Physical Science Test

B

A ramp is 3 meters long and 1 meter high. Under ideal conditions, this ramp would reduce the force needed to raise an object by a factor of three. However, friction is a force that opposes motion between two surfaces that are touching. According to the chart, which kind of friction opposes motion with the greatest force? A. no friction B. static friction C. Sliding friction D. Rolling friction

D

According to the chart, between 1880 and 1980, which energy source went from supplying the largest percentage of energy to the smallest percentage? A. coal B. gas. C. oil D. wood

C

According to the diagram, which statement best describes what happens when two astronauts collide in space? A. their kinetic energy increases B. their velocity increases C. their momentum is conserved D. their potential energy increases

D

Air resistance is form of friction that makes moving object slow down. Which of these drawing shows a skier whose shape would allow him or her to move through the air with the LEAST resistance?

D

All of the following are standard component of the experimental process EXCEPT_______. A. models B. controls C. variables D. opinions

C

All of the following quantities have derived units in the SI system EXCEPT_______. A. volume B. density C. mass D. pressure

D

Convection is the transfer of energy by the motion of the heated particles in a fluid. According to this information, which statement best describes an example of convection? A. a shirt heated by an iron B. a puddle of rainwater heated by sunlight C. a dark-color car heated by sunlight D. warm air rising in the atmosphere

B

Felicia wanted to pull out a particular issue from a pile of magazines. First she tried pulling slowly, and the pile began to move. Then she tried pulling quickly, and the issue she wanted came out without the pile moving. The pile did not move when she pulled quickly because of the_________. A. smooth surface of the magazine B. inertia of the pile and friction C. large force Felicia applied D. friction between the magazines

B

If the same forces is applied to each of the balls , which one will have the LEAST acceleration A. m = 1.0 kg B. m = 7.3 kg C. m = 0.75 kg D. m = 0.5 kg

C

In a third-class lever, the effort force is applied between the fulcrum and the resistance. According to this definition, which of these is a third class lever?

B

In general, models benefit scientific investigation the most by_____. A. using derived units as measurements B. representing ideas, events, and objects C. changing experimental results D. providing descriptions of patterns in nature

B

In the diagram above, a roller coaster car starts from rest a point A and moves along the track. At which point does the roller coaster care have the greatest kinetic energy? A. A B. B C. C D. D

D

In the laboratory, chemical that you are finished working with should be _______. A. mixed together and dumped into a designated container B. returned to their original container C. poured into the sink D. disposed of as directed by your teacher

C

Instantaneous speed is the rate of motion at the instant in time. Based on this statement, a reasonable conclusion is that if an object's instantaneous speed does not change over time, then _____ A. the object is quickly speeding up B.the object is very gradually slowing down C. the object is moving at a constant speed D. the object has returned to its beginning position

D

Life science is the study of living things. According to this definition, a life scientist would most likely study ______. A. weather changes B. magnetic force of different metals C. cave formation D. cellular reproduction

B

Melissa heated a few blue crystals in a test tube. After a few minutes, she observed that the crystals had turned white and filled of water had formed on the inside of the test tube. Before Melissa conducted this experiment, she most likely_______. A. developed a theory B. developed a hypothesis C. developed a bias D. developed a scientific law

D

The best conclusion to draw from these data is that the population of the world is ______. A. decreasing B. staying about the same C. growing at a constant rate D. increasing exponentially

A

The efficiency of a machine is a measure of how much of the work put into a machine is converted to useful output work by the machine. What causes the efficiency of a machine to be always less than 100 percent? A. friction B. poor design C. limited strength of the user D. elastic limit of the parts

D

The firefighter feels the hose pushing backwards. What is the most likely cause of this? A. the hose material is very elastic B. since the hose is at rest, it tends to stay at rest C. the force entered on the water equals the mass of the water times its acceleration D. The escaping water exerts an equal and opposite force on the hose

A

The graph above represents the change in velocity of four cars over a period of 6 seconds. Which line represents the car with the greatest acceleration? A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4

D

The graph shows the length and effort force for the four inclined planes pictured above. A reasonable hypothesis based on these data is that as the length of the inclined place decreases, _______. A. the amount of work done decreases B. the mechanical advantage increases C. the effort force required decreases D. the effort force required increases

A

The graph shows the yearly cost of heating a home in the northeastern part of the US. A reasonable hypothesis based on these data is that if the insulations in the walls is thicker, then ______. A. the yearly cost of heating a home goes down B. the thickness of the ceiling insulation has no effect C. the yearly cost of heating a home does not change D. more heat will escape to the outside of the home

C

The horses on this carousel are accelerating because_______. A. the speed of the horses is constantly increasing B. the speed of the horses is constantly decreasing C. the direction of the horses' motion is constantly changing D. the travel time is different for every ride

C

The man applies a force to the box, but the box does not move. The force of friction is acting on the box to cancel the force of his push. What is the most likely cause of this friction? A. the floor is not polished to a smooth finish B. the box is too heavy for a single person to push across the floor C. the uneven surfaces of the box and the floor are sticking together D. the man is not pushing the box with enough force

B

The objects in Group A are different from the objects in Group B because only the in Group A _____. A. are electrical appliances B. have chemical potential energy C. concert electrical energy to mechanical energy D. are fossil fuels

C

The pictures show a large box being pushed in opposite directions by two men. The box changed its position in the room because ________. A. the opposing force were balanced B. the smooth floor created no friction C. the man on the left side applied more force than the main of the right side D. the man on the right side applied more force than the man on the left side

D

The specific heat of a substance is the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of the substance 1 kelvin. A reasonable hypothesis based on the data in the graph is that ________. A. water requires the least amount of energy to raise its temperature 1K B. lead rehires more energy than ice to raise its temperature 1K C. metals require more energy than nonmetals to raise their temperatures 1K D. metals require less energy than nonmetals to raise their temperatures 1K

B

The table shows an experiment used to find out how the surface of an inclined plane affects the effort force needed to move an object up the plane. Which of the following would make this a better designed experiment? A. record the temperature of the room B. use the same size resistance for each surface C. put wheels on the boxes D. record the time of day

A

The table shows the total vertical distance a free-falling body travels for each second it falls. About how far does the free-falling body travel between 4 and 5 seconds? A. 44 m B. 54 m C. 144 m D. 154 m

C

This chart would most likely be used during an experiment designed to answer which of these questions? A. Can water cool off different metals? B. Which metal reacts most with water? C. How can the specific heat of different metal be calculated? D. Is the energy contained in heated metals able to boil water?

C

To determine the boiling point of an unknown liquid, a student heats 10 mL of the liquid in a test tube and records the temperature every minute for 20 minutes. In this example, time is the ______. A. control B. dependent variable C. independent variable D. hypothesis

D

Under which heading in a table of contents would the most information about units be found? A. Dependent Variables B. History of Lord Kelvin C. Scientific Law D. Measurement Systems

D

Using a jack, Sonia is able to raise a 15,000 newton car off the ground with a force of 500 newtons. What is the mechanical advantage, or the ratio of the resistance force to the effort force, of the jack? A. 2 to 1 B. 10 to 1 C. 15 to 1 D. 30 to 1

A

What is probably being measured in the diagram above? A. speed B. engine temperature C. rate of tire wear D. gasoline mileage

B

What is the most likely reason that a carpenter might put a thin coat of oil on the blade of a saw before cutting wood? A. to soften the wood B. to reduce friction C. to stain the wood D. to waterproof the blade

B

Which of the following features should NOT be included in the scientific process? A. hypothesis formation B. experimenter bias C. observation D. theory development

A

Which process is taking place in all three pictures A. conduction B. boiling C. radiation D. insulation

B

Which pulley system would require the LEAST amount of effort to lift the weight?