Physics 1134 Test

What are the two components of a projectile's motion?

1. Horizontal 2. Vertical

Mechanics is divided into what three parts?

1. Kinetics 2. Dynamics 3. Statics

Why is Kepler's third law so helpful to astronomers?

Astronomers could calculate the distance of the planets from the sun.

Right and wrong are determined by _________ found in the Bible.

absolutes

1/2 x final velocity is the

average velocity.

Two factors that are _____ related are acceleration and force, while mass and acceleration are _____ related.

directly, inversely

Greek beliefs were based on

human reasoning.

State Kepler's First Law of Planetary Motion

Each planet moves about the sun in an elliptical orbit; the sun is at one focus of the ellipse.

A _____ accelerates from rest to _____ km/h in _____ seconds. Find the acceleration in meters per second squared.

See F(72). a = v/t where v= vf-vi. vi = 0m/sec and vf = km/h in m/s.

A rock dropped into a well is heard to splash _____ seconds later. How deep is the well to the water's surface?

See F(79). s = 0.5 x 9.81 x t where t is ( ____ seconds)^2

State Kepler's Third Law of Planetary Motion

The square of a planet's period is directly proportional to the cube of its distance from the sun.

What is dynamics?

The study of the causes for change in motion.

State Newton's Third Law of Motion

When any two bodies interact, the force exerted by the first body on the second is equal and opposite to the force exerted by the second body on the first.

A body is in free fall for ______ seconds. Calculate the final velocity, average velocity and the distance the object falls.

See F(76). Final velocity(vf) = g x t. Average velocity = 0.5 x vf Distance the object falls = average velocity x t

The two causes of projectile motion are velocity ___________ and due to gravity.

acceleration

State Kepler's Second Law of Planetary Motion

A planet sweeps out equal areas in equal intervals of time as it orbits the sun.

Velocity is a vector that has

speed and direction.

If you know the launch velocity and angle of a projectile, what three quantities can be calculated?

1. Maximum height 2. Range 3. Time of flight

List five things Galileo Galilei discovered with his telescope.

1. Mountains and craters on the moon 2. Venus has phases like the moon 3. Four large moons of Jupiter 4. Dark spots on the sun 5. Thousands of additional stars in the Milky Way

State Newton's Second Law of Motion

The acceleration of a body is directly proportional to the resultant force acting on that body and inversely proportional to the mass of the body.

The four conic sections are a circle, ellipse, hyperbola and a

parabola

Gravity between two objects is directly proportional to the ______ of their masses and inversely proportional to the _____ separating their centers of mass.

product; square of the distance

N(59)

Solve vertical and horizontal components: vv = v x sin0 and vh = v x cos0. Solve flight time = 2x vv/g. Solve range = vh x t Solve max height = 0.5 x vv x vv/g

State Newton's First Law of Motion

Every body continues in its state of rest, or of uniform motion in a straight line, unless it is compelled to change that state by forces impressed upon it.

A car brakes to a stop from ______ km/h in ____ seconds. Find the acceleration in meters per second squared.

See F(75). Same as F(72) but subtracting from 0 for negative acceleration.

What happens to the velocity of a planet as it orbits closer to the sun?

Its velocity increases.