally huge. c. More information is needed.

equal to the input power.

18) The output power of a transformer is

18. If a compass is moved from the northern hemisphere to the southern hemisphere, its magnetic needle will change direction a. by 180°. b. depending on where the measurement is taken. c. by 90°. d. hardly at all. e. none of these

the large collapse in the magnetic field.

19) Disconnect a small-voltage battery from a coil of many loops of wire and a large voltage is produced by

19. A likely cause for the existence of the earth's magnetic field is a. moving charges in the liquid part of the earth's core. b. great numbers of very slow moving charges in the earth. c. convection currents in the liquid part of the earth's core. d. all of these e. none of these

Like a transverse wave, a longitudinal wave has A) amplitude, frequency, wavelength, and speed. B) amplitude, frequency, and wavelength. C) amplitude, wavelength, and speed. D) wavelength, speed, and frequency. E) amplitude, frequency, and speed.

A) amplitude, frequency, wavelength, and speed. Test 19-21

23. When there is a change in the magnetic field in a closed loop of wire, a. a voltage is induced in the wire. b. current is made to flow in the loop of wire. c. electromagnetic induction occurs. d. all of these e. none of these

D) neither of these

24) A step-up transformer increases A) power. B) energy. C) both of these. D) neither of these.

24. Thrust a magnet into a coil of wire and the coil a. becomes an electromagnet. b. has a current in it. c. both of these d. neither of these

The electric power of a lamp that carries to 120 V is?

240 watts

100 W.

25) A step-up transformer has a ratio of one to ten. Neglecting slight losses, if 100 W of power go into the primary coil, the power coming from the secondary coil is

25. When a magnet is thrust into a coil of wire, the coil tends to a. attract the magnet as it enters. b. repel the magnet as it enters. c. both of these d. neither of these

A 256 Hz tuning fork is sounded at the same time a piano note is struck. You hear 3 beats per second. What is the frequency of the piano string

253 or 259 Hz

5 A.

26) A certain transformer doubles input voltage. If the primary coil has 10 A of current, then the current in the secondary coil is

26. Electromagnetic induction occurs in a coil when there is a change in a. electric field intensity in the coil. b. magnetic field intensity in the coil. c. voltage in the coil. d. the coil's polarity. e. electromagnetic polarity.

electromagnetic induction.

27) Metal detectors, like the ones used at airports, are activated by

27. Voltage can be induced in a wire by a. moving the wire near a magnet. b. moving a magnet near the wire. c. changing the current in a nearby wire. d. all of these e. none of these

Kelvin Scale Freezing Point

273 K

ac voltage can be transformed via conventional transformers.

28) The principal advantage of ac power over dc power is that

28. The magnetic field strength inside a current-carrying coil will be greater if the coil encloses a a. vacuum. b. wooden rod. c. glass rod. d. rod of iron. e. none of these

E) none of these.

29) The major advantage of MHD generators over conventional generators is that MHD generators A) do not use electromagnetic induction. B) do not require magnets. C) require no power input. D) all of these. E) none of these.

Moving electric charges will interact with A) an electric field or a magnetic field. B) only a magnetic field. C) only an electric field.

A) an electric field or a magnetic field. Homework Chapter 24 Practice Test 22-25

An electric motor is very similar to A) an electric generator. B) an automobile battery. C) a radio receiver.

A) an electric generator. Homework Chapter 25 Practice Test 22-25

The vibrational direction of the electron and the plane of polarization of the light it emits A) are the same. B) are at right angles to each other. C) are independent of each other.

A) are the same. Homework Chapter 29

An electron and a proton A) attract each other. B) repel each other. C) annililate.

A) attract each other. Homework Chapter 22 Practice Test 22-25

Like kinds of magnetic poles repel while unlike kinds of magnetic poles A) attract. B) repel also. C) may attract or repel.

A) attract. Homework Chapter 24 Practice Test 22-25

The law of reflection holds for A) both of these B) plane mirrors C) curved mirrors

A) both of these Homework Chapter 28

The electrical force between charges is strongest when the charges are A) close together. B) far apart. C) opposite signs.

A) close together. Homework Chapter 22 Test 22-25

29. If a magnet is pushed into a coil, voltage is induced across the coil. If the same magnet is pushed into a coil with twice the number of loops, a. one-half as much voltage is induced. b. the same voltage is induced. c. twice as much voltage is induced. d. four times as much voltage is induced. e. none of these

3. An iron rod becomes magnetic when. a. positive ions accumulate at _me end and negative ions at the other end. b. its atoms are aligned having plus charges on one side and negative charges on the other. c. the net spins of its electrons are in the same direction. d. its electrons stop moving and point in the same direction. e. none of these.

moving the wire near a magnet. moving a magnet near the wire. changing the current in a nearby wire.

5) Voltage can be induced in a wire by

5. Several paper clips dangle from the north pole of a magnet. The induced pole in the bottom of the lowermost paper clip is a a. north pole. b. south pole. c. north or south pole-no difference really.

50. If the primary of a transformer were connected to a dc power source, the transformer would have a voltage output a. at a higher efficiency than with an ac source. b. the same. c. that is also dc. d. only while being connected or disconnected. e. none of these

51. What does the term magnetism come from? a. the interaction of relativistic electric fields on moving charges b. from a region of Magnesia, a province of Italy c. from a region of Magnesia, a province of Greece d. the Latin term for "attraction of metal" e. the Latin term for "electron"

52. The first stones that were found to have magnetic qualities were called: a. lodestones b. iron ore c. nickelodeon d. bodestones e. loderocks

53. Who were the first to use magnets for a compass? a. French b. Italians c. Chinese d. Americans e. Indians

54. Who was the scientist who first made artificial magnets by rubbing pieces of iron against magnetic rocks? a. William Gilbert b. John Mitchell c. Hans Christian Oersted d. Andre-Marie Ampere e. Mr. Smith

24) The voltage across the input terminals of a transformer is 110 V. The primary has 50 loops and the secondary has 25 loops. The voltage the transformer puts out is A) 110 V B) 55 V C) 220 V D) 25 V E) none of these

55 V

55. Which scientist was credited with finding out magnetic forces obey the inverse square law? a. William Gilbert b. Hans Christian Oersted c. John Mitchell d. Andre-Marie Ampere e. Mr. Smith

56. Which scientist discovered that an electric current affects a magnetic compass? a. Hans Christian Oersted b. William Gilbert c. John Mitchell d. Andre-Marie Ampere e. Mr. Smith

57. Suppose a magnet exerts an attractive force of 16 N on another magnet while placed 5 cm from it. What will be the force if the magnets are 10 cm apart? a. 8 N b. 32 N c. 4 N d. 0 N e. 256 N

58. Suppose a magnet exerts an attractive force of 16 N on another magnet while placed 5 cm from it. What will be the force if the magnets are 20 cm apart? a. 1 N b. 32 N c. 4 N d. 0 N e. 8 N

59. What are the poles of a magnet called? a. east and west b. positive and negative c. north and south d. electron and proton e. north and west

beats are produced when 2 tuning forks, one of frequency 246 Hz and the other of frequency 252 Hz are sounded together. What is the frequnecy of the beats

6 Hz

6. An iron nail is more strongly attracted to the a. north pole of a magnet. b. south pole of a magnet. c. north or south pole-no difference really.

compared to a sound of 40 decibels, a sound of 60 decibels how many times more intense

60-40... 10*10 = 100 times

60. What is the main difference between electric charges and magnetic poles? a. electric charges can be isolated, magnetic poles cannot be isolated b. electric charges cannot be isolated, magnetic poles can be isolated c. electric charges both attract and repel, magnetic poles only attract d. electric charges both attract and repel, magnetic poles only repel e. magnetic poles both attract and repel, electric charges only repel

61. What would happen if you broke a bar magnet into 8 pieces? a. you would have 8 half magnets b. you would have 4 complete magnets c. you would have 8 complete magnets d. you would get into trouble with the teacher e. you would destroy all magnetic properties of the original magnet

62. The space around a magnet contains what? a. a magnetic field b. mostly nitrogen, with some oxygen and other various gasses c. nothing d. an electric field e. an anti-gravitational field

63. When looking at iron filings that have been allowed to interact with a magnetic field, what does the density of lines suggest? a. nothing b. that the magnetic field is weakest there c. that the magnetic field is strongest there d. that the electric field is un-canceled there e. that the electric field is the strongest there

65. What condition is necessary for an electric charge to have a magnetic field around it? a. it must be in a copper wire b. it must be isolated from the opposite charge c. it must be moving d. it must be motionless e. it must only be positive, a proton

7. Surrounding every moving electron is a. a magnetic field. b. an electric field. c. both of these d. none of these

71. For most magnetic materials, electron _________ is the main contributor to magnetism. a. electron spin b. electron orbital motion c. proton spin d. proton orbital motion

72. Is it correct to say that every electron spinning on its axis is a tiny magnet? a. yes b. no

73. Why are most materials not magnetic? a. they do not conduct electricity b. they conduct electricity c. they are not metals d. the magnetic fields produced by the electron spin is canceled e. they are insulators, meaning that electrons are not free to move around in the atomic lattice

74. In rare earth magnets, such as gadolinium or neodymium what is the main contributor to the magnetic field? a. electron spin b. electron orbital motion c. proton spin d. proton orbital motion

75. Which is not a material that is commonly used to make a magnet? a. iron b. cobalt c. nickel d. copper

76. When you put a compass around a steel can that has been in a closet, and it shows deflection, what caused the can to become magnetic? a. proximity to a powerful magnet b. existence in the Earth's magnetic field c. all steel is a magnet d. no guess

77. What do you call a group of about a billion or so iron atoms that have their magnetic orientation coordinated? a. magnetic field b. magnetic domain c. magnetic flux d. Faraday

78. If you had a billion iron atoms grouped together, could you see it without magnification? a. yes b. no

79. All pieces of iron have magnetic domains, why are most iron nails not magnetic? a. they cannot conduct electricity b. their domains are all oriented with respect to magnetic poles c. their domains are randomly oriented, canceling out most magnetic forces d. their atoms contain 4 electrons that spin magnetism is un-cancelled

8 . Magnetism is due to the motion of electrons as they a. move around the nucleus. b. spin on their axes. c. both of these d. none of these

The mass of ice that can be melted by 1 gram of 100-degree-C steam is (Hint: Don't forget about hot water remaining from condensed steam)

8 GRAMS

twice as much voltage is induced.

8) If a magnet is pushed into a coil, voltage is induced across the coil. If the same magnet is pushed into a coil with twice the number of loops,

How many times will you be in step with a friend when you walk at 80 steps per minute and your friend walks at 75 steps per minute

80-75 = 5 steps per min.

80. When you bring a powerful magnet near an unmagnetized iron nail, what happens to the iron nail? a. it conducts the magnetic field, similar to electricity in a copper wire b. the magnetic domains in the nail align and the nail itself becomes a magnet c. the magnetic domains of the magnet are pulled out of alignment, causing the nail to heat up\ d. nothing, there is no real change in the nail

A floating object oscillates up and down 2 complete cycles in 1 second as a water wave of wavelength 5 meters passes by. The speed of the wave is A) 10 m/s B) 15 m/s C) 5 m/s D) 2 m/s E) none of these

A hologram is simply a A) complex diffraction grating. B) thin sheet of non-cubic transparent crystals. C) pair of semi-crossed polarization filters. D) thin photographic film with microscopic images over the entire surface.

A) complex diffraction grating. Homework Chapter 29 Practice Test 26 - 30 Test 26-30

Aluminum has a specific heat capacity more than twice that of copper. Place equal masses of aluminum and copper wire in a flame and the one to undergo the fastest increase in temperature will be A) copper. B) aluminum. C) both the same

A) copper

As we become older, the frequency range of human hearing A) decreases B) increases C) remains relatively the same

A) decreases Test 19-21

If you wish to hit a red fish with a red laser beam, you should compensate for refraction between the air and water by aiming your laser A) directly at the sighted fish. B) above the sighted fish. C) below the sighted fish.

A) directly at the sighted fish. Practice Test 26 - 30

Every proton in the universe is surrounded by its own A) electric field and gravitational field. B) gravitational field. C) electric field D) None of the above choices are correct.

A) electric field and gravitational field. Test 22-25

A proton and an electron are placed in an electric field. Which undergoes the greater acceleration? A) electron B) proton C) Both accelerate equally. D) Neither accelerates.

A) electron Test 22-25

In an electrically neutral atom the number of protons in the nucleus is equal to the number of A) electrons that surround the nucleus. B) neutrons in the nucleus. C) Choices A and B are both correct. D) Choices A and B are both incorrect.

A) electrons that surround the nucleus. Test 22-25

Light from a lit match comes from A) electrons. B) protons. C) neutrons. D) all of these

A) electrons. Test 26 - 30

You can touch a 100,000-volt Van de Graaff generator with little harm because although the voltage is high, the relatively small amount of charge means there is a relatively small amount of A) energy. B) electric field. C) polarization. D) conduction.

A) energy. Test 22-25

Superconducting electromagnets A) exist now. B) may be possible in the near future. C) may be possible in the distant future. D) are science fiction.

A) exist now. Practice test 22-25

The greater the difference in temperature between the input reservoir and the output reservoir for a heat engine, the A) greater the efficiency. B) less the efficiency. C) Neither - efficiency of a heat engine doesn't depend on temperature difference.

A) greater the efficiency.

The shortest plane mirror in which you can see your entire image is A) half your height. B) about 3/4 your height. C) about 1/3 your height. D) equal to your height. E) dependent on your distance from the mirror.

A) half your height. Practice Test 26 - 30

14) Food in a pressure cooker is cooked faster because of the A) higher temperature. B) greater rate of bubble formation in the water. C) increased internal energy in the water. D) Choices A, B, and C are all true.

A) higher temperature.

The most abundant element in the universe is A) hydrogen. B) helium. C) lead. D) uranium. E) americanium.

A) hydrogen. Homework Chapter 34

The stride of a horse depends somewhat on the pendulum-like swing of its legs. This stride would be higher in frequency if more of the mass in its legs were concentrated A) in the upper part, nearer the horse's body. B) towards its feet. C) halfway up its legs. D) uniformly all along its legs. E) none of these.

A) in the upper part, nearer the horse's body Practice test 19-21

Light from two closely spaced stars will not produce a steady interference pattern at the Earth's surface because of A) incoherence. B) the inherent instability of the atmosphere. C) their different radial distances. D) their non-point like natures. E) Closely spaced stars do produce interference patterns.

A) incoherence. Practice Test 26 - 30

34) Suppose you rapidly stir some raw eggs with an eggbeater. The temperature of the eggs will A) increase. B) decrease. C) remain unchanged.

A) increase

Suppose you rapidly stir some raw eggs with an eggbeater. The temperature of the eggs will A) increase. B) decrease. C) remain unchanged

A) increase.

When a volume of air is compressed and no heat enters or leaves, the air temperature will A) increase. B) decrease. C) remain unchanged.

A) increase.

The energy of sound in air eventually becomes A) increased internal energy of the air. B) weaker and weaker until it disappears. C) cancelled by destructive interference. D) cancelled by both destructive and constructive interference

A) increased internal energy of the air. Practice test 19-21

As a blob of air at a high elevation sinks to a lower elevation with no heat input or output, its temperature A) increases. B) decreases. C) remains the same

A) increases.

As a system becomes more disordered, entropy A) increases. B) decreases. C) remains the same.

A) increases.

Suppose the temperature of the input reservoir in a heat engine doesn't change. As the sink temperature is lowered, the efficiency of the engine A) increases. B) decreases. C) stays the same.

A) increases.

When a light beam emerges from water into air, the average light speed A) increases. B) decreases. C) remains the same.

A) increases. Homework Chapter 28

Suppose a simple pendulum is suspended in an elevator. When the elevator is accelerating upward, the frequency of the pendulum A) increases. B) decreases. C) doesn't change.

A) increases. Practice test 19-21

A positive charge and a negative charge held near each other are released. As they move, the force on each particle A) increases. B) decreases. C) stays the same.

A) increases. Test 22-25

Suppose you put a closed, sealed can of air on a hot stove burner. The contained air will undergo an increase in A) internal energy, temperature and pressure. B) temperature. C) pressure. D) internal energy. E) temperature and pressure

A) internal energy, temperature and pressure.

Magnetic domains normally occur in A) iron. B) copper. C) silver.

A) iron. Homework Chapter 24 Practice Test 22-25 Test 22-25

37) The sonic boom at ground level produced by an aircraft will be reduced if the aircraft A) is smaller, flies higher, and is more streamlined. B) flies higher. C) is more streamlined. D) is smaller. E) None of the above choices are true.

A) is smaller, flies higher, and is more streamlined.

The energy release in both fission and fusion is mainly in the form of A) kinetic energy of fragments. B) alpha radiation. C) beta radiation. D) gamma radiation. E) a combination of alpha, beta, and gamma radiation.

A) kinetic energy of fragments.

If the waves are going by the same frequency, the wave that has the greatest speed will have the greatest A) length B) frequency C) amplitude D) None of the above

A) length Test 19-21*

Systems that are left alone, tend to move toward a state of A) less entropy. B) more entropy. C) no entropy.

A) less entropy.

Place a kilogram block of iron at 40 degrees C into a kilogram of water at 20 degrees C and the final temperature of the two becomes A) less than 30 degrees C. B) at or about 30 degrees C. C) more than 30 degrees C.

A) less than 30 degrees C.

13) When bringing water to a boil in the mountains, the time needed to reach the boiling point is A) less than at sea level. B) more than at sea level. C) the same as at sea level.

A) less than at sea level.

In gaseous form, at the same temperature, the average speed of U-238 compared to the speed of U-235 is A) less. B) more. C) the same.

A) less. Homework Chapter 34

The wavelengths of sound that carry farther in air are relatively A) long. B) short. C) ultrasonic.

A) long. Test 19-21

Atmospheric refraction makes the daylight hours a bit A) longer. B) shorter. C) longer in summer but shorter in winter.

A) longer. Practice Test 26 - 30

A sound wave is a A) longitudinal wave. B) transverse wave. C) standing wave. D) shock wave.

A) longitudinal wave. Homework 20 Practice Test 19-21

Compressions and rarefactions are characteristic of A) longitudinal waves. B) transverse waves. C) both longitudinal and transverse waves. D) none of the above.

A) longitudinal waves. Test 19-21

The frequencies of sound that carry farther in air are A) low. B) high. C) ultrasonic.

A) low. Practice test 19-21

29) A node is a position of A) minimum amplitude. B) maximum amplitude. C) half amplitude.

A) minimum amplitude.

A node is a position of A) minimum amplitude. B) maximum amplitude. C) half amplitude.

A) minimum amplitude. Practice test 19-21

2) To say that evaporation is a cooling process is to say that the A) more energetic particles escape. B) more energetic particles remain in the water. C) the less energetic particles escape.

A) more energetic particles escape.

If the specific heat of water were lower than it is, ponds in the cold of winter would be A) more likely to freeze. B) less likely to freeze. C) neither more nor less likely to freeze

A) more likely to freeze.

The cones in the retina of the eye are A) most densely packed at the center of vision. B) uniformly spread along the visual field. C) concentrated along the periphery of vision.

A) most densely packed at the center of vision. Practice Test 26 - 30

The Earth's atmosphere gets most of its heat A) near the surface of the Earth. B) at high altitudes closer to the sun. C) from the Earth's core.

A) near the surface of the Earth.

Several paper clips dangle from the north pole of a magnet. The induced pole in the bottom of the lowermost paper clip is a A) north pole. B) south pole. C) north or south pole - no difference really.

A) north pole. Test 22-25

A painting looks less flat when viewed with A) one eye. B) both eyes. C) Polaroid glasses.

A) one eye. Practice Test 26 - 30

Which force field can increase a moving electron's speed? A) only an electric field B) only a magnetic field C) either an electric or magnetic field

A) only an electric field Homework Chapter 24 Test 22-25

Which experiment best demonstrates the particle-like nature of light? A) photoelectric effect B) double-slit experiment C) neither

A) photoelectric effect Homework Chapter 31

The intensity of cosmic rays bombarding the Earth's surface is largest at the A) poles. B) mid-latitudes. C) equator.

A) poles. Homework Chapter 24 Practice Test 22-25 Test 22-25

Strip electrons from an atom and the atom becomes a A) positive ion. B) negative ion. C) different element. D) molecule.

A) positive ion. Test 22-25

To totally convert a given amount of mechanical energy into heat is A) possible. B) impossible. C) impossible to answer without additional information

A) possible.

11) Increased air pressure on the surface of hot water tends to A) prevent boiling. B) promote boiling. C) Neither choice A nor choice B is true. D) Choice A and choice B are both true.

A) prevent boiling.

When the distance between two charges is halved, the electrical force between the charges A) quadruples. B) doubles. C) halves. D) is reduced by 1/4.

A) quadruples. Practice test 22-25

A surface that is considered rough for infrared waves may be polished for A) radio waves. B) light waves. C) both of these D) none of these

A) radio waves. Practice Test 26 - 30

Two beams of light, a red beam and a blue beam, have the same energy. The beam with the greater number of photons is the A) red beam. B) blue beam. C) both the same

A) red beam Homework Chapter 31

An excited atom decays to its ground state and emits a photon of green light. If instead the atom decays to an intermediate state, then the light emitted could be A) red. B) violet. C) blue. D) any of these

A) red. Homework Chapter 32

15) When a gas is changed to a liquid state, the gas A) releases energy. B) absorbs energy. C) neither releases nor absorbs energy. D) both releases and absorbs energy.

A) releases energy

To say that energy levels in an atom are discrete is to say the energy levels are well defined and A) separate from one another. B) separated from one another by the same energy increments. C) continuous. D) private.

A) separate from one another. Practice Test 26 - 30

In an electric circuit, the safety fuse is connected to the circuit in A) series. B) parallel. C) either series or parallel.

A) series. Test 22-25

You dip your finger repeatedly into water and make waves. If you dip your finger more frequently, the wavelength of the waves A) shortens. B) lengthens. C) stays the same.

A) shortens. Test 19-21

6) The pendulum with the greatest frequency is the pendulum with the A) shortest period. B) shortest length. C) shortest amplitude. D) greatest amplitude

A) shortest period.

The pendulum with the greatest frequency is the pendulum with the A) shortest period. B) shortest length. C) shortest amplitude. D) greatest amplitude

A) shortest period. Practice test 19-21

The natural frequency of an object depends on its A) size, shape and elasticity. B) size and shape. C) size and elasticity. D) shape and elasticity.

A) size, shape and elasticity. Practice test 19-21

If you stake out a plot of land with a steel tape on a very hot day, the actual amount of land you will have will be A) smaller than measured. B) larger than measured. C) correct.

A) smaller than measured.

Can a sample of water possibly have the same volume after being warmed by several Celsius degrees? A) sometimes B) always C) never

A) sometimes

22) Which of the following is not a transverse wave? A) sound B) light C) radio D) all of these E) none of these

A) sound

Which of the following is not a transverse wave? A) sound B) light C) radio

A) sound Homework 19

Which of the following is not a transverse wave? A) sound B) light C) radio D) all of these E) none of these

A) sound Test 19-21

Which of the following is fundamentally different from the others? A) sound waves B) X-rays C) gamma rays D) light waves E) radio waves

A) sound waves Homework Chapter 26 Test 26-30

A pair of sunglasses and a pair of clear reading glasses are left in the sunlight. The hotter glasses would be the A) sunglasses. B) reading glasses. C) both D) neither

A) sunglasses. Test 26 - 30

28) Which involves the larger number of calories? A) the condensation of 1 gram of steam at 100 degrees Celsius to water at 100 degrees B) the cooling of 1 gram of water at 100 degrees Celsius to 1 gram of ice at absolute zero C) Both involve the same number of calories. D) Neither involves calories.

A) the condensation of 1 gram of steam at 100 degrees Celsius to water at 100 degrees

An electron and a proton are traveling at the same speed. Which has the longer wavelength? A) the electron B) the proton C) Both have the same wavelength.

A) the electron Homework Chapter 31

24) In a longitudinal wave the compression and rarefaction travel in A) the same direction. B) opposite directions. C) a vacuum.

A) the same direction.

In a longitudinal wave the compressions and rarefactions travel in A) the same direction. B) at right angles

A) the same direction. Homework 19 Practice Test 19-21

Disconnect a small-voltage battery from a coil of many loops of wire and a large voltage is produced by A) the sudden collapse in the magnetic field. B) latent energy in the battery. C) electrons already in the wire. D) the electric field between the battery terminals.

A) the sudden collapse in the magnetic field. Practice test 22-25

The fact that thermometer "takes its own temperature" illustrates A) thermal equilibrium B) energy conservation C) the difference between heat and internal energy D) the fact that molecules are constantly moving

A) thermal equilibrium

A Doppler effect occurs when a source of sound moves A) towards you. B) in a circle around you.

A) towards you. Homework 19 Practice Test 19-21

6) We are warmed by condensation because water molecules in the air that strike our bodies A) transfer some of their kinetic energy to us. B) gain kinetic energy as they change state. C) form an insulating layer on our bodies.

A) transfer some of their kinetic energy to us.

Polarization is a property of A) transverse waves. B) longitudinal waves. C) both D) neither

A) transverse waves. Homework Chapter 29 Test 26-30

Sunburns are produced by A) ultraviolet light. B) visible light. C) infrared light. D) all of these E) none of these

A) ultraviolet light. Test 26 - 30

When the speed of sound near the ground is greater than it is at higher altitudes, the sound tends to be bent A) upward. B) downward. C) to the left. D) to the right. E) None of the above choices are correct.

A) upward. Practice test 19-21

21) The food in a refrigerator is cooled by A) vaporization of the refrigerating fluid. B) condensation of the refrigerating fluid. C) the ice in your nearby freezer.

A) vaporization of the refrigerating fluid.

The source of every sound is something that is A) vibrating. B) moving. C) accelerating. D) undergoing simple harmonic motion. E) a net emitter of energy.

A) vibrating. Test 19-21

1) A wiggle in time is a A) vibration. B) wave. C) both D) neither

A) vibration.

A wiggle in time is a A) vibration. B) wave. C) both D) neither

A) vibration. Practice test 19-21

A transformer actually transforms A) voltage. B) magnetic field lines. C) generators into motors. D) non-safe forms of energy to safe forms of energy.

A) voltage. Homework Chapter 25 Practice Test 22-25

Chinook winds tend to A) warm an environment. B) cool an environment. C) cool deserts at night. D) warm deserts at sunrise.

A) warm an environment.

Sound travels faster in air if the air temperature is A) warm. B) cold. C) average.

A) warm. Practice test 19-21

9) When water vapor condenses on the inside of a window, the room becomes slightly A) warmer. B) cooler. C) neither warmer nor cooler.

A) warmer

22) When snow forms in clouds, the surrounding air A) warms. B) cools. C) neither warms nor cools.

A) warms.

Double the frequency of a sound and you halve its A) wavelength. B) speed. C) amplitude.

A) wavelength. Homework 20 Test 19-21

The number of electrons delivered daily to an average American home by an average power utility in the mid 1980s was A) zero. B) 110. C) 220. D) billions of billions.

A) zero. Practice test 22-25

The kind of waves that travel faster through a long metal rod have

All the same speed

An electric motor is very similar to

An electric generator

The voltage across the input terminals of a transformer is 110 V. The primary has 50 loops and the secondary has 25 loops. The voltage the transformer puts out is A) 25 V. B) 55 V. C) 110 V. D) 220 V. E) none of these

B) 55 V. Test 22-25

8) A 60-vibration-per-second wave travels 30 meters in 1 second. Its frequency is A) 30 hertz and it travels at 60 m/s. B) 60 hertz and it travels at 30 m/s. C) 1800 hertz and it travels at 2 m/s.

B) 60 hertz and it travels at 30 m/s.

A 60-vibration-per-second wave travels 30 meters in 1 second. Its frequency is A) 30 hertz and it travels at 60 m/s. B) 60 hertz and it travels at 30 m/s. C) 1800 hertz and it travels at 2 m/s.

B) 60 hertz and it travels at 30 m/s. Practice test 19-21

Industrialization on Earth eventually heats our surroundings to temperatures that are higher than usual. Industrialization in space habitats using exclusively solar power eventually will thermally pollute the solar system. A) True B) False C) cannot be determined without additional information

B) False

A temperature difference of 10 degrees Celsius is also equal to a temperature difference of 10 on the A) Fahrenheit scale. B) Kelvin scale. C) both of these D) neither of these

B) Kelvin scale.

Xenon has atomic number 54, while Krypton has atomic number 36. Given that both gases are at the same temperature, in which medium does sound travel faster? A) Xenon gas B) Krypton gas C) a mixture of both gases D) the same in either gas

B) Krypton gas Practice test 19-21

Some double-pane airplane windows darken when the inner pane is rotated. The panes are A) thin films. B) Polaroid filters. C) optical fibers.

B) Polaroid filters. Homework Chapter 29 Test 26-30

Which element has the smaller critical mass; U-235 that releases 2.5 neutrons per fission, or Pu-239 that releases 2.7 neutrons per fission? A) U-235 B) Pu-239 C) Both would have the same critical mass.

B) Pu-239 Homework Chapter 34

12) Near the top of a mountain, water in an open pot boils at A) a higher temperature than at sea level. B) a lower temperature than at sea level. C) the same temperature as at sea level. D) None of the above choices are true.

B) a lower temperature than at sea level.

Which of the following cannot travel in a vacuum? A) a light wave B) a sound wave C) a radio wave D) All can travel in a vacuum. E) None can travel in a vacuum.

B) a sound wave Test 26 - 30

The unit of electric charge, the coulomb, is the charge on A) one electron. B) a specific large number of electrons. C) a neutron. D) a specific number of neutrons. E) a quark.

B) a specific large number of electrons. Practice test 22-25

28) A standing wave occurs when A) two waves overlap. B) a wave reflects upon itself. C) the speed of the wave is zero or near zero. D) the amplitude of a wave exceeds its wavelength.

B) a wave reflects upon itself.

A standing wave occurs when A) two waves overlap. B) a wave reflects upon itself. C) the speed of the wave is zero or near zero. D) the amplitude of a wave exceeds its wavelength.

B) a wave reflects upon itself. Homework 19 Test 19-21

16) When a solid is changed to a liquid state, the solid A) releases energy. B) absorbs energy. C) neither releases nor absorbs energy. D) both releases and absorbs energy.

B) absorbs energy.

The principal advantage of ac power over dc power is that A) more energy is dissipated during transmission. B) ac voltage can be transformed via conventional transformers. C) ac circuits multiply power more easily. D) ac circuits are safer.

B) ac voltage can be transformed via conventional transformers. Practice test 22-25 Test 22-25

A radiation detector measures the radioactivity of a piece of radium by catching and counting alpha particles it emits. According to quantum physics, making this measurement affects the A) radiation rate of the piece of radium. B) alpha particles that are caught. C) neither of these

B) alpha particles that are caught. Homework Chapter 31

An atom that emits a certain frequency of light is A) not likely to absorb that same frequency. B) an absorber of the same frequency.

B) an absorber of the same frequency. Test 26 - 30

Quantum uncertainties are most predominant for simultaneously measuring the speed and location of A) a baseball. B) an electron.

B) an electron. Homework Chapter 31

The greater proportion of energy immediately converted to heat rather than light occurs in A) a fluorescent lamp. B) an incandescent lamp. C) both the same

B) an incandescent lamp. Test 26 - 30

32) A wave barrier is produced when a wave source moves A) nearly as fast as the waves it produces. B) as fast as the waves it produces. C) faster than the waves it produces.

B) as fast as the waves it produces.

33) A bow wave is produced when a wave source moves A) nearly as fast as the waves it produces. B) as fast as the waves it produces. C) faster than the waves it produces.

B) as fast as the waves it produces.

A wave barrier is produced when a wave source moves A) nearly as fast as the waves it produces. B) as fast as the waves it produces. C) faster than the waves it produces.

B) as fast as the waves it produces. Test 19-21

Radioactivity in the world is something A) relatively new. B) as old as the world itself.

B) as old as the world itself. Homework Chapter 33

The least energy required to produce forced vibration in an object occurs A) below its natural frequency. B) at its natural frequency. C) above its natural frequency.

B) at its natural frequency. Practice test 19-21

Pour a liter of water at 40 degrees C into a liter of water at 20 degrees C and the final temperature of the two becomes A) less than 30 degrees C. B) at or about 30 degrees C. C) more than 30 degrees C.

B) at or about 30 degrees C.

23) The vibrations of a transverse wave move in a direction A) along the direction of wave travel. B) at right angles to the direction of wave travel. C) that changes with speed.

B) at right angles to the direction of wave travel.

The vibrations of a transverse wave move in a direction A) along the direction of wave travel. B) at right angles to the direction of wave travel. C) that changes with speed.

B) at right angles to the direction of wave travel. Practice test 19-21

For light, a red shift indicates that the light source is moving A) toward you. B) away from you. C) at right angles to you. D) actually, all of these E) none of these

B) away from you. Practice test 19-21

Consider a metal ring with a gap cut in it. When the ring is heated, the gap A) becomes narrower B) becomes wider C) retains its size

B) becomes wider

If an alpha particle and a beta particle have the same energy, which particle will penetrate farther into an object? A) alpha particle B) beta particle C) They both penetrate the same distance.

B) beta particle Homework Chapter 33

A quantity of water has more entropy when it is A) frozen ice. B) boiling. C) at room temperature.

B) boiling.

What do electrons have that protons always have in equal magnitude? A) mass B) charge C) energy D) none of these

B) charge Homework Chapter 32

Magnetic field lines about a current-carrying wire A) extend radially from the wire. B) circle the wire in closed loops. C) Choices A and B are both correct. D) None of the above choices are correct.

B) circle the wire in closed loops. Practice test 22-25 Test 22-25

Refraction causes the bottom of a swimming pool to appear A) farther down than it actually is. B) closer to the surface than it actually is.

B) closer to the surface than it actually is. Homework Chapter 28 Test 26-30

5) We feel uncomfortably warm on a muggy day because water molecules are A) evaporating from our moist bodies. B) condensing on our bodies. C) evaporating and condensing on our bodies at the same rate.

B) condensing on our bodies.

The sensation of color is seen when light falls on the eye's A) rods. B) cones. C) both D) neither

B) cones. Test 26 - 30

Your vision is sharpest when your pupil is A) dilated. B) constricted. C) same either way.

B) constricted. Practice Test 26 - 30

Blow on your hand with your open mouth and you feel the warmth of your breath. Pucker your lips so your breath expands as you blow and your breath is A) warmer still. B) cooler. C) neither warmer nor cooler.

B) cooler.

23) Melting snow A) warms the surrounding air. B) cools the surrounding air. C) neither warms nor cools the surrounding air.

B) cools the surrounding air.

An ampere is a unit of electrical A) pressure. B) current. C) resistance. D) all of these E) none of these

B) current. Homework Chapter 23 Test 22-25

Compared to the amount of electric current in the filament of a lamp, the amount of current in the connecting wire is A) actually more. B) the same. C) always less

B) the same. Practice test 22-25

Which body glows with electromagnetic waves?

Both the sun and the earth

Are standing waves a property of transverse waves , longitudinal waves or both?

Both.

A 60-vibration per second wave travels 30 meters in 1 second. Its frequency is A) 1800 hertz and it travels at 2 m/s B) 30 hertz and it travels at 60 m/s C) 60 hertz and it travels at 30 m/s

A Doppler effect occurs when a source of sound moves A) towards you. B) away from you. C) either towards you or away from you. D) in a circle around you.

A bow wave is produced when a wave source moves A) nearly as fast as the waves it produces. B) as fast as the waves it produces. C) faster than the waves it produces.

A common source of wave motion is a A) wave pattern. B) harmonic object. C) vibrating object. D) region of variable high and low pressure. E) none of these

A fishing-boat captain returns to port saying, "It's rough out there - the waves are 4 meters high." He probably means that the amplitude of the waves is A) 4 m. B) 3 m. C) 2 m. D) 1 m.

A floating leaf oscillates up and down two complete cycles each second as a water wave passes by. What is the wave's frequency? A) 0.5 hertz B) 1 hertz C) 2 hertz D) 3 hertz E) 6 hertz

A floating leaf oscillates up and down two complete cycles in one second as a water wave passes by. The wave's wavelength is 10 meters. What is the wave's speed? A) 2 m/s B) 10 m/s C) 20 m/s D) 40 m/s E) more than 40 m/s

A source of high frequency sound emits a high A) speed B) amplitude C) pitch

A standing wave occurs when A) two waves overlap B) the amplitude of the wave exceeds it wavelength C) the wave reflects on itself D) the speed of a wave is near zero

An object that completes 20 vibrations in 10 seconds has a frequency of A) 0.5 hertz. B) 1 hertz. C) 2 hertz. D) 200 hertz.

An observer on the ground hears a sonic boom which is created by an airplane flying at a speed A) just below the speed of sound. B) equal to the speed of sound. C) greater than the speed of sound. D) All of the above choices are true. E) None of the above choices are true.

Two wave crests are generated at opposite ends of a long rope. Will there be an instant in which the rope's amplitude is zero everywhere? A) Yes, if the waves have the same amplitude B) Yes, if the waves have different amplitudes. C) No.

Which doesn't belong to the same family? A) longitudinal waves B) shock waves C) radio waves D) ultrasonic waves E) infrasonic waves

Which of the following is not a transverse wave A) light B) sports wave C) sound

A new theory conforms to the correspondence principle when it A) corresponds to all theories in nature. B) updates the essence of the old theory. C) ties two or more theories together. D) accounts for verified results of the old theory.

D) accounts for verified results of the old theory. Homework Chapter 32

A container of air is at atmospheric pressure and 27 degrees C. To double the pressure in the container, it should be heated to A) 54 degrees C. B) 300 degrees C. C) 327 degrees C. D) 600 degrees C. E) none of these

C) 327 degrees C.

The power dissipated in a 4-ohm resistor carrying 3 A is A) 7 W. B) 18 W. C) 36 W. D) 48 W.

C) 36 W. Practice test 22-25

The ideal efficiency for a heat engine operating between the temperatures of 227 degrees C and 27 degrees C is A) 20%. B) 25%. C) 40%. D) 88%. E) none of these

C) 40%.

The period of the second hand on a clock is A) 1 second. B) 1/60 second. C) 60 seconds. D) 3600 seconds.

C) 60 seconds. Homework 20 Test 19-21

27) The calories needed to change 10 grams of ice at zero degrees C to steam at 100 degrees C is A) 6200. B) 6400. C) 7200. D) 8000. E) None of the above choices are correct.

C) 7200.

The fundamental frequency of a violin string is 440 hertz. The frequency of its second harmonic is A) 220 hertz. B) 440 hertz. C) 880 hertz. D) None of the above choices are correct.

C) 880 hertz. Test 19-21

When U-235 undergoes fission, the two nuclei that result have a total of A) 90 protons. B) 91 protons. C) 92 protons. D) 93 protons. E) 94 protons.

C) 92 protons. Homework Chapter 34

Magnetism is due to the motion of electrons as they A) move around the nucleus. B) spin on their axes. C) Choices A and B are both correct. D) None of the above choices are correct.

C) Choices A and B are both correct. Test 22-25

Heat energy is measured in units of A) joules. B) calories. C) Choices A and B are both true. D) Choices A and B are both false.

C) Choices A and B are both true

Which of these electromagnetic waves has the shortest wavelength? A) radio waves B) infrared waves C) X-rays D) ultraviolet waves E) light waves

C) X-rays Homework Chapter 26

Electrons are made to flow in a wire when there is A) an imbalance of charges in the wire. B) more potential energy at one end of the wire than the other. C) a potential difference across its ends.

C) a potential difference across its ends. Homework Chapter 23 Practice Test 22-25 Test 22-25

Sound waves cannot travel in A) water. B) steel. C) a vacuum.

C) a vacuum. Homework 20 Test 19-21

Light travels fastest in A) warm air. B) cool air. C) a vacuum.

C) a vacuum. Homework Chapter 28 Test 26-30

Superconductors are noted for their A) enthusiasm B) low electric resistance. C) absence of electric resistance. D) low cost.

C) absence of electric resistance. Homework Chapter 22 Test 22-25

The source of all electromagnetic waves is A) vibrating atoms B) changes in atomic energy levels C) accelerating electric charges D) crystalline fluctuations E) none of these

C) accelerating electric charges Practice Test 26 - 30

The speed of a sound wave in air depends on A) amplitude. B) wavelength. C) air temperature.

C) air temperature. Homework 20 Test 19-21

A single raindrop illuminated by sunshine disperses A) a single color. B) either low-, middle-, or high-frequency colors in most cases. C) all the colors of the rainbow.

C) all the colors of the rainbow. Practice Test 26 - 30

Some of a wave's energy dissipates as heat. In time, this will reduce the wave's A) speed. B) wavelength. C) amplitude. D) frequency. E) period.

C) amplitude. Practice test 19-21

For AM radio, the A stands for A) acceleration. B) authorized. C) amplitude. D) agony. E) almost.

C) amplitude. Test 19-21

Rapid change of a magnetic field induces A) a magnetic field of greater magnitude. B) a magnetic field of the same magnitude. C) an electric field.

C) an electric field. Homework Chapter 25 Practice Test 22-25 Test 22-25

31) The Doppler effect is characteristic of A) water waves. B) sound waves. C) light waves. D) all of the above choices E) none of the above choices

D) all of the above choices

The Doppler effect is characteristic of A) water waves. B) sound waves. C) light waves. D) all of the above choices E) none of the above choices

D) all of the above choices Practice test 19-21

Monochromatic light is light of a single A) wavelength. B) frequency. C) color. D) all of these

D) all of these Homework Chapter 29 Test 26-30

Sometimes a flashlight filament glows red instead of white. This indicates a lowness of A) current in the filament. B) battery strength. C) filament temperature. D) all of these

D) all of these Homework Chapter 30

When a bar magnet is broken in two, each half is A) actually stronger than the original magnet B) no longer magnetic C) as magnetic as the original magnet D) at most half as strong as the original magnet

D) at most half as strong as the original magnet Homework Chapter 24 Practice Test 22-25

To say that electric charge is conserved is to say that electric charge A) is sometimes negative B) can be neither created nor destroyed. C) may occur in an infinite variety of quantities.

D) can be neither created nor destroyed. Homework Chapter 22 Test 22-23

In the periphery of our vision, we are A) more sensitive to low frequencies than high ones. B) insensitive to color and movement. C) sensitive to movement, but cannot see color. D) sensitive to both movement and color. E) none of these

C) sensitive to movement, but cannot see color. Practice Test 26 - 30

On some early automobiles both headlights went out when one bulb burned out. The headlights must have been connected in A) parallel. B) perpendicular. C) series. D) haste.

C) series. Test 22-25

Refraction results from differences in light's A) frequency. B) incident angles. C) speed.

C) speed. Homework Chapter 28 Test 26-30

The explanation for refraction must involve a change in A) frequency. B) wavelength. C) speed. D) All of the above choices are true. E) None of the above choices are true.

C) speed. Test 19-21

When sound waves superimpose they can interfere

Constructively and destructively

Heat transfer through the motion of a fluid (liquids, gases, plasma)

Convection

The form of heat transfer that takes place in a house heated by forced air

Convection

Not only is voltage induced when a magnet is thrust into a coil of wire but ______ is also induced

Current

A common source of wave motion is A) a harmonic object B) a wave pattern C) a region of changing pressure D) a vibrating object

A jet traveling at 1500 km/hr passes between observers A and B. In a short time a sonic boom will be heard by A) observer A , observer B, and the pilot of the jet. B) observer A only. C) observer B only. D) observers A and B, but not the pilot.

A wave oscillates up and down two complete cycles each second. If the wave travels an average distance of 6 meters in one second, its wavelength is A) 0.5 m. B) 1 m. C) 2 m. D) 3 m. E) 6 m.

A wave travels an average distance of 1 meter in 1 second with a frequency of 1 hertz. Its amplitude is A) less than 1 meter. B) 1 meter. C) more than 1 meter. D) not enough information to say

A wave travels an average distance of 6 meters in one second. What is the wave's velocity? A) less than 0.2 m/s B) 1 m/s C) 3 m/s D) 6 m/s E) more than 6 m/s

The variety of colors seen in a burning log comes from the variety of A) multi-layered incandescent surfaces. B) electron transitions in various atoms. C) temperatures. D) chemicals in the log. E) absorbing gases between the log and the viewer.

D) chemicals in the log. Practice Test 26 - 30

Wave interference occurs for A) sound waves. B) light waves. C) water waves. D) All of the above choices are correct. E) None of the above choices are correct.

D) All of the above choices are correct. Test 19-21

Voltage can be induced in a wire by A) moving the wire near a magnet. B) moving a magnet near the wire. C) changing the current in a nearby wire. D) Choices A, B, and C are all true. E) None of the above choices are true.

D) Choices A, B, and C are all true. Test 22-25

11) An object that completes 100 vibrations in 5 seconds has a period of A) 0.5 second. B) 1 second. C) 2 seconds. D) None of the above choices are correct.

D) None of the above choices are correct.

We are best at hearing A) infrasonic sound. B) ultrasonic sound. C) both infrasonic and ultrasonic sounds. D) None of the above choices are true.

D) None of the above choices are true. Practice test 19-21

The first law of thermodynamics is a restatement of the A) principle of entropy. B) law of heat addition. C) Carnot cycle. D) conservation of energy

D) conservation of energy

33) The first law of thermodynamics is a restatement of the A) principle of entropy. B) law of heat addition. C) Carnot cycle. D) conservation of energy. E) none of these

D) conservation of energy.

When light reflects from a surface, there is a change in its A) frequency. B) wavelength. C) speed. D) direction E) none of these

D) direction Test 26 - 30

The fundamental force underlying all chemical reactions is A) gravitational. B) nuclear. C) centripetal. D) electrical. E) None of the above choices are correct.

D) electrical. Test 22-25

Which experiences the least electrical force in an electric field? A) alpha particle B) beta particle C) electron D) gamma ray

D) gamma ray Homework Chapter 33

A device that is used primarily to detect nuclear radiation is a A) synchrotron. B) linear accelerator. C) cyclotron. D) geiger counter.

D) geiger counter. Homework Chapter 33

Plutonium is not found in any appreciable amounts in natural ore deposits because it A) is artificially created. B) is chemically inert. C) is a gas at room temperature. D) has a short half-life.

D) has a short half-life. Homework Chapter 34

Which of the following contracts most when the temperature is decreased? Equal volumes of A) iron B) wood C) water D) helium E) all contract the same

D) helium

Which of the following expands most when the temperature is increased? Equal volumes of A) iron. B) wood. C) ice water. D) helium. E) All expand the same.

D) helium.

To wholly convert a given amount of heat energy into mechanical energy is A) possible using a steam engine B) possible using an atomic reactor C) possible using a simple machine D) impossible regardless of the technique used

D) impossible regardless of the technique used

Adiabatic processes occur A) only in the atmosphere. B) only in the oceans C) only in the Earth's mantle. D) in both the atmosphere and the oceans E) in the atmosphere, oceans and the Earth's mantle.

D) in both the atmosphere and the oceans

Most of the waves in the electromagnetic spectrum are A) red light. B) blue light. C) green light. D) invisible.

D) invisible. Homework Chapter 26

A paint pigment that absorbs blue light and gives off red light A) is fluorescent. B) is phosphorescent. C) is used in lasers. D) is fluorescent or phosphorescent. E) doesn't exist.

D) is fluorescent or phosphorescent. Practice Test 26 - 30

Ice has a lower density than water because ice A) sinks. B) molecules are more compact in the solid state. C) molecules vibrate at lower rates than water molecules. D) is made of open-structured, hexagonal crystals. E) density decreases with decreasing temperature.

D) is made of open-structured, hexagonal crystals.

Compared to the primary voltage, the secondary voltage may be A) larger. B) smaller. C) the same. D) larger, smaller, or the same.

D) larger, smaller, or the same. Practice test 22-25

According to the uncertainty principle, the more we know about a particle's momentum, the less we know about its A) kinetic energy. B) mass. C) speed. D) location.

D) location. Homework Chapter 31

A decibel is a measure of a sound's A) frequency. B) wavelength. C) speed. D) loudness. E) all of these

D) loudness. Practice test 19-21

More efficient gasoline engines can be built if A) engines are made to rotate faster. B) a better antifreeze is developed. C) materials are developed that can withstand lower temperatures. D) materials are developed that can withstand higher temperatures. E) None of these - they are already perfectly efficient.

D) materials are developed that can withstand higher temperatures.

26) To turn 50 grams of boiling water to steam requires A) 50 calories. B) 500 calories C) 540 calories. D) more calories than are required to bring 50 grams of ice at absolute zero to the boiling point. E) None of the above choices are correct.

D) more calories than are required to bring 50 grams of ice at absolute zero to the boiling point.

The source of all magnetism is A) tiny pieces of iron. B) tiny domains of aligned atoms. C) ferromagnetic materials. D) moving electric charge.

D) moving electric charge. Homework Chapter 24 Practice Test 22-25 Test 22-25

25) To melt 50 grams of 0-degree-Celsius ice requires A) 25 calories. B) 50 calories. C) 80 calories. D) none of these

D) none of these

38) A jet traveling at 1500 km/hr passes between observers A and B. In a short time a sonic boom will be heard by A) observer A, observer B, and the pilot of the jet. B) observer A only. C) observer B only. D) observers A and B, but not the pilot.

D) observers A and B, but not the pilot.

An atom that absorbs a photon of a certain energy can then emit A) only a photon of that energy. B) a photon of any energy. C) only a photon of the same or higher energy. D) only a photon of the same or lower energy.

D) only a photon of the same or lower energy. Test 26 - 30

If the primary of a transformer were connected to a dc power source, the transformer would have a voltage output A) at a higher efficiency than with an ac source. B) the same. C) that is also dc. D) only while being connected or disconnected. E) none of these

D) only while being connected or disconnected. Test 22-25

27) To say that one wave is out of phase with another is to say that the waves are A) of different amplitudes. B) of different frequencies. C) of different wavelengths. D) out of step. E) all of these

D) out of step.

To say that one wave is out of phase with another is to say that the waves are A) of different amplitudes. B) of different frequencies. C) of different wavelengths. D) out of step. E) all of these

D) out of step. Practice test 19-21

Some light switches glow in the dark after the lights are turned off. This is because of A) fluorescence. B) resonance. C) incandescence. D) phosphorescence

D) phosphorescence Homework Chapter 30

The phenomenon that can be explained only in terms of the particle model of light is A) reflection. B) refraction. C) diffraction. D) photoelectric effect.

D) photoelectric effect. Homework Chapter 33

Which of the following is a property of light waves, but not of sound waves? A) frequency B) wavelength C) amplitude D) polarization E) none of these

D) polarization Practice Test 26 - 30

A watch dial that continues to glow after a week in the dark is almost certainly A) fluorescent. B) phosphorescent. C) polarized. D) radioactive.

D) radioactive Homework Chapter 30 Test 26-30

The moon's redness during a lunar eclipse results from A) only lower frequencies being reflected from the moon. B) infrared radiation that is normally blocked. C) an optical illusion. D) refraction by the Earth's atmosphere of Earth's sunrises and sunsets. E) none of these

D) refraction by the Earth's atmosphere of Earth's sunrises and sunsets. Practice Test 26 - 30

Caruso is said to have made a crystal chandelier shatter with his voice. This is a demonstration of A) an echo. B) sound refraction. C) beats. D) resonance. E) interference.

D) resonance.

The magnetic field strength inside a current-carrying coil will be greater if the coil encloses a A) vacuum. B) wooden rod. C) glass rod. D) rod of iron.

D) rod of iron. Practice test 22-25

The magnetic field strength inside a current-carrying coil will be greater if the coil encloses a A) vacuum. B) wooden rod. C) glass rod. D) rod of iron.

D) rod of iron. Homework Chapter 25

Which shape uses the smallest amount of material when creating a critical mass? A) cube B) elongated box C) cone D) sphere

D) sphere Homework Chapter 34

Astronomers can tell whether a star is approaching or receding from Earth by A) its temperature. B) its change in temperature. C) its absorption spectra. D) the Doppler effect. E) all of these

D) the Doppler effect. Practice Test 26 - 30

Sue's refrigerator is built into the wall of her kitchen, so that it exhausts heat to the outdoors rather than into the room. If Sue tries to cool her kitchen by leaving the refrigerator door open, the room temperature will A) increase at least slightly. B) decrease at least slightly. C) remain unchanged.

B) decrease at least slightly.

When a volume of air expands against the environment and no heat enters or leaves, the air temperature will A) increase. B) decrease. C) remain unchanged

B) decrease.

As a piece of metal with a hole in it cools, the diameter of the hole A) increases B) decreases C) remains the same

B) decreases

Consider a sample of ice at 0 degrees C. If the temperature is decreased, the volume of the ice A) increases B) decreases C) stays the same

B) decreases

Consider a sample of water at 0 degrees C. If the temperature is slightly increased, the volume of the water A) increases B) decreases C) remains the same

B) decreases

If a blob of air is swept upward, with no heat input or output, its temperature A) increases. B) decreases. C) remains the same

B) decreases.

When a system does work and no heat is added to the system, its temperature A) increases. B) decreases. C) remains unchanged.

B) decreases.

Repeatedly tap the side of a drinking glass with a spoon while filling it with water and you will notice that the pitch of the sound A) increases. B) decreases. C) remains relatively constant.

B) decreases. Practice test 19-21

Suppose a simple pendulum is suspended in an elevator. When the elevator is accelerating upward, the frequency of the pendulum A) increases. B) decreases. C) doesn't change.

B) decreases. Test 19-21

Some alpha particles fired through a gold foil bounce backward by A) making direct hits with gold atoms. B) electrostatic repulsion when close to gold nuclei. C) electrostatic repulsion with the electron clouds of gold atoms. D) none of these

B) electrostatic repulsion when close to gold nuclei. Homework Chapter 32

18) To turn ice at zero degrees Celsius to water at zero degrees Celsius, we must add A) temperature. B) energy. C) force. D) time. E) It can't be done - water is always warmer than that.

B) energy.

Object and image for a plane mirror lie A) along the same plane. B) equal distances from the mirror. C) at right angles to each other. D) all of these E) none of these

B) equal distances from the mirror. Homework Chapter 28

The output power of an ideal transformer is A) greater than the input power. B) equal to the input power. C) smaller than the input power.

B) equal to the input power. Homework Chapter 25 Practice Test 22-25

Compared to the huge force that attracts an iron tack to a strong magnet, the force that the tack exerts on the magnet is A) relatively small. B) equally huge. C) More information is needed.

B) equally huge. Practice test 22-25

Magnet A has twice the magnetic field strength of Magnet B and at a certain distance pulls on magnet B with a force of 100 N. The amount of force that magnet A exerts on magnet B is A) at or about 50 N. B) exactly 100 N. C) More information is needed.

B) exactly 100 N. Homework Chapter 24 Test 22-25

When water at 4 degrees C is heated it expands. When water at 4 degrees C is cooled, it A) contracts. B) expands. C) neither contracts nor expands.

B) expands.

Consider plane waves incident upon a barrier with a small opening. After passing through the opening, the waves A) continue as plane waves. B) fan out. C) converge. D) become polarized.

B) fan out. Homework Chapter 29 Test 26-30

Inhaling helium increases the pitch of your voice. One reason for this is that sound travels A) slower in helium than in air. B) faster in helium than in air. C) the same speed in helium, but the wavelength is greater.

B) faster in helium than in air. Test 19-21

The energy of a photon depends on its A) speed. B) frequency. C) amplitude. D) none of these

B) frequency. Homework Chapter 30 Test 26-30

A circuit breaker often serves the same purpose as a A) battery B) fuse. C) capacitor. D) All of the above choices are correct. E) None of the above choices are correct.

B) fuse. Test 22-25

Alternating current is normally produced by a A) battery. B) generator.

B) generator. Homework Chapter 23 Practice Test 22-25

10) For increased atmospheric pressure, the boiling temperature of a liquid A) goes down. B) goes up. C) remains at 100 degrees C.

B) goes up.

5) If you double the frequency of a vibrating object, its period A) doubles. B) halves. C) is quartered.

B) halves.

If you double the frequency of a vibrating object, its period A) doubles. B) halves. C) is quartered.

B) halves. Test 19-21

When the hydrogen isotope tritium-3 emits a beta particle, it becomes an isotope of A) hydrogen. B) helium. C) lithium. D) carbon. E) none of these

B) helium. Homework Chapter 33

Some molecules are able to absorb large amounts of energy in the form of internal vibrations and rotations. Materials composed of such molecules have A) low specific heats B) high specific heats C) none of the above

B) high specific heats

To perceive greater detail a dolphin emits sounds of A) lower frequency. B) higher frequency. C) greater intensity. D) greater speed. E) none of these

B) higher frequency. Practice Test 26 - 30

Compared to a giant iceberg, a hot cup of coffee has A) more internal energy and higher temperature. B) higher temperature, but less internal energy. C) a greater specific heat and more internal energy. D) none of these

B) higher temperature, but less internal energy.

Which of the following normally warms up fastest when heat is applied? A) water B) iron C) glass D) wood E) all of the above choices are equally true

B) iron

To say that electric charge is quantized is to say that the charge A) is a whole-number multiple of the charge of one electron. B) will interact with neighboring electric charges. C) can be neither created nor destroyed.

B) is a whole-number multiple of the charge of one electron. Homework Chapter 22 Practice Test 22-25

Things seen by moonlight usually aren't colored because moonlight A) doesn't have very many colors in it. B) is too dim to activate the retina's cones. C) photons don't have enough energy to activate the retina's cones. D) all of these E) none of these

B) is too dim to activate the retina's cones. Test 26 - 30

To say that an object is electrically polarized is to say A) it is electrically charged. B) its charges have been rearranged. C) its internal electric field is zero. D) it is only partially conducting. E) it is to some degree magnetic.

B) its charges have been rearranged. Practice test 22-25

Diffuse reflection occurs when the size of surface irregularities is A) small compared to the wavelength of the light used. B) large compared to the wavelength of the light used. C) microscopic.

B) large compared to the wavelength of the light used. Homework Chapter 28 Test 26-30

When an iron ring is heated, the hole becomes A) smaller B) larger C) neither smaller or larger D) either smaller or larger, depending on the ring thickness

B) larger

When we enlarge a photograph of an iron ring, the image of the hole becomes A) smaller B) larger C) neither smaller or larger

B) larger

On a very hot day the pendulum on a clock swings to and fro A) more frequently. B) less frequently. C) at the same rate.

B) less frequently.

Microscopic slush in water tends to make the water density A) greater. B) less. C) no change

B) less.

Compared to its average speed in air, the average speed of a beam of light in glass is A) more. B) less. C) the same.

B) less. Homework Chapter 26 Test 26-30

Waves diffract the most when their wavelength is A) short. B) long. C) Both diffract the same.

B) long. Test 26 - 30

Compared to ultraviolet waves, the wavelength of infrared waves is A) shorter. B) longer. C) the same.

B) longer. Practice Test 26 - 30

The spectral lines are more distinct when viewed in a mercury vapor lamp under A) high pressure. B) low pressure. C) same for each

B) low pressure. Homework Chapter 30

Power is transmitted at high voltages because the corresponding current in the wires is A) also high to deliver appreciable power to distant places. B) low so that overheating of the wires is minimized.

B) low so that overheating of the wires is minimized. Homework Chapter 25 Test 22-25

A substance that heats up relatively quickly has a A) high specific heat B) low specific heat C) high conductivity D) low conductivity

B) low specific heat

All other things being the same, strings having more mass than other strings will produce A) higher frequency notes. B) lower frequency notes. C) the same frequency notes.

B) lower frequency notes. Test 19-21

The moon would be at its fullest just before the time of a A) solar eclipse. B) lunar eclipse. C) both of these D) none of these

B) lunar eclipse. Test 26 - 30

Electromagnetic induction occurs in a coil when there is a change in A) electric field intensity in the coil. B) magnetic field intensity in the coil. C) voltage in the coil. D) the coil's polarity. E) electromagnetic polarity.

B) magnetic field intensity in the coil. Homework Chapter 25 Test 22-25

Light is emitted when an electron A) is boosted to a higher energy level. B) makes a transition to a lower energy level. C) neither of these

B) makes a transition to a lower energy level. Practice Test 26 - 30

Which of the following are conserved when a photon collides with an electron? A) momentum, energy, and velocity B) momentum and energy C) momentum and velocity D) energy and velocity E) None of the above choices are correct.

B) momentum and energy Homework Chapter 31

A lunar eclipse occurs when the A) sun passes into Earth's shadow. B) moon passes into Earth's shadow. C) Earth passes into the sun's shadow. D) Earth passes into the moon's shadow.

B) moon passes into Earth's shadow. Practice Test 26 - 30

A device that transforms electrical energy to mechanical energy is a A) generator. B) motor. C) transformer. D) magnet. E) none of these

B) motor. Test 22-25

36) As a supersonic craft increases in speed, the angle of its V-shaped shock wave becomes A) wider. B) narrower. C) neither

B) narrower.

As a supersonic aircraft increases speed, the angle of its shock wave becomes A) wider. B) narrower.

B) narrower. Homework 19 Practice Test 19-21

If you comb your hair and the comb becomes positively charged, then your hair becomes A) positively charged. B) negatively charged. C) uncharged.

B) negatively charged. Test 22-25

An inventor proposes to equip an office with a polarized source of background music and let those who prefer not to hear it wear polarizing earplugs. His idea is A) a good one - giving people a choice. B) nonsense - you can't polarize a sound wave.

B) nonsense - you can't polarize a sound wave. Homework Chapter 29 Test 26-30

During a single period, the distance traveled by a wave is A) one-half wavelength. B) one wavelength. C) two wavelengths.

B) one wavelength. Test 19-21

Electromagnetic waves consist of A) compressions and rarefactions of electromagnetic pulses. B) oscillating electric and magnetic fields. C) particles of light energy. D) high-frequency gravitational waves.

B) oscillating electric and magnetic fields. Homework Chapter 26 Practice Test 26-30

Electrons with the greater potential energies with respect to the atomic nucleus are A) inner electrons. B) outer electrons. C) both the same, actually

B) outer electrons. Test 26 - 30

Atoms of neon in a glass tube can be excited A) once per atom. B) over and over again.

B) over and over again. Test 26 - 30

A partial solar eclipse occurs for people in the sun's A) umbra. B) penumbra. C) none of these

B) penumbra Practice Test 26 - 30

Light will not pass through a pair of Polaroids when their axes are A) parallel. B) perpendicular. C) 45 degrees to each other. D) two of these E) all of these

B) perpendicular. Practice Test 26 - 30

A throbbing pulse of electromagnetic radiation is called a A) proton. B) photon. C) lightron. D) sparktron. E) notron.

B) photon. Practice Test 26 - 30

What is the physicist's term for the measure of the amount of disorder?

Entropy: natural dispersing or degrading of energy. ex.) Energy locked in chem bonds in wood degrades when wood burns. Total amount of entropy in a system tends to increase with time (while available energy for work decreases) *batteries go dead even w/o use

As temperature increases, solids and liquids

Expand

Two charged particles attract each other with a force F. If the charges of both particles are doubled, and the distance between them also doubled, then the force of attraction will be

When a single charge q is placed at one corner of a square, the electric field at the center of the square is F/q. If two other equal charges are placed at the adjacent corners of the square, the electric field at the center of the square due to these three equal charges is

F/q.

Which temperature scale has the smallest sized degrees?

Fahrenheit

As a system becomes more disordered, entropy decreases.

False

It is possible to wholly convert a given amount of heat energy into mechanical energy.

False

The lowest temperature possible in nature is 4 K

False

34) The metal detectors that people walk through at airports operate via A) Newton's laws B) Faraday's law C) civil law D) Ohm's law E) Coulomb's law

Faraday's law

The metal detectors that people walk through at airports operate via

Faraday's law

Underlying the concept of self-induction is

Faraday's law

Hot water evaporates

Faster

Convection occurs in _____ that are warmer at the bottom

Fluids

The F in FM radio stands for

Frequency

What happens to the period of a wave when the frequency decreases?

Frequency decreases the period increases.

How do frequency and period relate to each other?

Frequency is the reciprocal of the period (i.e. one over the period).

In which direction does heat flow spontaneously between hot and cold objects?

From high temperature to low temperature

An electron volt, , is a unit of energy. Which is larger, a GeV or a MeV ?

GeV

by whom, and in what setting, was the relationship between electricity and magnetism discovered?

Hans Christian Oersted in a high school classroom noted how a current affects a magnet, thus relating electricity and magnetism.

Energy that travels spontaneously from a warm object to a cold object

Heat

What three processes occur in every heat engine?

Heat flows into a system from a hot reservoir, work is done by the system, and heat flows out to a cold reservoir

Heat to melt 1 kg of a substance, heat given off by 1 kg of a substance when freezing

Heat of fusion

How does the second law of thermodynamics relate to the direction of heat flow?

Heat of itself never flows from a cold object to a hot object. In winter, heat flows from warm inner house to cold outer air. In summer, heat flows from hot exterior to cooler interior. Heat flow = from *hot* to *cold*

The moderate temperature of islands has much to do with the

High specific heat of water

Distinguish between high-quality energy and low-quality energy in terms of organized and disorganized energy. Give an example of each.

High-quality energy is organized. ex.) gasoline, turbulent water Low-quality energy is disorganized. ex.)dispersed thermal energy, water pooled after waterfall

How can the second law of thermodynamics be stated with regard to high-quality and lower-quality energy?

High-quality energy tends to transform into lower-quality energy. Order tends toward disorder. Quality of energy is lowered with each transformation, as energy degrades

Heat travels from an object with ______ temperature to an object with ______ temperature

High; low

Why do substances expand when their temperature is increased?

Higher-temperature substances have greater molecular motion.

Which statement is correct? A) Current is the primary cause of voltage. B) Voltage flows through an open or a closed circuit. C) Resistance flows through an open circuit. D) Charge flows in a closed circuit.

Homework Chapter 23 Practice Test 22-25

Frequency is...?

How many peaks pass a point in a given time ( usually a second).

broken into smaller pieces

Ice is put in a cooler to cool the contents. To speed up the cooling process, the ice can be

If you measure a plot of land with a steel tape on a cold day, your measurement of the plot will be

Larger than actual

Resonance occurs with forced vibration that requires the

Least amount of energy input

A sound wave is a

Longitudinal wave

The frequencies of sound that carry farther in air are

Low

The resistance you feel when pushing a piece if iron into a coil involves

Repulsion by the magnetic field you produce

Reports are that singer Caruso was able to shatter a crystal chandelier with his voice. This illustrates

Resonance

When tuning a radio to a particular station, you match the frequency of the internal electrical circuit with the frequency of the wanted radio station. What principle is being employed?

Resonance

What generally happens to the temperature of rising air? Of sinking air?

Rising air cools. Sinking air warms up. Decreasing and Increasing T

Natural processes go in the direction that maintains or increases the total entropy of the system

Second Law of Thermodynamics

Relatively speaking, do high-frequency waves have long wavelengths or short wavelengths? Name an electromagnetic wave with higher frequency than blue light.

Short, ultraviolet

If a pendulum is shortened, does its frequency increase or decrease? What about its period?

Shorter pendulum give a shorter period (i.e. less time for an oscillation) and therefore more cycles per second or a bigger frequency.

Discrete spectral lines occur when excitation takes place in a A) solid. B) liquid. C) gas. D) superconductor. E) all of these

Test 26 - 30

How would decreasing the percentage of greenhouse gases affect the amount of infrared radiation reflected by the atmosphere back toward Earth?

The amount of infrared radiation would decrease.

How would increasing the density of air in the atmosphere affect the amount of infrared radiation returned by the atmosphere back toward Earth?

The amount of infrared radiation would increase.

Water boils into gas phases at 373.15

The coldest possible temperature is 0.

20m.s

a ball player wishes to determine pitching speed by throwing a ball horizontally from an elevation of 5m above the ground. the player sees the ball land 20m down range. what is the players pitching speed?

14 m/s

a ball rolls off the edge of a horizontal roof at a velocity of 10m/s. one second later, the speed of the ball is about

either negatively or postively

a balloon will stick to a wooden wall if the ballon is charged

Why does the direction of coastal winds change from day to night?

The specific heat of water is greater than the specific heat of land. Water cools more slowly at night. The temperature difference drives convection and offshore winds.

Why is lightning seen before thunder is heard?

The speed of light is greater than the speed of sound.

27) Disconnect a small-voltage battery from a coil of many loops of wire and a large voltage is produced by A) electrons already in the wire B) the resistance of the battery to a change in polarity C) latent energy in the battery D) the sudden collapse in a magnetic field E) the electric field between the battery terminals

The sudden collapse in the magnetic field

repulsive interactions

a difference between electric forces and gravitational forces is that electrical forces include

10 DEGREES CELSIUS

a diver shines light up to the surface of a smooth pond at 10 degrees angle to the normal. some light passes into the air above and the part that reflects back into the water makes an angle to the normal of

20m/s

a floating leaf oscillates up and down two complete cycles in 1s a water wave passes by. the waves wavelength is 10m. what is the waves speed?

electromagnet

a magnet whose field is produced by an electric current. it is usually in the form of a wire coil with a piece of iron inside the coil.

of solids liquids and gases which can sound travel through

all of them except a vaccum

47) When there is a change in the magnetic field in a closed loop of view A) electromagnetic induction occurs B) current is created in the loop of wire C) a voltage is induced in the wire D) all of these E) none of these

all of these

Substances absorbs heat energy by the process of

all of these: conduction convection radiation

Which of these are good insulators?

all the above

When water at 4°C is heated it expands. If it is instead cooled it will

also expand.

When voltage is induced in a coil of wire, current is

also induced

generator

alternating current is normally produced by a

heat exchange

an adiabatic process is characterized by the absence of

beneath the plane

an airplane flies at 40m.s at an altidutde of 50 m. the pilot drops a heavy package which falls and strikes the ground. where approximately does the package land>

35) Rapid change of a magnetic field induces A) a magnetic field of the same magnitude B) a magnetic field of greater magnitude C) an electric field

an electric field

Rapid change of a magnetic field induces

an electric field

19) Moving electric charges will interact with A) only an electric field B) an electric field or a magnetic field C) only a magnetic field D) none of these

an electric field or a magnetic field

Moving electric charges will interact with

an electric field or a magnetic field.

31) An electric motor is very similar to A) an electric generator B) a radio receiver C) an automobile battery D) None of the above choices are correct

an electric generator

An electric motor is very similar to

an electric generator

an electron is pushed into an electric field where it aquires a 1-V electrical potential. if two electrons are pushed the same distance into the same electric field,the electric potential of the two electrons is

can an electron at rest in a stationary magnetic field be set into motion by the magnetic field? what about the electron placed at rest in an electric field?

an electron must be moving across magnetic field lines in order to feel a magnetic force. so an electron at rest in a stationary magnetic field will feel no force to set it in motion. in an electric field, however, an electron can be accelerated whether or not it is already moving.

If you were caught in freezing weather with only a candle for heat, you would be warmer in

an igloo.

A generator armature is more difficult to rotate when supplying electric current due to

an induced magnetic field in the windings that resists change

the net spins of its electrons are in the same direction

an iron rod becomes magnetic when

higher than its surroundings

an object will normally be a net radiator of energy when its temperature Is

increases

as a blob of air at a high elevation sinks t a lower elevation with no heat input or output, its temperature

increases

as a system becomes more disordered, entropy

decreases

as more lamps are put into a series of circuit , the overall current in the power source

Pour a liter of water at 40°C into a liter of water at 20°C and the final temperature of the two becomes

at or about 30°C.

8) If a steady magnetic field exerts a force on a moving charge, that force is directed A) opposite the direction of the field B) at right angles to the direction of the field C) in the direction of the field

at right angles to the direction of the field

9) If a steady magnetic field exerts a force on a moving charge, that force is directed A) at right angles to the direction of the motion B) opposite the motion C) in the direction of the motion

at right angles to the direction of the motion

If a steady magnetic field exerts a force on a moving charge, that force is directed

at right angles to the direction of the motion

If a steady magnetic field exerts a force on a moving charge, that force is directed

at right angles to the direction of the motion.

very light molecules

at the same temperature which move with the greater speed in the air

6) Like kinds of magnetic poles repel while unlike magnetic poles A) repel also B) may attract or repel C) attract

attract

An electron and a proton

attract each other.

if you place a chunk of iron near the north pole of a magnet, attraction will occur. why will attraction also occur if you place the same iron near the south pole of the magnet?

attraction will occur because the magnet induces opposite polarity i a nearby piece of iron. north will induce south and south will induce north. this is similar to charge induction, where a balloon will stick to a wall whether the balloon is negative or positive.

A circuit breaker often serves the same purpose as a a) battery b) fuse c) capacitor d) all of the above e) none of the above

A difference between electric forces and gravitational forces is that gravitational forces are not affected by a)separation distance b) repulsive interaction c) the inverse-square law d) infinite range e) none of the above

A power line with a resistance of 2 ohms has a current of 80 A in it. The power dissipated in the line is a) 160 W b) 12,800 W c) 40 W d) 320 W e) none of these

Charge carriers in a metal are electrons rather than protons because electrons are a) smaller b) loosely bound c) negative d) all of these e) none of these

Compared to a single lamp connected to a battery, two identical lamps connected in series to the same battery will carry a) more current b) less current c) the same current

How does the resistance of a thick piece of copper wire compare to the resistance of a thin piece of copper wire? a) the resistance of the thick piece is greater than that of the thin piece b) the resistance of the thin piece is greater than that of the thick piece c) both the wire and narrow piece of copper provide the same resistance

In an electrically neutral atom the number of protons in the nucleus is equal to the number of a) neutrons in the nucleus b) electrons that surround the nucleus c) choices A and B are both correct d) choices A and B are both incorrect

when the handle of a tuning fork is held solidly against a table the sound becomes louder. What happens to the duration of the time that the fork vibrates

becomes shorter

4 degrees C

before ice can form on a lake all the water in the lake must be cooled to

Magnetic force

between magnets, it is the attraction of unlike magnetic poles for each other and the repulsion between like magnetic poles. Between a magnetic field and a moving charged particle, it is a deflecting force due to the motion of the particle: the deflecting force is perpendicular to the velocity of the particle and perpendicular to the magnetic field lines. this force is greatest when the charged particle moves perpendicular to the field lines and is smallest (zero) when it moves parallel to the field lines.

The high voltage that is important in a power line is high voltage

between the parallel wires of a line

Cold water will warm to room temperature faster in a...

black pot

A liter of cold water will warm faster in sunlight in a

black pot.

A liter of hot water will cool to room temperature faster in a

black pot.

Cold water will warm to room temperature faster in a

black pot.

cooler

blow on your hand with your open mouth and you feel the warmth of your breath pucker you lips so your breath expands as you blow and your breath is

cooler

blow on your hand with your open mouth and you feel the warmth of your breath. Pucker your lips so your breath expands as you blow and your breath is

Red light has a longer wavelength than blue light. Which type of light has a higher frequency? (The speed of light is independent of wavelength.

blue light

Which body glows with electromagnetic waves?

both the Suns and the Earth

Which body glows with electromagnetic waves?

both the sun and the earth

A Van de Graaff generator is a machine that does what?

builds up high voltages

A parcel of warmed air rises due to

buoyancy

Electric charge can be transferred from one conducting body to another _______.

by both contact and closeness

Because of trapped air inside, snow is a

both a good insulator and a poor conductor.

45) Thrust a magnet into a coil of wire and the coil A) has a current in it B) becomes an electromagnet C) both of these D) neither of these

both of these

Heat energy is measured in units of

both of these

Newtons law of cooling applies to objects that are

both of these: cooling and heating

A 100-Watt lamp glows brighter than a 25-Watt lamp. The electrical resistance of the 100-Watt lamp must be a) greater b) the same c) less

A 60-W light bulb and a 100-W light bulb are connected in series to a 120 V outlet. Which light bulb has more current in it? a) the 100-W bulb b) the 60-W bulb c) both have the same current

A balloon will stick to a wooden wall if the balloon is charged a) positively b) negatively c) either positively or negatively d) none of the above

A heater uses 20 A when used in a 110-V line. If electric power costs 10 cents per kilowatt hour, the cost of running the heater for 10 hours is a) $0.22 b) $5.50 c) $2.20 d) $0.55 e) none of these

Heat a copper wire and its electric resistance a) remains unchanged b) decreases c) increases

The headlights, radio, and defroster fan in an automobile are connected in a) parallel without separate switches b) series without separate switches c) parallel with a switch for each d) series with a switch for each

The primary purpose of a lightning rod is to a) cancel the electric field within the structure to which it is attached b) attract lightning and guide it to the ground c) discharge the structure to which it is attached d) induce a charge opposite to that of charged clouds overhead

There are electrons in the filament of the ac lamp in your bedroom. When you turn on the lamp and it glows, the glowing comes from a) different electrons; the ones that flow in the circuit to your lamp b) the positive charges that flow in the filament c) the same electrons

Two charged particles repel each other with a force F. If the charge of one of the particles is doubled and the distance between them is also doubled, then the force will be a) F b) F/4 c) F/2 d) 2 F e) none of these

Two lamps, one with a thick filament and one with a thin filament of the same material, are connected in parallel to a battery. The current is a) larger in the lamp with the thin filament b) the same in both lamps c) larger in the lamp with thick filament

Two lamps, one with a thick filament and one with a thin filament, are connected in parallel to a battery. The voltage is a) greatest across the lamp with the thick filament b) greatest across the lamp with the thin filament c) the same in both lamps

What is the current in a bulb if the resistance of its filament is 2 ohms and it is connected across a 6-volt battery? a) 12 amps b) 0.33 amps c) 3 amps

What is the relationship between current, resistance, and voltage difference? a) current= resistance/ voltage difference b) current= voltage difference * resistance c) current= voltage difference/ resistance

What kind of current runs through the electric wiring in a home? a) circular current b) direct current c) alternating current

In an electrically neutral atom the number of protons in the nucleus is equal to the number of

electrons that surround the nucleus.

Terrestrial radiation is

emitted by Earth.

When we speak about heat we refer to

energy in transit

You can touch a 100,000-volt Van de Graaff generator with little harm because although the voltage is high, the relatively small amount of charge means there is a relatively small amount of

energy.

28) The output power of an ideal transformer is A) smaller than the input power B) equal to the input power C) greater than the input power D) may be any of these

equal to the input power

The output power of an ideal transformer is

equal to the input power

The electric field outside a Van de Graaff generator may be enormous, while inside the spherical dome, the electric field is what?

equal to zero

12) Compared to the huge force that attracts an iron tack to a strong magnet, the force that the tack exerts on the magnet is A) relatively small B) equally huge C) More information is needed

equally huge

2) Magnet A has twice the magnetic field strength of Magnet B and at a certain distance pulls on magnet B with a force of 100 N. The amount of force that magnet A exerts on magnet B is A) at or about 50 N B) exactly 100 N C) more information is needed

exactly 100 N

When most substances are heated, molecules inside move faster and take up more space, resulting in thermal

expansion

283 degrees C

consider a piece of metal that is a t 5 degrees C. If it heated until has twice the thermal energy its temperature will be

If air were a better conductor than it is, at nighttime the Earth would be...

considerably colder

If air were a better conductor that it is, at night time the earth would be

considerably colder

If air were a better conductor than it is, at nighttime the Earth would be

considerably colder.

A highly-charged party balloon is not dangerous when it _______.

contains little overall energy

If a volume of air is warmed, it expands and tends to

cool

Newton's law of cooling applies to objects that undergo _______.

cooling or warming

Newton's law of cooling applies to objects that undergo _________.

cooling or warming

Newton's law of cooling applies to objects that undergo..

cooling or warming

If a volume of air is warmed, it expands. If a volume of air expands, it

cools

Aluminum has a specific heat capacity more than twice that of copper. Place equal masses of aluminum and copper wire in a flame and the one to undergo the fastest increase in temperature will be

copper

When a bimetallic bar made of copper and iron strips is heated, the bar bends toward the iron strip. The reason for this is

copper expands more than iron.

The SI unit of charge is the what?

coulomb

Explain a general rule for estimating the distance in kilometers between an observer and a lightning bolt

counting the seconds between the lightning and thunder then divide by 3

an ampere is a unit of electrical?

current

An ampere is a unit of electrical

current.

in preparation for an MRI scan, why are patients advised to remove eyeglasses, watches, jewelry, and other metal objects?

currents are induced in metals by the changing magnetic field of the MRI device.

A negatively charged rod is held near a metal can that rests on a dry wood table. If you touch the opposite side of the can momentarily with your finger, the can is then a) completely discharged b) partially discharged c) discharged only on the side touched d) positively charged e) negatively charged

How far, in terms of wavelength, does a wave travel in one period?

distance=1\period/wavelength/period=wavelength

Suppose you touch a negatively charged object to a metal sphere so that electrons move from the charged object onto the sphere. After the charged object is moved far away, electrons on the sphere will be what?

distributed evenly over the sphere's surface

Thrust a magnet into the opening of a rubber band and it

do nothing

how can a magnet attract a piece of iron that is not magnetized

domains in the unmagnetized piece of iron are induced into alignment by the magnetic field of the nearby magnet.

water expands when freezing

during a very cold winter, water pipes sometimes burst. the reason for this is

no heat is supplied to or removed from the gas

during an adiabatic compression of an ideal gas

A 4-ohm resistor is connected in parallel with a 6-ohm resistor. This combination produces an equivalent resistance of a) 10 ohms b) 4 ohms c) 5.5 ohms d) 5 ohms e) 2.4 ohms

A conductor differs from an insulator in that a conductor a) has more electrons than protons b) has more protons than electrons c) has more energy than an insulator d) has faster moving molecules e) none of these

An electric heater is rated at 300 W when used in a 110-V circuit. The safety fuse in the circuit can handle 15 A of current. How many heaters can be safely operated in the circuit? a) 4 b) more than 5 c) 3 d) 2 e) 5

To say that an object is electrically polarized is to say a) it is electrically charged b) it is only partially conducting c) it is to some degree magnetic d) its internal electric field is zero e) its charges have been rearranged

Two charges separated by one meter exert 1-N forces on each other. If the charges are pulled to 3-m separation distance, the force on each charge will be a) 0 N b) 3 N c) 0.33 N d) 9 N e) 0.11 N

a hindrance

for viewing tiny objects in a microscope diffraction is

If you walk into a region of space and suddenly feel a force, the space is said to contain a what?

force field

in what direction relative to magnetic field does a charged particle move in order to experience maximum deflecting force? minimum deflecting force?

force is maximum when motion is perpendicular to the field; minimum when parallel to the field

When your foot stands on a tile floor, thermal energy always flows...

from either your foot or the tile depending on the temperature of the tile

When your foot stands on a tile floor, thermal energy always flows _______.

from either your foot or the tile depending on the temperature of the tile.

When you touch a hot potato with your finger, energy flows

from the potato to your finger.

When you touch a cold piece of ice with your finger, energy flows

from your finger to the ice.

when you pull a package of frozen french fries from the freezer, energy flows

from your fingers to the package of fries (hot to cold)

A circuit breaker often serves the same purpose as a?

fuse

The relation ƒ ~ T tells us that high-temperature sources emit electromagnetic waves of _______.

high frequency

The relation ƒ ~ T tells us that high-temperature sources emit electromagnetic waves of...

high frequency

the moderate temperature of islands throughout the world has much to with what

high specifc heat

A substance that heats up relatively slowly has a

high specific heat capacity.

The moderate temperatures of islands throughout the world has much to do with water's

high specific heat capacity.

Materials composed of molecules that absorb large amounts of energy in the form of internal vibrations and rotations have

high specific heats.

cosmic rays

high speed particles that travel throughout the universe

An apple pie will be a net emitter of energy when its temperature is

higher than its surroundings.

hardly at all

if a compass is moved from the norther hemisphere to the souther hempsihere its magnetic needle will change direction

less than its surroundings

if a poor absorber of radiation were a good emitter its temperature would be

frequency of 1000 HZ

if an electron vibrates up and down 1000 times each second, it generates an electromagnetic wave having a

The reason a charged balloon will stick to a wall is what?

induced opposite charges in the wall are closer than other wall charges

When a charged cloud passes overhead, the ground below is charged by what?

induction

apparent weight for you

inside a freely falling elevator there would be no

why is the magnetic field strength greater inside a current carying loop of wire than about a straight section of wire?

inside the loop the lines are more concentrated

the phenomenon of beats results from what type of interaction

interference

If a solid object radiates more energy than it absorbs, its

internal energy decreases

22) Magnetic domains normally occur in A) copper B) silver C) iron D) all of these E) none of these

iron

Aluminum has a higher specific heat capacity than iron. This means that for equal masses of aluminum and iron, the metal that heats more quickly when the same amount of heat is applied is

iron

why is iron magnetic and wood is not?

iron has magnetic domains, wood does not

Your feet feel warmer on a rug than on a tile floor because a rug..

is a better insulator than tile

Your feet feel warmer on a rug than on a tile floor because a rug

is a better insulator than tile.

On a cold day your feet feel warmer on a rug than on a tile floor because a rug

is a poorer conductor.

To say that electric charge is quantized is to say that the charge on an object

is a whole-number multiple of the charge of one electron.

both ( wave and particle)

is light a wave or particle?

Power is transmitted at high voltages because the corresponding current in the wires

is low so that overheating of the wires is minimized

when an object is forced to vibrate at its natural frequency what happens to its vibration amphlitude

it increases

To say that an object is electrically polarized is to say

its charges have been rearranged.

What unit is represented by watt second?

joule

in the metric system, heat energy is measured in units of

joules

The lower the temperature of an object, the

lower the frequency of radiation it emits. longer the wavelengths it radiates.

1) Which force field can accelerate an electron, but never change its speed? a) magnetic field b) electric field c) both of these d) none of these

magnetic field

Electromagnetic induction occurs in a coil when there is a change in

magnetic field in the coil

43) Electromagnetic induction occurs in a coil when there is a change in A) voltage in the coil B) electric field intensity in the coil C) electromagnetic polarity D) magnetic field intensity in the coil E) the coil's polarity

magnetic field intensity in the coil

in what way are magnetic poles very different from electric charges?

magnetic poles cannot be isolated; electric charges can

The singer Caruso is said to have made a crystal chandelier shatter with his voice. How could he do this?

matching natural frequency and causing resonance

what produces sound waves

mechanical vibration

What happens to the internal energy of a system when mechanical work is done on it? What happens to its temperature?

mechanical work done on a system: internal energy increases temperature increases

less dense

microscopic slush in water tends to the make the water

more than 8 km/s

minimial orbit speed about earth is about 8km/s. minimal orbital speed about Jupiter would be

Electromagnetic induction is employed in

mobile phones. hybrid automobiles. electric power lines. triggering traffic lights

To turn 50 grams of boiling water to steam requires

more calories than are required to bring 50 grams of ice at absolute zero to the boiling point.

Connect a pair of lamps and series in the draw current from the connected battery. Connect the same lamps in parallel and you draw?

more current

higher temperatures

more efficient gasoline engines could be built if they could withstand

When coal dust is spread on snow on a sunny day

more melting occurs.

Pour two liters of water at 40°C into one liter of water at 20°C and the final temperature of the two becomes

more than 30°C.

when to lamps are connected in series to a battery, the electrical resistance that the battery?

more than the resistance of either lamp

25) A device that transforms electrical energy to mechanical energy A) magnet B) motor C) generator D) transformer E) none of these

motor

A device that transforms electrical energy to mechanical energy is a

motor

An electroscope is charged positively, as shown by foil leaves that stand apart. As a negatively charged rod is brought close to the electroscope, the leaves do what?

move closer together

Voltage can be induced in a wire by

moving a magnet near a wire, moving the wire near a magnet, changing the current in a nearby wire

An astronomer notices that radiation emitted by a star is slightly redshifted (the wavelength is longer). This means that the star _________.

moving away from earth

21) The source of all magnetism is A) moving electric charge B) ferromagnetic materials C) tiny domains of aligned atoms D) tiny pieces of iron E) none of these

moving electric charge

The source of all magnetism is

moving electric charge

what is the source of magnetic force?

moving electrons

when an object is disturbed slightly and then left alone, at what frequency will it vibrate

natural frequency

what is resonance

natural frequency of a forced vibration of an object matched natural frequency of another object , a dramatic increase in amphlitude occurs

The charge of an electron is what?

negative

If you comb your hair and the comb becomes positively charged, your hair becomes what?

negatively charged

If you comb your hair and the comb becomes positively charged, then your hair becomes

negatively charged.

Rub electrons from your hair with a comb and the comb becomes

negatively charged.

If iron were used as nuclear fuel, it would be best A) fused. B) fissioned. C) neither fused nor fissioned.

neither fused nor fissioned. Homework Chapter 34

An object will normally be a net radiator of energy when its internal energy is

neither of these

A step=up transformer increases

neither power nor energy

44) A step-up transformer increases A) power B) energy C) both power and energy D) neither power or energy

neither power or energy

To say that electric charge is conserved means that no case has ever been found where the

net charge has been created or destroyed

To say that electric charge is conserved means that no case has ever been found where the

net charge has been created or destroyed.

both A and B

newtons law of cooling applies to objects that are

what law of physics tells you that if a current carrying wire produces a force on a magnet, then a magnet must produce a force on a current carrying wire?

newtons third law, which applies to ALL forces in nature

In order for sound from a speaker to reach a listener does air from the speaker have to move to the listener

no, it doesnt

Will a tuning fork of frequency 300 Hz resonante if a sound wave incident on it has a frequency of 150 Hz? how about a sound wave of frequency 300HZ

no,yes

A conductor differs from an insulator in that a conductor

none of these

Suppose you put a closed, sealed can of air on a hot stove burner. The contained air will undergo an increase in

none of these

The first law of thermodynamics is a restatement of the principle of entropy.

none of these

both( charge and energy)

normally a balloon charged to several thousand volts has a relatively small amount of

14) An iron nail is more strongly attracted to the A) south pole of a magnet B) north or south pole - no difference really C) north pole of a magnet

north or south pole - no difference really

16) Several paper clips dangle from the north pole of a magnet. The induced pole in the bottom of the lowermost paper clip is a A) north or south pole - no difference really. B) north pole. C) south pole.

north pole

13) Outside a magnet, magnetic field lines are conventionally drawn A) south to north B) north to south C) either way

north to south

Outside a magnet, magnetic field lines are conventionally drawn from

north to south

A wire carrying a current is normally charged?

not at all

An efficient step-down transformer decreases

not power and not energy neither of these

A turbogenerator produces

not power and not energy, but transforms energy from one form to another/ transforms them does not creat them

High-voltage wires in power lines are not high-current wires because the current in them is

not the same as the current that powers the distant load. proportional to the voltage drop from beginning to end of each line, rather low

40 J

on hundred joules of heat is added to a system that performs 60 joules of work. The internal energy change of the system is

4) Which force field can increase a moving electron's speed? A) only an electric field B) either an electric field or a magnetic field C) only a magnetic field D) none of these

only an electric field

33) If the primary of a transformer were connected to a dc power source, the transformer would have a voltage output A) at a higher efficiency than with an ac B) the same C) only while being connected or disconnected D) that is also dc E) none of these

only while being connected or disconnected

If the primary of a transformer were connected to a DC power source, the transformer would have a voltage output

only while being connected or disconnected

If the primary of a transformer is connected to a dc power source, the transformer would have a voltage output

only while being connected or disconnected dc stands for connected and disconnected

like poles repel each other

opposite poles attract

The induced electric and magnetic fields of Maxwell are

perpendicular to each other

A Thermos bottle has double glass walls with silver coating on the glass surfaces that face one another. The silver coating reduces the energy that is transferred by

radiation

The planet Earth loses heat mainly by...

radiation

The planet Earth loses heat primarily by

radiation

The planet earth loses heat mainly by

radiation

A Thermos bottle has double glass walls with silver coating on the glass surfaces that face each other. The silver coating reduces energy transfer by

radiation.

Heat travels from the Sun to the Earth by the process of _______.

radiation.

The planet Earth loses heat mainly by

radiation.

Wrapping a hot potato in aluminum foil significantly reduces the rate at which it loses energy by

radiation.

an electric field

rapid changes of a magnetic field induces

in a sound wave what is the name of the region between compressed air regions

rarefactions

describe the nature of sound waves in air

rarefactions and compressions:travel from one place to another

Which will undergo the greater rate of cooling - a red-hot poker in a warm oven or a red-hot poker in a cold room (or do both cool at the same rate)?

red-hot poker in a cold room

A transistor is an example of a

semiconductor.

in an electrical circuit, the safety fuse is connected to the circuit in?

series

n an electric circuit, the safety fuse is connected to the circuit in

series

on some early automobiles both headlights went out when one bulb burned out. The headlights must have been connected in?

series

On some early automobiles both headlights went out when one bulb burned out. The headlights must have been connected in

series.

Relatively speaking, do high-frequency waves have long wavelengths or short wavelengths?

short wavelengths

If the specific heat capacity of water were lower than it is, a nice hot bath would be a

shorter experience.

The higher the temperature of an object, the

shorter the wavelengths it radiates.

in a mass spec, ions are directed into a magnetic field where they curve and strike a detector. if a variety of singly ionized atoms travel at the same speed through the magnetic field, would you expect them to all be deflected by the same amount or would diff ions be bent different amounts? defend your answer

singly charged ions traveling with the same speed thru the same magnetic field experience the same magnetic force. the extent of their deflections then depends on their accelerations which in turn depend on their respective masses. the least massive ions are deflected the most, and the most massive ions are deflected the least.

compared to the speed of light does sound travel faster or slower

slower

In practice, a good insulator

slows heat flow.

The specific heat capacity is highest for substances that absorb or release large quantities of heat for correspondingly

small temperature changes.

a capacitor is useful in?

smoothing pulsed current

amplitude

some of a waves energy dissipates as heat. in time this will reduce the waves

warm

sound travels faster in air if the air is

true

sound waves can interfere with one another so that no sound results

at the beach, the difference in water and sands ____ cause the sand to get so hot n a sunny day while the water is relatively cool?

specific heat

A substance with a high thermal inertia has a high

specific heat capacity.

How about the speed of sound in the air between you and the locomotive?

stays the same

which of water air of steel would transmit sound the best

steel

To be safe in the unlikely case of a lightning strike, it is best to be inside a building framed with what?

steel so that the charge can be dissipated around the outside and into the ground

Between the consumer and the power plant, most importantly, are

step down transformers

positive ion

strip electrons from an atom and the atom becomes a

It is commonly thought that a can of beverage will cool faster in the coldest part of a refrigerator. Knowledge of Newton's law of cooling...

supports this common knowledge

It is commonly thought that a can of beverage will cool faster in the coldest part of a refrigerator. Knowledge of Newton's law of cooling

supports this common knowledge.

increases

suppose the temperature of the input reservoir in a heat engine doesn't change. As the sink temperature is lowered, the efficiency of the engine

internal energy, temperature and pressure

suppose you put a closed, sealed can of air on a hot stove burner. The contained air will undergo an increase in

increase

suppose you rapidly stir some raw eggs with an eggbeater. The temperature of the eggs will

increase

suppose you rapidly stir some raw eggs with an eggbeater. the temperature of the eggs will

both a and b ( magnetic field and electiric field)

surrounding every moving electron is

more entropy

systems that are left alone, tend to move toward a state of

perpendicular to the surface of the earth

tangential velocity is velocity

Heat energy travels from an object with a high

temperature to an object with a lower temperature.

Two blocks, one with a mass of 10 kg and another with a mass of 5 kg, are hanging on identical springs. If both blocks are displaced and released, which one will oscillate with a higher frequency?

the 5 kg block

all of the above light waves sound waves water waves

the Doppler effect is characteristic of

both A and B ( toward you, away from you)

the Doppler effect occurs when a source of sound moves

The secondary of a transformer is the coil connected to

the load

-273 degrees C

the lowest temperature possible in nature is

-73 degrees Celsius

the lowest temperature possible in nature is

we learned that the direction of the electric field about a point charge is radial to the charge. what is the direction of the magnetic field surrounding a current carrying wire?

the m agnetic field takes the form of concentric circles about the current carrying wire.

by what mechanism do the iron filings shown about the magnet align with the magnetic field?

the mechanism of alignment involves two factors: first each filing is turned into a tiny magnet by the magnetic field of the bar magnet, which induces domain alignment in the filing. second, a pair of equal and opposite torques act on each filing whenever it is not parallel to the magnetic field lines. these torques rotate the filings into alignment with the field lines like little compass needles.

the speed of sound waves depend on what?

the mediums elasticicty

faradays law

the metal detectors that people walk through at airports operate via

what produces a magnetic field?

the motion of electric charges produces a magnetic field

what is the net magnetic force on a compass needle? by what mechanism does a compass needle align with a magnetic field?

the net force on a compass needle is zero b/c its north and south poles are pulled in opposite directions with equal forces in the earths magnetic field. when the needle is not aligned with the magnetic field of the earth then a pair of torques is produced. this pair of equal strength torques is called a "couple", rotates the needle into alignment with the earths magnetic field.

7) An iron rod becomes magnetic when A) its atoms are aligned having plus charges on one side and negative charges on the other B) positive ions accumulate at one end and negative ions at the other end C) the net spins of its electrons are in the same direction D) its electrons stop moving and point in the same direction E) none of these

the net spins of its electrons are in the same direction

An iron rod becomes magnetized when

the net spins of its electrons are in the same direction

Waves emitted by the Sun and terrestrial wave emissions are

the same except for their frequencies and wavelengths.

The higher the temperature of an object...

the shorter the wavelengths it radiates

The higher the temperature of an object

the shorter the wavelengths it radiates.

vibrating charges

the source of all electromagnetic waves is

Disconnect a small-voltage battery from a coil of many loops of wire and a large voltage may be produced by

the sudden collapse in the magnetic field

internal energy

the total of all substances inside a substance

diverging lens

the type of lens that spreads parallel light is

a loudspeaker consists of a cone attached to a current carrying coil located in a magnetic field. what is the relationship between vibrations in the current and vibrations of the cone?

the vibrations in both the coil and the speaker cone have identical freq at any instant

along the direction of wave travel

the vibrations of a longitudtal wave move In a direction

impossible regardless of the technique used

to wholly convert a given amount of heat energy into mechanical energy is

what is a galvanometer called when it has been calibrated to read current? when it has been calibrated to read voltage?

when calibrated for current, a galvanometer is an ammeter; when calibrated for voltage, a voltmeter

both temperature and internal energy

when mechanical work is done on a system, there can be an increase in

quadruples

when the distance between two charges is halved the electrical force between the charges

increases to four times as much

when the distance between two stars decreases by half the force between them

when does resonance occur?

when the frequency of a forced vibration of an object matches the objects natural frequency

expands

when water at 4 degress C is heated it expands. when water at 4 degrees Celsius is cooled it

electron kinetic energy is changed into heat

when we say an appliance uses up electricity we really are saying that

resonance

when you tune a radio to a certain station, you match frequency of the internal electrical circuit to the frequency of that radio station. is so doing, you are employing the principle of

true

whenever heat is added to a system, it transforms to an equal amount of some other form of energy (T or F)

north pole

which pole of a compass needle points to a south pole magnet

very high compressions already

why do diesel engines have no use for spark plugs

In the field induction credited to Maxwell, wires

wires are not needed

all of the above

without air resistance a projectile fired horizontally at 8 km.s from atop a mountain will

If work is done on a system, does the internal energy of the system increase or decrease? If work is done by a system, does the internal energy of the system increase or decrease?

work *on* system: internal energy increase. Bike pump use warms up. work *by* system: internal energy decreases. Open tire escaping air cools down valve.

When an electron is brought near a negatively charged sphere, its potential energy increases. The reason this happens is why?

work was done to bring the charges together

if the sounding board were left out of a music box how would the sound be different

would be barely audible

xenon has atomic number 54 and krypton has atomic number 36. Given both gases are the same temperature in which medium does sound travel slowest

xenon

do most objects have a natural frequency

yes

is it correct to say that an electric motor extends the physics that underlies a galvanometer?

yes. a motor is a sphopisticaed galvanometer.

Does every magnet necessarily have a north and a south pole?

yes. poles always occur in pairs

A liter of hot water will cool to room temperature faster in a

black pot

A liter of hot water will cool to room temperature faster in a...

black pot

Room temperature on the Kelvin scale is about

300 K.

What is an antinode?

The location where the string moves the most.

energy

To melt ice, add

release energy

When moth balls sublime to gas they

Measure of the average kinetic energy of the molecules in a substance

Temperature

What happens to the wavelength of a wave when the frequency decreases?

(If the speed is constant) the wavelength increases as the frequency decreases.

If you have a pure glass of ice water, consisting of ice cubes floating in water, its temperature would be

0 degrees Celsius

Two charges separated by one meter exert 1-N forces on each other. If the charges are pulled to 3-m separation distance, the force on each charge will be

0.11 N

Two charges separated by one meter exert 1-N forces on each other. If the charges are pulled to 3-m separation distance, the force on each charge will be...

0.11 N.

when a 60 W lightbulb is connected to 120 V source the current in the lightbulb is?

0.5 a

1 . The source of all magnetism is a. tiny pieces of iron. . b. tiny domains of aligned atoms. c. ferromagnetic materials. d. moving electric charge. e. none of these

The amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 g of water by 1°C is ___________.

1 calorie

What is the period of a pendulum that takes one second to make a complete back and forth vibration?

1 cycle per second

Neon signs require about 12,000 volts to operate. If the circuit uses a 120-volt power source, the ratio of primary to secondary turns on the transformer should be

1 primary to 100 secondary

a voltage is induced in the wire. a current is created in the loop of wire. electromagnetic induction occurs.

1) When there is a change in the magnetic field in a closed loop of wire

100. Suppose you had a generator that produced an induced voltage of 120 volts. Now suppose that the internal resistance due to the coil was 10 Ω and the circuit connected had a total resistance of 20 Ω, what would an ammeter read in the circuit? a. 60 amps b. 40 amps c. 4 volts d. 12 amps e. 4 amps

compared to the threshold of hearing a sound level of 30 decibels is how much more intense

1000 times

Assume that 10 J of work is needed to push a charge, at rest, into an electric field. After the charge is released there, it flies back to its starting position and its kinetic energy there will be...

10 J.

If you use 10 J of work to push a coulomb of charge into an electric field, its voltage with respect to its starting position is

10 V

motor.

10) A device that transforms electrical energy to mechanical energy is a

10. Magnetic field lines about a current-carrying wire a. extend radially from the wire. b. circle the wire in closed loops. c. both of these d. neither of these

30) A step-up transformer has a ratio of one to ten. Neglecting slight losses, if 100 W power go into the primary coil, the power coming from the secondary coil is A) 10 W B) 1000 W C) 100 W D) 1 W E) none of these

100 W

Celsius boiling point

100 degrees Celsius

Faraday's law.

23) The metal detectors that people walk through at airports operate via

A food calorie is a

Kilocalorie

Discuss the first and second laws of thermodynamics in terms of whether or not exceptions occur.

1st law has no exceptions. 2nd law exceptions are possible but improbable. Law nutshell: "You can't win" (can't get more output than input) "You can't break even" (can't get as much output as input) "You can't get out of the game" (entropy forever increases)

explain how sound waves can interfere with one another so no sound results

2 identical waves are out of phase

When a pair of 1-ohm resistors are connected in series, their combined resistance is

2 ohms, and when in parallel, 1/2 ohm.

A 5-kg mass is attached to a spring and is oscillating with a period of 2 seconds and an amplitude of 5 cm. If the amplitude is made to be 10 cm, the period of oscillation will be _____.

2 seconds

2. Moving electric charges will interact with a. an electric field. b. a magnetic field. c. both of these d. none of these

A 4-ohm resistor is connected in parallel with a 6-ohm resistor. This combination produces an equivalent resistance of

2.4 ohms

The approximate range of human hearing is

20 hertz to 20,000 hertz

low so that overheating of the wires is minimized.

20) Power is transmitted at high voltages because the corresponding current in the wires is

20. Which force field can increase a moving electron's speed? a. electric field b. magnetic field c. both of these d. none of these

21 . Which force field can accelerate an electron, but never change its speed? a. electric field. b. magnetic field. c. both of these d. none of these

true

21) Electric power can be transmitted from one place to another without the need for connecting wires in between. This statement is (t or f)

an electric field.

22) Rapid change of a magnetic field induces

22. When a bar magnet is broken in two as shown, each piece is a. as magnetic as the original magnet. b. actually stronger than the original magnet. c. half as strong as the original magnet. 0. no longer magnetic.

The electrical force on a 2-C charge is 60 N. What is the value of the electric field at the place where the charge is located?

30 N/C

1:100

30) Neon signs require about 12,000 volts to operate. If the circuit uses a 120-volt power source, the ratio of primary to secondary turns on the transformer should be

30. A device that transforms electrical energy to mechanical energy is a a. generator. b. motor. c. transformer. d. magnet. e. none of these

55 V.

31) The voltage across the input terminals of a transformer is 110 V. The primary has 50 loops and the secondary has 25 loops. The voltage the transformer puts out is

31. Voltage produced by a generator alternates because a. unlike a battery, it produces alternating current. b. the changing magnetic field that produces it alternates. c. alterations in the mechanical energy input. d. in effect it is an ac motor in reverse. e. the current it produces alternates.

440 W

32) Four amperes of current exist in the primary coil of a transformer. The voltage across the primary coil is 110 V. What is the power output of the secondary coil?

32. A transformer actually transforms a. voltage. b. magnetic field lines. c. generators into motors. d. non-safe forms of energy to safe forms of energy. e. all of these

burned out.

33) Disregarding the effects of friction, a cyclist will coast farther when a lamp powered by a wheel generator is

33. Transformers use ac so there will be the required a. transfer of energy from coil to coil. b. voltage for transformation. c. change in magnetic field for operation. d. change in input current. e. magnetic field intensities.

decreases.

34) As a motor armature turns faster and faster, net current in the motor windings

34. Disconnect a small-voltage battery from a coil of many loops of wire, and a large voltage is produced by a. the large collapse in the magnetic field. b. latent energy in the battery. c. the resistance of the battery to a change in polarity. d. electrons already in the wire. e. the electric field between the battery terminals.

only while being connected or disconnected.

35) If the primary of a transformer were connected to a dc power source, the transformer would have a voltage output

35. Power is transmitted at high voltages because the corresponding current in the wires is a. also high to deliver appreciable power to distant places. b. low so that overheating of the wires is minimized. c. both of these d. neither of these

36. Electric power can be transmitted from one place to another without the need for connecting wires in between. This statement is a. true. b. false.

37. Rapid changes of a magnetic field induces a. a magnetic field of greater magnitude. b. a magnetic field of the same magnitude. c. an electric field.

38. The metal detectors that people walk through at airports operate via a. Ohm's law. b. Faraday's law. c. Coulomb's law. d. Newton's laws. e. civil laws.

39. A step-up transformer increases a. power. b. energy. c. both of these d. neither of these

Before ice can form on a lake, all the water in the lake must be cooled to

4 degrees Celsius

magnetic field intensity in the coil.

4) Electromagnetic induction occurs in a coil when there is a change in

A decrease in temperature is a result of a decrease in the ________ of the atoms or molecules

Kinetic energy

4. Like kinds of magnetic poles repel while unlike kinds of magnetic poles a. attract. b. repel also. c. may attract or repel.

A sphere has a negative charge of 6.4 × 10-7 coulomb. The approximate number of electrons that must be removed to make the sphere neutral is

4.0 × 1012

The amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1°C is

4.19 joules.

40. Changing the magnetic field intensity in a closed loop of wires induces a. current. b. voltage. c. both of these d. neither of these

One hundred joules of heat is added to a system that performs 60 joules of work. The internal energy change of the system is

40J

41 . Metal detectors, like the ones used at airports, are activated by a. electric fields. b. magnetic fields. c. electromagnetic induction. d. alternating current.

When 10 grams of hot water cool by 1°C, the amount of heat given off is

41.9 joules.

42. The principal advantage of ac power over dc power is that a. less energy is dissipated during transmission. b. ac voltage oscillates while dc voltage does not. c. ac voltage can be transformed via conventional transformers. d. ac circuits multiply power more easily. e. ac circuits are safer.

43. Neon signs require about 12,000 V to operate. If the circuit uses a 120-V power source, the ratio of primary to secondary turns on the transformer should be a. 1:100. b. 100:1. c. neither of these

44. A step-up transformer has a ratio of 1 to 10. Neglecting slight losses, if 100 W of power go into the primary coil, the power corning from the secondary coil is a. 1 W. b. 10 W. c. 100 W. d. 1000 W. e. none of these

40) Four amperes of current exist in the primary coil of a transformer. The voltage across the primary coil is 110 V. What is the power output of the secondary coil? A) 110 W B) 27.5 W C) 440 W D) 880 W E) not enough information to say

440 W

45. The voltage across the input terminals of a transformer is 110 V. The primary has 50 loops and the secondary has 25 loops. The voltage the transformer puts out is a. 25 V. b. 55 V. c. 110 V. d. 220 V. e. none of these

46. Four amps of current exist in the primary coil of a transformer. The voltage across the primary coil is 110 V. What is the power output of the secondary coil? a. 27.5 W b. 110 W c. 440 W d. 880 W e. not enough information to say

47. A certain transformer doubles input voltage. If the primary coil has 10 A of current, then the current in the secondary coil is a. 2 A. b. 5 A. c. 10 A. d. 25 A. e. none of these

48. Disregarding the effects of friction, a cyclist will coast farther when a lamp powered by a wheel generator is a. of low wattage. b. of high wattage. c. burned out. d. none of these

49. As a motor armature turns faster and faster, net current in the motor windings a. increases. b. decreases. c. remains unchanged.

How many nodes, not including the endpoints, are there in a standing wave that is two wavelengths long? Three wave lengths long?

4th harmonic- 3 nodes (total of 5), 6th harmonic- 5 nodes (total of 7).

Before ice can form on a lake, all the water in the lake must be cooled to

4°C.

48) A certain transformer doubles input voltage. If the primary coil has 10 A of current, then the current in the secondary coil is A) 5 A B) 10 A C) 25 A D) 2 A E) none of these

5 A

A certain transformer doubles input voltage. If the primary coil draws 10 A of current, then the current in the secondary coil is

5 A if the transformer doubles than the secondary coil is half of the 1st coil

when a 10 V battery is connected to a resistor, the current in the Resistor is two a. What is the resistors value?

5 OHMNS

81. What causes the temporary magnetism of a common iron nail to go away when the magnetizing force is removed? a. ordinary thermal motion b. it never was a magnet c. vibrations set off by the aligning domains, they can be heard with a amplified stethoscope d. magic e. the polar nature of the water molecule causes charges to leak off into the atmosphere

82. If a proton is moving through a vacuum at 1000 mph, is there a magnetic field being produced? a. yes b. no c. only if the paired neutron is stationary d. only if the paired electron is stationary e. only if the paired electron is moving with the proton

83. Would a moving neutron produce a magnetic field? a. yes b. no

84. Does a moving electron produce a magnetic field? a. yes b. no c. depends

85. A current of charges produces what? a. an amp b. a beam of light c. a magnetic field d. electricity e. ohms

86. What happens to the magnetic field intensity if the current carrying wire has three times as many loops, and the same amount of current? a. it is 1/3 as strong b. it is nine times stronger c. it is three times stronger d. it doesn't change e. it is 1/9 as strong

87. What do you call a rod of iron surrounded by a coil of current carrying wire? a. a condenser b. a magnetic domain c. and electromagnet d. an alternator e. a generator

88. What does a moving charged particle experience if it moves through a static magnetic field? a. nothing b. an acceleration in the current direction c. a deflection that is parallel to the magnetic field d. a deflection that is perpendicular to the current and parallel to the magnetic field e. a deflection that is perpendicular to both the magnetic field and the current

89. What would be the deflecting force of a 10 amp current running parallel to the magnetic field? a. 10 N b. 100 N c. 1 N d. 0 N e. 1/10 N

When the distance between two charges is reduced 3X, the electrical force between the charges is what?

9 times stronger

very similar devices.

9) An electric motor and electric generator are

9. Magnetic domains normally occur in a. iron. b. copper. c. silver. d. all of these e. none of these

90. What do you call a device that is used to measure current in a wire? a. galvanometer b. electroscope c. current meter d. cathode ray tube (CRT)

91. If a galvanometer is calibrated to measure current, what is it called? a. voltmeter b. current-meter c. ammeter d. ampmeter e. amperage

92. If a galvanometer is calibrated to measure electric potential, what is it called? a. voltmeter b. potentiometer c. ammeter d. ampmeter e. amperage

95. What happens when a wire is moved close to a magnet? a. current is induced b. voltage is induced c. nothing d. everything

97. According to the above law, what would happen if the number of coils were doubled and the rate of magnetic field changes tripled? a. 2 times as much voltage b. 3 times as much voltage c. 6 times as much voltage d. 2/3 times as much voltage e. 3/2 times as much voltage

98. How does the voltage induced upon two equal coils, one made of copper and one made of rubber, differ? a. voltage in copper much greater b. voltage in rubber much greater c. voltage is the same d. no voltage at all in rubber

A Doppler effect occurs when a source of sound moves A) toward you. B) at right angles to you. C) both of these D) none of these

A weight suspended from a spring bobs up and down over a distance of 1 meter in two seconds. Its frequency is A) 0.5 hertz. B) 1 hertz. C) 2 hertz. D) None of the above choices are correct.

A wiggle in time is a A) vibration. B) wave. C) both D) neither

An object that completes 10 vibrations in 20 seconds has a frequency of A) 0.5 hertz. B) 2 hertz. C) 200 hertz.

Double the frequency of sound and you halve its A) wavelength B) amplitude C) speed

For light, a red shift indicates that the light source is moving A) away from you B) at right angles to you C) toward you D) actually, all of these E) none of these

If the frequency of a certain wave is 10 hertz, its period is A) 0.1 second. B) 10 seconds. C) 100 seconds. D) None of the above choices are correct.

In a longitudinal wave the compression and rarefaction travel in A) the same direction. B) opposite directions. C) a vacuum.

In which one of these media does sound travel the fastest? A) ice B) water vapor C) steam D) water E) sound travels the same speed in each of the above media

Like a transverse wave, a longitudinal wave has A) amplitude, frequency, wavelength, and speed B) amplitude, frequency, and wavelength. C) amplitude, wavelength, and speed. D) wavelength, speed, and frequency. E) amplitude, frequency, and speed.

Suppose a simple pendulum is suspended in an elevator. When the elevator is accelerating upward, the frequency of the pendulum A) increases B) decreases C) doesn't change

The approximate range of human hearing is A) 20 - 20,000Hz B) 40 - 40,000Hz C) 10 - 10,000Hz

The frequencies of sound that carry farther in air are A) low B) ultrasonic C) high

The natural frequency of an object depends on its A) size, shape and elasticity B) shape and elasticity C) size and shape D) size and elasticity

The object with the highest natural frequency is a A) small bell B) Taco Bell C) large bell

The sonic boom at ground level produced by an aircraft will be reduced if the aircraft A) is smaller, flies higher, and is more streamlined. B) flies higher. C) is more streamlined. D) is smaller. E) None of the above choices are true.

The speed of a sound wave in air depends on A) air temperature B) wavelength C) amplitude

The stride of a horse depends somewhat on the pendulum like swing of its legs. The stride would be higher in frequency if more of the mass in its legs were concentrated A) in the upper part,nearer the horse's body B) uniformly all along its legs C) towards its feet D) halfway up its legs E) none of these

The vibrations of a longitudinal wave move in a direction A) along the direction of wave travel. B) at right angles to the direction of wave travel. C) that changes with speed.

Which of the following is not a transverse wave? A) sound B) light C) radio D) all of these E) none of these

You dip your finger repeatedly into water and make waves. If you dip your finger more frequently, the wavelength of the waves A) shortens. B) lengthens. C) stays the same.

100 g of steam at 100°C

A boy scout will be burned more severely by

cooler

A canteen that is wet on the outside results in water inside that is

An emf is induced if

A changing magnetic flux through a closed loop of wire

Does a substance that heats up quickly have a high or a low specific heat capacity?

A low specific heat capacity

A device that transforms electrical energy to mechanical energy is

A motor

electrons are made to flow in a wire when there is?

A potential difference across its ends

Sound waves cannot travel in

A vacuum

What is the source of a a wave motion?

A vibration

A piano tuner knows that a key on the piano is tuned to the frequency of his tuning fork when he strikes them at the same time and the number of beats he hears each second is A) 0. B) 1. C) 2. D) 3. E) 4.

A) 0. Practice test 19-21 Test 19-21

13) If the frequency of a certain wave is 10 hertz, its period is A) 0.1 second. B) 10 seconds. C) 100 seconds. D) None of the above choices are correct.

A) 0.1 second.

If the frequency of a certain wave is 10 hertz, its period is A) 0.1 second. B) 10 seconds. C) 100 seconds. D) None of the above choices are correct.

A) 0.1 second. Test 19-21

29) The minimum amount of 100-degree-C steam needed to melt 1 gram of 0-degree-Celsius ice is A) 0.125 gram. B) 0.148 gram. C) 6.75 grams. D) 8 grams. E) none of these

A) 0.125 gram.

12) A weight suspended from a spring bobs up and down over a distance of 1 meter in two seconds. Its frequency is A) 0.5 hertz. B) 1 hertz. C) 2 hertz. D) None of the above choices are correct.

A) 0.5 hertz.

9) An object that completes 10 vibrations in 20 seconds has a frequency of A) 0.5 hertz. B) 2 hertz. C) 200 hertz.

A) 0.5 hertz.

An object that completes 10 vibrations in 20 seconds has a frequency of A) 0.5 hertz. B) 2 hertz. C) 200 hertz.

A) 0.5 hertz. Test 19-21

The amount of energy ultimately converted to heat by a light bulb is about A) 15%. B) 30%. C) 45%. D) 60%. E) 100%.

A) 15%.

One hundred joules of heat is added to a system that performs 60 joules of work. The internal energy change of the system is A) 0 J. B) 40 J. C) 60 J. D) 100 J. E) None of the above choices are correct.

B) 40 J.

How does the law of the conservation of energy relate to the first law of thermodynamics?

Adding heat flow to the law of conservation of energy gives the first law of thermodynamics. *"When heat flows to or from a system, the system gains or loses an amount of energy equal to the amount of heat transferred."* Heat added to a system = increase in internal energy + external work done by the system.

Do adiabatic processes apply only to gases? Defend your answer.

Adiabatic processes can even occur in the liquid ocean (deep currents circulating per 1000 years) and inside Earth (convection currents in molten material under crust)

The speed of a sound wave in air depends on

Air temperature

What is the adiabatic form of the first law of thermodynamics?

Air temperature rises (or falls) as pressure increases (or decreases). Characteristic by parts of air (parcels) pressure lessens, allowed to expand and cool. Reduced pressure = reduced temperature.

How do meteorologists express the first law of thermodynamics?

Air temperature rises as heat is added or as pressure is increased. Air temperature may be changed by +/- heat, changing pressure of air (involves work), both. Solar radiation (heat) moisture condensation warm ground contact

without a temperature change

As a block of ice at 0°C melts, the block absorbs energy

A banjo player plucks the middle of an open string. Where are the nodes of the standing wave in the string? What is the wavelength of the vibrating string?

At the ends of the string, twice as long as the string.

The source of electrons lighting an incandescent AC lightbulb is?

Atoms in the lightbulb filament

A 60-vibration-per-second wave travels 30 meters in 1 second. Its frequency is A) 30 hertz and it travels at 60 m/s. B) 60 hertz and it travels at 30 m/s. C) 1800 hertz and it travels at 2 m/s.

A bow wave is produced when the source of a wave moves A) at a right angle to the wave it produces B) faster than the wave it produces C) slower than the wave it produces

A child swings to and fro on a playground swing. If the child stands rather than sits, the time for a to-and-fro swing is A) lengthened. B) shortened. C) unchanged.

A node is a position of A) maximum amplitude B) minimum amplitude C) half amplitude

A pendulum clock at high altitudes runs A) fast. B) slow. C) normally as it does at sea level.

A certain transformer doubles input voltage. If the primary coil has 10 A of current, then the current in the secondary coil is A) 2 A. B) 5 A. C) 10 A. D) 25 A. E) none of these

B) 5 A. Practice test 22-25

A sound wave is a A) shock wave B) longitudinal wave C) transverse wave D) standing wave

A standing wave occurs when A) two waves overlap. B) a wave reflects upon itself. C) the speed of the wave is zero or near zero. D) the amplitude of a wave exceeds its wavelength.

A wave barrier is produced when a wave source moves A) nearly as fast as the waves it produces. B) as fast as the waves it produces. C) faster than the waves it produces.

An aircraft that flies faster than the speed of sound is said to be A) subsonic. B) supersonic. C) impossible.

As a supersonic aircraft increases speed, the angle of its shock wave becomes A) wider B) narrower

As a supersonic craft increases in speed, the angle of its V-shaped shock wave becomes A) wider. B) narrower. C) neither

At a concert the oboe is playing a long steady note as you walk away from the stage at an accelerating velocity toward the rest room. The pitch of the sound that you hear is A) continually increasing B) continually decreasing C) steady but lower than normal D) steady but higher than normal E) none of the above choices are correct

During a single period, the distance traveled by a wave is A) one-half wavelength. B) one wavelength. C) two wavelengths.

How many vibrations per second are associated with a 101-MHz radio wave? A) less than 101,000,000 B) 101,000,000 C) more than 101,000,000

If at a concert you run toward the orchestra, the frequency of the sound you hear will be A) decreased. B) increased. C) neither decreased nor increased.

If at a concert, a wind blows directly from the orchestra toward you, the speed of the sound you hear will be A) decreased. B) increased. C) neither decreased nor increased.

If the waves are going by at the same frequency, the wave that has the greatest speed will have the greatest A) amplitude. B) length. C) frequency. D) None of the above choices are true.

If you double the frequency of a vibrating object, its period A) doubles. B) halves. C) is quartered.

In a longitudinal wave the compressions and rarefactions travel A) at right angles to the wave B) in the same direction as the wave C) in opposite directions

Radio waves travel at the speed of light, 300,000 km/s. The wavelength of a radio wave received at 100 megahertz is A) 0.3 m. B) 3.0 m. C) 30 m. D) 300 m. E) none of these

Sound travels faster in A) air B) steel C) water D) a vacuum

Sound travels faster in air if the air temperature is A) cold B) warm C) average

The energy of sound in air eventually becomes A) cancelled by destructive interference B) increased internal energy of the air C) weaker and weaker until it disappears D) canceled by both destructive and constructive interference

The frequency of a simple pendulum is independent of its A) length B) mass C) gravity

The frequency of the second hand on a clock is A) 1 hertz. B) 1/60 hertz. C) 60 hertz.

The least energy required to produce forced vibration in an object occurs A) above its natural frequency B) at its natural frequency C) below its natural frequency

The source of a sonic boom A) must itself be an emitter of sound. B) may or may not be an emitter of sound. C) is not itself an emitter of sound.

The vibrations of a transverse wave move in a direction A) along the direction of wave travel. B) at right angles to the direction of wave travel. C) that changes with speed.

When a pendulum clock at sea level is taken to the top of a high mountain, it will A) gain time. B) lose time. C) neither gain nor lose time.

When the speed of sound near the ground is greater than it is at higher altitudes, the sound tends to be bent A) downward B) upward C) to the left D) to the right E) none of the above choices are correct

When you tune a radio to a certain station, you match the frequency of the internal electrical circuit to the frequency of the wanted radio station. In so doing you are employing the principles of A) forced vibrations B) resonance C) reverberation D) beats E) wave interefernce

32) The lowest temperature possible in nature is A) 0 degrees C. B) -273 degrees C. C) 4 K.

B) -273 degrees C

The lowest temperature possible in nature is A) 0 degrees C. B) -273 degrees C. C) 4 K.

B) -273 degrees C.

When a 60-watt light bulb is connected to a 120-volt source the current in the light bulb is A) 0.25 A. B) 0.5 A. C) 2 A. D) 4 A.

B) 0.5 A. Practice test 22-25

The frequency of the second hand on a clock is A) 1 hertz. B) 1/60 hertz. C) 60 hertz.

B) 1/60 hertz. Practice test 19-21

Consider a cup of tea at room temperature, 24 degrees C. If it is heated until it has twice the internal energy, unlike a piece of metal, its temperature will be A) 48 degrees C. B) 100 degrees C. C) 321 degrees C.

B) 100 degrees C.

7) Which could burn a boy scout the most? A) 100 g of water at 100 degrees C B) 100 g of steam at 100 degrees C C) Both would be equally damaging.

B) 100 g of steam at 100 degrees C

A cello string .67 m long has a fundamental frequency of 220 hertz. The speed of the wave on the string is A) 330 m/s B) 295m/s C) 220 m/s D) 165 m/s E) none of these

B) 295m/s

Entropy is closely related to the A) 1st law of thermodynamics. B) 2nd law of thermodynamics. C) both of these D) neither of these

B) 2nd law of thermodynamics.

Two identical blocks of iron, one at 10 degrees C and the other at 20 degrees C, are put in contact. Suppose the cooler block cools to 5 degrees C and the warmer block warms to 25 degrees C. This would violate the A) 1st law of thermodynamics. B) 2nd law of thermodynamics. C) both of these D) neither of these

B) 2nd law of thermodynamics.

A general rule for estimating the distance in kilometers between an observer and a lightning bolt is to count the number of seconds between seeing the lightning and hearing it, and dividing by A) 2. B) 3. C) 4. D) 5. E) none of these

B) 3. Practice test 19-21

17) Radio waves travel at the speed of light, 300,000 km/s. The wavelength of a radio wave received at 100 megahertz is A) 0.3 m. B) 3.0 m. C) 30 m. D) 300 m. E) none of these

B) 3.0 m.

Radio waves travel at the speed of light, 300,000 km/s. The wavelength of a radio wave received at 100 megahertz is A) 0.3 m. B) 3.0 m. C) 30 m. D) 300 m. E) none of these

B) 3.0 m. Practice test 19-21 Test 19-21

Before ice can form on a lake, all the water in the lake must be cooled to A) zero degrees C B) 4 degrees C C) minus 32 degrees C D) none of the above are true. Ice can form at the surface regardless of the water temperature below.

B) 4 degrees C

The temperature at the bottom of Lake Tahoe, high in the Sierra Nevada Mountains in California, at this moment is A) below 4 degrees C. B) 4 degrees C. C) above 4 degrees C. D) uncertain.

B) 4 degrees C

A transistor is an example of a A) resistor. B) superconductor. C) semiconductor. D) dry cell. E) transmitter.

C) semiconductor. Practice test 22-25

Light frequency from an incandescent lamp depends on the A) amount of electrical energy transformed. B) rate of atomic and molecular vibrations. C) voltage applied to the lamp. D) electrical resistance of the lamp. E) transparency of glass.

B) rate of atomic and molecular vibrations. Practice Test 26 - 30

The critical angle for a transparent material is the angle at and beyond which all light within the material is A) refracted. B) reflected. C) absorbed. D) dispersed. E) diffused.

B) reflected. Practice Test 26 - 30

A mirage is a result of atmospheric A) reflection. B) refraction. C) scattering. D) dispersion. E) aberrations.

B) refraction. Homework Chapter 28 Test 26-30

The twinkling of the stars is a result of atmospheric A) reflection. B) refraction. C) scattering. D) dispersion. E) aberrations.

B) refraction. Practice Test 26 - 30

17) When liquids change to a solid state, they A) absorb energy. B) release energy. C) neither absorb nor release energy. D) both absorb and release energy.

B) release energy.

Fissioning a lead nucleus yields a net A) absorption of energy. B) release of energy. C) neither absorption nor release of energy

B) release of energy. Homework Chapter 34

Fusing two helium nuclei yields a net A) absorption of energy. B) release of energy. C) neither absorption nor release of energy

B) release of energy. Homework Chapter 34

A main difference between gravitational and electric forces is that electrical forces A) attract. B) repel or attract. C) obey the inverse-square law. D) act over shorter distances. E) are weaker.

B) repel or attract. Practice test 22-25

When a bar magnet is thrust into a coil of copper wire, the coil tends to A) attract the magnet as it enters. B) repel the magnet as it enters.

B) repel the magnet as it enters. Homework Chapter 25

When you tune a radio to a certain station, you match the frequency of the internal electrical circuit to the frequency of the wanted radio station. In so doing you are employing the principle of A) forced vibrations. B) resonance. C) beats. D) reverberation. E) wave interference.

B) resonance. Practice test 19-21

When ultraviolet light is incident upon glass, atoms in the glass A) are forced into vibration. B) resonate. C) pass the light energy along practically undiminished. D) freely absorb and re-emit most of the ultraviolet light.

B) resonate. Practice Test 26 - 30

The sky is blue because air molecules in the sky act as tiny A) mirrors which reflect only blue light. B) resonators which scatter blue light. C) sources of white light. D) prisms.

B) resonators which scatter blue light. Test 26 - 30

A child swings to and fro on a playground swing. If the child stands rather than sits, the time for a to-and-fro swing is A) lengthened. B) shortened. C) unchanged.

B) shortened. Test 19-21

Compared to the wavelengths of visible light, the wavelengths of matter waves are relatively A) large. B) small.

B) small. Homework Chapter 32

A base fiddle is louder than a harp because of its A) thicker strings. B) sounding board. C) lower pitch.

B) sounding board. Homework 20 Practice Test 19-21

Different colors are dispersed by a prism because different colors in the prism have different A) frequencies. B) speeds. C) directions. D) energies. E) none of these

B) speeds. Test 26 - 30

35) An aircraft that flies faster than the speed of sound is said to be A) subsonic. B) supersonic. C) impossible.

B) supersonic.

Heat energy travels from an object with a high A) internal energy to an object with a lower internal energy B) temperature to an object with a lower temperature C) Both of these, for they say essentially the say the same thing D) None of the above choices are true

B) temperature to an object with a lower temperature

On some days, air nearest the ground is colder than air that is higher up. On one of these days, sound waves A) tend to be refracted upward. B) tend to be refracted downward. C) travel without refraction.

B) tend to be refracted downward. Test 19-21

The quantum-mechanical probability cloud for the electron in the hydrogen atom has an average radius A) quite different from the radius predicted by Bohr. B) that agrees with the orbital radius of Bohr.

B) that agrees with the orbital radius of Bohr. Homework Chapter 32

An excited atom is an atom A) that has excess vibration. B) that has one or more displaced electrons. C) with more protons than electrons. D) that is frantic.

B) that has one or more displaced electrons. Practice Test 26 - 30

If the voltage produced by a generator alternates, it does so because A) unlike a battery, it produces alternating current. B) the changing magnetic field that produces it alternates. C) alterations in the mechanical energy input. D) in effect it is an ac motor in reverse. E) the current it produces alternates.

B) the changing magnetic field that produces it alternates. Test 22-25

Two protons attract each other gravitationally and repel each other electrically. By far the greater force is A) the gravitational attraction. B) the electrical repulsion.

B) the electrical repulsion. Practice test 22-25

A piece of iron and a cup of water both have the same temperature. If they are heated so the internal energy of each doubles A) the water will have the higher temperature. B) the iron will have the higher temperature. C) both will have the same temperature. D) not enough information given to say

B) the iron will have the higher temperature.

Red-hot and blue-hot stars appear white to the eye because A) the eye has difficulty seeing color at night. B) they are too dim to fire the cones. C) they are too dim to fire the rods. D) they are overwhelmed by the blackness of the nighttime sky. E) eye receptivity peaks in the yellow-green part of the spectrum.

B) they are too dim to fire the cones. Practice Test 26 - 30

Light will almost always travel from one place to another along a path of least A) distance. B) time. C) effort. D) expense. E) complication.

B) time. Practice Test 26 - 30

Fluorescent minerals on display in museums are illuminated with A) infrared light. B) ultraviolet light. C) often either or both D) none of these

B) ultraviolet light. Practice Test 26 - 30

When ice floats in water, a small part of it extends above the surface. Interestingly enough, the volume of ice that extends above the surface is equal to the volume of the A) water the ice displaces. B) vast number of open spaces in the hexagonal ice crystals. C) both of these D) neither of these

B) vast number of open spaces in the hexagonal ice crystals.

The Earth's atmosphere is transparent to most waves in the A) infrared part of the spectrum. B) visible part of the spectrum. C) ultraviolet part of the spectrum. D) entire electromagnetic spectrum.

B) visible part of the spectrum. Homework Chapter 26 Practice Tests 26 - 30

A temperature inversion occurs when the upper layers of air are A) cooler than the lower regions of air B) warmer than the lower regions of air C) at the same temperature as lower regions of air

B) warmer than the lower regions of air

During a very cold winter, water pipes sometimes burst. The reason for this is A) the ground contracts when colder, pulling pipes apart. B) water expands when freezing. C) water contracts when freezing. D) the thawing process releases pressure on the pipes. E) none of these

B) water expands when freezing.

Sound will be louder if a struck tuning fork is held A) in the air. B) with its base against a table top. C) with its prongs in shallow water. D) in your closed fist.

B) with its base against a table top. Test 19-21

The electric field inside an uncharged metal ball is zero. If the ball is negatively charged, the electric field inside the ball is then A) less than zero. B) zero. C) greater than zero.

B) zero. Test 22-25

What kind of motion should you impart to a slinky to provide a transverse wave? A longitudinal wave?

Back and forth motion perpendicular to the length of the pendulum, in and out motion parallel to he length of the slinky.

A liter of hot water will cool to room temperature faster in a

Black pot

Which will normally warm faster: a black pot of cold water or a silvered pot of cold water? Which will cool faster?

Black, black

A 60-W light bulb and a 100-W light bulb are connected in series to a 120 V outlet. Which light bulb has more current in it?

Both have the same current

At a concert the oboe is playing a long steady note as you walk away from the stage at an accelerating velocity toward the rest room. The pitch of the sound that you hear, is A) steady but higher than normal B) steady but lower than normal. C) continually decreasing. D) continually increasing. E) None of the above choices are correct.

Sound waves can not travel in A) water B) steel C) a vacuum

The amplitude of a particular wave is 1 meter. The top-to-bottom distance of the disturbance is A) 0.5 m. B) 1 m. C) 2 m. D) none of these

The pendulum with the greatest frequency is the pendulum with the A) shortest period. B) shortest length. C) shortest period and the shortest length. D) shortest amplitude. E) greatest amplitude.

The period of the second hand on a clock is A) 1 second. B) 1/60 second. C) 60 seconds. D) 3600 seconds. E) 12 hours.

What is terrestrial radiation?

Terrestrial radiation is infrared radiation emitted by Earth's surface.

4) Steam burns are more damaging than burns caused by boiling water because steam A) gives up additional energy when it condenses. B) has more energy per kilogram than boiling water. C) Choices A and B are both correct. D) Choices B and C are both incorrect.

A step-up transformer has a ratio of one to ten. Neglecting slight losses, if 100 W of power go into the primary coil, the power coming from the secondary coil is A) 1 W. B) 10 W. C) 100 W. D) 1000 W. E) none of these

C) 100 W. Test 22-25

The half-life of carbon 14 is 5730 years. If a 1-gram sample of old carbon is 1/8 as radioactive as 1-gram of a current sample, then the age of the old sample is about A) 716 years. B) 11,500 years. C) 17,200 years. D) 22,900 years. E) 46,000 years.

C) 17,200 years. Homework Chapter 33

A string vibrating at is third harmonic frequency has a node at each end and, between these, A) No additional nodes B) 1 additional nodes C) 2 additional nodes D) 3 additional nodes E) 4 additional nodes

C) 2 additional nodes Test 19-21

3) The amplitude of a particular wave is 1 meter. The top-to-bottom distance of the disturbance is A) 0.5 m. B) 1 m. C) 2 m. D) none of these

C) 2 m.

A fishing-boat captain returns to port saying, "It's rough out there - the waves are 4 meters high." He probably means that the amplitude of the waves is A) 4 m. B) 3 m. C) 2 m. D) 1 m.

C) 2 m. Test 19-21

18) A floating leaf oscillates up and down two complete cycles in one second as a water wave passes by. The wave's wavelength is 10 meters. What is the wave's speed? A) 2 m/s B) 10 m/s C) 20 m/s D) 40 m/s E) more than 40 m/s

C) 20 m/s

Room temperature on the Kelvin scale is about A) 100 K B) 200 K C) 300 K D) 400 K E) more than 400 K

C) 300 K

Isolated bells ring clear, while bells crammed in a box have a muffled ring. If the sound of isolated bells is analogous to light from a gas discharge tube, then sound from the box crammed with bells is analogous to light from A) a laser. B) a fluorescent lamp. C) an incandescent lamp. D) a phosphorescent source. E) none of these

C) an incandescent lamp. Practice Test 26 - 30

The function of polarizing filters in viewing 3-D slides or movies is to provide each eye A) the ability to see parallax. B) a balanced intensity. C) an independent left or right-hand view. D) a stereoscopic view. E) with light polarized at right angles to each other.

C) an independent left or right-hand view. Practice Test 26 - 30

The polarization axes of glasses for 3-D viewing are A) vertical. B) horizontal. C) at right angles to each other.

C) at right angles to each other. Homework Chapter 29 Test 26-30

If a steady magnetic field exerts a force on a moving charge, that force is directed A) opposite the motion. B) in the direction of the motion. C) at right angles to the direction of the motion.

C) at right angles to the direction of the motion. Homework Chapter 24 Test 22-25

The hottest star is the star that glows A) red. B) white. C) blue.

C) blue. Homework Chapter 30

Two photons have the same wavelength. They also have the same A) frequency. B) energy. C) both of these

C) both of these Homework Chapter 31

Interference colors in a soap bubble give evidence that the soap film A) has two reflecting surfaces. B) is thin. C) both of these D) neither of these

C) both of these Practice Test 26 - 30

Thrust a magnet into a coil of wire and the coil A) becomes an electromagnet. B) has a current in it. C) both of these D) neither of these

C) both of these Practice test 22-25

A dolphin perceives its environment by the sense of A) sight. B) sound. C) both sight and sound. D) neither sight nor sound.

C) both sight and sound. Practice test 19-21

When mechanical work is done on a system, there can be an increase in A) its internal energy. B) its temperature. C) both temperature and internal energy. D) neither temperature nor internal energy. 25) When a system does work and no heat is added to the system, its temperature A) increases.

C) both temperature and internal energy.

If a light signal and a radio signal were emitted simultaneously from Alpha Centauri, the first to reach Earth would be the A) radio signal. B) light signal. C) both would reach Earth at the same time.

C) both would reach Earth at the same time. Practice Test 26 - 30

Electrons move in an electrical circuit A) by being bumped by other electrons. B) by colliding with molecules. C) by interacting with an established electric field. D) because the wires are so thin. E) none of these

C) by interacting with an established electric field. Practice test 22-25

Transformers use ac so there will be the required A) transfer of energy from coil to coil. B) voltage for transformation. C) change in magnetic field for operation. D) change in input current. E) magnetic field intensities.

C) change in magnetic field for operation. Homework Chapter 25

At a concert the oboe is playing a long steady note as you walk away from the stage at an accelerating velocity toward the rest room. The pitch of the sound that you hear is A) steady but higher than normal. B) steady but lower than normal. C) continually decreasing. D) continually increasing. E) None of the above choices are correct.

C) continually decreasing. Practice test 19-21

When a bimetallic bar made of copper and iron strips is heated, the bar bends toward the iron strip. The reason for this is A) iron gets hotter before copper. B) copper gets hotter before iron. C) copper expands more than iron. D) iron expands more than copper

C) copper expands more than iron.

We now consider the orbital model of the atom to be A) an accurate picture of a hydrogen atom. B) totally useless - of historical interest only. C) defective and oversimplified, but still useful.

C) defective and oversimplified, but still useful. Homework Chapter 32

Stars twinkle when seen from the Earth. When seen from the moon, stars A) twinkle more. B) twinkle less. C) don't twinkle.

C) don't twinkle. Test 26 - 30

30) A Doppler effect occurs when a source of sound moves A) towards you. B) away from you. C) either towards you or away from you. D) in a circle around you.

C) either towards you or away from you.

Which force binds atoms together to form molecules? A) gravitational B) nuclear C) electrical D) centripetal E) none of these

C) electrical Homework Chapter 22 Practice test 22-25

Metal detectors, like the ones used at airports, are activated by A) electric fields. B) magnetic fields. C) electromagnetic induction. D) alternating current.

C) electromagnetic induction. Practice test 22-25

A bow wave is produced when a wave source moves A) slower than the waves it produces. B) at a right angle to the wave it prodices C) faster than the waves it produces.

C) faster than the waves it produces. Homework 19 Practice Test 19-21

A fish outside water will see better if it has goggles that are A) tinted blue. B) hemispheres. C) filled with water. D) extremely shiny. E) none of these

C) filled with water. Practice Test 26 - 30

A transistor is an example of a A) resistor. B) superconductor. C) semiconductor. D) insulator E) resistor.

C) semiconductor. Homework Chapter 22 Practice Test 22-25 Test 22-25

Assuming that xenon (atomic number 54) and krypton (atomic number 36) have the same temperature and pressure, in which gaseous medium does sound travel faster?

Krypton

Between 0 degrees C and 8 degrees C a red-dyed-water-in-glass thermometer would A) be especially suitable B) always be wrong C) give ambiguous readings D) explode E) implode

C) give ambiguous readings

The frequency of a simple pendulum is independent of its A) mass. B) length. C) gravity.

C) gravity Homework 19

34) An observer on the ground hears a sonic boom which is created by an airplane flying at a speed A) just below the speed of sound. B) equal to the speed of sound. C) greater than the speed of sound. D) All of the above choices are true. E) None of the above choices are true.

C) greater than the speed of sound.

C) greater than the speed of sound. Test 19-21

The quality of a musical note has to do with its A) loudness. B) frequency. C) harmonics. D) amplitude. E) All of the above choices are correct.

C) harmonics. Practice test 19-21

An adiabatic process is characterized by the absence of A) entropy. B) pressure change. C) heat exchange D) temperature change. E) None of the above choices are true.

C) heat exchange

The moderate temperatures of islands throughout the world has much to do with water's A) poor conductivity. B) vast supply of internal energy. C) high specific heat. D) high evaporation rate. E) absorption of solar energy.

C) high specific heat.

In which one of these media does sound travel the fastest? A) water vapor B) water C) ice D) steam E) Sound travels the same speed in each of the above media

C) ice Practice test 19-21

Which of the following contracts most when temperature is increased? Equal volumes of A) iron B) wood C) ice water D) helium E) none of these contract when heated

C) ice water

Heat a copper wire and its electric resistance A) decreases. B) remains unchanged. C) increases.

C) increases. Homework Chapter 23 Practice Test 22-25

Stretch a copper wire so that it is thinner and the resistance between its ends A) decreases. B) remains unchanged. C) increases.

C) increases. Homework Chapter 23 Test 22-25

Infrared waves are often called heat waves because they A) emanate from relatively hot sources. B) consist of frequencies lower than those of visible light. C) induce resonance in molecules and increase internal energy in a substance. D) are absorbed rather than reflected by the skin. E) are the predominant waves emitted by the sun.

C) induce resonance in molecules and increase internal energy in a substance. Practice Test 26 - 30

The phenomenon of beats results from sound A) refraction. B) reflection. C) interference. D) all of these E) none of these

C) interference. Test 19-21

Charge carriers in a metal are electrons rather than protons because electrons are A) negative. B) smaller. C) loosely bound. D) all of these E) none of these

C) loosely bound. Test 22-25

In the process of fluorescence, the input is high-frequency light and the output is A) higher-frequency light. B) equally high-frequency light. C) lower-frequency light.

C) lower-frequency light Test 26 - 30

If at a concert, a wind blows directly from the orchestra toward you, the speed of the sound you hear will be A) decreased. B) increased. C) neither decreased nor increased.

C) neither decreased nor increased **** Test 19-21

During an adiabatic compression of an ideal gas A) the internal energy of the gas remains constant. B) the temperature of the gas does not change. C) no heat is supplied to or removed from the gas. D) no work is done on the gas. E) None of the above choices are true.

C) no heat is supplied to or removed from the gas.

A wire carrying a current is normally charged A) negatively. B) positively. C) not at all.

C) not at all. Homework Chapter 23 Practice Test 22-25

A sound source of high frequency emits a high A) speed. B) amplitude. C) pitch.

C) pitch Homework 20 Test 19-21

A positive ion has more A) electrons than neutrons. B) electrons than protons. C) protons than electrons. D) neutrons than quarks.

C) protons than electrons. Homework Chapter 22 Practice Test 22-25

Which doesn't belong to the same family? A) infrasonic waves B) ultrasonic waves C) radio waves D) shock waves E) longitudinal waves

C) radio waves Practice test 19-21

Reverberation is a case of A) interference. B) forced vibrations. C) re-echoed sound. D) resonance.

C) re-echoed sound. Homework 20 Test 19-21

The color of an opaque object is the same as the light that is A) transmitted. B) absorbed. C) reflected. D) all of these E) none of these

C) reflected. Test 26 - 30

If you run a refrigerator in a closed room with the refrigerator door open, the room temperature will A) increase. B) decrease. C) remain unchanged.

C) remain unchanged.

19) A refrigerator A) produces cold. B) causes internal energy to disappear. C) removes internal energy from inside the refrigerator. D) changes heat into cold. E) none of these

C) removes internal energy from inside the refrigerator.

The ratio of the potential difference across a metallic conductor to the current in the conductor is known as A) potential drop. B) conductivity. C) resistance. D) electromagnetic force.

C) resistance. Practice test 22-25

The white hot sparks that strike your skin from a 4th of July type sparkler don't harm you because A) they have a low temperature B) the energy per molecule is very low C) the energy per molecule is high, but little energy is transferred because of the few molecules in the spark

C) the energy per molecule is high, but little energy is transferred because of the few molecules in the spark

A solar eclipse occurs when the A) sun passes into Earth's shadow. B) moon passes into the Earth's shadow. C) the moon's shadow touches Earth.

C) the moon's shadow touches Earth. Test 26 - 30

1) Evaporation is a cooling process because A) heat is radiated during the process. B) of conduction and convection. C) the more energetic molecules are able to escape the liquid. D) the temperature of the remaining liquid decreases. E) none of these

C) the more energetic molecules are able to escape the liquid.

An iron rod becomes magnetic when A) positive ions accumulate at one end and negative ions at the other end. B) its atoms are aligned having plus charges on one side and negative charges on the other. C) the net spins of its electrons are in the same direction. D) its electrons stop moving and point in the same direction. E) none of these

C) the net spins of its electrons are in the same direction. Practice test 22-25 Test 22-25

Compared to radio waves, the velocity of visible light waves in a vacuum is A) less. B) more. C) the same.

C) the same Homework Chapter 26 Test 26-30

When light passes through an ordinary window pane, its angle of emergence is A) usually less than its angle of incidence. B) always less than its angle of incidence. C) the same as its angle of incidence. D) usually more than its angle of incidence. E) always more than its angle of incidence.

C) the same as its angle of incidence. Homework Chapter 28

Two lamps, one with a thick filament and one with a thin filament, are connected in series. The current is A) greater in the lamp with the thick filament. B) greater in the lamp with the thin filament. C) the same in each lamp.

C) the same in each lamp. Test 22-25

Compared to the diameter of a zirconium atom (A = 40), the diameter of a mercury atom (A = 80) is approximately A) four times as large. B) twice as large. C) the same size. D) one-half as large. E) one-quarter as large.

C) the same size. Homework Chapter 32

Consider light energy that is momentarily absorbed in glass and then re-emitted. Compared to the absorbed light, the frequency of the re-emitted light is A) considerably less. B) slightly less. C) the same. D) slightly more. E) considerably more.

C) the same. Homework Chapter 26 Practice Test 26 - 30

Particle A has twice the charge of nearby particle B. Compared to the force on Particle A, the force on Particle B is A) four times as much. B) twice as much. C) the same. D) half as much.

C) the same. Homework Chapter 22 Test 22-25

If a magnet is pushed into a coil, voltage is induced across the coil. If the same magnet is pushed into a coil with twice the number of loops A) one half as much voltage is induced. B) the same voltage is induced. C) twice as much voltage is induced. D) four times as much voltage is induced.

C) twice as much voltage is induced. Homework Chapter 25 Practice Test 22-25

If you walk towards a mirror at a certain speed, the relative speed between you and your image is A) half your speed. B) your speed. C) twice your speed. D) none of these

C) twice your speed. Homework Chapter 28 Practice Test 26 - 30

The frequency of a simple pendulum is dependents on A) mass. B) length. C) gravity. C) two of these E) None of these

C) two of these Practice test 19-21

20) The cooling effect inside a refrigerator is produced by A) an electric motor that converts electrical energy into internal energy. B) compressing the refrigeration gas into a liquid. C) vaporizing the refrigeration liquid. D) proper insulation. E) replacing the warmer air with colder air.

C) vaporizing the refrigeration liquid.

The source of all electromagnetic waves is A) heat B) magnetic fields C) vibrating charges D) electric fields

C) vibrating charges Homework Chapter 26

14) A common source of wave motion is a A) wave pattern. B) harmonic object. C) vibrating object. D) region of variable high and low pressure. E) none of these

C) vibrating object.

A common source of wave motion is a A) wave pattern. B) harmonic object. C) vibrating object. D) region of variable high and low pressure.

C) vibrating object. Homework 19 Test 19-21

The absorption of an infrared photon that excites an atom to emit a green photon A) occurs in plants. B) occurs in the process of phosphorescence. C) violates the law of energy conservation.

C) violates the law of energy conservation. Homework Chapter 30

When a car is struck by lightning, the resulting electric field inside the car is A) huge, for a brief time. B) small enough to be safe. C) zero.

C) zero Homework Chapter 22 Practice Test 22-25

Fluids do not _______ well

Conduct

Heat travels best through a solid by

Conduction

Distinguish between constructive interference and destructive interference?

C.I occurs when peaks overlap and D.I occurs when a peak and trough overlap.

Which unit represents the most energy?

Calorie

Which temperature scales have equal sized degrees?

Celsius and Kelvin

Sound reflection can occur when the speed of sound

Changes

Which statement is correct?

Charge flows in a closed circuit.

cool an environment

Chinook winds tend to

11) Magnetism is due to the motion of electrons as they A) spin on their axes B) move around the nucleus C) Choices A and B are both correct D) None of the above choices are correct

Choices A and B are both correct

An object that completes 100 vibrations in 5 seconds has a period of A) 0.5 second. B) 1 second. C) 2 seconds. D) None of the above choices are correct.

An object that completes 14 vibrations in 7 seconds has a frequency of A) 98Hz B) .5Hz C) 21Hz D) 2Hz

As a train of water waves goes by, a piece of cork floating on the water bobs up and down one complete cycle each second. The waves are 2 meters long. What is the speed of the wave? A) 0.25 m/s B) 0.50 m/s C) 1.0 m/s D) 2 m/s E) 4 m/s

For FM radio, the F stands for A) forced vibration at which resonance occurs B) foul C) female D) frequency E) fax

If waves are going by at the same speed, the wave with the greatest period of oscillation is the wave that has the greatest A) amplitude. B) length. C) frequency. D) None of the above choices are true.

Radio waves travel at the speed of light, 300,000 km/s. The wavelength of a radio wave received at 100 megahertz is A) 30 m B) 300 m C) 0.3 m D) 3.0 m E) none of these

The Doppler effect is characteristic of A) water waves. B) sound waves. C) light waves. D) all of the above choices E) none of the above choices

The Doppler effect occurs when a source of sound moves A) towards you B) in a circle around you C) away from you D) either towards you or away from you

The doppler effect is a characteristic of A) sound waves B) water waves C) light waves D) all of these E) none of the above choices

The period of the second hand on a clock is A) 1 second B) 1/60 second C) 3600 seconds D) 60 seconds

To say that one wave is out of phase with another is to say that the waves are A) of different wavelengths B) of different frequencies C) of different amplitudes D) out of step E) all of these

To say that one wave is out of phase with another is to say that the waves are A) of different amplitudes. B) of different frequencies. C) of different wavelengths. D) out of step. E) all of these

Wave interference occurs for A) sound waves. B) light waves. C) water waves. D) All of the above choices are correct. E) None of the above choices are correct.

We are best at hearing A) ultrasonic sound B) infrasonic sound C) both infrasonic and ultrasonic sounds D) none of the above choices are true

Compared to a sound of 30 decibels, a sound of 60 decibels is A) twice as intense. B) 10 times as intense. C) 100 times as intense. D) 1000 times as intense. E) 10,000 times as intense.

D) 1000 times as intense. Practice test 19-21

15) As a train of water waves goes by, a piece of cork floating on the water bobs up and down one complete cycle each second. The waves are 2 meters long. What is the speed of the wave? A) 0.25 m/s B) 0.50 m/s C) 1.0 m/s D) 2 m/s E) 4 m/s

D) 2 m/s

A volume of air has a temperature of 0 degrees C. An equal volume of air that is twice as hot has a temperature of A) 0 degrees C B) 64 degrees C C) 100 degrees C D) 273 degrees C E) none of the above choices are correct

D) 273 degrees C

Consider a piece of metal that is at 5 degrees C. If it is heated until it has twice the internal energy, its temperature will be A) 10 degrees C. B) 273 degrees C. C) 278 degrees C. D) 283 degrees C. E) 556 degrees C

D) 283 degrees C.

20) A wave oscillates up and down two complete cycles each second. If the wave travels an average distance of 6 meters in one second, its wavelength is A) 0.5 m. B) 1 m. C) 2 m. D) 3 m. E) 6 m.

D) 3 m.

Two tuning forks produce sounds of wavelengths 3.4 meters and 3.3 meters. Approximately what beat frequency is produced? A) 0.1 hertz B) 1.0 hertz C) 2.0 hertz D) 3.0 hertz E) 4.0 hertz

D) 3.0 hertz Practice test 19-21

A floating leaf oscillates up and down four complete cycles in one second as a water wave passes by. The wave's wavelength is 10 meters. What is the wave's speed? A) 2 m/s B) 10 m/s C) 20 m/s D) 40 m/s

D) 40 m/s Test 19-21

Consider a piece of metal that is at 10 degrees C. If it is heated until it has twice the internal energy, its temperature will be A) 20 degrees C. B) 273 degrees C. C) 293 degrees C. D) 566 degrees C. E) none of these

D) 566 degrees C.

30) The mass of ice that can be melted by 1 gram of 100-degree-C steam is (Hint: Don't forget about hot water remaining from condensed steam.) A) 0.125 gram. B) 0.148 gram. C) 6.75 grams. D) 8 grams. E) none of these

D) 8 grams.

The ideal efficiency for a heat engine operating between temperatures of 2700 K and 300 K is A) 10%. B) 24%. C) 80%. D) 89%. E) none of these

D) 89%.

26) Wave interference occurs for A) sound waves. B) light waves. C) water waves. D) All of the above choices are correct. E) None of the above choices are correct.

D) All of the above choices are correct.

In perceiving its environment, a dolphin makes use of A) echoes. B) the Doppler effect. C) ultrasound. D) All of the above choices are correct. E) None of the above choices are correct.

D) All of the above choices are correct. Test 19-21

The main reason electrons occupy discrete orbits in an atom is because A) energy levels are quantized. B) electric forces act over quantized distances. C) electrons are basically discrete particles. D) the circumference of each orbit is an integral multiple of electron wavelengths.

D) the circumference of each orbit is an integral multiple of electron wavelengths. Homework Chapter 32

The primary source of electrons in an ordinary electrical circuit is A) a dry cell, wet cell or battery. B) the back emf of motors. C) the power station generator. D) the electrical circuit itself.

D) the electrical circuit itself. Homework Chapter 23 Test 22-25

It is difficult to see the roadway in front of you when you are driving on a rainy night mainly because A) light scatters from raindrops and cuts down the light to reach your eyes. B) of added condensation on the inner surface of the windshield. C) the film of water on your windshield provides an additional reflecting surface. D) the film of water on the roadway makes the road less diffuse. E) none of these

D) the film of water on the roadway makes the road less diffuse. Test 26 - 30

The half-lives of elements beyond uranium are too short for these elements to occur in natural deposits. But elements below uranium that have equally short half-lives do occur in natural deposits. This is because they are A) the small leftover of huge abundances when the Earth formed. B) subdued and preserved by pressures beneath the Earth. C) bound with longer-living elements. D) the products of uranium decay.

D) the products of uranium decay. Homework Chapter 33

8) On a humid day, water condenses on the outside of a glass of ice water. This phenomenon occurs mainly because of A) the porosity of glass. B) capillary action. C) adhesion of water molecules to glass. D) the saturation of cooled air. E) evaporation.

D) the saturation of cooled air.

Orbital electrons do not spiral into the nucleus because of A) electromagnetic forces. B) angular momentum conservation. C) the large nuclear size compared to the electron's size. D) the wave nature of the electron.

D) the wave nature of the electron. Homework Chapter 32

The radiation curve for a "blue hot" object peaks in the A) infrared region. B) red region. C) yellow region. D) ultraviolet region. E) none of these

D) ultraviolet region. Homework Chapter 30

Which of the following expands when the temperature is lowered? Equal volumes of A) iron. B) wood. C) helium. D) water at 4 degrees C. E) None expands when the temperature is lowered.

D) water at 4 degrees C.

In the unlikely case of a lightning strike, it is worse to be inside a building framed with A) steel. B) iron. C) aluminum. D) wood.

D) wood. Test 22-25

The electric power of a lamp that carries 2 A at 120 V is A) 1/6 watts. B) 2 watts. C) 60 watts. D) 20 watts. E) 240 watts.

E) 240 watts. Test 22-25

Natural processes tend to move toward greater

Disorder

When sound travels faster higher above the ground than below, bending of sound tends to be

Downward

As a source of continuous sound approaches a constant speed, you will be aware of an apparent increasing of its A) loudness, frequency, and wavelength. B) loudness and wavelength. C) loudness and frequency. D) frequency and wavelength. E) None of the above choices are correct.

Double the frequency of sound and you also double its A) amplitude B) speed C) wavelength D) all of these E) none of these

The frequency of a simple pendulum depends on A) length B) its mass C) the acceleration due to gravity D) all of these E) two of these

The frequency of a simple pendulum depends on A) its mass. B) its length. C) the acceleration due to gravity. D) all of these E) two of these

24) To increase the temperature of 50 grams of water by 2 Celsius degrees requires A) 0.04 calorie. B) 2 calories. C) 4.18 calories. D) 25 calories. E) 100 calories.

E) 100 calories.

Suppose you sound a 1056-hertz tuning fork at the same time you strike a note on the piano and hear 2 beats/second. You tighten the piano string very slightly and now hear 3 beats/second. What is the frequency of the piano string? A) 1053 hertz B) 1054 hertz C) 1056 hertz D) 1058 hertz E) 1059 hertz

E) 1059 hertz Practice test 19-21

The net charge on a charged capacitor depends on A) the area of the capacitor plates. B) the distance between the capacitor plates. C) the medium between the capacitor plates. D) All of the above choices are correct. E) None of the above choices are correct - the net charge is zero.

E) None of the above choices are correct - the net charge is zero. Test 22-25

When an ideal gas is subjected to an adiabatic process A) no work is done on the gas. B) the temperature of the gas does not change. C) the internal energy of the gas does not change. D) Choices A, B, and C are all true. E) None of the above choices are true.

E) None of the above choices are true.

31) When a block of ice at zero degrees Celsius melts, the ice A) absorbs energy from its environment. B) releases energy to its environment. C) absorbs energy and gets warmer. D) releases energy and gets warmer. E) absorbs energy but does not change its temperature.

E) absorbs energy but does not change its temperature.

A heat engine would have 100 percent efficiency if its input reservoir were A) 100 times hotter than the exhaust sink. B) 1000 times hotter than the exhaust sink. C) 100 times cooler than the exhaust sink. D) any finite temperature if the exhaust sink were at absolute zero. E) at any finite temperature regardless of the heat sink temperature.

E) at any finite temperature regardless of the heat sink temperature.

An electron is shot through a spot somewhere between the ends of a horseshoe magnet. The electron A) is unaffected by the field. B) is attracted to one of the poles, and repelled by the other. C) is repelled by both poles, and therefore is turned back. D) speed is increased. E) direction is changed.

E) direction is changed. Practice test 22-25

A paint pigment that absorbs red light and gives off blue light A) is fluorescent. B) is phosphorescent. C) is used in lasers. D) is polarized. E) doesn't exist.

E) doesn't exist. Test 26 - 30

When we say an appliance "uses up electricity," we really are saying that A) current disappears. B) electric charges are dissipated. C) the main power supply voltage is lowered. D) electrons are removed from the circuit and placed elsewhere. E) electron kinetic energy is changed into heat.

E) electron kinetic energy is changed into heat. Test 22-25

Iridescent colors seen in the pearly luster of an abalone shell are due to A) refraction. B) diffraction. C) dispersion. D) polarization. E) interference.

E) interference. Homework Chapter 29

Newton's rings are a demonstration of A) refraction. B) reflection. C) dispersion. D) polarization. E) interference.

E) interference. Practice Test 26 - 30

Entropy measures A) temperature at constant pressure. B) temperature at constant volume. C) temperature as pressure increases. D) temperature as volume increases. E) messiness.

E) messiness.

Double the frequency of sound and you also double its A) wavelength. B) speed. C) amplitude. D) all of these E) none of these

E) none of these Practice test 19-21

After a capacitor is fully charged, the total number of electrons it contains A) is slightly greater. B) is much greater. C) is slightly less. D) is much less. E) remains unchanged.

E) remains unchanged. Practice test 22-25

Chromatic aberration is a consequence of different colors in a lens having different A) aberrations. B) frequencies. C) energies. D) critical angles. E) speeds.

E) speeds. Test 26 - 30

Light refracts when traveling from air into glass because light A) has greater intensity in air than in glass. B) has greater intensity in glass than in air. C) has greater frequency in air than in glass. D) has greater frequency in glass than in air. E) travels slower in glass than in air.

E) travels slower in glass than in air. Practice Test 26 - 30

Consider a closed, sealed can of air placed on a hot stove. The contained air undergoes an increase in A) mass B) pressure C) temperature D) all of these E) two of these. . Consider a metal ring with a gap cut in it. When the ring is heated, the gap A) becomes narrower B) becomes wider C) retains its size B) becomes wider

E) two of these

If the radiation curve for an incandescent object peaks in the green region, the object would appear A) red. B) yellow. C) green. D) blue. E) white.

E) white Homework Chapter 30

2nd law of thermodynamics

Entropy is closely related to the

Every equation in physics reminds us of a lesson: we can never change only one thing. When we change the composition of the atmosphere we likely also change

Earth's climate. its average temperature. its transparency. its reflectivity

In 1 word, what is it that moves from source to receiver in wave motion?

Energy.

A 100% efficient engine would produce no increase in

Entropy

How does the ideal efficiency of an automobile relate to the temperature of the engine and the temperature of the environment in which it operates? Be specific.

Ideal efficiency proves an upper limit to all heat engines. Friction is always present in all engines, and efficiency is always less than ideal. Only some of the heat can be converted to work, even if the environment conditions are ideal. Heat is expelled to the environment via the cooling system and exhaust.

False

If all the friction could be eliminated in a heat engine, its efficiency would be 100% (T or F)

wet

If bits of the coals do not stick to your feet while walking barefoot on red-hot coals, it would be best if your feet are

Why does it make sense that the mass of a bob in a simple pendulum doesn't affect the frequency of the pendulum?

If objects are dropped from a building the force of gravity pulls them down at the same rate regardless of mass-- the same idea holds for a pendulum since gravity in the restoring force.

condensation occurs in its coils

In a heat pump, warming is accomplished when

What could be done to this pendulum to decrease its period from 1.5 s to 1.0 s?

Increase it and make the pendulum shorter

If an object radiates more energy than it absorbs, its thermal energy and temperature

Increases

When a closed tin is heated, the pressure inside it ________ because molecules move _________ and hit the tin walls more often

Increases; faster

Does a good insulator prevent heat from escaping or slow its passage?

Insulators slow the passage of heat.

Does a hot object contain internal energy or does it contain heat?

Internal energy

If the speed of a wave doubles while the frequency remains the same, what happens to the wavelength?

It doubles.

If the speed of a wave doubles while the wavelength remains the same, what happens to the frequency?

It doubles.

What determines whether an object is a net absorber or a net emitter of radiant energy at a given time?

It is determined by the temperature of the object relative to its surroundings. Hotter objects are net emitters.

The discovery of electromagnetic induction is credited to

Joseph Henry in America. Michael Faraday in England

Heat energy is measured in units of

Joules, cals, Cals, BTUs

A temperature difference of 10 Celsius degrees is also equal to a temperature difference of 10 on the

Kelvin scale.

Is the study of thermodynamics concerned primarily with microscopic processes or with macroscopic ones? Why?

Macroscopic, because atoms were unknown at the time thermodynamics was created. "early workers had only vague notions of atoms, and knew nothing of elections and other microscopic particles; their models invoked macroscopic notions: mechanical work, pressure, temperature."

exactly 100N

Magnet A has twice the magnetic field strength of magnet B and at certain distance pulls on magnet b with a force of 100N. the amount of force that magnet A exerts on magnet B is

Electromagnetic induction occurs in a coil when there is a change in

Magnetic field intensity in the coil

Compare and contrast magnetic poles and electric charges

Magnetic poles, like electric charges, repel opposites (N+S) or (E- and P+). They are different, however, in the respect that magnetic poles always come in pairs, whereas you can find a lone electric charge.

magnet A has twice the magnetic field strength of magnet B (at equal distance) and, at a certain distance, it pulls on magnet B with a force of 50 N. with how much force, then, does magnet B pull on magnet A.

Magnets A and B are pulling equally on each other (newtons third law). if A pulls on B with 50 Newtons, then B also pulls on A with 50 newtons.

A wire that carries an electric current?

May be electrically charged

Heat engines convert thermal energy into

Mechanical energy

cool the surrounding air

Melting snow tends to

Thermal energy all goes to making/breaking bonds, between atoms, no change in temperature

Melting, freezing, vaporization, condensation

If you touch the metal sides in an oven with your bare hand, you're in trouble. But hold your hand briefly in the oven air and you're okay. What does this tell you about the relative conductivities of metal and air?

Metal is a good conductor of heat, whereas air is a terrible conductor of heat.

Compared to other substances, substances with a high specific heat will cool

More slowly

Voltage can be induced in a wire by

Moving the wire near the magnet,moving magnet near wire, and changing the current in nearby wire

With respect to orderly and disorderly states, what do natural systems tend to do? Can a disorderly state ever transform into an orderly state? Explain.

Natural systems tend to go from order to disorder unless work is done on them to bring order out of disorder. *Open lid of bottle; molecules escape and disorder; will not order back into bottle!

Increase the pressure in a container of oxygen gas while keeping the temperature constant and you increase the

Neither choice A or choice B is true.

Since all objects emit energy to their surroundings, why don't the temperatures of all objects continuously decrease?

Objects that are good emitters are equally good absorbers, so they absorb radiation as well as emit it.

Coulomb's law is most similar to which of these laws?

Newton's law of gravity

Ceiling fans can make you feel cooler in a warm room. Do ceiling fans reduce room temperature?

What condition is necessary for a process to be adiabatic?

No heat enters or leaves the system. "impassable" thermally insulate the system

What is the third law of thermodynamics?

No system can have its absolute temperature reduced to zero.

Do the 2 terms wave speed and wave frequency refer to the same thing? Defend your answer.

No, speed is how fast the wave propagates along the string ( or through the medium) where frequency refers to the number of oscillations per second.

Can an object be both a good absorber and a good reflector at the same time?

No. A good absorber reflects very little light.

49) A wire moving at right angles to a magnetic field has NO induced voltage A) if it is moving slowly B) if it is moving very fast C) if the wire is covered with insulation D) if it is made of copper E) None of the above choices are correct

None of the above choices are correct

The net charge on a charged capacitor depends on... the distance between the capacitor plates. the area of the capacitor plates. the medium between the capacitor plates. All of the above choices are correct.

None of the above choices are correct - the net charge is zero.

A highly charged child's balloon is not dangerous because

None of the above choices are correct.

A highly charged child's balloon is not dangerous because... its outside surface is positively charged. the potential difference between the balloon and the child's hand is very small. rubber is not a good conductor of electricity.

None of the above choices are correct.

The electric field around an isolated electron has a certain strength 1 cm from the electron. The electric field strength 2 cm from the electron is... half as much. twice as much. the same. four times as much.

None of the above choices are correct.

The electric field inside the dome of a Van de Graaff generator

None of the above choices are correct.

The electric field inside the dome of a Van de Graaff generator... depends on the volume of the dome depends on the amount of charge the outside of dome. Choices A and B are both correct.

None of the above choices are correct.

The electric field inside the dome of a Van de Graaff generator

None of the above choices are correct..

When voltage is stepped up in a transformer, current is stepped down. But Ohm's law tells us that greater voltage means greater current, not less current. How then can current be lower when voltage is increased?

Ohm's law applies to the circuit connected to the secondary, not to the transformer. Current in the secondary is lower when compared to the greater current drawn by the primary

Does the period of a pendulum depend on the mass of the bob? On the length of the string?

On the length but not the mass.

What is the frequency of the second hand of a clock? The minute hand? The hour?

One per minute, one per hour, two per day.

In what direction are the vibrations relative to the direction of wave travel in a longitudinal wave?

Parallel.

Describe the relationship between frequency and period of a wave?

Period (seconds/cycle) Frequency (cycles/second)

In what direction are the vibrations relative to the direction of wave travel in a transverse wave?

Perpendicular.

A high frequency sound source produces a high

Pitch

A substance melts when the _________ of its atoms or molecules is increased

Potential energy

Earth loses heat to outer space mainly by

Radiation

Heat transfer through electromagnetic waves

Radiation

Heat travels in a vacuum by

Radiation

The silver coating on the glass surface of a thermos bottle reduces energy transferred by

Radiation

In choosing between sound waves and radio waves, which has the greater speed?

Radio wave

the formation of ice

Rapid evaporation of hot water can lead to

Energy transfer by convection is usually not found in

Solids

What is the source of all waves?

Something that is vibrating

The heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 kg of a substance to 1 K

Specific heat

The explanation for refraction must involve a change in

Speed

What is the relationship among frequency, wavelength, and wave speed?

Speed is the wave length times the frequency.

Sound travels fastest in

Steel and ice

large tubs of water

Stored potatoes, beets, and rutabagas in an unheated well-insulated room can be protected from freezing by having in the room

What is the ultimate source of energy in coal, oil, and wood? Why do we call energy from wood renewable but energy from coal and oil nonrenewable?

Sunlight is the ultimate source of energy in coal, oil and wood. However, the energy in wood is renewable relatively quickly by new growth, while coal and oil's energy is from the Sun of many years ago.

The wavelength of a transverse wave is the distance between successive crests (troughs). What is the wavelength of a longitudinal wave?

The distance between successive compressions ( or rarefactions).

Wavelength is...?

The distance from peak to peak (i.e. measured along the direction of propagation).

Amplitude is...?

The distance from the equilibrium position to the peak (i.e. measure perpendicular to the wave motion.)

The primary source of electrons in an ordinary circuit unit is?

The electrical circuit itself

If we assume the gas does not condense to a liquid, what volume is approached for a gas at 0°C if it is cooled by 273°C?

The gas will contract to a zero volume by this rule. Clearly cannot have a substance with zero volume!

greater the efficiency

The greater the difference in temperature between the input reservoir and output reservoir for a heat engine the

What is the relationship among heat added to a system, a change in the system's internal energy, and external work done by the system?

The heat added to a system is equal to the change in internal energy plus the external work done by the system.

Could you cool a kitchen by leaving the refrigerator door open and closing the kitchen door and windows? Explain.

The heat flow will be from the warmer kitchen air to the cooler refrigerator.

The induced voltage in a coil is proportional to the number of loops, multiplied by the rate at which the magnetic field changes within those loops. 96. Whose law is written above? a. Einstein's special theory of relativity b. Ampere's Law c. Electromagnetic Induction Law d. Faraday's Law e. Henry's Law

What type of field causes the electrons to do what they do in the wire? a) electric field b) electric and magnetic fields c) magnetic field

The least energy required to produce forced vibration in an object occurs

Does the period of a pendulum depend on the mass of the bobber the length of the string or both?

The length of the string

What is a node?

The location on a standing wave where the string doesn't move.

Which has the longer period, a short pendulum or a long pendulum?

The longer the pendulum the longer the period.

temperature

The most responsible factor for whether a substance takes the phase of solid, liquid, gas, or plasma is its

How does the peak frequency of radiant energy relate to the absolute temperature of the radiating source?

The peak frequency increases as temperature increases.

If we double the frequency of a vibrating object of the wave it produces, what happens to the period?

The period is half.

Which will undergo the greater rate of cooling: a red-hot poker in a warm oven or a red-hot poker in a cold room (or do both cool at the same rate)?

The poker in the cold room cools fastest.

When air is quickly compressed, why does its temperature increase?

The pressure is increased, thus air temperature increases as per the 1st Law and meteorology: Air temperature rises as heat is added or as pressure is increased.

A refrigerator moves heat from cold to warm. Why does this not violate the second law of thermodynamics?

The refrigerator uses a pump to move a fluid around, compress and evaporate the fluid, causing it to absorb and release heat. The cooling of the interior of a refrigerator does not violate the laws of thermodynamics because work has to be input to the system in order to run the compressor that helps pump the heat out of the refrigerator.In each instance where there is heat transfer, the heat moves from the warmer to the colder part of the system - in keeping with the second law. Also, the 2nd Law can have exceptions.

two lamps, one with a thick filament and one with a thin filament, are connected in parallel to a battery voltage is?

The same in both lamps

two lamps, one with a thick filament and one with a thin filament, are connected in series. The current is?

The same in each lamp

How does the second law of thermodynamics relate to heat engines?

The second law expresses the *maximum* efficiency of a heat engine in terms of hot and cold temperatures. When work is done by a heat engine operating between two temperatures, *T*(hot) and *T*(cold), only some of the input heat at *T*(hot) can be converted to work, while the rest is expelled at *T*(cold). "All systems tend to become more and more disordered as time goes by."

When two lamps are connected in series to a battery, the electrical resistance that the battery senses is a) more than the resistance of either lamp b) less than the resistance of either lamp c) none of these

Total energy of molecules in a substance

Thermal energy

Is the principal concern in the study of thermodynamics the amount of internal energy in a system or the changes in internal energy in a substance? Why?

Thermodynamics concerns *changes* in internal energy from a substance, because measuring the amount can be complex. Indicated by changes in temperature. Internal energy is the total E (KE+PE) of submicroscopic particles that make up a substance.

What is the origin and meaning of the word thermodynamics?

Thermodynamics is from the Greek root meaning movement of heat. "The study of heat and its transformation into different forms of energy." Coined by Lord Kelvin

How is heat similar to and different from internal energy?

They are both forms of energy, but heat flows, whereas internal energy does not.

How does the frequency of vibration of a small object floating in water compare to the number of waves passing it each second?

They are the same

A heavy person & a light person swing to and fro on swings of the same length. Who has the longer period?

They have the same period since period doesn't depend on mass.

A piano is louder than a harp because of its

Thicker strings, sounding board, and lower pitch

Violinists sometimes bow the string to produce maximum vibration (antinodes) at one-quarter and three quarters of the string length rather than at the middle of the string. Then the string virates with a wavelength equal to the string length rather than twice the string length. What is the effect on the frequency when this occurs?

This puts a node in the middle of the string--so you have a 2nd harmonic with a frequency twice as high as the fundamental.

100 calories

To increase the temperature of 50 grams of water by 2 Celsius degrees requires

Why is the condensation part of the cycle in a steam turbine so essential?

To prevent the backward push on the turbine blades by exhaust gasses Without condensation (pressure), counterproductive

Wave interference occurs in

Transverse and longitudinal waves

If a volume of air has a temperature of 0 degrees Celsius, an equal volume of air that is twice as hot has a temperature of about 273 degrees C.

True

It is possible to totally convert a given amount of mechanical energy into heat.

True

If a magnet is pushed into a coil, voltage is induced across the coil. If the same manger is pushed into a coil with twice the number if loops

Twice as much voltage is induced

What is the zeroth law of thermodynamics?

Two systems in thermal equilibrium with a third system are in equilibrium with each other. So named after 1, 2, 3rd laws named.

What exactly is thermal pollution?

Undesirable discarded heat *expelled heat from oven on a hot summer day= undesirable *expelled heat from laundry on a cold winter day= desirable

Which type of change requires more energy for the same substance?

Vaporization

It takes more energy to

Vaporize

Long ago a runaway greenhouse effect transformed the planet

Venus

The source of energy sound is something that is

Vibrating

Red light has a longer wavelength than violet light. Which has the greater frequency?

Violet light-has shorter wavelength with higher frequency

The primary of a transformer connected to 200 V has 100 turns. The secondary has 10 turns. This is a step-down transformer

Vout= Nprimary/ Vin (N secondary) 20V= 160turns/200V(10turns)

applying heat & reducing air pressure on its surface

Water can be brought to a boil by

How does the specific heat capacity of water compare with the specific heat capacities of other common materials?

Water has a higher specific heat capacity than most common materials.

Interference is a property of

Water sound and light waves

Two waves with the same wavelength are moving to the right. Wave 1 is moving faster than wave 2. Which wave has a higher frequency?

Wave 1

a capacitor is used to store a) both charge and energy b) energy c) charge d) neither charge nor energy

an electron and a proton a) attract each other b) neither attract nor repel each other c) repel each other

more than 20V

a 10 ohm resistor has 5A current in it. what is the voltage across the resistor?

93%

What is the ideal efficiency of an automobile engine in which fuel is heated to 2900K and the outdoor air is 210K

What is meant by the superposition principle?

When 2 waves overlap, the new amplitude is the sum of the individual amplitudes.

What is a temperature inversion?

When higher elevations in the atmosphere are warmer than lower elevations. Usually higher elevations are cooler than lower elevations. *mountains vs valley weather!

absorbed by the vapor

When vapor transforms to a plasma, energy must be

warmed

When water freezes, the surrounding air is

Why does all the water in a lake have to be cooled to 4°C before the surface water can be cooled below 4°C?

When water is cooled to 4°C, it sinks and deeper, warmer, water rises to the surface.

warmer

When water vapor changes phase to become water in a cloud, the surroundings become

the condensation of 1 gram of steam at 100°C to water at 100°C

Which involves a larger number of calories?

Sound will be louder if a struck tuning fork is held

With its base against a tabletop

In an engine, the difference between the heat put in and the heat discharged will appear as

Work

The total increase in thermal energy of a system is the heat added to it minus the _____ done by it

Work

will a pair of parallel current carrying wires exert forces on each other?

Yes each will experience a force because each is in the magnetic field generated by the other. interestingly, currents in the same direction attract and currents in opposite directions repel.

Alternating current is normally produced by a a) generator b) battery c) both of these d) neither of these

As more lamps are put into a series circuit, the overall current in the power source a) decreases b) stays the same c) increases

How does the current change if you increase the resistance, keeping the voltage difference the same? a) the current decrease b) the current increase c) the current stays the same

In the unlikely case of a lightning strike, it is worse to be inside a building framed with a) wood b) aluminum c) iron d) steel

Of what physical quantity is Hertz a unit of? a) number of times per second that the electrons move back and forth in the wire b) time taken by electrons as they travel down the wire c) speed at which the electrons travel down the wire

Stretch a copper wire so that it is thinner and the resistance between its ends a) increases b) decreases c) remains unchanged

Strip electrons from an atom and the atom becomes a a) positive ion b) different element c) negative ion d) molecule

Two charged particles attract each other with a force F. If the charges of both particles are doubled, and the distance between them also doubled, then the force of attraction will be a) F b) F/4 c) F/2 d) 2 F e) none of these

Two charges separated by one meter exert 1-N forces on each other. If the charges are pushed to 1/4 meter separation, the force on each charge will be a) 16 N b) 1 N c) 4 N d) 2 N e) 8 N

Two lamps, one with a thick filament and one with a thin filament, are connected in series. The current is a) the same in each lamp b) greater in the lamp with the thick filament c) greater in the lamp with the think filament

why will a magnet attract an ordinary nail or paper clip but not a wooden pencil?

a magnet will induce the magnetic domains of a nail or paper clip into alignment. opposite poles in the magnet and the iron object are then closest to each other and attraction resutls. a wooden pencil, does not have magnetic domains that will interact with a magnet

what is a magnetic domain?

a magnetic domain is a culster of aligned atoms

repel or attract

a main difference between gravitational and electric forces is that electrical forces

0.5 HZ

a mass on the end of a spring bobs up and down 1 complete cycle every 2s. its frequency is

A good heat conductor is

a poor insulator

protons than electrons

a positive ion has more

it is not acted on by any horizontal forces

a projectile is fired horizontally in a region of no air resistance. the projectile maintains its horizontal component of speed because

rise and fall back to earths surface

a projectile is fired vertically from the surface of earth at 8 km/s. the projectile will

50 m/s

a projectile is launched vertically at 50 m/s. if air resistance is negligible it speed upon returning to its starting point is

100 /.s

a projectile shot with an initial velocity of 141 m/s at an angle of 45 degrees follows a parabolic path and hits a stationary balloon at the top of its trajectory. the speed it hits the ballon is

all of the above.

a substance can absorb heat energy by the process of

buy at a high altitude and sell at a low altitude

a supplier wants to make a profit by buying a metal by weight at one altitude and selling it at the same price per pound at another altitude. the supplier should

warmer than the lower regions of air

a temperature inversion occurs when the upper layers of air are

An electric field is basically _______.

a vector quantity

When a change occurs in the magnetic field in a closed loop of wire

a voltage is induced in the wire. electromagnetic induction occurs. a current is created in the loop of wire

the paper cup cannot become appreciably hotter than the water it contains

a water filled paper cup held in a flame will not catch fire this is because

0.5 HZ

a weight on an end of a spring bobs up and down one complete cycle every 2s. its frequency is

What is meant by a system?

a well-defined group of atoms or objects, molecules, particles. ex.) body of a living creature, steam in a steam engine, Earth's atmosphere

The air in your room is composed of molecules that have

a wide variety of speeds.

100 N

a woman who normally weighs 400N stands on top of a very tall ladder so she is one earth radius above earths surgace. how much would she weigh there?

a. If a pendulum is shortened does the frequency increase or decrease? b. If the pendulum is shortened, what happens to the period?

a. Increased b. its time period will decrease

Superconductors are noted for their

absence of electric resistance

Superconductors are noted for their

absence of electric resistance.

Objects that radiate relatively well

absorb radiation relatively well.

Objects that radiate relatively well,

absorb radiation relatively well.

Objects that radiate relatively well

absorbs radiation relatively well

The current produced by a common generator is

The principal advantage of ac power over dc power is that

ac voltage can be transformed via conventional transformers

If two negative charges are held close together and then released, the charges will do what?

accelerate away from each other

A friend says that changing electric and magnetic fields underlie the production of light

agree with friend

Three resistors, 1-ohm, 2-ohm, and 3- ohm are connected in parallel. If they were connected in series instead their equivalent resistance would be a) 7 times as great b) 11 times as great c) 9 times as great d) 13 times as great e) none of the above

Two lamps, one with a thick filament and one with a thin filament of the same material, are connected in series to a battery. The voltage is a) greater across the lamp with the thick filament b) greater across the lamp with the thin filament c) the same for both lamps

What factors does the resistance offered by a piece of conductor depend upon? a) only the geometry of the conductor b) both the geometry and the material of the conductor c) material of the conductor d) neither the geometry nor the material of the conductor

To say that electric charge is conserved is to say that electric charge

can be neither created nor destroyed.

41) Transformers use ac so there will be the required A) voltage for transformation B) magnetic field intensities C) change in magnetic field for operation D) change in input current E) transfer of energy from coil to coil

change in magnetic field for operation

Transformers use AC so there will be the required

change in magnetic field for operation

In an ac circuit, the electric field

changes magnitude and direction with time.

an electrical diode is useful for?

changing AC to DC

An electrical diode is useful for

changing ac to dc

Voltage can be induced in a wire by

changing the current in a nearby wire. moving the wire near a magnet. moving a magnet near the wire.

which statement is correct?

charge flows in a closed circuit

What is the law of conservation of charge?

charges cannot be created, nor destroyed when they interact together, but must remain the same

and an AC circuit, the electric field?

charges magnitude and direction with time

Two charged particles held close to each other are released. As the particles move, the velocity of each increases. Therefore, the particles have what charges?

charges that cannot be determined

10) Magnetic field lines about a current-carrying wire A) circle the wire in closed loops B) extend radially from the wire C) Choices A and B are both correct D) None of the above choices are correct

circle the wire in closed loops

Magnetic field lines about a current-carrying wire

circle the wire in closed loops.

Electrical forces between charges are strongest when the charges are located where?

close together

magnetic domains

clustered regions of aligned magnetic atoms. when these regions themselves are aligned with one another, the substance containing them is a magnet

A step-up transformer steps up voltage by ten times. Neglecting slight losses, if 100 W of power go into the primary coil, the power coming from the secondary coil is

coils get same power 100w

A red-hot piece of coal will cool quicker in a

cold room.

higher temperature, but less thermal energy

compared to a giant iceberg, a hot cup of coffee has

less resistance

compared to the resistance of two resistors connected in series, the same two resistors connected in parallel have

the same direction in a wave

compressions and rarefications normally travel in

In a 110-volt circuit containing a lamp in series with the voltage source a) 110 joules of energy are shared among all the coulombs in the circuit at any instant. b) 110 joules of energy are converted to heat and light in the circuit every second. c) 110 coulombs of charge flow through the lamp every second. d) 110 joules of energy are given up by each coulomb of charge making up the current in the circuit. e) none of the above

In a common dc circuit, electrons move at speeds of a) the speed of light b) the speed of a sound wave c) many centimeters per second d) a fraction of a centimeter per second e) none of these

The source of electrons lighting an incandescent ac light bulb is a) the power company b) the wire leading to the lamp c) electrical outlet d) atoms in the light bulb filament e) the source voltage

The unit of electric charge, the coulomb, is the charge on a) a specific number of neutrons b) one electron c) a neutron d) a specific large number of electrons e) a quark

What does the power company provide to our homes? a) it provides neither electrons nor the energy to move the electrons b) it provides electrons that travel through the wire c) it provides electrons and the energy to move the electrons d) it provides energy to move the electrons

When a light switch is turned on in a dc circuit, the average speed of electrons in the lamp is a) dependent on how quickly each electron bumps into the next electron b) the speed of sound waves in metal c) 1000 cm/s d) less than 1 cm/s e) the speed of light

the speed of sound in dry air at 20 degrees celsuis is 340 m/s. How far away is a drummer when you notice a 2 second delay between seeing him strike the drum and hearing the drumbeat

d=340*2 =680m

When a volume of air expands against the environment and no heat enters or leaves, the air temperature will

decrease

As more lamps are put into a series circuit, the overall current in the power source

decreases

How about the wavelength reaching your ear?

decreases

If a pizza radiates more energy than it absorbs, its temperature

decreases

If the temperature of a sample of water at 0°C is slightly increased, its volume

decreases

When air rapidly expands, its temperature normally...

decreases

as more lamps are put into a series circuit, the overall current in the power source?

decreases

Warm air rises because faster-moving molecules tend to move to regions of less

density and less pressure

The principle difference between a step-up and step-down transformer is

different ratios of turns of wire for each.

15) An electron is shot through a spot somewhere between the ends of a horseshoe magnet. The electron A) speed is increased B) is attracted to one of the poles, and repelled by the other C) is unaffected by the field D) is repelled by both poles, and therefore is turned back E) direction is changed

direction is changed

What condition must exist between two points in a conductor in order to maintain a flow of charge? a) a steady magnetic field b) a high resistance c) a switch connected in series d) all of the above e) none of the above

mass of the building attracts us upward slightly

each of us weighs a tiny bit less inside the ground floor of a sky scraper than we do on the ground away from the skyscraper. the reason for this is the

Two charged particles held close to each other are released. As the particles move, the velocity of each increases. Therefore, their charges have

either the same or opposite signs.

The charge distribution in some molecules is permanently separated into positive and negative regions. Such molecules are called what?

electric dipoles

Every proton in the universe is surrounded by its own

electric field and gravitational field.

A volt is a unit of what?

electric potential

Which force binds atoms together to form molecules?

electrical

Electric potential is defined as what?

electrical potential energy of a charge divided by the quantity of the charge

42) A device that transforms mechanical energy into electrical energy is a A) motor B) generator C) transformer D) magnet E) none of these

generator

A device that transforms mechanical energy into electrical energy is a

generator

Alternating current is normally produced by a

generator

alternating current is normally produced by a?

generator

match its natural frequencies

glass is opaque to light with wave frequencies that

A good absorber of radiation is a..

good emitter of radiation

A good absorber of radiation is a

good emitter of radiation.

A good absorber of radiation is a

good emitter or radiation.

why are the magnetic fields of superconducting magnets often stronger than those of conventional magnets

greater electron flow produces greater magnetic field strength

The greater the difference in temperature between the input reservoir and output reservoir for a heat engine, the

greater the efficiency

What type of gas absorbs and re-emits infrared radiation?

greenhouse gases

3) If a compass is moved from the northern hemisphere to the southern hemisphere, its magnetic needle will change direction A) depending on where the measurement is taken B) by 180 degrees C) hardly at all D) by 90 degrees E) none of these

hardly at all

The reason the sun's radiant energy is of shorter wavelengths than the Earth's is because the sun

has a higher temperature than the Earth

The reason the sun's radiant energy is of shorter wavelengths than the Earth's is because the sun

has a higher temperature than the Earth.

The reason the sun's radiant energy is of shorter wavelengths than the Earth's is because the sun...

has a higher temperature than the Earth.

If you thrust a magnet into a closed loop of wire, the loop will

have a current

An adiabatic process is characterized by the absence of

heat exchange

How can you make sound travel faster through air

heat up air

A bridge is more likely to be ice covered than the roadway on a cold day because

heat upwelling from the ground below is absent on a bridge.

False

if the internal energy of a volume of air at 10 C is doubled, its temperature will then be 20 C (T or F)

increase also

if the mass of earth somehow increased with no change in radius your weight would

two charged particles are projected into a magnetic field that is perpendicular to their velocities. if the particles are deflected in opposite directions, what does this tell you about them?

if the particles enter the field moving int he same direction and are deflected in opposite directions (say, one left and one right) the charges must be of opposite sign.

both A and B ( the pull of earth on the sun would double)( its pull on earth would double

if the sun were twice as massive

larger

if you stake out a plot of land with a steel tape on a very hot day the amount of land you will have will be

what is the major similarity between a galvanometer and a simple electric motor? what is the major difference?

in both, coils are positioned in a magnetic field. a force produces rotation when current passes through the coils. the major difference is that the maximum rotation of the coil in a galvanometer is one half turn, whereas, in a motor, the coil (wrapped on an armature) rotates trough many complete turns - accomplishd by alternating the current with each half turn of the armature

110 J of energy are given to each coulomb of charge making up the current in the circuit

in the 110-V circuit shown,

When a volume of air compresses and no heat enters or leaves, the air temperature will

increase

A positive charge and a negative charge held near each other are released. As they move, the force on each particle does what?

increases

A railroad locomotive is at rest with its whistle shrieking, then starts moving toward you. Does the frequency of sound that you hear increase, decrease, or stay the same?

increases

When a volume of air is compressed, its temperature

increases

When a volume of air is compressed, its temperature..

increases

as more lamps are put into a parallel circuit, the overall current in the power source?

increases

heat a copper wire and it's electric resistance?

increases

stretch a copper wire so that it is dinner in the resistance between it's Ends?

increases

If the temperature of a sample of water at 4°C is slightly increased, its volume

increases.

When a volume of air is compressed, its temperature

increases.

attract

like kinds of magnetic poles repel while unlike kinds of magnetic poles

Hydrogen and oxygen molecules in a gas sample have the same temperature. This means the hydrogen molecules, on the average, have the same

kinetic energy, but more speed.

Temperature is most closely related to molecular

kinetic energy.

Stored potatoes, beets, and rutabagas in a well-insulated but unheated room can be protected from freezing by having in the room

large tubs of water.

When we enlarge a photograph of an iron ring, the image of the hole becomes

larger

two lamps one with a thick filament and one with a thin filament of the same material, are connected in a parallel to the battery. The current is?

larger in the lamp with the thick filament

37) Compared to the primary voltage, the secondary voltage may be A) the same B) larger C) the same or smaller, but not larger D) smaller E) larger, smaller, or the same

larger, smaller, or the same

100 W lamp close brighter than a 25 W lamp. The electrical resistance of the hundred watt lamp must be?

les

A 100-Watt lamp glows brighter than a 25-Watt lamp. The electrical resistance of the 100-Watt lamp must be

less

compared to a single lamp connected to the battery, two identical it's connected in series to the same battery will carry?

less current

compared to a giant iceberg, a hot cup of coffee has?

less internal energy and higher temp

Double the absolute temperature of helium gas and the average speed of its molecules

less than doubles

If a poor absorber of radiation were a good emitter, its temperature would be...

less than its surroundings

If a poor absorber of radiation were a good emitter, its temperature would be

less than its surroundings.

Hot sand cools off faster at night than plants and vegetation. This indicates that the specific heat capacity for sand is ___________.

less than that of plants

when two lamps are connected in parallel to a battery, the electrical resistance that the battery senses is?

less than the resistance of either lamp

A 100-Watt lamp glows brighter than a 25-Watt lamp. The electrical resistance of the 100-Watt lamp must be

less.

A woman's hair stands out when she is in contact with a charged Van de Graaff generator. The reason her hair stands out is because of why?

like charges repel

Electrical potential energy is the energy a charged object has because of its what?

location

One of water's interesting thermal properties is that when heated it takes a relatively

long time in changing temperature.

a sound wave is what kind of wave

longitudinal

Charge carriers in a metal are electrons rather than protons because electrons are

loosely bound

Charge carriers in a metal are electrons rather than protons because electrons are

loosely bound.

Metals are both good heat conductors and good electrical conductors because of the

looseness of outer electrons in metal atoms.

Metals are both good heat conductors and good electrical conductors because of the...

looseness of outer electrons in metal atoms.

Metals are good conductors of both heat and electricity due to

looseness of outer electrons in metal atoms.

if you strike a tuning fork and hold the end of it on a table, what happens to the sound

louder

The reason you can walk barefoot on red-hot coals of wood without burning your feet mainly involves

low conductivity of the coals.

23) Power is transmitted at high voltages because the corresponding current in the wires is A) low so that overheating of the wires is minimized B) also high to deliver appreciable power to distant places C) Choices A and B are both true D) Choices A and B are both false

low so that overheating of the wires is minimized

Power is transmitted at high voltages because the corresponding current in the wires is

low so that overheating of the wires is minimized

A substance that cools down faster than others has a

low specific heat capacity.

A substance that heats up relatively quickly has a

low specific heat capacity.

One of the main reasons one can walk barefoot on red-hot coals of wood without burning the feet has to do with

low thermal conductivity of the coals

One of the main reasons one can walk barefoot on red-hot coals of wood without burning the feet has to do with

low thermal conductivity of the coals.

One of the main reasons one can walk barefoot on red-hot coals of wood without burning the feet has to do with...

low thermal conductivity of the coals.

The fact that desert sand is very hot in the day and very cold at night is evidence that the specific heat capacity of sand is relatively

low.

Due to the presence of ice crystals in nearly frozen liquid water, the density of water is

lower

a substance that heats up quickly has a what?

lower specific heat

5) The force an electron moving in a magnetic field will be the largest when its direction is A) at an angle other than 90 degrees to the magnetic field direction B) exactly opposite to the magnetic field direction C) the same as the magnetic field direction D) perpendicular to the magnetic field direction E) none of these

perpendicular to the magnetic field direction

The force on an electron moving in a magnetic field will be the largest when its direction is

perpendicular to the magnetic field direction

17) The intensity of cosmic rays bombarding the Earth's surface is largest at the A) equator B) poles C) mid-latitiudes

poles

A good reflector of radiation is a

poor absorber of radiation

A good reflector of radiation is a..

poor absorber of radiation

A good reflector of radiation is a

poor absorber of radiation.

Electrical potential energy per charge is electric what?

potential

The rate at which energy is transferred is

power

A positive ion has more

protons than electrons.

what is different about the magnetic poles of common refrigerator magnets and those of common bar magnets

refrigerator magnets have narrow strips of alternating north and south poles. these magnets are strong enough to hold sheets of paper against the door, but they have a very short range b/c the north and south poles cancel a short distance from the magnetic surface.

After a capacitor is fully charged, the total number of electrons it contains

remains unchanged

Two like charges do what?

repel each other

A main difference between gravitational and electric forces is that electrical forces

repel or attract.

26) When a bar magnet is thrust into a coil copper wire, the coil tends to A) attract the magnet as it enters B) repel the magnet as it enters C) both of these D) none of these

repel the magnet as it enters

When a bar magnet is thrust into a coil of copper wire, the coil tends to

repel the magnet as it enters

A difference between electric forces and gravitational forces is that gravitational forces are not affected by

repulsive interaction

A difference between electrical forces and gravitational forces is that electrical forces include what?

repulsive interactions

The ratio of the potential difference across a metallic conductor to the current in the conductor is known as?

resistance

The ratio of the potential difference across a metallic conductor to the current in the conductor is known as

resistance.

Suppose you are served coffee at a restaurant before you are ready to drink it. In order for it to be the hottest when you are ready for it, you should add cream...

right away

Suppose you are served coffee at a restaurant before you are ready to drink it. In order for it to be the hottest when you are ready for it, you should add cream

right away.

46) The magnetic field strength inside a current-carrying coil will be greater if the coil encloses a A) vacuum B) rod of iron C) wooden rod D) glass rod E) none of these

rod of iron

Magnetic field strength inside a current-carrying coil will be greater if the coil encloses a

rod of iron

Both black and white road surfaces absorb sunlight. At the end of a sunny day the warmer road surface will be

the black surface.

Blow on your hand with your mouth open. Then do the same with your lips puckered and you'll find

the breath from puckered lips is cooler. a difference in temperatures.

yellow-green

the brightest color emitted by the sun is

32) If the voltage produced by a generator alternates, it does so because A) the current it produces alternates B) in effect it is an ac motor in reverse C) the changing magnetic field that produces it alternates D) unlike a battery, it produces alternating current E) alterations in the mechanical energy input

the changing magnetic field that produces it alternates

Which involves the larger number of calories?

the condensation of 1 gram of steam at 100 degrees Celsius to water at 100 degrees

12A

the current through a 10 ohm resistor connected to a 120-v power supply is

a "dip needle" is a small magnet mounted on a horizontal axis so that it can swivel up or down (like a compass on its side). where on earth will a dip needle point most nearly vertically? where on earth will it point most nearly horizontally?

the dip needle will point most nearly vertically near the earths magnetic poles, where the field points toward or away from the poles. it will point most nearly horizontally near the equator.

will either pole of a magnet attract a paper clip? Explain what is happening inside the attracted paperclip.

the domains in the paper clip are induced into alignment in a manner similar to the electrical charge polarization in an insulator when a charged object is brought nearby. either pole of a magnet will induce alignment of domains in the paper clip

The primary source of electrons in an ordinary electrical circuit is

the electrical circuit itself.

30 N/C

the electrical force on a 2-c charge is a 60-N. what is the value of the electric field at the place where the charge is located?

heat is defined as

the energy that is transferred from on object to another because of a temperature difference

conservation of energy

the first law of thermodynamics is a restatement of the

electrical

the fundamental force underlying all chemical reactions

By how much does the pressure of a gas at 0°C decrease for each decrease in temperature of 1°C when the volume is held constant?

the gas pressure will decrease 1/273 of its pressure for each °C decrease, given constant volume. Suggests that the limit of coldness is -273.15°C-- absolute zero.

By how much does the volume of a gas at 0°C contract for each decrease in temperature of 1°C when the pressure is held constant?

the gas will contract 1/273 of its volume for each degree C decrease, given constant pressure. Suggests that the limit of coldness is -273.15°C-- absolute zero.

parallel

the headlights radio and defroster fan in an automobile are connected in

85%

the ideal efficiency for a heat engine operating between temperatures of 2050 K and 310 K

40%

the ideal efficiency for a heat engine operating between the temperatures of 227 degrees C and 27 degrees C is

The primary of a transformer is the coil connected to

the input power line

poles

the intensity of cosmic rays bombarding earths surface is largest at the

at its natural frequency

the least amount of energy is required to produce forced vibration in an object

A water-filled paper cup held in a flame will not catch fire. This is because

the paper cup cannot become appreciably hotter than the water it contains.

A water-filled paper cup held in a flame will not catch fire. This is because...

the paper cup cannot become appreciably hotter than the water it contains.

water-filled paper cup held in a flame will not catch fire. This is because

the paper cup cannot become appreciably hotter than the water it contains.

60s

the period of the second hand on a clock is

radiation

the planet earth loses heat mainly by

why isnt it advisable to make a horseshoe magnet from flexible material?

the poles of the magnet attract each other and cause the magnet to bend, even enough for the poles to touch if the material is flexible enough

38) The primary of a transformer is the coil connected to A) the power line B) the load C) the Internet D) none of these

the power line

the moon has a sufficient tangential speed

the reason the moon does not crash into earth is that

Compared to the huge force that attracts an iron tack to a strong magnet, the force that the tack exerts on the magnet is

the same

Particle A has twice the charge of nearby particle B. Compared to the force on Particle A, the force on Particle B is

the same

compared to the amount of electric current in the filament of the lamp, the amount of current in the connecting wire is?

the same

a simple thermostat is an application of the concept called?

thermal expansion

In a good insulator, electrons are usually what?

tightly bound in place

if you had two bars of iron - one magnetized and one unmagnetized - and no other materials at hand, how could you determine which bar was the magnet

to determine only by their interactions with each other which of two bars is a magnet, place the end of bar 1 at the midpoint of bar 2 (like making a "T"). if there is an attraction then bar 1 is the magnet. if there isnt, then bar 2 is the magnet.

its charges have been rearranged

to say that an object is electrically polarized is to say

can neither be created nor destroyed

to say that electric charge Is conserved is to say that electric charge

net charge has been created or destroyed

to say that electric charge is conserved means that no case has ever been found where

After you rub a balloon on your hair, the balloon will likely be charged how much?

to several thousand volts

We are warmed by condensation because water molecules in the air that strike our bodies

transfer some of their kinetic energy to us.

When we say charge is conserved, we mainly mean that charge can be _______.

transferred without loss, like money in a bank

A transformer transforms voltage while

transferring energy from one coil to another

Disregarding the effects of friction, a cyclist will coast farther when a lamp powered by a wheel generator is

turned off.

When a magnet is moved to and fro in a wire coil, voltage is induced. If the coil has twice as many loops, the voltage induced is

twice

29) If a magnet is pushed into a coil, voltage is induced across the coil. If the same magnet is pushed into a coil with twice the number of loops A) four times as much voltage is induced B) twice as much voltage is induced C) the same voltage is induced D) one half as much voltage is induced E) none of these

twice as much voltage is induced

0.11 N

two charges separated by 1m exert a 1-N force on each other. if the charges are pulled to a 3-m separation distance the force on each charge will be.

two charges seperated by 1m exert a 1-N force on each other. if the magnitude of each charge is doubled, the force on each charge is

2nd law of thermodynamics

two identical blocks of iron, one 10 degrees C and the other 20 degrees C, are put in contact. Suppose the cooler block cools to 5 degrees C and the warmer block warms to 25 degrees C. This would violate the

increases

two objects move toward each other because of the gravity. as the objects get closer and closer the force between them

An explosion occurs 1.7 km away. given that sound travels at 340m/s the time it takes for the sound to reach you is

v=d/t 340=1700/t = 5 s

where is it impossible for sound waves to travel?

vaccum

At the same temperature, which move with the greater speed in the air?

very light molecules

Red light has longer wavelength than violet light. Which has the greater frequency?

violet

A transformer actually transforms

voltage

An efficient step-up transformer boosts

voltage

Electric potential, unlike electric potential energy, is measured in units of _______.

volts

Chinook winds tend to

warm an environment

all of the above water waves light waves sound waves

waves interference occurs for

intake, compression, ignition, power stroke, exhaust

what are the correct actions of a 4 stroke engine in order

more than 1m

what is the wavelength of an electromagnetic wave that has a frequency of 1 HZ?

under what conditions can beats be heard from 2 tuning forks

when 2 tones of slightly distant frequencies are sounded together

less than 1 cm. s

when a light swtich is turned on in a DC circuit, the average speed of electrons in the lamp is

decreases

when a system does work and no heat is added to the system, its temperature

decrease

when a volume of air expands against the environment and no heat enters or leaves, the air temperature will

increase

when a volume of air is compressed and no heat enters or leaves, the air temperature will

we know that a compass points northward because earth is a giant magnet. will the northward pointing needle point northward when the compass is brought to the southern hemisphere.

yes. the compass aligns with earths magnetic field which extends from the magnetic pole in the southern hemisphere to the magnetic pole in the northern hemisphere.

Which body glows with electromagnetic waves?

you and your classmates the Earth the Sun

If you wish to expand the volume of a sample of water at 4°C

you cannot lower or raise the temperature

processes in which disorderly states tend toward orderly states are improbable and simply not observed

you have a jar full of marbles. When you tip the jar over, all of the marbles roll away. You would not expect the marbles to spontaneously order themselves back into the jar because

underwater

your favorite song will sound the loudest

A block of wood and a block of copper will feel neither hot nor cold to the touch when they each have

your temperature.

Most atoms normally have a net charge that is _______.

zero

Suppose a hollow metal sphere has a large negative charge on it. The electric field strength inside the sphere is what?

zero

The electric field inside an uncharged metal ball is zero. If the ball is negatively charged, the electric field inside the ball is then

zero

The electric field inside the dome of a highly charged Van de Graaff generator is _______.

zero

The net charge on a polarized molecule is normally _______.

zero

The net charge on an energized capacitor is normally _______.

zero

When a car is struck by lightning, the resulting electric field inside the car is

zero

When a car is struck by lightning, the resulting electric field inside the car is

zero.

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