Physics 2 test 1

a negative magnification for a mirror means that

the image is inverted and the mirror is concave

the eye can't focus when an image is closer than

the near point

converging lenses refract toward

the optical axis

minimum resolving power of a microscope is

1/2 the wavelength of light

the wavelength of the visible spectum

400-700

the scales on the butterfly wings are actually made of a transparent material with index of refractions 1.56- why does light reflect from the surface of the scales?

The scales' index of refraction is different from that of air

real images can be made with

a concave mirror or a convex lens

a converging lens creates

a real, inverted image (if the object is past the focal pt)

a virtual image cannot be formed on

a screen

light of____ colors has a maximum at the_____ of the pattern so that central maximum looks white

all; center

what causes the color of the morpho butterflies wings to change

as the angle changes, the differences in paths among light reflected from different surfaces change, resulting in constructive interference for a different color

suppose we replace the lens in the video with one that has a longer focal length to keep the image in focus how should we move the screen

away from the lens

when you look at an object in a mirror the image is

behind the mirror

Joe's eyes are focused on the tree, so the squirrel and the mountain appear out of focus. This is because the image of the squirrel is formed ______ and the image of the mountain is formed _____.

behing the fovea/ between the lens and fovea

when light hits the boundary between two different materials, it can undergo

both reflection and refraction

apertures for the diffraction studied in this chapter are

both single slit and a circle

Rayleigh's criterion for resolution

central max of diffraction pattern lies on the first dark fringe of the other

if the width of a double slit is doubled without changing the distance what happens to the width of each fringe

decrease

spacing of the other maxima____ on the wavelength, so different colors will have bright fringes_____

depends; at different places

variances by half a wave length result in

destructive lower intensity fringes

Any kind of wave spreads out after passing through a small enough gap in a barrier. This phenomenon is known as

diffraction

Joe is nearsighted, and when he puts on his glasses, he can see the mountain clearly. To adjust for his nearsightedness, his glasses must contain _____ lenses.

diverging

the eye is most relaxed when the image is very

far away( and the object is near the focal point)

hyperopia

farsightedness; light rays focus behind the retina

if the magnification of a microscope is increased then the

focal length of the object lens is decreased

____ doesn't change based on mediums, but ____ does

frequency; wavelength

what will hapen to the fring spacing if the wavelength of the light is decreased

fringe separation will decrease

what will happen to the fringe spacing if the distance to the screen is decreased

fringe spacing will decrease

what will happen to the fringe spacing if the spacing between the slits is decreased

fringe spacing will increase

as the number of slits of diffraction grating increases, the bright fringes observed on the viewing screen

get narrower

reflected ray= ________ ray and both are _____ to the surface

incident; perpendicular

With an expanded pupil diameter, what will happen to the total amount of light energy that reaches the retina

increase

if the width of a double slit is doubled without changing the distance what happens to the brightness of each fringe

increase

Joe now shifts his focus from the tree to the squirrel. To do this, the ciliary muscles in his eyes must have _____ the curvature of the lens, resulting in a(n) _______ focal length for the cornea-lens system. Note that curvature is different from radius of curvature.

increased/decreased

a magnifier makes things appear larger because

it allows you to observe an object held very close to your eye, so the image is large on your retina

light appears slower in different mediums because

it gets absorbed and reemitted in each material

if the width of a double slit is doubled without changing the distance what happens to the intensity of the bright fringes

it increases

if the diameter of a lens is reduced, what happens to the magnification produced by the lens

it is unchanged

if the width of a double slit is doubled without changing the distance what happens to the fringe spacing

it stays the same

With an expanded pupil diameter what will happen to the spread of the image on the retina

it will decrease

if you increase the diameter of a telescope

it will have the same magnification because it has the same focal length, but has more light collecting power

with a decreased spread in image size, what will happen to the intesity of the central maxima

it will increase

what can one say about the image produced by a thin lens that produces a positive magnification?

its virtual and erect

Joe first focuses his attention (and his eyes) on the tree. The focal length of the cornea-lens system in his eye must be __________ the distance between the front and back of his eye.

less than

if there is no phase change or 2 then

m= constructive and m+.5= destructive

if only one phase change occurs

m= destructive and m+.5= constructive

the closer you are to an object the

more divergent the light rays

snells law of refraction

n1sinθ1 = n2sinθ2

the magnification is greatest when the image is at the

near-point distnce and the eye has to fully accomodate

myopia

nearsightedness; light rays focus in front of the retina

the focal length of a converging lens is the distance at which

parallel light rays are focused

if the distance between the object and the focal point is reduced?

the image becomes larger

telescope has only two lenses but a

really long focal length

in a rainbow light refraction which color is on top

red-refracted the least bc has the higher frequency

a converging lens brings rays of light together at a focal point- the bending of light rays is the result of

refraction of the light through the lens

a lens produces a sharply focused inverted image on a screen- if half the screen is covered

the image is dimmed

the wave model of light is needed to explain many of the phenomena discussed in this chapter. which of the following can be understood without appealing to the wave model

sharp-edged shadows

ray is transmitted into a material with a higher index

smaller angle with the normal

Sunsets are red because

sunlight must pass through more atmosphere, and this scatters even more light at bluer wavelengths, transmitting mostly red light. and it is a longer distance/focal length

this video describes the optics of two similar systems

the camera and the eye

total internal reflection

the complete reflection that takes place within a substance when the angle of incidence of light striking the surface boundary is less than the critical angle

is the frequency of this (5.3x10^14) light wave higher, lower, or the same upon entering glass

the same

the fundamental resolution of an optical instrument is set by

the wave nature of light

the resolution of a camera or other optical system is determined by the relationship between what two scales

the wavelength and the size of the aperature

acetone is added to the wings of the morpho butterfly and the color changes- what is the property of light in acetone

the wavelength of the light is less than in air

a lens produces a sharply focused inverted image on a screen- if you remove the lens

their is no image

the color of a soap bubble is due to

thin film interference

rank in order of speed the materials - glass, air, water, diamond, vacuum

vacuum>air>water>glass>diamond