Physics & Human Affairs Test 3

When a nucleus of U-238 absorbs a neutron and becomes U-239, a beta emission, then another beta emission results in a. Th-239 b. U-235 c. Pu-239 d. Pb-206

c. Pu-239

In a fusion bomb, what initiates, or triggers, the fusion reaction? a. a sudden release of neutrons b. conventional chemical explosive, designed to implode instead of explode c. a fission explosion d. nuclear magnetic resonance e. a laser beam

c. a fission explosion

Which of the following colors has the most energy per photon? a. photons do not have any energy b. yellow c. violet d. all photons have the same amount of energy e. red

c. all photons have the same amount of energy

Radium decays into radon What type of decay is this? a. thermal decay b. beta decay c. alpha decay d. electrolytic decay

c. alpha decay

The difference between the "ground state" and an "excited state" for a hydrogen atom a. the excited state has more energy b. the atom can radiate when it is in an excited state, but not when it is in a ground state c. both of the above d. none of the above

c. both of the above

What is predictable in the double slit experiment with electrons? a. the overall pattern of where many electrons will hit the screen can be predicted b. we can predict where no electrons will hit the screen c. both of the above d. where each individual electron will hit the screen can be predicted, if you have the exact initial conditions for the electron e. all of the above

c. both of the above

Higher energy photons have a. long wavelengths b. greater speed c. higher frequency d. all of the above e. none of the above

c. higher frequency

When the nucleus of an atom emits a beta particle, the atom's atomic number a. remains unchanged b. decreases c. increases

c. increases

Deuterium and tritium are a. chemically inert b. different elements c. isotopes of hydrogen d. the same as an alpha particle

c. isotopes of hydrogen

What do we know about the strong nuclear force? a. its has a very long range b. it operates only between neutrons and between protons c. it has very short range d. it is repulsive

c. it has very short range

What is the function of moderator in a nuclear reactor? a. it absorbs neutrons b. it creates neutrons c. it slows down the neutrons d. it converts the neutron into protons

c. it slows down the neutrons

The source of energy for the Hiroshima bomb was basically the same as the source of energy for a. other chemical reactions b. the sun c. nuclear power reactors d. hydro-electric plants

c. nuclear power reactions

An electron and a baseball move at the same speed. Which has the longer de Broglie wavelength? a. the baseball b. they are the same c. the electron

c. the electron

The fusion of 6 Li and 10 N results in creation of a. 16 Ne and thermal energy is taken in b. 4 He and thermal energy and radiant energy are given off c. 4 He and thermal energy is taken in d. 16 Ne and thermal energy and radiant are given off

d. 16 Ne and thermal energy and radiant are given off

What is the daughter nucleus created when 60 Co beta decays? a. 56 Mn b. 60 Fe c. 64 Cu d. 60 Ni

d. 60 Ni

Control is maintained in a nuclear reactor by control rods that a. emit fast neutrons b. neither of these c. both of these d. absorb excess neutrons

d. absorb excess neutrons

Which of the following is a form of electromagnetic radiation and not matter? a. ultraviolet light b. steam (water vapor) c. an electric current flowing through a copper wire d. all of these answers are a form of matter e. all of these answers are a form of radiation

d. all of these answers are a form of matter

Green light emitted by excited mercury vapor corresponds to an energy transition in the mercury atom. A more energetic transition might emit a. any of these b. red light c. white light d. blue light

d. blue light

Which of the following colors has the most energy per photon? a. yellow b. all colors of light have the same energy per photon c. red d. green

d. green

The US originally started the fission bomb project because a. it wanted to threaten Russia with it after the war b. its military wanted to discover plutonium c. it thought it would need it against japan d. it was afraid that Germany was developing it

d. it was afraid that Germany was developing it

An excited atom is an atom a. with one or more chemical bonds b. with excess vibration c. with more protons than electrons d. with one or more electrons in a higher energy level

d. with one or more electrons in a higher energy level

How many neutrons are in one nucleus of 239 Pu? a. 145 b. 333 c. 239 d. 24

a. 145

About when did de Broglie publish his work on the wave theory of matter? a. 1920-1934 b. 1935-1960 c. 1900-1919 d. 1890-1899 e. 1850-1890

a. 1920-1934

Look at the figure. Which of the quantum jumps that are shown will create the photon with the lowest frequency? Will just have to look at figure on print out test.

a. E5 to E3

Who won a Nobel Prize for discovering radium? a. Marie Curie b. Willhelm Conrad Roentgen c. Henri Becquerel d. Louis de Broglie e. Albert Einstein

a. Marie Curie

In the equation E=h f, what does h stand for? a. Planck's constant b. height c. momentum d. half life

a. Planck's constant

Naturally occurring Uranium is mostly made of which isotope? a. U-238 b. U-235 c. U-234

a. U-238

Who discovered x-rays? a. Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen b. Henri Becquerel c. Louis de Broglie d. Albert Einstein e. Marie Curie

a. Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen

Choose from this list the object that has the shortest de Broglie wavelength a. a molecule of H20 b. a proton c. none of these answers has a de Broglie wavelength d. a carbon atom e. an electron

a. a molecule of H20

The major difference between phosphorescent and fluorescent materials is a. a time delay between excitation and de-excitation b. the greenish color of phosphorescence c. a difference in brightness

a. a time delay between excitation and de-excitation

Quantum theory was developed a. by Planck, Schroedinger, Einstein, de Broglie, and many other scientists b. almost in its entirety by Albert Einstein c. almost in its entirety Erwin Schroedinger d. almost in its entirety by Max Planck e. in its entirety by Planck, Schroedinger, and Einstein

a. by Planck, Schroedinger, Einstein, de Broglie, and many other scientists

Which of the following works best for fissioning a uranium nucleus? a. hit it with a neutron b. hit it with another uranium nucleus c. hit it with a proton d. heat it up to such a high temperature that collisions cause uranium nuclei to split e. hit it with an electron

a. hit it with a nuetron

There is a greater proportion of carbon-14 in a. new bones b. old bones c. the same in both

a. new bones

Using the Schrodinger equation, scientists can calculate a. probabilities b. the position of an electron c. the velocity of an electron d. all of the above

a. probabilities

Which of the following supports the theory that light is made of photons? a. the individual dots seen on a photographic plate when a photo is taken at an extremely short exposure time b. experiments that spread light out into a spectrum c. interference effects seen when light passes through two narrow openings (the double slit experiment) d. all of above e. none of the above

a. the individual dots seen on a photographic plate when a photo is taken at an extremely short exposure time

One phenomenon or experiment that supports the wave theory of matter is a. the interference pattern created by the double-slit experiment with electrons b. interference effect with light c. the photoelectric effect d. Michelson-Morley experiment e. the tiny flashes that are observed when an electron beam strikes a screen

a. the interference pattern created by the double-slit experiment with electrons

What is predictable in the double slit experiment with electrons? a. the overall pattern of where many electrons will hit the screen can be predicted b. where each individual electron will hit the screen can be predicted, if you have the exact initial conditions for the electron c. both of the above d. none of the above

a. the overall pattern of where many electrons will hit the screen can be predicted

A beta particle is a. the same as an electron b. the same as a proton c. the same as a helium nucleus d. a type of electromagnetic radiation

a. the same as an electron

Which is a responsible for holding the protons and the neutrons together in the nucleus of an atom? a. the strong nuclear force b. gravitational force c. the weak nuclear force d. centripetal force e. electromagnetic force

a. the strong nuclear force

The two nuclei that can sustain nuclear chain-reaction are a. uranium-25 and plutonium b. thorium and uranium-235 c. uranium-238 and plutonium d. thorium and plutonium e. only uranium

a. uranium-25 and plutonium

For an isotope with a half-life of one day, at the end of three days the amount that remains is a. 1/2 b. 1/8 c. none d. none of these e. 1/4

b. 1/8

Photon jumps: Which of the quantum jumps that are shown will create the photon with the lowest frequency? a. E2 to E1 b. E4 to E3 c. E5 to E2 d. E3 to E2

b. E4 to E3

Who was the first person to win two Nobel prizes? a. Albert Einstein b. Marie Curie c. Richard Feynman d. Enrico Fermi

b. Marie Curie

Which of the rays or particles generated by radioactive decay has no charge at all? a. alpha particles b. gamma rays c. all of the particles generated by radioactive decay have either a positive charge or negative charge d. beta particles

b. gamma rays

Fusion is often called "thermonuclear reaction" because a. it is a nuclear reaction that takes in more thermal energy than it creates b. high temperatures are required to force the isotopes to get close enough together to fuse c. it produces nuclear energy d. it is a process that converts thermal energy into nuclear energy

b. high temperatures are required to force the isotopes to get close enough together to fuse

The "s" in the world "laser" stands for stimulated emission. What is one difference between stimulated emission and spontaneous emission? a. in a spontaneous emission the atom emits an electron, in stimulated emission, the atom emits a photon b. in spontaneous emission the atom emits a photon in a random direction, in stimulated emission the atom emits a photon in a specified direction c. actually, there is absolutely no difference between spontaneous and stimulated emission d. in spontaneous emission the atom always emits a blue photon, in stimulated emission the atom always emits a red photon

b. in spontaneous emission the atom emits a photon in a random direction, in stimulated emission the atom emits a photon in a specified direction

Light behaves primarily as a particle when it a. travels from one place to another b. interacts with matter c. both of the above d. none of these

b. interacts

What is a supernova? a. it is the term used to explain how the sun converts hydrogen into helium b. it is an explosion of a very massive star c. it is a massive star d. it is a cluster of 10 or more stars close together

b. it is an explosion of a very massive star

What is the energy transformation that takes place when Plutonium fissions? a. nuclear energy--> chemical energy b. nuclear energy--> thermal energy+radiant energy c. elastic energy--> thermal energy+nuclear energy d. chemical energy--> thermal energy+radiant energy e. thermal energy--> radiant energy+nuclear energy

b. nuclear energy--> thermal energy + radiant energy

You use a spectroscope to compare the line spectrum of Argon to the line spectrum of Sodium. What do you observe? a. the spectra can look the same if the Argon and Sodium are at the same Temperature b. the spectrum of Argon never looks just like the spectrum of Sodium c. it is impossible to see the line spectrum of either Argon or Sodium using a spectroscope d. the spectrum of Argon always looks just like the spectrum of Sodium

b. the spectrum of argon never looks just like the spectrum of Sodium

What is the difference between 12 C and 14 C nuclei? a. they have the same number of neutrons but different numbers of protons b. they have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons c. they have the same number of protons and neutrons, but different numbers of gamma rays d. they have the same number of protons and neutrons, but different of electrons

b. they have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons

The Photoelectric Effect is important because it shows that there is something wrong with the a. particle theory of radiation b. wave theory of radiation c. particle theory of matter d. wave theory of matter

b. wave theory of radiation

How many neutrons are in one nucleus of 238 U? a. 238 b. 92 c. 146 d. 330

c. 146

The half-life of 90 Sr is 30 years. If I start with 10 grams, how much will be left after 60 years? a. 0 b. 5g c. 2.5g d. 0.5g

c. 2.5g

What is the daughter nucleus created when 232 Th alpha decays? a. 230 Rn b. 232 Pa c. 228 Ra d. 236 U

c. 228 Ra

What is the daughter nucleus created when 241 Am alpha decays? a. 241 Pu b. 245 Bk c. 237 Np d. 241 Cm

c. 237 Np

About what percentage of electricity generated in Arkansas comes from nuclear power plants? a. 9 b. 56 c. 25 d. 12 e. 6

c. 25