Physical Science-Energy Quizes

Which statement describes the direction of spontaneous heat flow?

Heat flows from an object at high temperature to one at low temperature.

When you put ice in a drink to cool it off, what happens?

Heat is transferred from the warmer drink to the cooler ice.

Which of the following is NOT an example of heat transfer by convection?

Heat you feel when standing near a campfire.

You and your friend are walking barefoot on the beach on an extremely hot day. You feel your feet becoming very hot. What explanation would you give to your friend as to why this is happening?

I would tell my friend that our feet are hot because the DIRECT CONTACT between our feet and the hot sand.

What energy transformations take place when you eat a taco and then go for a jog around the neighborhood?

Chemical to Mechanical

Which of these BEST describes the energy transformations in a coal-fired power plant?

Chemical to Thermal to Mechanical to Electrical

When ironing clothes, the primary method of heat transfer is

Conduction

When one end of iron poker is put into the edge of a fire the other end of the poker gets hot due to what form of heat transfer?

Conduction

When mantle rocks near the radioactive core in the earth are heated, they become less dense than the cooler, upper mantle rocks. These warmer rocksS rise, while the cooler rocks sink. This movement of warmer and cooler mantle rocks creates pockets of circulation within the mantle. By what process of heat transfer is causing this to occur?

Convection

Which type of heat transfer is responsible for circulating hot and cold air in the atmosphere and causing local weather systems?

Convection

Warm air rises at the equator and cold air sinks at the poles creating O

Convection Currents

Identify the energy transformations for a wind up walking toy.

Elastic potential energy to Mechanical kinetic energy

Electrons flowing along a copper wire is an example of what type of energy?

Electrical

Which energy conversion takes place when a toaster is switched on?

Electrical energy to Thermal energy

Identify the energy transformations that take place in an electrical fan heater.

Electrical to Heat to Mechanical

Burning logs in the fire place produces heat energy. When you stand next to the fire, how is the heat energy transferred to warm you?

Radiation

You are walking on a beach and find a mystery piece of metal. You take it back to your lab and measure its mass to be 0.5 kg. In order to heat the metal 1 degree C, you must add 115 J of heat. Identify the metal with the help of the table below.

Silver

Which method of heat transfer occurs allowing the sun to heat the earth?

radiation

Brass is an alloy made from copper and zinc. A 590 g brass candlestick has an initial temperature of 98.0°C. If 21,100 J of energy is removed from the candlestick to lower its temperature to 6.8°C, what is the specific heat of brass?

0.392 J/g°C

A 15.75 g piece of iron absorbs 1086.75 joules of heat energy, and its temperature changes from 25°C to 175°C. Calculate the specific heat capacity of iron.

0.46 J/g°C

How much heat is absorbed by 60 g of copper when it is heated from 20°C to 80°C?

1,404 J

A cafeteria fork made of iron has a mass of 20 grams. How much energy is needed to increase the temperature from 25°C to 75°C? (Iron's specific heat is 0.11 J/g°C)

110 J

Mercury has one of the lowest specific heats. This fact added to its liquid state at most atmospheric temperatures makes it effective for use in thermometers. If 257 J of energy are added to 0.450 kg of mercury, the mercury's temperature will increase by 4.09 K. What is the specific heat of mercury?

139.6 J/kg-K

What energy conversions take place when you turn on a battery-powered portable radio?

Chemical to Electrical to Sound

Lithium has the highest specific heat of any pure metal. The temperature of a 25.00 g sample of lithium will increase by 7.69°C when 684.4 J of energy is added to it. What is lithium's specific heat in the unit, J/kg°C?

3560 J/kg°C

If 2 kilograms of water is to be heated from 24.0°C to 100.0°C to make a cup of tea, how much heat must be added? (Water's specific heat is 4186 J/kg°C)

640,000 J

Copper metal has a specific heat of 390 J/kg°C. Calculate the amount of heat required to raise the temperature of 22.8 g of Copper from 20°C to 875°C.

7600 J

The element radon is at the opposite end of the range, with the lowest specific heat of all naturally occurring elements. Radon's specific heat is 94 J/kg°C. If the temperature of a 0.34 kg sample of radon is to be raised by 25°C, how much energy will have to be added to the radon?

799 J

How many Joules of heat would be required to increase the temperature of 0.5 kg of aluminum by 2°C?

900 J

Which of the following is an example of kinetic energy?

A child jumping rope

Heat would best be transferred by conduction between

A stove and an aluminum pot

What is an example of an object having elastic potential energy?

A stretched spring

Which of the following best describes energy?

All of the above -It can never be created nor destroyed. -It can be transferred from one object to another or transformed into different forms. -It is the ability to cause change.

which of the following statement(s) is true regarding a pendulum as it swings back and forth?

All of the above -Kinetic energy is transformed into potential energy. -Potential energy is transformed into kinetic energy. -At the lowest part of its swing, its energy is all kinetic.

At what point in a waterfall, do the drops of water contain the most gravitational potential energy?

At the top before they start falling

If 130 Jof energy were added to 1 kg of each of the samples listed in the answer choices, which would experience the GREATEST temperature increase?

Brass

When a car burns fuel, which of the following best describes what happens to the energy of the system?

Chemical energy is transformed to mechanical energy and some heat energy.

Insulation can be found in the walls and roofs of buildings. Why is this necessary in the winter time?

It keeps heat inside the building.

Kinetic energy differs from potential energy in that

Kinetic energy is energy of a moving object, whereas potential energy is energy possessed by matter as a result of its location or structure.

Which of these BEST describes the energy transformations that occur to generate electricity from wind energy?

Mechanical Energy to Electrical Energy

Inside the sun, hydrogen atoms combine to form helium atoms. This process releases light and warmth. Which form of energy powers the sun?

Nuclear energy

What energy conversions take place in order to have energy stored in grass for cows to eat?

Nuclear to Chemical

Four metal samples, with equal masses, are heated to 200°C. Each solid is dropped into a beaker containing 200 mL of 15°C water. Which metal will cool the fastest?

Platinum

Conduction occurs more easily between solids and liquids. This is because the particles in gases are

Spread out further apart and move more rapidly.

Substance A has a large specific heat capacity (on a per gram basis), while Substance B has a smaller specific heat capacity. If the same amount of energy is put into a 100-gram block of each substance, and if both blocks were initially at the same temperature, which one will now have the higher temperature?

Substance B

Which of the following most accurately describes how an insulated lunch bag keeps your food cool?

The material prevents thermal energy outside from flowing into the bag.

What happens in the summer to metal bridges that require they be built with expansion joints?

The metal in the bridge may increase in size.

Which of the following best explains why the end of a spoon sticking out of a cup of hot water also gets hot?

The particles in the hot water collide with the particles in the spoon because of the direct contact and causes the particles in the spoon to also move faster.

You are picking out a skillet for your mother for a present. You are looking at two skillets, one with a plastic handle and one with a metal handle. Thinking just about safety, which handle should you pick and why?

The plastic handle because it is a good insulator.

Which is true about using energy?

When energy is used, it can transform to new types but can never disappear.

As water begins to boil in a kettle the hotter water at the bottom of the kettle closest to the stove begins to rise and the cooler water above sinks and warms. Why does this occur?

When particles are heated, they begin to move faster. As they move faster, they spread out becoming less dense. The lower density causes the hot particles to rise.

An example of the conversion of gravitational potential energy into kinetic energy is

a falling raindrop.

At the beach, differences in temperatures create wind which transfers heat between the land and the water. The same process is also seen in the ocean as the gulf stream carries heat from the tropics northward. Heat transfer through any fluid is known as

convection

Your television converts energy into and sound energy.

electrical, light