Physics Big 2

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The water in them contains dissolved salts and sugars

1) Stored potatoes, beets, and rutabagas freeze at temperatures below zero degrees Celsius (ratherthan at exactly zero) because A)They are good radiators of energy. B)They are good absorbers of radiant energy. C)They are very dense. D)The water in them contains dissolved salts and sugars. E)All of the the above choices are true.

from your finger to the ice

1) When you touch a cold piece of ice with your finger, energy flows A) from the ice to your finger. B) from your finger to the ice. C) actually both ways.

the energy per molecule is high, but the total energy transferred is small

10) The reason that the white-hot sparks that strike your skin from a 4th-of-July-type sparkler don't harm you is because A) the energy per molecule is very low. B) they have a low temperature. C) the energy per molecule is high, but the total energy transferred is small.

surface of bodies of water

12) Ice tends to form first at the A) surface of bodies of water. B) bottom of bodies of water. C) surface or bottom depending on the water depth.

at or about 30°C

12) Pour a liter of water at 40°C into a liter of water at 20°C and the final temperature of the two becomes A) less than 30°C. B) more than 30°C. C) at or about 30°C.

black pot

12. Hot water will cool to room temperature faster in a a. black pot. b. silver pot. c. depends more on the size of the pots than their color

black pot

13. Cold water will warm to room temperature faster in a a. black pot. b. silver pot. c. depends more on the size of the pots than their color.

decreases

14) As a piece of metal with a hole in it cools, the diameter of the hole A) increases. B) decreases. C) remains the same.

higher than its surroundings

14. An object will normally be a net radiator of energy when its temperature is a. higher than its surroundings. b. lower than its surroundings. c. neither of these

supports this common knowledge

15. It is commonly thought that a can of beverage will cool faster in the coldest part of a refrigerator. Knowledge of Newton's law of cooling a. supports this common knowledge. b. shows this common knowledge is false.

copper expands more than iron

16) When a bimetallic bar made of copper and iron strips is heated, the bar bends toward the iron strip. The reason for this is A) iron gets hotter before copper. B) copper gets hotter before iron. C) copper expands more than iron. D) iron expands more than copper. E) none of these

decreases

17) If glass expanded more than mercury, then the column of mercury in a mercury thermometer would rise when the temperature A) increases. B) decreases. C) neither of these

considerably colder

17. If air were a better conductor than it is, at nighttime the earth would be a. considerably colder. b. considerably warmer. c. not appreciably different in temperature.

the paper cup cannot become appreciably hotter than the water it contains

18. A water-filled paper cup held in a flame will not catch fire. This is because a. the inside of the paper is wet. b. water is an excellent conductor of heat. c. paper is a poor conductor of heat. d. the paper cup cannot become appreciably hotter than the water it contains.

low specific heat capacity

2) A substance that heats up relatively quickly has a A) high specific heat capacity. B) low specific heat capacity.

1000 cycles per second

2)A wave having a frequency of 1000 hertz vibrates at A)less than 1000 cycles per second. B)more than 1000 cycles per second. C)1000 cycles per second.

looseness of outer electrons in metal atoms

2. Metals are both good heat conductors and also good electrical conductors because of the a. similarity between thermal and electrical conductive properties. b. looseness of outer electrons in metal atoms. c. relatively high densities of metals. d. high elasticity of metals. e. ability of metals to transfer energy easily.

low thermal conductivity of the coals

21. One of the main reasons people can walk barefoot on red-hot coals of wood without burning their feet has to do with a. low temperature of the coals. b. low thermal conductivity of the coals. c. mind over matter techniques.

radiation

22. The silver coating on the glass surfaces of a Thermos bottle reduces energy that is transferred a. conduction. b. convection. c. radiation. d. friction. e. none of these

cools

23. If a volume of air is warmed, it expands. If a volume of air expands, it a. warms. b. cools. c. neither warms nor cools.

decreases

24) Consider a sample of water at 0 degrees C. If the temperature is slightly increased, the volume of the water A) increases. B) decreases. C) remains the same.

less than its surroundings

25. If a poor absorber of radiation were a good emitter, its temperature would be a. less than its surroundings. b. more than its surroundings. c. the same as its surroundings.

water expands when freezing

26) During a very cold winter, water pipes sometimes burst. The reason for this is A) the ground contracts when colder, pulling pipes apart. B) water expands when freezing. C) water contracts when freezing. D) the thawing process releases pressure on the pipes. E) none of these

good emitter of radiation

26. A good absorber of radiation is a a. good emitter of radiation. b. poor emitter of radiation. c. good reflector. d. none of these

poor absorber of radiation

27. A good reflector of radiation is a a. good absorber of radiation. b. good emitter of radiation. c. poor absorber of radiation. d. none of these

an igloo

28. If you were caught in freezing weather with only a candle for heat, you would be warmer in a. an igloo. b. a tent. c. a wooden house. d. a car.

stay the same

29. If molecules in a sample gas moved so they completely missed each other, the gas's temperature would a. increase. b. decrease. c. stay the same.

hydrogen

30. In a mixture of hydrogen gas, oxygen gas, and nitrogen gas, the molecules with the greatest average speed are those of a. hydrogen. b. oxygen. c. nitrogen. d. All will have the same average speed at the same temperature.

has a higher temperature than the earth

31 . The reason the Sun's radiant energy is of shorter wavelengths than the earth's is because the Sun a. has much more thermal energy. b. has a higher temperature than the earth. c. is an energy source while the earth is primarily an energy receiver. d. all of these e. none of these

kinetic energy, but more speed

32. Hydrogen and oxygen molecules in a sample gas have the same temperature. This means the hydrogen molecules, on average, have the same a. speed and the same kinetic energy. b. speed, but more kinetic energy. c. speed, but less kinetic energy. d. kinetic energy, but more speed. e. kinetic energy, but less speed.

high specific heats

33) Some molecules are able to absorb large amounts of energy in the form of internal vibrations and rotations. Materials composed of such molecules have A) low specific heats. B) high specific heats. C) none of the above

right away

33. Suppose you are served coffee at a restaurant before you are ready to drink it. In order for it to be the hottest when you are ready for it, you should add cream a. right away. b. at any time. c. when you are ready to drink the coffee.

off

34. Suppose you want to save energy and you're going to leave your warm house for a half hour on a cold day. You should turn the thermostat a. down a little. b. up a little. c. off. d. to room temperature.

off altogether

35. Suppose you want to save energy and you're going to leave your cool house for a half hour on a hot day. You should turn the temperature setting on the air conditioner a. down a little. b. up a little. c. off altogether. d. to room temperature.

radiation

36. The planet Earth loses heat mainly by a. conduction. b. convection. c. radiation. d. all of these

less than twice

37. Double the absolute temperature of helium gas, and the molecules of helium, on average, speed up by a. less than twice. b. twice. c. more than twice.

a great variety of speeds

38. The molecules in a room-temperature glass of water jostle around at a. a great variety of speeds. b. much the same rates of speed.

less than 30 degrees C

39) Place a kilogram block of iron at 40 degrees C into a kilogram of water at 20 degrees C and the final temperature of the two becomes A) less than 30 degrees C. B) at or about 30 degrees C. C) more than 30 degrees C.

warming process

39. Evaporation is a cooling process and condensation is a a. warming process. b. cooling process also. c. neither a warming nor cooling process

radiation

4)A Thermos bottle has double glass walls with silver coating on the glass surfaces that face one another. The silver coating reduces the energy that is transferred by A)convection. B)radiation. C)friction. D)conduction. E)none of these

is a better insulator than tile

4. Your. feet feel warmer on a rug than on a tile floor because the rug a. is usually warmer than tile. b. is a better insulator than tile. c. for the same mass has more thermal energy than tile. d. all of these e. none of these

becomes wider

42) Consider a metal ring with a gap cut in it. When the ring is heated, the gap A) becomes narrower. B) becomes wider. C) retains its size.

to help evaporation occur in its mouth and bronchial tract

42. A hot dog pants a. to help evaporation occur in its mouth and bronchial tract. b. to bring more oxygen into its lungs. c. for no particular reason-some things just happen. d. to impress dogs of the opposite sex.

stays the same

46. When heat is added to boiling water, the water temperature a. increases. b. decreases. c. stays the same.

fluids

5. Energy transfer by convection is primarily restricted to a. solids. b. liquids. c. gases. d. fluids. e. none of these

less than at sea level

50. When bringing water to a boil in the mountains, the time needed to reach the boiling point is a. less than at sea level. b. more than at sea level. c. the same as at sea level.

neither of these

52. Food cooked in boiling water in the mountains cooks slower than when cooked at sea level. If the temperature under the pot is increased, the food will cook a. faster. b. slower. c. neither of these

condensation of steam inside

56. Consider a steaming aluminum soda-pop can that contains a small amount of boiling water. When it is quickly inverted into a bath of cooler water, the can is dramatically crushed by atmospheric pressure. This occurs because the pressure inside the can is rapidly reduced by a. contact with the relatively cool water. b. sudden slowing of the air and steam molecules inside. c. condensation of steam inside. d. reduced thermal energy. e. rapid conduction of heat to the relatively cool water.

release energy

59. When liquids change to a solid phase, they a. absorb energy. b. release energy. c. neither absorb nor release energy.

larger

6) When an iron ring is heated, the hole becomes A) larger. B) smaller. C) neither smaller nor larger.

both of these

6. Warm air rises because faster moving molecules tend to move to regions of less a. density. b. pressure. c. both of these

100 g of steam at 100°C

60. Which would burn the most? a. 100 g of water at 100°C b. 100 g of steam at 100°C c. Both would be equally damaging.

stays the same

61 . When heat is added to boiling water, water temperature a. increases. b. decreases. c. stays the same.

wet

62. Suppose you walk on red hot coals with bare feet. Providing bits of coal do not stick to your feet, it would be best if your feet are a. wet. b. dry. c. either wet or dry-it makes no difference.

removes thermal energy from inside the refrigerator

66. A refrigerator a. produces cold. b. causes thermal energy to disappear. c. removes thermal energy from inside the refrigerator. d. changes heat into cold. e. none of these

vaporizing the refrigeration liquid

67. The cooling effect inside a refrigerator is produced by a. an electric motor that converts electrical energy into thermal energy. b. compressing the refrigeration gas into a liquid. c. vaporizing the refrigeration liquid. d. proper insulation. e. none of these

crushed

68. Ice is put in a cooler in order to cool the contents. To speed up the cooling process, the ice can be a. wrapped in newspaper. b. drained of ice water periodically. c. kept out of contact with the food. d. crushed. e. kept in circulating air currents provided by a small fire under one end of the cooler.

the condensation of 1 g of steam at 100oC to 100oC water

69. Which involves the larger number of calories? a. the condensation of 1 g of steam at 100oC to 100oC water b. the change of phase of 1 g of 100oC water to 1 g of ice at absolute zero c. both involve the same number of calories

decreases

7) As a piece of metal with a hole in it cools, the diameter of the hole A) increases. B) remains the same. C) decreases.

very light molecules

7. At the same temperature, which move with the greater speed in the air? a. very light molecules b. heavier molecules c. All will have equal average speeds.

copper expands more than iron

8) When a bimetallic bar made of copper and iron strips is heated, the bar bends toward the iron strip. The reason for this is A) copper gets hotter before iron. B) copper expands more than iron. C) iron expands more than copper. D) iron gets hotter before copper. E) none of these.

shorter the wavelengths it radiates

8. The higher the temperature of an object, the a. longer the wavelengths it radiates. b. shorter the wavelengths it radiates.

absorb radiation relatively well

9 . Objects that radiate relatively well a. absorb radiation relatively well. b. reflect radiation relatively well. c. both of these d. neither of these

Both A & C

9) Consider a closed, sealed can of air placed on a hot stove. The contained air undergoes an increase in A) pressure. B) mass. C) temperature. D) all of these. E) Both A & C

13. Magnetic field lines about a current-carrying wire A. extend radially from the wire. B. circle the wire in closed loops. C. both of these. D. neither of these.

13. The bending of light as it refracts actually a. shortens the time of travel. b. lengthens the time of travel. c. has nothing to do with the time of travel.

center of gravity

13. The long, heavy tail of a spider monkey enables the monkey to easily vary its A) weight. B) momentum. C) inertia. D) center of gravity. E) none of these

pressure of a moving fluid

13. When water is turned on in a shower, the shower curtain moves towards the water. This has to do with A. capillary action. B. surface tension. C. heat capacity. D. pressure of a moving fluid. E. none of these.

cools

13. if a volume of air is warmed, it expands. If a volume of air expands, it a. warms. b. cools. c. neither warms nor cools

14) A Mack truck and a Volkswagen traveling at the same speed have a head-on collision. The vehicle to undergo the greatest change in velocity will be the A) Volkswagen. B) Mack truck. C) both the same.

none of the above

16) The buoyant force on a rock is least when the rock is submerged a. near the surface. b. halfway to the bottom. c. near the bottom. d. all of the above. e. none of the above

60 s

16) The period of the second hand on a clock is A) 3600 s. B) 1/60 s. C) 60 s. D) 12 h. E) 1 s.

16) Transformers use ac so there will be the required A) transfer of energy from coil to coil. B) voltage for transformation. C) change in magnetic field for operation. D) change in input current. E) magnetic field intensities.

16) Two protons attract each other gravitationally and repel each other electrically. By far the greater is A) the gravitational attraction. B) the electrical repulsion. C) neither - they are the same.

more likely to freeze

18) If the specific heat of water were lower than it is, ponds in the cold of winter would be A) less likely to freeze. B) more likely to freeze. C) neither more nor less likely to freeze.

18) Pigeons navigate primarily by A) a good memory. B) a keen sense of smell. C) magnetic sensors in their heads. D) ultra-high-pitched sounds. E) none of these.

amplitude

18) Some of a wave's energy dissipates as heat. In time, this will reduce the wave's A) period. B) frequency. C) amplitude. D) wavelength. E) speed.

18) The output power of a transformer is A) greater than the input power. B) equal to the input power. C) smaller than the input power. D) ...may be any of these.

18) The speed of light in the void between molecules in glass is A) more than its speed in a vacuum. B) the same as its speed in a vacuum. C) less than its speed in a vacuum.

black tea pot

2) Cold water will warm to room temperature faster in a A) silver tea pot. B) black tea pot. C) depends more on the size of the pots than their color.

23) On some early automobiles both headlights went out when one bulb burned out. The headlights must have been connected in A)parallel. B)perpendicular. C)series. D)haste.

23) The Earth's atmosphere is transparent to most waves in the A) infrared part of the spectrum. B) visible part of the spectrum. C) ultraviolet part of the spectrum. D) entire electromagnetic spectrum.

23) The metal detectors that people walk through at airports operate via A) Ohm's law. B) Faraday's law. C) Coulomb's law. D) Newton's laws. E) civil laws.

small bell

23) The object with the higher natural frequency is a A) small bell. B) large bell.

Nothing; they're falling continuously all around the Earth

23) What prevents satellites such as a space shuttle from falling? A) gravity B) the absence of air drag C) Nothing; they're falling continuously all around the Earth.

remains the same

23) When an ice cube in a glass of water melts, the water level a. rises. b. falls. c. remains the same.

23. A difference between electric forces and gravitational forces is that electrical forces include A. separation distance. B. repulsive interactions. C. the inverse square law. D. infinite range. E. none of these.

23. Different colors are dispersed by a prism because different colors in the prism have different a. frequencies. b. speeds. c. directions. d. energies. e. none of these.

27) In an electric circuit, the safety fuse or circuit breaker is connected to the circuit in A) series. B) parallel. C) either series or parallel.

27) Metal detectors, like the ones used at airports, are activated by A) electric fields. B) magnetic fields. C) electromagnetic induction. D) alternating current.

27) One half second after starting from rest, a freely-falling object will have a speed of about A) 20 m/s. B) 10 m/s. C) 5 m/s. D) 2.5 m/s. E) none of these.

27) Particle A and Particle B interact with each other. Particle A has twice the charge of particle B. Compared to the force on Particle A, the force on Particle B is A) four times as much. B) two times as much. C) the same. D) half as much. E) none of these.

more entropy

27) Systems that are left alone, tend to move toward a state of A) less entropy. B) more entropy. C) no entropy. D) neither of these

Earth gravitation

3) Atmospheric molecules do not fly off into outer space because of A) their relatively high speeds. B) their relatively low densities. C) Earth gravitation. D) cohesive forces.

3) Charge carriers in a metal are electrons rather than protons because electrons are A) smaller. B) loosely bound. C) negative. D) all of these. E) none of these.

3) Compared to a 1-kg block of solid iron, a 2-kg block of solid iron has twice as much A) inertia. B) mass. C) volume. D) all of these. E) none of these.

twice as fast

3) Consider a string with several rocks tied along its length at equally spaced intervals. You whirl the string overhead so that the rocks follow circular paths. Compared to a rock in the middle of the string, a rock at the outer end moves A) half as fast. B) twice as fast. C) at the same linear speed.

3) Double the frequency of a sound and you halve its A) wavelength. B) speed. C) amplitude. D) all of these E) none of these

3) Evaporation is a cooling process and condensation is A) a warming process. B) a cooling process also. C) neither a warming nor cooling process.

surface area of the water

4) The pressure at the bottom of a jug filled with water does NOT depend on a. the acceleration due to gravity. b. water density. c. the height of the liquid. d. surface area of the water.

36) If you run a refrigerator in a closed room with the refrigerator door open, the room temperature will A) increase. B) decrease. C) remain unchanged.

36) If you use 10 J of work to push a coulomb of charge into an electric field, its voltage with respect to its starting position is A) less than 10 V. B) 10 V. C) more then 10 V.

energy output to exceed the energy input

36) In a hydraulic press operation, it is impossible for the __________. A) output displacement to exceed the input displacement. B) output piston's speed to exceed the input piston's speed. C) force output to exceed the force input. D) energy output to exceed the energy input. E) none of the above

36) In glass or water, the average speed of light is greatest for: A) red light. B) orange light. C) green light. D) blue light. E) is the same in all of these

decreases

36) On a windy day, atmospheric pressure __________. A) increases B) remains unchanged C) decreases

steel

36) Sound travels faster in A) air. B) water. C) steel. D) a vacuum. E) Sound travels at about the same speed in all of the above media.

880 Hz

36) The frequency of a note one octave higher in pitch than a 440-Hz note is A) 1760 Hz. B) 880 Hz. C) 440 Hz. D) 220 Hz. E) 110 Hz.

small bell

36) The object with the natural frequency of higher pitch is a A) large bell. B) small bell.

size, shape and elasticity

39) The natural frequency of an object depends on its A) size, shape and elasticity. B) size and shape. C) size and elasticity. D) shape and elasticity.

39) Two lamps, one with a thick filament and one with a thin filament of the same material, are connected in series to a battery. The voltage is greater across the lamp with the A) thick filament. B) thin filament. C) voltage is the same for both.

39. A step-up transformer increases a. power. b. energy. c. both of these d. neither of these

39. The objective lens in a compound microscope forms a a. real image. b. virtual image.

When water freezes, it __________. A) neither gives off nor absorbs energy. B) gives off energy. C) absorbs energy.

When water vapor condenses on the inside of a window, the window becomes __________. A) slightly cooler. B) neither warmer nor cooler. C) slightly warmer.

When work is done by a system and no heat is added to it, the temperature of the system __________. A) decreases. B) remains unchanged. C) increases.

True

When work is done by a system on something else, the temperature of the system decreases.

When you are in the way of a fast-moving object and can't get out of its way, you will suffer a smaller force of impact if you decrease its momentum over a A) long time. B) short time. C) same way either way

When you jump from an elevated position you usually bend your knees upon reaching the ground. By doing this, you make the time of the impact about 10 times as great as for a stiff-legged landing. In this way the average force your body experiences is A) less than 1/10 as great. B) more than 1/10 as great. C) about 1/10 as great.D) about 10 times as great.

you, the scale, and the Earth are freely falling around the sun

When you step on a weighing scale at noon, the Earth pulls you down and the overhead sun pulls you upward. The reason the sun's pull doesn't decrease your weight at noon is because A) the sun's pull on you is negligibly small. B) the weighing scale is calibrated only in Earth weight. C) you, the scale, and the Earth are freely falling around the sun. D) the sun's pull is cancelled by the gravitation of other celestial bodies. E) of tidal effects in the "solid" Earth.

When you touch a cold piece of ice with your finger, energy flows A) from your finger to the ice. B) from the ice to your finger. C) actually, both ways.

4) A player hits a ball with a bat. The action force is the impact of the bat against the ball. The reaction to this force is the A) air resistance on the ball. B) weight of the ball. C) force of the ball against the bat. D) grip of the player's hand against the ball. E) none of these.

4) A positive ion has more A) electrons than neutrons. B) electrons than protons. C) protons than electrons. D) protons than neutrons. E) neutrons than protons.

4) A source of electromagnetic waves is A) Stationary charged particles . B) vibrating atoms. C) accelerating electric charges. D) crystalline fluctuations. E) none of these

4) Compared to a 1-kg block of solid iron, a 2-kg block of solid iron has the same A) mass. B) volume. C) weight. D) all of these. E) none of these.

4) Electromagnetic induction occurs in a coil when there is a change in A) electric field intensity in the coil. B) magnetic field intensity in the coil. C) voltage in the coil. D) the coil's polarity. E) electromagnetic polarity.

4) Evaporation is a cooling process because A) heat is radiated during the process. B) of conduction and convection. C) the more energetic molecules are able to escape the liquid. D) the temperature of the remaining liquid decreases. E) none of these

about 100

4) How many chemical elements are there? A) about 50 B) about 100 C) about 150 D) hundreds E) thousands.

is made of open-structured, hexagonal crystals

4) Ice has a lower density than water because ice A) is made of open-structured, hexagonal crystals. B) density decreases with decreasing temperature. C) molecules vibrate at lower rates than water molecules. D) molecules are more compact in the solid state. E) sinks.

4) If a steady magnetic field exerts a force on a moving charge, that force is directed A) opposite the motion. B) in the direction of the motion. C) at right angles to the direction of the motion.

considerably colder

4) If air were a better conductor than it is, at nighttime the earth would be A) not appreciably different in temperature. B) considerably warmer. C) considerably colder.

4) In a longitudinal wave the compressions and rarefactions travel in A) the same direction. B) opposite directions. C) a vacuum.

neither of these

4) Increase the pressure in a container of oxygen gas while keeping the temperature constant and you increase the A) molecular kinetic energy. B) molecular speed. C) both of these. D) neither of these.

4) Object and image for a plane mirror lie A) along the same plane. B) equal distances from the mirror. C) at right angles to each other. D) all of these E) none of these

3.0 m

4) Radio waves travel at the speed of light, 300,000 km/s. The wavelength of a radio wave received at 100 megahertz is A) 0.3 m. B) 3.0 m. C) 30 m. D) 300 m. E) none of these.

4) The gain in speed each second for a freely-falling object is about A) 0. B) 5 m/s. C) 10 m/s. D) 20 m/s. E) depends on the initial speed.

4) The main difference between a radio wave and a sound wave is their different A) basic natures. B) wavelengths. C) amplitudes. D) energies. E) frequencies.

radiation

4) The planet Earth loses heat mainly by A) conduction. B) convection. C) radiation. D) all of these

heat exchange

40) An adiabatic process is characterized by the absence of A) entropy. B) pressure change. C) heat exchange. D) temperature change. E) None of the above choices are true.

40) As more lamps are put into a series circuit, the overall current in the power source A) increases. B) decreases. C) stays the same.

40) Glass is opaque to wave frequencies that A) match its natural frequencies. B) are below its natural frequencies. C) both of these D) none of these

beryllium

40) If a pair of helium nuclei are fused together, the result is A) helium isotope. B) lithium. C) beryllium. D) boron. E) carbon.

40) Ten seconds after starting from rest, a car is moving at 40 m/s. What is the car's acceleration in meters per second per second? A) 0.25 B) 2.8 C) 4.0 D) 10 E) 40

43. Neon signs require about 12,000 V to operate. If the circuit uses a 120-V power source, the ratio of primary to secondary turns on the transformer should be a. 1:100. b. 100:1. c. neither of these

46) The beat frequency produced when a 240 hertz tuning fork and a 246 hertz tuning fork are sounded together is A) 6 hertz. B) 12 hertz. C) 240 hertz. D) 245 hertz. E) None of the above choices are correct.

46) Two charges separated by one meter exert 1-N forces on each other. If the magnitude of each charge is doubled, the force on each charge is A) 1 N. B) 2 N. C) 4 N. D) 8 N. E) none of these.

46) When a 60-watt light bulb is connected to a 120-volt source the current in the light bulb is A)0.25 A. B)0.5 A. C) 2 A. D) 4 A. E)more than 4 A.

46) When a woman stands at rest with two feet on a scale, the scale reads 500 N. When she gently lifts one foot, the scale reads A) less than 500 N. B) more than 500 N. C) 500 N.

46. Four amps of current exist in the primary coil of a transformer. The voltage across the primary coil is 110 V. What is the power output of the secondary coil? a. 27.5 W b. 110 W c. 440 W d. 880 W e. not enough information to say

46. The eyes of nearsighted people focus light a. behind the retina. b. in front of the retina. c. at the retina.

5) A baseball player bats a ball with a force of 1000 N. The ball exerts a reaction force against the bat of A) less than 1000 N. B) more than 1000 N. C) 1000 N.

fall

5) A boat loaded with scrap iron floats in a swimming pool. When the iron is thrown overboard, the pool water level will A) fall. B) rise. C) remain unchanged.

5) A package falls off a truck that is moving at 30 m/s. Neglecting air resistance, the horizontal speed of the package just before it hits the ground is A) zero. B) less than 30 m/s but larger than zero. C) about 30 m/s. D) more than 30 m/s. E) more information needed for an estimate.

the paper cup cannot become appreciably hotter than the water it contains

5) A water-filled paper cup held over a flame will not catch fire. This is because A) paper is a poor conductor of heat. B) the inside of the paper is wet. C) water is an excellent conductor of heat. D) the paper cup cannot become appreciably hotter than the water it contains.

a carbon atom

5) An atomic mass unit (amu) is 1/12 the mass of A) an electron. B) a proton. C) a hydrogen atom. D) a carbon atom. E) a uranium atom.

5) An object maintains its state of motion because it has A) mass. B) weight. C) speed. D) acceleration. E) all of these.

5. Several paper clips dangle from the north pole of a magnet. The induced pole in the bottom of the lowermost paper clip is a a. north pole. b. south pole. c. north or south pole-no difference really.

5. Strip electrons from an atom and the atom becomes a A. positive ion. B. negative ion. C. different element.

7) A sound wave is a A) longitudinal wave. B) transverse wave. C) standing wave. D) shock wave. E) None of the above choices are correct.

a wave reflects upon itself

7) A standing wave occurs when A) two waves overlap. B) a wave reflects upon itself. C) the speed of the wave is zero or near zero. D) the amplitude of a wave exceeds its wavelength.

7) As an object freely falls downward, its A) velocity increases. B) acceleration increases. C) both of these. D) none of these.

7) Diffuse reflection occurs when the size of surface irregularities is A) small compared to the wavelength of the light used. B) large compared to the wavelength of the light used. C) microscopic.

999 grams

7) If a gram of antimatter meets a kilogram of matter, the amount of mass to survive is A) 1 gram. B) 999 grams. C) 1 kilogram. D) 1.1 kilogram.

7) If you are carrying a heavy bag of groceries and bang your hand against the wall, the concept that most explains why you are hurt is A) inertia B) gravity C) acceleration D) resistance E) none of these

7) Like kinds of magnetic poles repel while unlike kinds of magnetic poles A) attract. B) repel also. C) may attract or repel.

absorb radiation relatively well

7) Objects that radiate relatively well, A) reflect radiation relatively well. B) absorb radiation relatively well. C) both of these D) neither of these

less than the density of water

7) Pumice is a volcanic rock that floats. Its density is a. less than the density of water. b. equal to the density of water. c. more than the density of water.

water is pushed to the surface by the atmosphere

7) The reason water can be pumped out of a well using an old-fashioned farm-type pump is that the __________. A) pump scoops up the water and lifts it to the top. B) pump sucks the water up from the well. C) water level is very close to the pump. D) water is pushed to the surface by the atmosphere. E) any of the above (depends on the type of pump)

7) To say that electric charge is conserved is to say that electric charge A) may occur in an infinite variety of quantities. B) is a whole number multiple of the charge of one electron. C) will interact with neighboring electric charges. D) can be neither created nor destroyed.

all of these

7) Wave interference occurs for A) light waves. B) sound waves. C) water waves. D) all of these E) none of these

7) When a single charge q is placed at one corner of a square, the electric field at the center of the square is F/q. If two other equal charges are placed at the adjacent corners of the square, the electric field at the center of the square due to these three equal charges is A) F/q. B) F/(4q). C) F/(2q). D) 4F/q. E) none of these.

7) Which of these electromagnetic waves has the shortest wavelength? A) radio waves B) infrared waves C) X-rays D) ultraviolet waves E) light waves

8) Compared to the mass of a certain object on Earth, the mass of the same object on the moon is A) less. B) more. C) the same.

8) Compared to ultraviolet waves, the wavelength of infrared waves is A) shorter. B) longer. C) the same.

8) If a magnet is pushed into a coil, voltage is induced across the coil. If the same magnet is pushed into a coil with twice the number of loops, A) one half as much voltage is induced. B) the same voltage is induced. C) twice as much voltage is induced. D) four times as much voltage is induced. E) none of these.

double

8) If the mass of an object were to double while its volume remains the same, its density would A) halve. B) double. C) stay the same. D) become four times as great.

smaller than measured

8) If you stake out a plot of land with a steel tape on a very hot day, the actual amount of land you will have will be A) larger than measured. B) smaller than measured. C) correct.

8) If you walk towards a mirror at a certain speed, the relative speed between you and your image is A) half your speed. B) twice your speed. C) your speed. D) none of these.

8. The unit of electric charge, the coulomb, is the charge on A. one electron. B. a specific large number of electrons.

9) An iron nail is more strongly attracted to the A) north pole of a magnet. B) south pole of a magnet. C) north or south pole - no difference really.

greater than the speed of sound

9) An observer on the ground hears a sonic boom which is created by an airplane flying at a speed A) just below the speed of sound. B) equal to the speed of sound. C) greater than the speed of sound. D) all of these. E) none of these.

apparent weight for you

Inside a freely-falling elevator, there would be no A) gravitational force on you. B) apparent weight for you. C) both of these D) none of these

apparent weight is zero

Inside a freely-falling runaway elevator, your A) acceleration is zero.B) apparent weight is zero.C) gravitational interaction with the Earth is zero. D) all of these E) none of these

It is correct to say that impulse is equal to A) momentum. B) the change in momentum. C) the force multiplied by the distance the force acts. D) velocity multiplied by time

thermal equilibrium

3) The fact that a thermometer "takes its own temperature" illustrates A) the difference between heat and thermal energy. B) energy conservation. C) thermal equilibrium. D) the fact that molecules are constantly moving.

iron

3) Which of the following normally warms up fastest when heat is applied? A) water B) iron C) glass D) wood E) All of the above choices are equally true.

is a better insulator than your tile

3)Your feet feel warmer on a rug than on your tile floor because your rug A)is a better insulator than your tile. B)for the same mass has more internal energy than your tile. C)is usually warmer than your tile. D)all of these E)none of these

condensing on our bodies

44. We feel uncomfortably warm on a muggy day because water molecules are a. evaporating from our moist bodies. b. condensing on our bodies. c. preventing the evaporation from our moist bodies.

a lower temperature than at sea level

48. In the mountains, water boils at a. a higher temperature than at sea level. b. a lower temperature than at sea level. c. the same temperature as at sea level.

coffee percolator

54. The operation of a geyser, such as Old Faithful in Yellowstone park, is most like the operation of a a. vacuum bottle. b. canteen. c. coffee percolator. d. teakettle. e. vat of molten lead.

raises the boiling point of water

55. An inventor discovers a harmless and tasteless salt, which, when added to water changes its boiling point. The market value for this salt will be best if the salt a. lowers the boiling point of water. b. raises the boiling point of water. c. either raises or lowers the boiling point, as the food would be cooked either way.

53) A 60-W light bulb and a 100-W light bulb are connected in series to a 120 V outlet. Which light bulb has more current in it? A) the 60-W bulb B) the 100-W bulb C) Both have the same current.

87. What do you call a rod of iron surrounded by a coil of current carrying wire? a. a condenser b. a magnetic domain c. and electromagnet d. an alternator e. a generator

88) A ball thrown straight upward takes 10 seconds to go up and return to the ground. Because of air resistance, the time taken for the ball just to go up is A) less than 5 s. B) more than 5 s. C) 5 s.

92. If a galvanometer is calibrated to measure electric potential, what is it called? a. voltmeter b. potentiometer c. ammeter d. ampmeter e. amperage

A 1-N apple falls to the ground. The apple hits the ground with an impact force of about A) 1 N. B) 2 N. C) 4 N.D) 9.8 N. E) not enough information given to say

A 1-kg chunk of putty moving at 1 m/s collides with and sticks to a 5-kg bowling ball initially at rest. The bowling ball and putty then move with a momentum of A) 0 kg m/s. B) 1 kg m/s. C) 2 kg m/s. D) 5 kg m/s.E) more than 5 kg m/s.

13) Sound travels faster in air if the air temperature is A) warm. B) cold. C) average.

17) The force exerted on the tires of a car to directly accelerate it along a road is exerted by the A) engine. B) tires. C) air. D) road. E) none of these.

17) To say that one wave is out of phase with another is to say that the waves are A) of different amplitudes. B) of different frequencies. C) of different wavelengths. D) out of step. E) all of these

warmer

26) When water vapor condenses on the inside of a window, the room becomes slightly A) warmer. B) cooler. C) neither warmer nor cooler.

intensity

29) The loudness of a sound is most closely related to its A) speed. B) intensity. C) wavelength. D) frequency.

29) The major advantage of MHD generators over conventional generators is that MHD generators A) do not use electromagnetic induction. B) do not require magnets. C) require no power input. D) all of these. E) none of these.

Compared to a single lamp connected to a battery, two identical lamps connected in series to the same battery will carry A) more current. B) less current. C) the same current.

12) Doubling the thickness (diameter) of a rope will multiply its strength by A) 1. B) 1/2. C) 3. D) 2. E) 4.

less dense

5) Microscopic slush in water tends to make the water A) more dense. B) less dense.

ancient stars

5) Nuclei of atoms that make up a newborn baby were made in A) ancient stars. B) the mother's womb. C) the food the mother eats before giving birth. D) the Earth. E) none of these.

1 kilogram

5) One liter of water has a mass of a. 1 kilogram. b. 1 newton. c. both of these. d. neither of these.

1) When there is a change in the magnetic field in a closed loop of wire A) a voltage is induced in the wire. B) a current is created in the loop of wire. C) electromagnetic induction occurs. D) all of these. E) none of these.

13) As you face a plane mirror on the wall of your room, you raise your left hand. Your image raises A) its left hand. B) its right hand. C) both hands. D) neither hand.

all of these

1 . A substance can absorb heat energy by the process of a. conduction. b. convection. c. radiation. d. all of these

1 . The source of all magnetism is a. tiny pieces of iron. . b. tiny domains of aligned atoms. c. ferromagnetic materials. d. moving electric charge. e. none of these

from your finger to the ice

1) When you touch a cold piece of ice with your finger, energy flows A) from your finger to the ice. B) from the ice to your finger. C) actually, both ways.

1) Which force binds atoms together to form molecules? A) gravitational B) nuclear C) electrical D) centripetal E) none of these

about 3/4 meter

10) A column that extends from sea level to the top of the atmosphere contains a certain mass of air. If the same column instead had the same mass of mercury (Hg) in it, the height of the mercury column would be A) 1/13.6 times the height of the atmosphere. B) about 3/4 meter. C) 10.3 meters. D) about 5.6 kilometers.

as fast as the waves it produces

10)A wave barrier is produced when a wave source moves A) nearly as fast as the waves it produces. B) faster than the waves it produces. C) as fast as the waves it produces.

half as much

10. A clerk can lift containers a vertical distance of 1 meter or can roll them up a 2 meter-long ramp to the same elevation. With the ramp, the applied force required is about A) half as much. B) twice as much. C) the same. D) four times as much.

10. Surrounding every moving electron is A. a magnetic field. B. an electric field. C. both of these. D. none of these.

100. Suppose you had a generator that produced an induced voltage of 120 volts. Now suppose that the internal resistance due to the coil was 10 Ω and the circuit connected had a total resistance of 20 Ω, what would an ammeter read in the circuit? a. 60 amps b. 40 amps c. 4 volts d. 12 amps e. 4 amps

11 . The force on an electron moving in a magnetic field will be the largest when its direction is a. the same as the magnetic field direction. b. exactly opposite to the magnetic field direction. c. perpendicular to the magnetic field direction. d. at an angle other than 90° to the magnetic field direction. e. none of these

absorber of radiant energy

11 . The pupil of your eye is a net a. absorber of radiant energy. b. emitter of radiant energy.

almost as much as the shuttleʹs weight on the Earthʹs surface

11. The amount of gravitational force that acts on the space shuttle while in orbit is A) nearly zero. B) almost as much as the shuttleʹs weight on the Earthʹs surface. C) the same as the shuttleʹs weight on the Earthʹs surface.

11. The electrical force between charges depends on the A. magnitude of electric charges. B. separation distance between electric charges. C. both of these. D. none of these.

13) A Mack truck and a Volkswagen traveling at the same speed collide head-on. The impact force is A) greater on the Volkswagen. B) greater on the Mack truck. C) the same for both.

2 Hz

13) A floating leaf oscillates up and down two complete cycles each second as a water wave passes by. What is the wave's frequency? A) 1 Hz B) 0.5 Hz C) 2 Hz D) 3 Hz E) 6 Hz

13) A heavy object and a light object are dropped at the same time from rest in a vacuum. The heavier object reaches the ground A) sooner than the lighter object. B) at the same time as the lighter object. C) later than the lighter object.

5 g/cc

13) A metal block has a mass of 5 grams and a volume of 1 cubic centimeter. A piece of the same kind of metal with a volume of 2 cubic centimeters has a density of A) 2.5 g/cc. B) 5 g/cc. C) 10 g/cc.

13) A primary rainbow is brighter than a secondary rainbow because A) there is one less reflection inside the water drops. B) the secondary bow is a dim reflection of the primary rainbow. C) larger drops produce primary rainbows. D) sunlight reaching it is more intense. E) none of these.

13) When a 10-V battery is connected to a resistor, the current in the resistor is 2 A. What is the resistor's value? A) 2 ohms B) 5 ohms C) 10 ohms D) 20 ohms E) more than 20 ohms

larger

13) When an iron ring is heated, the hole becomes A) larger. B) smaller. C) neither smaller nor larger. D) either smaller or larger, depending on the ring thickness.

larger

13) When an iron ring is heated, the hole becomes A) smaller. B) larger. C) neither smaller nor larger. D) either smaller or larger, depending on the ring thickness.

14) An object that completes 20 vibrations in 10 seconds has a frequency of A) 0.5 hertz. B) 1 hertz. C) 2 hertz. D) 200 hertz.

that changes as a person bends over

14. The center of mass of a human body is located at a point A) which is fixed, but different for different people. B) that is always directly behind the belly button. C) that changes as a person bends over. D) none of these

14. The critical angle for a light from the bottom of a swimming pool shining upward toward the pool's surface is the angle a. where light is refracted so it just skims the pool surface. b. 43 degrees. c. at which all light is refracted out of the pool. d. 42 degrees. e. at which some light is reflected from the surface.

100

15. A gun with a muzzle velocity of 100 m/s is fired horizontally from a tower. Neglecting air resistance, how far downrange will the bullet be 1 second later? A) 50 m B) 98 C) 100 D) 490 E) none of these

pushed to the wall by the atmosphere

15. A suction cup sticks to a wall. It is A. pulled to the wall by the vacuum. B. pushed to the wall by the atmosphere. C. both of these. D. neither of these.

decreases

16. The chef at the infamous Fattening Tower of Pizza tosses a spinning disk of uncooked pizza dough into the air. The diskʹs diameter increases during the flight, while its rotational speed A) remains constant. B) increases. C) decreases.

16. The effect that we call a mirage has most to do with a. reflection. b. refraction. c. diffraction. d. interference. e. scattering.

feet

18) Blood pressure is normally greater in your a. ears. b. feet. c. same in each.

18. Neon signs require about 12,000 volts to operate. If the circuit uses a 120-volt power source, the ratio of primary to secondary turns on the transformer should be A. 1:100. B. 100:1. C. neither of these.

18. Refraction results from differences in light's a. frequency. b. incident angles. c. speed. d. all of these. e. none of these.

releases energy

18. When a gas changes to a liquid state, the gas a. releases energy c. neither releases nor absorbs b. absorbs energy energy

19) Three holes are drilled in a water tower, which is filled with water, at the positions shown. Water will spurt the greatest horizontal distance from hole a. A. b. B. c. C. d. The horizontal distance will be the same for all three holes.

decrease

19) When a volume of air expands against the environment and no heat enters or leaves, the air temperature will A) increase. B) decrease. C) remain unchanged.

increases

19) When a volume of air is compressed, its temperature A) increases. B) decreases. C) neither increases nor decreases.

2) A common source of wave motion is a A) wave pattern. B) harmonic object. C) vibrating object. D) region of variable high and low pressure. E) none of these

water pressure is greater with increasing depth

2) A dam is thicker at the bottom than at the top partly because a. water is denser at deeper levels. b. water pressure is greater with increasing depth. c. surface tension exists only on the surface of liquids. d. it looks better.

2) A kilogram is a measure of an object's A) weight. B) force. C) mass. D) gravity. E) center of mass.

2) A solar eclipse occurs when the A) earth passes into the moon's shadow. B) sun passes into the earth's shadow. C) moon passes into the earth's shadow.

2) A sound source of high frequency emits a high A) speed. B) amplitude. C) pitch. D) all of these E) none of these

2) Magnetic compasses apparently were first used by A) Columbus. B) Greeks. C) Australian aborigines. D) Vikings. E) pigeons, then Chinese.

20) A ball is thrown upwards and caught when it comes back down. Neglecting air resistance, its speed when caught is A) more than the speed it had when thrown upwards. B) less than the speed it had when thrown upwards. C) the same as the speed it had when thrown upwards.

20) A horse exerts 500 N of force on a heavy wagon. The wagon pulls back on the horse with an equal force. The wagon still accelerates because A) these forces are not an action-reaction pair. B) nevertheless there is still an unbalanced force on the wagon. C) the horse pulls on the wagon a brief time before the wagon reacts. D) the wagon does not accelerate because these forces are equal and opposite. E) unlike the horse, it is not alive.

greater on the aluminum

20) A kilogram of lead and a kilogram of aluminum are submerged in water. The buoyant force is __________. A) greater on the aluminum. B) greater on the lead. C) the same on each

20) An object is pulled northward with a force of 10 N and southward with a force of 15 N. The magnitude of the net force on the object is A) 0 N. B) 5 N. C) 10 N. D) 15 N. E) none of these.

21 . Which force field can accelerate an electron, but never change its speed? a. electric field. b. magnetic field. c. both of these d. none of these

remain unchanged

21) A boat loaded with a barrel of water floats in a swimming pool. When the water in the barrel is poured overboard, the swimming pool level will __________. A) fall B) remain unchanged C) rise

above the fulcrum

21. A baseball bat is balanced on a fulcrum. The center of gravity of the bat is located A) closer to the handgrip. B) above the fulcrum. C) closer to the heavy end.

increases

21. As a woman holding her breath swims deeper and deeper beneath the water's surface, her density A. increases. B. decreases. C. remains the same.

higher in the salt water

22) When a boat sails from fresh water to salt water, the boat will float __________. A) higher in the salt water B) lower in the salt water C) at the same level

given off by the reaction

22) When carbon and oxygen atoms combine, energy is A) taken in by the reaction. B) given off by the reaction. C) not involved.

the astronaut and an equal amount of the planet would both annihilate

23) If an astronaut landed on a planet made of antimatter, there would be an explosion and A) the planet would annihilate. B) an amount of planet matter equal to that of the astronaut would annihilate. C) the astronaut would annihilate. D) the astronaut and an equal amount of the planet would both annihilate.

decreases

23) If glass expanded more than mercury, then the column of mercury in a mercury thermometer would rise when the temperature A) increases. B) decreases. C) neither of these

25) A ball is thrown upwards and caught when it comes back down. In the presence of air resistance, the speed with which it is caught is A) more than the speed it had when thrown upwards. B) less than the speed it had when thrown upwards. C) the same as the speed it had when thrown upwards.

25) A solar eclipse occurs when the A) sun passes into Earth's shadow. B) moon passes into the Earth's shadow. C) the moon's shadow touches Earth.

25. A secondary rainbow is dimmer than a primary rainbow because a. only large drops produce secondary rainbows. b. sunlight reaching it is less intense. c. there is an extra reflection inside the water drops. d. it is a reflection of the primary rainbow. e. none of the above

25. Every proton in the universe is surrounded by its own A. electric field. B. gravitational field. C. both of these. D. none of these.

28. Your vision is sharpest when your pupil is a. dilated. b. constricted. c. same either way.

3) A player catches a ball. Consider the action force to be the impact of the ball against the player's glove. The reaction to this force is the A) player's grip on the glove. B) force the glove exerts on the ball. C) friction of the ground against the player's shoes. D) muscular effort in the player's arms. E) none of these.

3) A sheet of paper can be withdrawn from under a container of milk without toppling it if the paper is jerked quickly. This best demonstrates that A) the milk carton has no acceleration. B) there is an action-reaction pair of forces. C) gravity tends to hold the milk carton secure. D) the milk carton has inertia. E) none of these.

3) A wire that carries an electric current A) is electrically charged. B) may be electrically charged. C) is never electrically charged.

3) An airplane that flies at 100 km/h with a 10 km/h tailwind travels at 110 km/h relative to the ground. If it instead flies into a 10 km/h headwind, its groundspeed is A) 90 km/h. B) 100 km/h. C) 110 km/h. D) 120 km/h.

of electrical forces

3) Solid matter is mostly empty space. The reason solids don't fall through one another is because A) of electrical forces. B) of nuclear forces. C) of gravitational forces. D) atoms are constantly vibrating, even at absolute zero. E) none of these.

radiation

3) The planet Earth loses heat mainly by A) conduction. B) radiation. C) convection. D) all of these.

poor insulator

3. A good heat conductor is a a. poor insulator. b. good insulator. c. neither a poor nor a good insulator

2 W

3.Do 100 J of work in 50 s and your power output is A) 1/2 W B) 2 W. C) 4 W. D) 50 W. E) 5,000 W.

30) A capacitor is useful in A) boosting the energy output of a circuit. B) increasing the current in a resistor. C) smoothing pulsed current. D) switching dc to ac in a circuit. E) increasing or decreasing voltage.

30) A difference between electric forces and gravitational forces is that electrical forces include A) separation distance. B) repulsive interactions. C) the inverse square law. D) infinite range. E) none of these.

30) A heavy block at rest is suspended by a vertical rope. When the block is accelerated upward by the rope, the rope tension A) increases. B) decreases. C) remains the same.

32) Light refracts when traveling from air into glass because light A) has greater intensity in air than in glass. B) has greater intensity in glass than in air. C) has greater frequency in air than in glass. D) has greater frequency in glass than in air. E) travels slower in glass than in air.

both

32) Refraction of sound can occur in A) water. B) air. C) both D) neither

32) The phenomenon of beats results from sound A) refraction. B) reflection. C) interference. D) all of these E) none of these

increased internal energy of the air

33) The energy of sound in air eventually becomes A) cancelled by destructive interference. B) weaker and weaker until it disappears. C) increased internal energy of the air. D) cancelled by both destructive and constructive interference.

33) When you stand at rest on a pair of bathroom scales, the readings on the scales will always A) each be half your weight. B) each equal your weight. C) add to equal your weight.

33. If an object is located between the focal point and a converging lens, the image will be a. larger than the object. b. real. c. upside down. d. all of the above e. none of the above

35) A car has a mass of 1000 kg and accelerates at 2 meters per second per second. What is the magnitude of the net force exerted on the car? A) 500 N B) 1000 N C) 1500 N D) 2000 N E) none of these

the distance through which the force acts

35) A hydraulic press multiplies a force by 100. This multiplication is done at the expense of __________. A) the distance through which the force acts. B) energy, which decreases by a factor of 100. C) the time over which the force acts, which is extended by a factor of 100. D) the mechanism providing the force. E) none of the above

37) Two lamps, one with a thick filament and one with a thin filament, are connected in parallel to a battery. The voltage is greatest across the lamp with the A) thick filament. B) thin filament. C) both voltages are the same.

37. Which instrument is a human eye most similar to? a. telescope b. microscope c. slide projector d. camera

39) A Doppler effect occurs when a source of sound moves A) toward you. B) at right angles to you. C) both of these D) none of these

39) A car accelerates from rest for 5 seconds until it reaches a speed of 20 m/s. What is the car's acceleration in meters per second per second? A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) 5

highest, farthest from your hand

4) A broom is easier to balance on its end when the heavier end (the brush end) is A) nearest your hand. B) highest, farthest from your hand. C) same either way

4) A coulomb of charge that passes through a 6-volt battery is given A) 6 joules. B) 6 amperes. C) 6 ohms. D) 6 watts. E) 6 newtons.

less than 1 liter

4) A liter-sized block of ordinary wood floats in water. The amount of water displaced is A) less than 1 liter. B) more than 1 liter. C) 1 liter. D) depends on the water density. E) none of these.

twice as much

4.If an object is raised twice as high, its potential energy will be A) half as much B) twice as much. C) four times as much. D) impossible to determine unless the time is given.

40) A 340-hertz sound wave travels at 340 m/s in air with a wavelength of A) 1 m. B) 10 m. C) 100 m. D) 1000 m. E) None of the above choices are correct.

40) A bag of groceries has a mass of 10 kilograms and a weight of about A) 1 N. B) 10 N. C) 100 N. D) 1000 N. E) more than 1000 N.

40. The eyepiece of a compound microscope forms a a. virtual image. b. real image.

42. If light traveled at the same speed in glass as it does in air, images through a telescope would look a. larger than usual. b. smaller than usual. c. fuzzier than usual. d. the same as they would without the telescope. e. clearer than usual.

43) The critical angle is least in which of the following? A) glass B) water C) diamond D) vacuum

44) A bullet is fired straight down from the top of a high cliff. Neglecting air resistance, the acceleration of the bullet in meters per second per second is A) less than 9.8. B) 9.8. C) more than 9.8.

44) A man weighing 800 N stands at rest on two bathroom scales so that his weight is distributed evenly over both scales. The reading on each scale is A) 200 N. B) 400 N. C) 800 N. D) 1600 N. E) none of these.

a low-pressure area is created on top of the umbrella

44) An umbrella tends to move upward on a windy day because __________. A) buoyancy increases with increasing wind speed. B) a low-pressure area is created on top of the umbrella. C) air gets trapped under the umbrella and pushes it up. D) the wind pushes it up. E) all of the above

45. The voltage across the input terminals of a transformer is 110 V. The primary has 50 loops and the secondary has 25 loops. The voltage the transformer puts out is a. 25 V. b. 55 V. c. 110 V. d. 220 V. e. none of these

46) During a single period, the distance traveled by a wave is A) one-half wavelength. B) one wavelength. C) two wavelengths.

47. A certain transformer doubles input voltage. If the primary coil has 10 A of current, then the current in the secondary coil is a. 2 A. b. 5 A. c. 10 A. d. 25 A. e. none of these

47. Farsighted people need to wear glasses that contain a. neither converging nor diverging lenses. b. diverging lenses. c. converging lenses.

prevent boiling

47. Increased air pressure on the surface of hot water tends to a. prevent boiling. b. promote boiling. c. neither

faster

49. Compared to a glass of ice water with ice in it, a glass of plain ice-cold water without ice on a warm day will warm up a. faster. b. slower. c. in the same amount of time.

49. Polarization is a property of A) transverse waves. B) longitudinal waves. C) both D) neither

taller

5) A barometer that uses water instead of mercury will be __________. A) shorter B) the same height C) taller

5) Two charges separated by one meter exert 1-N forces on each other. If the charges are pulled to 3-m separation distance, the force on each charge will be A) 0.33 N. B) 0.11 N. C) 0 N. D) 3 N. E) 9 N.

5.A transformer can be used to increase the A. voltage of AC electricity B. power of AC electricity C. voltage of DC electricity D. power of DC electricity

50) A "burning glass" used to concentrate sunlight in a tiny spot is a A) converging lens. B) diverging lens. C) either D) neither

higher temperature

51 . Food in a pressure cooker is cooked faster because of the a. higher temperature. b. greater rate of bubble formation in the water. c. increased thermal energy in the water. d. all of these e. none of these

51) Some double-pane airplane windows darken when the inner pane is rotated. The panes are A) thin films. B) Polaroid filters. C) optical fibers.

55) Chromatic aberration is absent in A) converging lenses B) diverging lenses. C) front surface plane mirrors.

58) A heater uses 20 A when used in a 110-V line. If electric power costs 10 cents per kilowatt hour, the cost of running the heater for 10 hours is A) $0.22. B) $0.55. C) $2.20. D) $5.50. E) none of these.

58) A proton and an electron are placed in an electric field. Which undergoes the greater acceleration? A) electron B) proton C) both accelerate equally D) neither accelerates

58) A skydiver of mass 100 kg experiences air resistance of 500 N, and an acceleration of about A) 0.2 g. B) 0.3 g. C) 0.4 g. D) 0.5 g. E) more than 0.5 g.

absorbs energy

58. When a solid is changed to a liquid phase, the solid a. releases energy. b. absorbs energy. c. neither releases nor absorbs energy.

remain unchanged

6) A boat loaded with wood floats in a swimming pool. When the wood is thrown overboard, the pool water level will A) fall. B) remain unchanged. C) rise.

6) To say that electric charge is quantized is to say that the charge on an object A) may occur in an infinite variety of quantities. B) is a whole-number multiple of the charge of one electron. C) will interact with neighboring electric charges. D) can be neither created nor destroyed.

out of step

6) To say that one wave is out of phase with another is to say that the waves are A) of different amplitudes. B) of different frequencies. C) of different wavelengths. D) out of step. E) all of these.

6) Two charged particles repel each other with a force F. If the charge of one of the particles is doubled and the distance between them is also doubled, then the force will be A) F/2. B) F. C) 2 F. D) F/4. E) none of these.

twice as much work

6.A 1000-kg car and a 2000-kg car are hoisted the same distance. Raising the more massive car requires A) less work. B) as much work. C) twice as much work. D) four times as much work. E) more than four times as much work.

60) A beam of light travels fastest in A) Glass B) Water C) Plastic D) Air E) is the same in each of these

60) A car traveling at 22 m/s comes to an abrupt halt in 0.1 second when it hits a tree. What is the deceleration in meters per second per second of the car? A) 110 B) 220 C) 800 D) 880 E) ...can't be solved without the mass of the car.

62) A 10-kilogram block is pushed across a horizontal surface with a horizontal force of 20 N against a friction force of 10 N. The acceleration of the block in meters per second per second is A) 1. B) 2. C) 5. D) 10. E) none of these.

62) Compared to the amount of electric current in the filament of a lamp, the amount of current in the connecting wire is A) definitely less. B) often less. C) actually more. D) the same. E) incredibly, all of these.

62) Two wave crests are generated at opposite ends of a long rope. Will there be an instant in which the rope's amplitude is zero everywhere? A) Yes, if the waves have the same amplitude B) Yes, if the waves have different amplitudes. C) No.

64. Is magnetism related to electricity? a. yes b. no

65) A 2000-kg car experiences a braking force of 10,000 N and skids to a stop in 6 seconds. The speed of the car just before the brakes were applied was A) 1.2 m/s. B) 15 m/s. C) 30 m/s. D) 45 m/s. E) none of these.

65) Atmospheric refraction tends to make daytimes A) longer. B) shorter. C) no change in day length

65) The ratio of the potential difference across a metallic conductor to the current in the conductor is known as A) potential drop. B) conductivity. C) resistance. D) electromagnetic force. E) None of the above choices are correct.

more calories than is required to bring 50 g of ice at absolute zero to the boiling point

65. To turn 50 g of boiling water to steam requires a. 50 calories. b. 500 calories c. 540 calories. d. more calories than is required to bring 50 g of ice at absolute zero to the boiling point. e. none of these

65. What condition is necessary for an electric charge to have a magnetic field around it? a. it must be in a copper wire b. it must be isolated from the opposite charge c. it must be moving d. it must be motionless e. it must only be positive, a proton

69) A person standing waist-deep in a swimming pool appears to have short legs because of light A) reflection. B) absorption. C) interference. D) diffraction. E) refraction.

7) The vibrations of a longitudinal wave move in a direction A) along the direction of wave travel. B) at right angles to the direction of wave travel. C) that changes with speed.

71. A hologram is most similar to a a. diffraction grating. b. prism. c. 3-D photograph. d. compound lens.

76) A large and a small person wish to parachute at equal terminal velocities. The larger person will have to A) get a larger parachute. B) jump lightly. C) pull upward on the supporting strands to decrease the downward net force. D) jump first from the plane. E) none of these.

76) If you wish to spear a fish with a regular spear, you should compensate for refraction between the air and water and throw your spear A) directly at the sighted fish. B) above the sighted fish. C) below the sighted fish.

76. According to the figure, at what angle is light refracted if it strikes the surface of water at an angle of 30°? a. 20° b. 23° c. 42° d. 48°

76. When you put a compass around a steel can that has been in a closet, and it shows deflection, what caused the can to become magnetic? a. proximity to a powerful magnet b. existence in the Earth's magnetic field c. all steel is a magnet d. no guess

8) Two charged particles held near each other are released. As they move, the acceleration of each decreases. Therefore, the particles have A) the same sign. B) opposite signs. C) not enough information given.

8) We feel uncomfortably warm on a muggy day because water molecules are A) evaporating from our moist bodies. B) condensing on our bodies. C) evaporating and condensing on our bodies at the same rate.

83) A mirage occurs for road surfaces that are A) warm. B) cold. C) wet. D) hard. E) snowy.

9) Whirl a rock at the end of a string and it follows a circular path. If the string breaks, the tendency of the rock is to A) continue to follow a circular path. B) follow a straight-line path.

the dropped one

9. A hunter on level ground fires a bullet at an angle of 10 degrees above the horizontal while simultaneously dropping another bullet from the level of the rifle. Which bullet will hit the ground first? A) the dropped one B) the fired one C) Both hit at the same time.

9. A main difference between gravitational and electric forces is that electrical forces A. attract. B. repel or attract. C. obey the inverse-square law. D. act over shorter distances. E. are weaker.

A 1-kg chunk of putty moving at 1 m/s collides with and sticks to a 5-kg bowling ball that is initially at rest on a frictionless surface. The speed of the putty thereafter is A) 1/4 m/s. B) 1/5 m/s. C) 1/6 m/s. D) impossible to solve with the information given.

A 1000-kg car moving at 10 m/s brakes to a stop in 5 s. The average braking force isA) 1000 N.B) 2000 N. C) 3000 N. D) 4000 N.E) 5000 N.

A karate expert executes a swift blow and breaks a cement block with her bare hand. The magnitude of the force experienced by her hand is A) zero. B) less than the force applied to the cement block. C) identical to the force applied to the block. D) more than the force applied to the block. E) impossible to predict without additional information.

Both forces are the same

A very massive object A and a less massive object B move toward each other under the influence of gravitation. Which force, if either, is greater? A) the force on A B) the force on B C) Both forces are the same.

100 N

A weight watcher who normally weighs 400 N stands on top of a very tall ladder so she is one Earth radius above the Earth's surface. How much would she weigh there?A) 0 B) 100 N C) 200 N D) 400 N E) none of these

vibration

A wiggle in time is a A) wave. B) vibration. C) both D) neither

greater the gravitational force between them

According to Newton, the greater the masses of interacting objects, the A) less the gravitational force between them. B) greater the gravitational force between them. C) greater the force between them by the square of the masses.

As a system becomes more disordered, entropy __________. A) decreases. B) remains the same. C) increases.

At high altitudes, the boiling point of water __________. A) stays the same. B) is higher. C) is lower.

Freezing occurs when matter changes from a __________. A) solid to a gas. B) gas to a solid. C) liquid to a solid. D) liquid to a gas. E) solid to a liquid.

near the outside

Horses that move with the fastest linear speed on a merry-go-round are located A) near the center. B) near the outside. C) anywhere, because they all move at the same speed.

decrease to one half your original weight

If the Earth's mass decreased to one-half its original mass with no change in radius, then your weight would A) decrease to one quarter your original weight. B) decrease to one half your original weight.C) stay the same. D) none of these

False

If the internal energy of a volume of air at 10 degree C is doubled, its temperature will then be 20 degrees C.

quadruple

If your mass, the mass of the Earth, and the mass of everything in the solar system were twice as much as it is now, yet everything stayed the same size, your weight on Earth would A) be the same. B) double. C) quadruple.D) be eight times as much as now.E) none of these

Melting snow __________. A) warms the surrounding air. B) neither warms nor cools the surrounding air. C) cools the surrounding air.

Morning dew on the grass is a result of __________. A) air pressure on water vapor. B) slow-moving molecules condensing on the grass. C) the open-structured form of water crystals. D) evaporation of water. E) none of the above

that gravity is universal

Newton discovered A) gravity. B) that gravity is universal. C) neither

Padded dashboards in cars are safer in an accident than nonpadded ones because an occupant hitting the dash has A) increased time of impact. B) decreased time of impact.C) decreased impulse. D) increased momentum.

Recoil is noticeable if we throw a heavy ball while standing on roller skates. If instead we go through the motions of throwing the ball but hold onto it, our net recoil will be A) zero. B) the same as before. C) small, but noticeable.

all of these

The Doppler effect is characteristic of A) sound waves. B) light waves. C) water waves. D) all of these E) none of these

stay the same

The Earth is currently accelerating toward the sun (centripetal acceleration). If the sun collapsed into a black hole, this acceleration would A) increase. B) decrease. C) stay the same. D) cease to exist.

surface escape velocity

The factor most directly responsible for making a black hole invisible is its A) size.B) mass.C) color. D) surface escape velocity. E) none of these

The first law of thermodynamics is a restatement of the A) principle of entropy. B) law of heat addition. C) Carnot cycle. D) conservation of energy. E) none of these

stand on a planet with a radius that is shrinking

The force of gravity acting on you will increase if you A) burrow deep inside the planet. B) stand on a planet with a radius that is shrinking. C) both of these D) none of these

practically the same weight

The force of gravity acts on all apples on an apple tree. Some apples are twice as far from the ground as others. These twice-as-high apples, for the same mass, have A) 1/4 the weight. B) 1/2 the weight. C) practically the same weight.

False

The process of changing from a gas to a liquid is evaporation.

False

The process of changing from a liquid state to a solid state is condensation.

Two billiard balls having the same mass and speed, roll toward each other. What is their combined momentum after they meet ? A) 0 B) half the sum of their original momentums. C) twice the sum of their original momentums D) impossible to determine without additional information

When mechanical work is done on a system, there can be a increase in its __________. A) internal energy. B) temperature. C) both of these D) neither of these

True

When steam changes to water at 100 degrees Celsius, energy is released.

increases to four times as much

When the distance between two stars decreases by half, the force between them A) decreases by one-quarter. B) decreases by one-half. C) increases to twice as much. D) increases to four times as much. E) stays the same.

the moon

Which is most responsible for the ocean tides? A) the moon B) the sun C) Both contribute equally.

air pressure is reduced over the curved top surface

13) An umbrella tends to move upwards on a windy day principally because A) buoyancy increases with increasing wind speed. B) air pressure is reduced over the curved top surface. C) air gets trapped under the umbrella, warms, and rises. D) all of these.

13. The magnetic north pole of the earth is nearest a. the Hudson Bay region of Canada. b. Australia. c. both of these

all of these

16) A molecule has A) mass. B) structure. C) energy. D) all of these E) none of these

rotating

17. Centrifugal forces are an apparent reality to observers in a reference frame that is A) moving at constant velocity. B) an inertial reference frame. C) at rest. D) rotating. E) none of these

19) A quantity of water has more entropy when it is A) frozen ice. B) boiling. C) at room temperature.

re-echoed sound

19) Reverberation is actually a case of A) sound interference. B) forced vibrations. C) re-echoed sound. D) resonance. E) none of these.

none of these

19. As a balloon rises higher and higher into the atmosphere, its A. volume decreases. B. density increases. C. weight increases. D. mass decreases. E. none of these.

2. When a virtual image is created in a plane mirror a. the image is upright. b. the image is located behind the mirror. c. reflected rays diverge. d. all of the above e. none of the above

20) A node is a position of A) minimum amplitude. B) maximum amplitude. C) half amplitude.

both of these

20. Newton's law of cooling applies to objects that are a. cooling. b. heating. c. both of these d. none of these

22) Sunburns are produced by A) ultraviolet light. B) visible light. C) infrared light. D) all of these E) none of these

24) A pair of plane mirrors are at right angles to each other. A coin placed near the mirrors has A) A total of one image . B) More than one image.

pitch

25) A sound source of high frequency emits a high A) pitch. B) speed. C) amplitude. D) all of these E) none of these

27) Light travels fastest in A) warm air. B) cool air. C) a vacuum.

27. A "burning glass" used to concentrate sunlight in a tiny spot is a a. converging lens. b. diverging lens. c. either. d. neither.

36) Which of the following cannot travel in a vacuum? A) a light wave B) a sound wave C) a radio wave D) All can travel in a vacuum. E) None can travel in a vacuum.

circular

38) If a satellite's radial velocity is zero at all times, its orbit must be A) parabolic. B) elliptical. C) circular. D) geosynchronous.

buoyant force

44) In a vacuum, an object has no A) buoyant force. B) mass. C) weight. D) temperature. E) all of these

transfer some of their kinetic energies to us

45. We are warmed by condensation because water molecules in the air that strike our bodies a. transfer some of their kinetic energies to us. b. gain kinetic energy as they change state. c. form an insulating layer on our bodies.

46) A 60-watt light bulb is connected to a 120-volt plug. What is the current in the light bulb? A) 0.25 A B) 0.5 A C) 2 A D) 4 A E) more than 4 A

move to the left

46) A car with closed windows makes a left-hand turn. A helium-filled balloon in the car will __________. A) move to the left B) move to the back C) move to the right D) move to the front E) stay in the same place

47) A push on a 1-kg brick accelerates the brick. Neglecting friction, to equally accelerate a 10-kg brick, one would have to push with A) just as much force. B) 10 times as much force. C) 100 times as much force. D) one tenth the amount of force. E) none of these.

5) The average speed of a horse that gallops a distance of 10 kilometers in a time of 30 minutes is A) 10 km/h. B) 20 km/h. C) 30 km/h. D) more than 30 km/h.

50) The vertical height attained by a basketball player who achieves a hang time of a full 1 s is about A) 0.8 m. B) 1 m. C) 1.2 m. D) 2.5 m. E) more than 2.5 m.

53) A pendulum clock at high altitudes runs A) fast. B) slow. C) normally as it does at sea level.

55) Compared to a single lamp connected to a battery, two identical lamps connected in series to the same battery will carry A) more current. B) less current. C) the same current.

59)The current through two identical light bulbs connected in series is 0.25 A. The voltage across both bulbs is 110 V. The resistance of a single light bulb is A) 22 ohms. B) 44 ohms. C) 220 ohms. D) 440 ohms. E) none of these

59. What are the poles of a magnet called? a. east and west b. positive and negative c. north and south d. electron and proton e. north and west

quadruple

6. If your mass, the mass of the Earth, and the mass of everything in the solar system were twice as much as it is now, yet everything stayed the same size, your weight on Earth would A) be the same. B) double. C) quadruple. D) be eight times as much as now. E) none of these

6. It is difficult to see the roadway from a car on a rainy night because the road surface a. is obscured by the rain itself. b. that is normally a diffuse reflector when dry becomes a mirror surface when wet. c. absorbs the light more when wet. d. scatters light in all directions.

high specific heats

6. Some molecules are able to absorb large amounts of energy in the form of internal vibrations and rotations. Materials composed of such molecules would have a. low specific heats b. high specific heats

61) If at a concert you run toward the orchestra, the frequency of the sound you hear will be A) decreased. B) increased. C) neither decreased nor increased.

50 calories

63. Increasing the temperature of 50 grams of water by 1°C requires a. 1 calorie. b. 50 calories. c. none of these

7) Heat a copper wire and its electric resistance A) decreases. B) remains unchanged. C) increases.

7) One object has twice as much mass as another object. The first object also has twice as much A) inertia. B) velocity. C) gravitational acceleration. D) volume. E) all of these.

70. The number of grams of ice that can be melted by 1 g of 100oC steam is a. 0.125 g. b. 0.148 g. c. 6.75 g. d. 8g. e. none of these

74. Interference can be shown by using a. water waves. b. light waves. c. sound waves. d. all of the above e. none of the above

rotating

Centrifugal forces are an apparent reality to observers in a reference frame that is A) moving at constant velocity. B) an inertial reference frame. C) at rest. D) rotating. E) none of these

True

It is possible for a thin wire suspended between heavy weights to pass through a block of ice.

Momentum is transferred to the ground when an apple falls on it. The momentum absorbed by the ground is A) negligible compared to the momentum of the apple. B) greater than that of the apple only if the apple bounces. C) greater than that of the apple in all cases. D) none of these.

True

Systems left alone tend to move to a state of greater entropy.

The change in momentum, in kg m/s, that occurs when a 1.0 kg ball travelling at 4.0 m/s strikes a wall and bounces back at 2.0 m/s isA) 2. B) 4.C) 6. D) 8.

True

Whenever heat is added to a system, it transforms to an equal amount of some other form of energy.

1) A main difference between gravitational and electric forces is that electrical forces A) obey the inverse-square law. B) act over shorter distances. C) are weaker. D) repel or attract. E) attract.

1) A wiggle in time is a A) vibration. B) wave. C) both D) neither

1) Action and reaction forces comprise the parts of A) a single interaction. B) two interactions.

1) As an object freely falls downward, its A) velocity increases. B) acceleration increases. C) both of these. D) none of these.

Very light molecules

1) At the same temperature, which move with the greater speed in the air? A) Very light molecules. B) Heavier molecules. C) All will have equal average speeds.

1) Electrons are made to flow in a wire when there is A) an imbalance of charges in the wire. B) more potential energy at one end of the wire than the other. C) a potential difference across its ends.

1) Which has the greater mass? A) a king-size pillow B) an automobile battery C) neither - both have the same

both of these

10) A fish normally displaces its own a. volume of water. b. weight of water. c. both of these. d. neither of these.

2 hertz

10) A floating leaf oscillates up and down two complete cycles each second as a waterwave passes by. What is the wave's frequency? A) 0.5 hertz. B) 1 hertz. C) 2 hertz. D) 3 hertz. E) 6 hertz.

10.3 m

10) About how high can water theoretically be lifted by a vacuum pump at sea level? A) Less than 10.3 m B) More than 10.3 m C) 10.3 m

the number of protons

10) What makes an element distinct? A) the number of protons B) the number of neutrons C) the number of electrons D) the total mass of all the particles E) none of these

11) The newton is a unit of A) force. B) mass. C) density. D) inertia.

the density of salt water exceeds the density of egg

12) An egg is placed at the bottom of a bowl filled with water. Salt is slowly added to the water until the egg rises and floats. From this experiment, one can conclude that __________. A) the density of salt water exceeds the density of egg. B) calcium in the eggshell is repelled by sodium chloride. C) buoyant forces do not always act upward. D) salt sinks to the bottom. E) none of the above

air

12) Which of the following is not a compound? A) air B) ammonia C) water D) salt E) All are compounds.

water

12) Which will roll down an incline in the shortest time, a can filled with water or the same can filled with ice? A) water B) ice C) both the same D) Not enough information is given.

web

12) You wish to bolt a sign to a horizontal I-beam supporting a bridge. You will weaken the beam least if you drill the bolt-holes through the A) upper flange. B) lower flange. C) web. D) All these will have the same effect.

increases

12)As a woman holding her breath swims deeper and deeper beneath the water's surface, her density A) remains the same. B) increases. C) decreases.

12. A mirage can occur a. when cooler air is above hotter air. b. when there's a layer of hot air close to the ground. c. on a hot day. d. all of the above e. none of the above

12. A pair of plane mirrors are at right angles to each other. A coin placed near the mirrors has at most a. 2 images. b. 3 images. c. 4 images. d. more than 4 images.

1 g downward

12. An object is dropped and freely falls to the ground with an acceleration of 1 g. If it is thrown upward at an angle instead, its acceleration will be A) 0 g. B) 1 g downward. C) 1 g upward. D) larger than 1 g. E) none of these

12. Magnetic domains normally occur in A. iron. B. copper. C. silver. D. all of these. E. none of these.

12. Rub electrons from your hair with a comb and the comb becomes A. negatively charged. B. positively charge.

Less its internal pressure

12. The faster a fluid moves, the A. greater its internal pressure. B. Less its internal pressure.

13. When you see a "wet spot" mirage on the road in front of you, you are most likely seeing a. water. b. hot air. c. a figment of your imagination. d. sky. e. none of the above

Four times as far

14. A car that travels twice as fast as another when braking to a stop will skid a. Twice as far. b. Three times as far. c. Four times as far. d. Depends on the mass of the cars.

14. Light travels fastest in a. warm air. b. cool air. c. a vacuum.

partly submerged

15) The buoyant force on an object is least when the object is a. partly submerged. b. submerged near the surface. c. submerged near the bottom. d. none of these.

1/60 Hz

15) The frequency of the second hand on a clock is A) 1 Hz. B) 60 Hz. C) 1/60 Hz.

a quark

15) The smallest particle of those listed below is A) a molecule. B) an atom. C) a proton. D) a neutron. E) a quark.

16) A car traveling at 100 km/hr strikes an unfortunate bug and splatters it. The force of impact is A) greater on the bug. B) greater on the car. C) the same for both.

longitudinal wave

16) A sound wave is a A) longitudinal wave. B) transverse wave. C) standing wave. D) shock wave. E) none of these.

16) When visible light is incident upon clear glass, atoms in the glass A) are forced into vibration. B) resonate. C) convert the light energy into internal energy.

16. A balloon will stick to a wooden wall if the balloon is charged A. negatively. B. positively. C. either way. D. neither way.

the top

16. The ball rolling down an incline has its maximum potential energy at A) the top. B) a quarter of the way down. C) halfway down. D) the bottom.

toward you

17) A Doppler effect occurs when a source of sound moves A) toward you. B) at right angles to you. C) both of these D) none of these

Bernoulli's principle

18) Airplane flight best illustrates A) Archimedes' principle. B) Pascal's principle. C) Bernoulli's principle. D) Boyle's law.

volume

18. As a high-altitude balloon sinks lower and lower into the atmosphere, it undergoes a decrease in A. volume. B. density. C. weight. D. mass. E. none of these.

18. Electric potential, measured in volts, is the ratio of electric energy to amount of electric A. current. B. resistance. C. charge. D. voltage. E. none of these.

increases

19) As a woman holding her breath swims deeper and deeper beneath the water's surface, her density __________. A) increases B) remains the same C) decreases

increases

19. When a twirling ice skater brings her arms inward, her rotational speed A) increases. B) decreases. C) remains the same.

2) An ampere is a unit of electrical A) pressure. B) current. C) resistance. D) all of these E) none of these

Impulse

2. A cannonball shot from a cannon with a long barrel will have a greater muzzle velocity because the cannonball receives a greater a. Force b. Impulse c. Both of these d. Neither of this.

2. A positive charge and a negative charge held near each other are released. As they move, the force on each particle A. increases. B. decreases. C. stays the same.

the same

21) Compared to the energy it takes to separate oxygen and hydrogen from water, the amount of energy given off when they recombine is A) slightly more. B) slightly less. C) much more. D) much less. E) the same.

low

21) The frequencies of sound that carry farther in air are relatively A) low. B) high. C) no difference.

22) A 10-N falling object encounters 4 N of air resistance. The net force on the object is A) 0 N. B) 4 N. C) 6 N. D) 10 N. E) none of these.

23) A wave barrier is produced when a wave source moves A) nearly as fast as the waves it produces. B) as fast as the waves it produces. C) faster than the waves it produces.

24) A bow wave is produced when a wave source moves A) nearly as fast as the waves it produces. B) as fast as the waves it produces. C) faster than the waves it produces.

24. In a double rainbow, the outermost color in the outermost bow is a. blue. b. green. c. red. d. any of these at different times

Radio waves

25) Which doesn't belong to the same family? A) Infrasonic waves. B) Ultrasonic waves. C) Radio waves. D) Shock waves. E) Longitudinal waves.

25) Which force field can increase a moving electron's speed? A) electric field B) magnetic field C) both of these D) none of these

25. A device that transforms electrical energy to mechanical energy is a A. generator. B. motor. C. transformer. D. magnet. E. none of these.

a warming process

26) Evaporation is a cooling process and condensation is A) a warming process. B) a cooling process also. C) neither a warming nor cooling process.

28. A converging lens a. converges parallel rays of light. b. refracts parallel rays of light. c. is thicker in the center than at the edges. d. bends parallel rays of light so they cross at a single point. e. all of the above

29) An object falls freely from rest on a planet where the acceleration due to gravity is 20 meters per second squared. In the first 5 seconds it falls a distance of A) 100 m. B) 150 m. C) 250 m. D) 500 m. E) none of these.

6 hertz

29) Beats are produced when two tuning forks, one of frequency 240 hertz and the other of frequency 246 hertz are sounded together. The frequency of the beats is A) 6 hertz. B) 12 hertz. C) 240 hertz. D) 245 hertz. E) none of these.

both of these

3) The pressure in a liquid depends on liquid A) density. B) depth. C) both of these D) neither of these

both of these

3) The pressure in a liquid depends on liquid a. density. b. depth. c. both of these. d. neither of these.

along the direction of wave travel

3) The vibrations of a longitudinal wave move in a direction A) along the direction of wave travel. B) at right angles to the direction of wave travel.

the whole world

3) There are about as many atoms of air in our lungs at any moment as there are breaths of air in the atmosphere of A) a large auditorium. B) a large city. C) the United States. D) the whole world. E) none of these

bottom of the object

3) Water pressure on a submerged object is greatest against the __________. A) bottom of the object B) Water pressure is the same against all surfaces of the object C) sides of the object D) top of the object E) none of the above

3) When a magnet is thrust into a coil of wire, the coil tends to A) attract the magnet as it enters. B) repel the magnet as it enters. C) both of these. D) neither of these.

2 m/s

3. Suppose the circumference of a bicycle wheel is 2 meters. If it rotates at 1 revolution per second when you are riding the bicycle, then your speed will be A) 1 m/s. B) 2 m/s. C) 3 m/s. D) 3.14 m/s. E) 6.28 m/s.

iron

3. Which of the following has the lowest specific heat? a. water b. wood c. iron d. cork

31) A 1-kg mass at the earth's surface weighs A) 1 N. B) 4.9 N. C) 9.8 N. D) 10.8 N. E) none of these.

31) Refraction results from differences in light's A) frequency. B) incident angles. C) speed. D) all of these E) none of these

32) Four amperes of current exist in the primary coil of a transformer. The voltage across the primary coil is 110 V. What is the power output of the secondary coil? A) 27.5 W B) 110 W C) 440 W D) 880 W E) not enough information to say

frequency

32) The pitch of a musical sound depends on the sound wave's A) wavelength. B) frequency. C) speed. D) amplitude. E) all of these.

both the same

33) In a closed bottle are a certain number of hydrogen molecules. In an identical closed bottle at the same temperature and internal pressure are a certain number of nitrogen molecules. The bottle with the greater number of molecules is the one containing A) hydrogen. B) nitrogen. C) both the same

33) In a simple circuit containing a bulb, energy is given to the moving charges by A) the bulb. B) the wires. C) a generator. D) none of these

33) In each second of fall, the distance a freely falling object will fall is A) about 5 m. B) about 10 m. C) the same, but not 5 m or 10 m. D) increasing. E) none of these.

35) If a light signal and a radio signal were emitted simultaneously from Alpha Centauri, the first to reach Earth would be the A) radio signal. B) light signal. C) both would reach Earth at the same time.

36. Suppose you hold a converging lens in front of a window. An image of some distant hills can be focused on your hand, behind the lens. The focal point of this lens is located a. approximately at your hand. b. behind your hand. c. in front of your hand.

True

38) Sound waves can interfere with one another so that no sound results. A) True B) False

1 N

38) Suppose a stone weighs 3 N in the air, but in water it weighs only 2 N. What is the buoyant force acting on the stone? A) 2 N B) 4 N C) 5 N D) 3 N E) 1 N

10.3 m

38) The depth to which an inverted drinking glass must be pushed beneath the surface of water so that the volume of enclosed air is squeezed to half is A) 76 cm. B) 10.3 m. C) 14.7 m. D) 20.6 m. E) 29.4 m.

more than 50%

4) About what percentage of the molecules that make up the atmosphere are below an aircraft that flies at an altitude of 6 kilometers? A) 20% B) 30% C) 40% D) 50% E) more than 50%

thermonuclear fusion

4) Atoms heavier than helium were made by A) photosynthesis. B) thermonuclear fusion. C) radiant energy conversion. D) radioactivity. E) none of these

the tube would have to be very, very long

4) Water in a tube could be used to make a barometer, but __________. A) pressure at the tube's bottom would break the tube. B) water would run out of the tube. C) no glass is strong enough to hold a water barometer. D) the tube would have to be very, very long. E) Nonsense. It's impossible to make a water barometer.

5/6 m/s

4. A 5-kg fish swimming at a velocity of 1 m/s swallows an absent-minded 1-kg fish at rest. The speed of the larger fish after lunch is a. 0.5 m/s b. 2/5 m/s c. 5/6 m/s d. 6/5 m/s e. 1 m/s

lift

40) If you blow across the top of a piece of paper, the paper will __________. A) lift B) do nothing C) flap wildly D) flatten

variable

40) Sound refraction depends on the fact that the speed of sound is A) proportional to frequency. B) constant. C) variable. D) inversely proportional to wavelength. E) none of these

41. When slides are put upside down into a projector, the images are a. upside down. b. right-side up.

42) A circuit is powered with a battery. Charge flows A) out of the battery and into the circuit. B) from the negative battery terminal to the positive terminal. C) after a couple seconds passes. D) through both the battery and the rest of the circuit. E) none of these.

42) The force required to maintain an object at a constant velocity in free space is equal to A) zero. B) the mass of the object. C) the weight of the object. D) the force required to stop it. E) none of these.

42) The moon would be at its fullest just before the time of a A) solar eclipse. B) lunar eclipse. C) both of these D) none of these

43. The image your eye receives is a. upside down. b. right-side up.

44. A step-up transformer has a ratio of 1 to 10. Neglecting slight losses, if 100 W of power go into the primary coil, the power corning from the secondary coil is a. 1 W. b. 10 W. c. 100 W. d. 1000 W. e. none of these

shower

46) Reverberation is a phenomenon you would be most likely to hear if you sing in the A) desert. B) shower.

47) The electrical force on a 2-C charge is 60 N. What is the value of the electric field at the place where the charge is located? A) 20 N/C B) 30 N/C C) 60 N/C D) 120 N/C E) 240 N/C

twice as much

5. An object lifted 10 meters gains 200 J of potential energy. If the same object is lifted 20 meters, its potential energy gain is A) half as much. B) the same. C) twice as much. D) four times as much. E) more than four times as much.

50. A magnifying glass under water will magnify a. less. b. the same. c. more.

52) A block is dragged without acceleration in a straight-line path across a level surface by a force of 6 N. What is the force of friction between the block and the surface? A) less than 6 N B) more than 6 N C) 6 N D) need more information to say

52) A man leans over the edge of a cliff and throws a rock upward at 4.9 m/s. Neglecting air resistance, two seconds later the rock's speed is A) zero. B) 4.9 m/s. C) 9.8 m/s. D) 14.7 m/s. E) none of the above.

52) A neon atom has a larger atomic number than a helium atom. At the same temperature and pressure, how does the speed of sound in helium gas compare to the speed of sound in neon gas? A) greater in neon than in helium B) greater in helium than in neon C) the same in both gases D) depends on the frequency of the sound generated

55) A 1-kg rock that weighs 9.8 N is thrown straight upward at 20 m/s. Neglecting air resistance, the net force that acts on it when it is half way to the top of its path is A) less than 9.8 N. B) 9.8 N. C) more than 9.8 N.

55) A jet traveling at 1500 km/hr passes between observers A and B. In a short time a sonic boom will be heard by A) observer A , observer B, and the pilot of the jet. B) observer A only. C) observer B only. D) observers A and B, but not the pilot.

55) The polarization axes of glasses for 3-D viewing are A) vertical. B) horizontal. C) at right angles to each other.

55) Two charged particles held close to each other are released. As the particles move, the velocity of each increases. Therefore, their charges have A) the same sign. B) opposite signs. C) not enough information given.

58. Suppose a magnet exerts an attractive force of 16 N on another magnet while placed 5 cm from it. What will be the force if the magnets are 20 cm apart? a. 1 N b. 32 N c. 4 N d. 0 N e. 8 N

increases

6) When a volume of air is compressed, its temperature A) neither increases nor decreases. B) increases. C) decreases.

Neither place -- the buoyant force is independent of depth

6) Where is the buoyant force on a submerged rock greater, near the surface of the fluid or 10 m below the surface? A) Near the surface B) 10 m below the surface C) Neither place -- the buoyant force is independent of depth

6) Your weight is A) actually your mass. B) the gravitational attraction between you and the Earth. C) a property of mechanical equilibrium. D) all of these. E) none of these.

61) What is the resistance of a 120-W incandescent lamp connected to a 120-V power supply? A) 1 ohm B) 60 ohms C) 100 ohms D) 144 ohms E) none of these

62. Waves diffract the most when their wavelengths are a. long. b. short. c. neither of the above.

66. A diffraction grating consists of a. many closely spaced parallel slits. b. a criss-cross of narrow slits. c. two closely spaced parallel slits. d. a single narrow slit. e. none of the above

67) What horizontally-applied force will accelerate a 400-kg crate at 1 m/s2 across a factory floor against a friction force half its weight? A) 600 N B) 1600 N C) 2000 N D) 2400 N E) none of these

67. If you shine monochromatic light onto two plates of glass, one atop the other, you will see light and dark fringes. The reason for this is that light a. refracted from one plate interferes with light refracted from the other plate. b. is diffracted as it passes through the glass. c. reflected from one plate interferes with light reflected from the other plate. d. is partially blocked by tiny threads of metal in the glass. e. is scattered by ridges and valleys in the glass.

69. A thin film appears blue when illuminated with white light. The color being canceled by destructive interference is a. green. b. red. c. blue. d. white. e. none of the above

radiation

7) A Thermos bottle has double glass walls with silver coating on the glass surfaces that face one another. The silver coating reduces the energy that is transferred by A) conduction. B) convection. C) radiation. D) friction. E) none of these

7) Steam burns are more damaging than burns caused by boiling water because steam A) gives up additional energy when it condenses. B) has more energy per kilogram than boiling water. C) Choices A and B are both correct. D) Choices B and C are both incorrect.

partly submerged

7) The buoyant force on an object is least when the object is __________. A) submerged near the surface B) partly submerged C) submerged near the bottom D) none of the above

7) The magnetic field strength inside a current-carrying coil will be greater if the coil encloses a A) vacuum. B) wooden rod. C) glass rod. D) rod of iron. E) none of these.

high specific heat

7) The moderate temperatures of islands throughout the world has much to do with water's A) poor conductivity. B) vast supply of internal energy. C) high specific heat. D) high evaporation rate. E) absorption of solar energy.

7) The moon would be at its fullest just before the time of a A) solar eclipse. B) lunar eclipse. C) both of these. D) none of these.

uranium

7) Which of these atoms has the most mass? A) hydrogen B) iron C) lead D) uranium E) All have the same mass.

73) When a falling object has reached its terminal velocity, its acceleration is A) constant. B) zero. C) g.

8) Compressions and rarefactions are characteristic of A) longitudinal waves. B) transverse waves. C) both longitudinal and transverse waves. D) Neither of the above choices are correct.

8) How many vibrations per second are associated with a 101-MHz radio wave? A) less than 101,000,000 B) 101,000,000 C) more than 101,000,000

8. Refraction occurs a. when a wave changes speed. b. only at a wave front. c. at any unpredictable time. d. only with light waves. e. all of the above

86. The dispersion of light when it passes through a prism shows that a. the prism contains many narrow, equally spaced slits. b. all colors in the light are treated the same. c. different colors have different indices of refraction. d. the speed of light in a vacuum is a constant.

9. Magnetic domains normally occur in a. iron. b. copper. c. silver. d. all of these e. none of these

A 5000-kg freight car runs into a 10,000-kg freight car at rest. They couple upon collision and move with a speed of 2 m/s. What was the initial speed of the 5000-kg car? A) 4 m/s B) 5 m/s C) 6 m/sD) 8 m/s E) none of these

the same and your tangential speed less

A carnival has a Ferris wheel where the seats are located halfway between the center and outside rim. Compared with a Ferris wheel with seats on are on the outside rim, your angular speed while riding on this Ferris wheel would be A) less and your tangential speed more. B) more and your tangential speed less. C) the same and your tangential speed less.

A golf ball moving forward with 1 unit of momentum strikes and bounces backward off a heavy bowling ball that is initially at rest and free to move. The bowling ball is set in motion with a momentum of A) less than 1 unit. B) more than 1 unit. C) 1 unit. D) not enough information

A heavy truck and a small car rolling down a hill at the same speed are forced to stop in the same amount of time. Compared to the force that stops the car, the force needed to stop the truck is A) greater.B) smaller. C) the same.

A liquid boils when __________. A) trapped air in the liquid is heated. B) it turns to vapor at the bottom of or in the liquid. C) trapped air in the liquid rises to the surface. D) air molecules form a bubble and rise. E) all of the above

A sandbag is motionless in outer space. A second sandbag with 3 times the mass moving at 12 m/s collides with it. They stick together and move at a speed of A) 3 m/s.B) 4 m/s.C) 6 m/s. D) 8 m/s.E) none of these

divides by 4 the gravitational force between them

According to Newton, doubling the distance between two interacting objects A) divides by 2 the gravitational force between them. B) multiplies by 2 the gravitational force between them. C) divides by 4 the gravitational force between them. D) multiplies by 4 the gravitational force between them.

According to the impulse-momentum equation Ft = change in (mv), a person will suffer less injury falling on a wooden floor which "gives" than on a more rigid cement floor. The "F" in the above equation stands for the force exerted on the A) person. B) floor. C) either the force on the person or the force on the floor D) the sum of the force on the person and the force on the floor

True

Air is saturated with water when it contains as much water vapor as it can.

40 N

An asteroid exerts a 360-N gravitational force on a nearby spacecraft. If the spacecraft moves to a point 3 times as far from the center of the asteroid, the force will be A) zero. B) 40 N. C) 120 N. D) 360 N. E) 1080 N.

toward the asteroid

An asteroid exerts a 360-N gravitational force on a nearby spacecraft. This force is directed A) toward the asteroid. B) away from the asteroid. C) toward the sun.

An astronaut , floating alone in outer space, throws a baseball. If the ball moves away at a speed of 20 meters per second, the astronaut will A) move in the opposite direction at a speed of 20 m/s.B) move in the opposite direction, but at a lower speed. C) move in the opposite direction but at a higher speed. D) not move as stated in any of the above choices.

An astronaut, floating in space, throws a ball as massive as herself toward her nearby spaceship. If the ball bounces back toward her without losing speed, her best choice at that time is to A) try to catch the ball and wait a few minutes to be rescued. B) forget about catching the ball and wait a few minutes to be rescued. C) try to catch the ball and then throw it away from the spaceship. D) hope that the spaceship pilot is able to rescue her somehow.

Earth

An object is placed exactly halfway between the Earth and moon. The object will fall toward the A) Earth. B) moon. C) neither of these

As atmospheric pressure increases, the boiling temperature of a liquid __________. A) remains unchanged. B) decreases. C) is 100 degrees D) increases.

Clouds form when warm air __________. A) expands. B) chills. C) rises. D) all of the above E) none of the above

Compared to falling on a stone floor, a wine glass may not break when it falls on a carpeted floor because the A) carpeted floor provides a smaller impulse. B) stopping time is shorter on the carpet. C) stopping time is longer on the carpet. D) carpet provides a smaller impulse and a longer time.

Compared to the force that brings a small car to a stop, the force required to bring a heavy truck to a stop A) is less. B) is more.C) is the same. D) impossible to determine without additional information

Condensation occurs when matter changes from a __________. A) gas to a solid. B) gas to a liquid. C) solid to a gas. D) liquid to a gas. E) solid to a liquid.

increases

Consider a rotating donut-shaped space habitat where living quarters are on the inside surface farthest from the axis. If the rotational speed of the habitat increases, the apparent weight of people inside A) increases. B) decreases. C) stays the same. D) is always zero.

twice as fast

Consider a string with several rocks tied along its length at equally spaced intervals. You whirl the string overhead so that the rocks follow circular paths. Compared to a rock in the middle of the string, a rock at the outer end moves A) half as fast. B) twice as fast. C) at the same linear speed.

Consider massive gliders that slide friction-free along a horizontal air track. Glider A has a mass of 1 kg, a speed of 1 m/s, and collides with Glider B that has a mass of 5 kg and is at rest. If they stick upon collision, their speed after collision will be A) 1/4 m/s. B) 1/5 m/s. C) 1/6 m/s. D) 1 m/s. E) none of these.

none of these

Consider two planets in space that gravitationally attract each other. If the masses of both planets are doubled, and the distance between them is also doubled, then the force between them is A) one quarter. B) half as much. C) twice as much. D) four times as much. E) none of these

Entropy measures A) temperature at constant pressure. B) temperature at constant volume. C) temperature as pressure increases. D) temperature as volume increases. E) messiness.

Evaporation takes place when matter changes from a __________. A) solid to a gas. B) solid to a liquid. C) gas to a liquid. D) gas to a solid. E) liquid to a gas.

always false

For the astronauts inside the orbiting space shuttle, there is no force of Earth gravity acting on them. This statement is A) always true while in orbit. B) sometimes true while in orbit. C) always false.

Forget it; you can't travel far enough

How far must one travel to get away from the Earth's gravitational field? A) to a region above the Earth's atmosphere B) to a region well beyond the moon C) to a region beyond the solar system D) Forget it; you can't travel far enough.

gravity will pull in a non-perpendicular direction as the block gets farther out on the plane

If a block is set sliding on a huge frictionless plane in contact with the Earth, it will NOT continue to move at constant speed because A) of its inertia.B) gravity will pull in a non-perpendicular direction as the block gets farther out on the plane. C) gravity gets weaker as distance increases. D) it is not free from the shackles of Earth's gravity.

If a monkey floating in outer space throws his hat away, the hat and the monkey will both A) move away from each other, but at different speeds. B) move away from each other at the same speed. C) move a short distance and then slow down. D) move a short distance and then go faster. E) come to a stop after a few minutes.

double

If a record player's rotational speed is doubled, then the linear speed of a pet hamster sitting on the edge of the record will A) double. B) halve. C) remain the same.

False

If all the friction could be eliminated in a heat engine, its efficiency would be 100%.

True

It is possible to totally convert a given amount of mechanical energy into heat.

False

It is possible to wholly convert a given amount of heat energy into mechanical energy.

are in free fall and experience apparent weightlessness

Passengers in a high-flying jumbo jet feel their normal weight in flight, while passengers in the orbiting space shuttle do not. This is because passengers in the space shuttle are A) beyond the main pull of Earth's gravity.B) above the Earth's atmosphere. C) are in free fall and experience apparent weightlessness. D) all of these E) none of these

Pull a closed plastic bag of dry air quickly down from a high elevation and the bag of air is __________. A) cooler. B) hotter. C) neither

Suppose that a tiny gun made of a strong but very light material fires a bullet that is more massive than the gun itself. For such a weapon A) the target would be safer than the shooter. B) recoil problems would be lessened. C) conservation of frogs would not hold.D) conservation of momentum would not hold.E) both conservation of frogs and momentum would not hold.

2 m/s

Suppose the circumference of a bicycle wheel is 2 meters. If it rotates at 1 revolution per second when you are riding the bicycle, then your speed will be A) 1 m/s. B) 2 m/s. C) 3 m/s. D) 3.14 m/s. E) 6.28 m/s.

Suppose the temperature of the input reservoir in a heat engine doesn't change. As the sink temperature is lowered, the efficiency of the engine __________. A) stays the same. B) increases. C) decreases.

lower than it is actually

Suppose you put very large-diameter tires on your car. Then, your speedometer will show a speed that is A) higher than it is actually. B) lower than it is actually. C) the same as before.

Systems that are left alone tend to move toward a state of __________. A) no entropy. B) less entropy. C) more entropy.

both inside and outside the Earth and throughout the entire universe

The Earth's gravitational field extends A) only above and beyond the Earth's surface and cancels inside the Earth. B) both inside and outside the Earth and throughout the entire universe. C) neither of these

unequal forces acting on different parts of a body

Tidal forces in general are the result of A) two or more sources of gravitation. B) a combination of any kind of forces acting on a body. C) unequal forces acting on different parts of a body. D) the inverse-square law. E) unequal fluid flow.

500 N

What is the force of gravity on a 500-newton woman standing on the Earth's surface? A) 50 N B)250 N C) 500 N D) 5000 N E) none of these

remains the same

When a star collapses to form a black hole, its mass A) increases. B) decreases.C) remains the same.

When a volume of air compresses and no heat enters or leaves, the air temperature will __________. A) remain unchanged. B) decrease. C) increase.

When a volume of air is compressed and no heat enters or leaves, the air temperature will A) increase. B) decrease. C) remain unchanged.

When heat is added to boiling water, the temperature of the boiling water__________. A) increases. B) stays the same. C) decreases.

False

When ice changes to water at 0 degrees Celsius, energy is released.

When steam condenses to water, it is a A) cooling process B) heating process C) neither causes heating nor cooling.

When water at 4 degrees C is heated it expands. When water at 4 degrees C is cooled, it A) contracts. B) expands. C) neither contracts nor expands.

You're driving down the highway and a bug spatters into your windshield. Which undergoes the greater change in momentum during the time of contact? A) the bugB) your car C) both the same

both of these

10. If an object radiates more energy than it absorbs, its a. thermal energy decreases. b. temperature decreases. c. both of these d. neither of these

low specific heat capacity

11) The fact that desert sand is very hot in the day and very cold at night is evidence that sand has a A) low specific heat capacity. B) high specific heat capacity.

decreases

14. On a windy day, atmospheric pressure A. increases. B. decreases. C. remains unchanged.

27) In an electric circuit, the safety fuse is connected to the circuit in A) series. B) parallel.

9) An electric motor and electric generator are A) very similar devices. B) entirely different devices.

19) Compared to its average speed in air, the average speed of a beam of light in glass is A) more. B) less. C) the same.

100 kP

2) Atmospheric pressure at sea level is about __________. A) 100 P B) 10 kP C) 100 kP D) 20 kP E) 10 P

feet

2) Blood pressure is normally greater in your A) ears. B) feet. C) same in each.

harmonics

34) The quality of a musical note has to do with its A) loudness. B) frequency. C) harmonics. D) amplitude. E) all of these.

1) A wiggle in time is a A) vibration. B) wave. C) both D) neither

1) Galileo's use of inclined planes allowed him to effectively A) slow down the acceleration of free fall. B) increase the acceleration beyond that of free fall. C) eliminate the acceleration of free fall. D) all of these. E) none of these.

two

1) How many different elements are in a water molecule? A) one B) two C) three D) four E) none

1) Most of the waves in the electromagnetic spectrum are A) red light. B) blue light. C) green light. D) invisible.

both A and D

1) Pressure in a liquid depends on the __________. A) depth of the measuring point. B) volume of the liquid. C) mass of the liquid. D) density of the liquid. E) both A and D

shorter the wavelengths it radiates

1) The higher the temperature of an object, the A) shorter the wavelengths it radiates. B) longer the wavelengths it radiates.

distances between molecules are larger

1) The main difference between gases and liquids is that in a gas __________. A) distances between molecules are larger. B) molecules collide more often. C) forces between molecules are larger. D) molecules are moving faster. E) all of the above

1) The natural frequency of the atoms in glass is in the A) visible part of the spectrum. B) ultraviolet part of the spectrum. C) infrared part of the spectrum.

1) The source of all magnetism is A) tiny pieces of iron. B) tiny domains of aligned atoms. C) ferromagnetic materials. D) moving electric charge. E) none of these.

1) The source of every sound is something that is A) vibrating. B) moving. C) accelerating. D) undergoing simple harmonic motion. E) a net emitter of energy.

...a longitudinal wave has all of these

1) Unlike a transverse wave, a longitudinal wave has A) no amplitude. B) no frequency. C) no wavelength. D) no speed. E) ...a longitudinal wave has all of these.

bottom of a submerged object

1) Water pressure is greatest against the A) top of a submerged object. B) bottom of a submerged object. C) sides of a submerged object. D) is the same against all surfaces E) none of these

bottom of a submerged object

1) Water pressure is greatest against the a. the top of a submerged object. b. bottom of a submerged object. c. sides of a submerged object. d. is the same against all surfaces.

cover a different distance in the same time

1) When a train makes a curve, different parts of the wheel rims A) cover a different distance in the same time. B) must all expand at the same time. C) must all contract at the same time. D) vibrate at different rates.

10) Surrounding every moving electron is A) a magnetic field. B) an electric field. C) both of these. D) none of these.

None of these statements is true

1) Which of these statements is true? A) Molecules form atoms that in turn determine chemical properties of a substance. B) Molecules are the smallest subdivision of matter that still retains chemical properties of a substance. C) Chemical elements are made up of about 100 distinct molecules. D) A molecule is the smallest particle that exists. E) None of these statements is true.

bottom of a submerged object

1)Water pressure is greatest against the A)sides of a submerged object. B)is the same against all surfaces. C)bottom of a submerged object. D)top of a submerged object. E)none of these.

simply the remains of a giant star that has undergone gravitational collapse

1. A black hole is A) an empty region of space with a huge gravitational field. B) a small region that contains the mass of many galaxies. C) simply the remains of a giant star that has undergone gravitational collapse.

If the mass of bullet equals the mass of the gun

1. A bullet is fired from a gun. The speed of the bullet will be the same as the speed of the recoiling gun a. Because momentum is conserved. b. Because velocity is conserved. c. Because both velocity and momentum are conserved. d. If the mass of bullet equals the mass of the gun e. None of these.

5 m

1. A stone is thrown horizontally from the top of a cliff. One second after it has left your hand its vertical distance below the top of the cliff is A) 5 m. B) 10 m. C) 15 m.

the more energetic molecules are able to break away from the liquid

1. Evaporation is a cooling process because a. head is radiated during the process b. of conduction and convection c. the more energetic molecules are able to break away from the liquid d. the temperature of the remaining liquid decreases

three times the usual power output

1. If you do work on an object in one-third the usual time, your power output is A) one third the usual power output. B) the usual power output. C) three times the usual power output. D) impossible to predict without additional information.

1. Light will almost always travel from one place to another along a path of least a. distance. b. time. c. effort. d. expense. e. complication.

solar power

1. The energy source responsible for the motion of molecules that make up the atmosphere is A. their own natural kinetic energy. B. the pressure caused by the weight of air. C. atmospheric tides. D. solar power.

1. The law of reflection says that a. the angle of reflection from a mirror equals the angle of incidence. b. waves incident on a mirror are partially reflected. c. all waves incident on a mirror are reflected. d. the angle a ray is reflected from a mirror is random.

1. The source of all magnetism is A. tiny pieces of iron. B. tiny domains of aligned atoms. C. ferromagnetic materials. D. moving electric charge. E. none of these.

1. Two charged particles held near each other are released. As they move, the acceleration of each decreases. Therefore, the particles have A. the same sign. B. opposite signs. C. not enough information given.

outside horse

1. Which moves faster in m/s on a merry-go-round: a horse on the inside or a horse on the outside near the outer rail? A) inside horse B) outside horse C) Both move at the same speed in m/s.

10) A device that transforms electrical energy to mechanical energy is a A) generator. B) motor. C) transformer. D) magnet. E) none of these.

both of these

10) A fish normally displaces its own A) volume of water. B) weight of water. C) both of these D) neither of these

10) An empty roller-coaster car at an amusement park takes 3 minutes to make its ride from start to finish. Neglecting friction, a fully loaded car would take A) less than 3 minutes. B) more than 3 minutes. C) 3 minutes.

the resultant forces and torques must both be zero

10) For a system in mechanical equilibrium A) the resultant force must be zero. B) the resultant torques must be zero. C) the resultant forces and torques must both be zero. D) the resultant forces and torques must be equal.

10) If an object falling freely downward were somehow equipped with an odometer to measure the distance it travels, then the amount of distance it travels each succeeding second would be A) constant. B) less and less. C) greater than the second before.

10) If you walk towards a mirror at a certain speed, the relative speed between you and your image is A) half your speed. B) your speed. C) twice your speed. D) none of these

10) In an ac circuit, the electric field A) increases via the inverse square law. B) changes magnitude and direction with time. C) is everywhere the same. D) is non-existent. E) none of these.

greater than the density of seawater

10) Lobsters live on the bottom of the ocean. The density of a lobster is __________. A) greater than the density of seawater B) equal to the density of seawater C) less than the density of seawater

10) Sound travels faster in A) air. B) water. C) steel. D) a vacuum. E) Sound travels at about the same speed in all of the above media.

all of these

10) Substances absorb heat energy by the process of A) radiation. B) conduction. C) convection. D) all of these

wet

10) Suppose you walk on red-hot coals with bare feet. Providing bits of the coals do not stick to your feet, it would be best if your feet are A) wet. B) dry. C) either wet or dry - it makes no difference.

10) The Earth pulls on the moon. Similarly the moon pulls on the Earth, evidence that the A) Earth and moon are simply pulling on each other. B) Earth's and moon's pulls comprise an action-reaction pair. C) both of these. D) neither of these.

10) The electrical force between charges is strongest when the charges are A) close together. B) far apart. C) the electric force is constant everywhere.

10) The frequency of a simple pendulum depends on A) its mass. B) its length. C) the acceleration due to gravity. D) all of these E) two of these

energy

10) To turn ice at 0 °C to water at 0 °C, we must add A) temperature. B) force. C) time. D) energy. E) it can't be done -- water is always warmer than that.

10) Two lamps, one with a thick filament and one with a thin filament, are connected in series. The current is greater in the lamp with the A) thick filament. B) thin filament. C) the same in each lamp.

copper expands more than iron

10) When a bimetallic bar made of copper and iron strips is heated, the bar bends toward the iron strip. The reason for this is A) iron gets hotter before copper. B) copper gets hotter before iron. C) copper expands more than iron. D) iron expands more than copper. E) none of these

unchanged

10) When a chocolate bar is cut in half, its density is A) unchanged. B) halved. C) doubled.

10) When a gas is changed to a liquid state, the gas A) releases energy. B) absorbs energy. C) neither releases nor absorbs energy. D) both releases and absorbs energy.

compression

10) When weight is applied to the top of a stone arch, all of the stone blocks in the arch undergo A) tension. B) compression. C) expansion. D) change of phase.

10) Your image in a plane mirror is A) virtual. B) real. C) both of these. D) neither of these.

the fired one

10. A hunter on level ground fires a bullet at an angle of 2 degrees below the horizontal while simultaneously dropping another bullet from the level of the rifle. Which bullet will hit the ground first? A) the dropped one B) the fired one C) Both hit at the same time.

10.3 m

10. About how high can water be theoretically lifted by a vacuum pump at sea level? A. less than 10.3 m B. more than 10.3 m C. 10.3 m

Earth

10. An object is placed exactly halfway between the Earth and moon. The object will fall toward the A) Earth. B) moon. C) neither of these

more likely to freeze

10. If the specific heat of water were lower than it is, in winter, ponds would be a. more likely to freeze b. less likely to freeze c. neither more nor less likely to freeze

Both of these

10. If the sun were twice as massive a. Its pull on the earth would double b. The pull of the earth on the sun would double c. Both of these d. Neither of these.

10. It is difficult to see the roadway in front of you when you are driving on a rainy night mainly because a. light scatters from raindrops and cuts down the light to reach your eyes. b. of added condensation on the inner surface of the windshield. c. the film of water on your windshield provides reflecting surface. d. the film of water on the roadway makes the road less diffuse. e. none of these.

10. Magnetic field lines about a current-carrying wire a. extend radially from the wire. b. circle the wire in closed loops. c. both of these d. neither of these

1/3 the distance from the fulcrum

10. On a balanced see saw, a boy three times as heavy as his partner sits A) 1/3 the distance from the fulcrum. B) less than 1/3 the distance from the fulcrum. C) more than 1/3 the distance from the fulcrum.

10. The average speed of light is greatest in a. orange glass. b. blue glass. c. red glass. d. green glass. e. It is the same in all of the above.

10. The electrical force between charges is strongest when the charges are A. close together. B. far apart. C. the electric force is constant everywhere.

11) A device that transforms mechanical energy into electrical energy is a A) generator. B) motor. C) transformer. D) magnet. E) none of these.

four times the other's

11) A flywheel's diameter is twice that of another of the same shape and mass. The larger flywheel's rotational inertia is A) four times the other's. B) two times the other's. C) the same as the other's. D) half the other's.

one ton

11) A one-ton blimp hovers in the air. The buoyant force acting on it is A) zero. B) one ton. C) less than one ton. D) more than one ton.

6 m/s

11) A wave travels an average distance of 6 meters in one second. What is the wave's velocity? A) less than 0.2 m/s. B) 1 m/s. C) 3 m/s. D) 6 m/s. E) more than 6 m/s.

copper

11) Aluminum has a specific heat capacity more than twice that of copper. Place equal masses of aluminum and copper wire in a flame and the one to undergo the fastest increase in temperature will be A) copper. B) aluminum. C) both the same

supersonic

11) An aircraft that flies faster than the speed of sound is said to be A) supersonic. B) subsonic. C) neither of these

volume

11) As a high-altitude balloon sinks lower and lower into the atmosphere, it undergoes a decrease in A) density. B) mass. C) weight. D) volume. E) none of these.

11) As more lamps are put into a series circuit, the overall current in the power source A) decreases. B) stays the same. C) increases.

random motions of atoms and molecules

11) Brownian motion has to do with the A) size of atoms. B) atomic vibrations. C) first direct measurement of atomic motion. D) random motions of atoms and molecules. E) rhythmic movements of atoms in a liquid.

faster

11) Compared to a glass of icewater with ice in it, a glass of plain ice-cold water without ice on a warm day will warm up A) slower. B) faster. C) in the same amount of time.

density increases

11) If a loaf of bread is compressed, its A) density decreases. B) molecules become harder. C) density increases. D) surface tension becomes less. E) none of these.

11) If an electron vibrates up and down 1000 times each second, it generates an electromagnetic wave having a A) period of 1000 s. B) speed of 1000 m/s. C) wavelength of 1000 m. D) frequency of 1000 Hz. E) wavelength of 1000 km.

11) If the frequency of a certain wave is 10 hertz, its period is A) 0.1 second. B) 10 seconds. C) 100 seconds. D) None of the above choices are correct.

11) Magnetism is due to the motion of electrons as they A) move around the nucleus. B) spin on their axes. C) both of these. D) none of these.

the same height as in the larger tube

11) One barometer tube has twice the cross-sectional area of another. Mercury in the smaller tube will rise __________. A) the same height as in the larger tube. B) four times as high as mercury in the larger tube. C) twice as high as mercury in the larger tube. D) more than four times as high as in the larger tube. E) none of the above

11) Rainbows exist because light is A) reflected. B) refracted. C) both of these. D) neither of these.

11) Sound waves cannot travel in A) air. B) water. C) steel. D) a vacuum. E) any of the above media

11) Ten seconds after starting from rest, an object falling freely downward will have a speed of about A) 10 m/s. B) 50 m/s. C) 100 m/s. D) more than 100 m/s.

11) The attraction of a person's body toward the Earth is called weight. The reaction to this force is A) the person's body pushing against the Earth's surface. B) the Earth's surface pushing against the person's body. C) the person's body pulling on the Earth. D) none of these.

11) The current through a 10-ohm resistor connected to a 120-V power supply is A) 1 A. B) 10 A. C) 12 A. D) 120 A. E) none of these

water

11) The density of a submerged submarine is about the same as the density of __________. A) iron B) a floating submarine C) a crab D) water E) none of the above

11) The electrical force between charges depends on the A) magnitude of electric charges. B) separation distance between electric charges. C) both of these. D) none of these.

more calories than are required to bring 50 grams of ice at absolute zero to the boiling point

11) To turn 50 grams of boiling water to steam requires A) 50 calories. B) 500 calories C) 540 calories. D) more calories than are required to bring 50 grams of ice at absolute zero to the boiling point. E) none of these.

higher in the water

11) When a boat sails from fresh water to salt water, the boat will float a. lower in the water. b. higher in the water. c. at the same water level.

tension

11) When a load is placed on the middle of a horizontal beam supported at each end, the bottom part of the beam undergoes A) tension. B) compression.

11) When a solid is changed to a liquid state, the solid A) releases energy. B) absorbs energy. C) neither releases nor absorbs energy. D) both releases and absorbs energy.

helium

11) Which of the following expands most when the temperature is increased? Equal volumes of A) iron. B) wood. C) ice water. D) helium. E) All expand the same.

0.5 s

11. A bullet fired horizontally over level ground hits the ground in 0.5 second. If it had been fired with twice the speed in the same direction, it would have hit the ground in A) less than 0.5 s. B) more than 0.5 s. C) 0.5 s.

11. A penny lies in the bottom of a tea cup filled with water. As you look down on the penny, compared to its actual depth, it looks a. closer. b. farther away. c. at the same depth.

Sphere

11. A ring, a disk and a solid sphere begin rolling down a hill together. The one to reach the bottom first is the: a. Ring b. Disk c. Sphere d. ...They all reach the bottom at the same time e. Not enough information is given.

Bernoulli's principle

11. Airplane flight best illustrates A. Archimedes' principle. B. Pascal's principle. C. Bernoulli's principle. D. Boyle's law.

11. Magnetism is due to the motion of electrons as they A. move around the nucleus. B. spin on their axes. C. both of these. D. none of these.

11. Ninety-five percent of light incident on a mirror is reflected. How much light is reflected when three of these mirrors are arranged so light reflects from one after the other? a. 81% b. 85% c. 86% d. 90% e. 95%

two

11. Put a pipe over the end of a wrench when trying to turn a stubborn nut on a bolt, to effectively make the wrench handle twice as long, youʹll multiply the torque by A) two. B) four. C) eight.

radiation

11. The silver coating of the glass surfaces of a Thermos bottle reduces energy that is transferred by a. conduction d. friction b. convection c. radiation

40 J

11.A bow is drawn so that it has 40 J of potential energy. When fired, the arrow will ideally have a kinetic energy that is A) less than 40 J. B) more than 40 J. C) 40 J. D) impossible to predict without additional information

12) A 10-ohm resistor has a 5-A current in it. What is the voltage across the resistor? A) 5 V B) 10 V C) 15 V D) 20 V E) more than 20 V

12) A 60-vibration-per-second wave travels 30 meters in 1 second. Its frequency is A) 30 hertz and it travels at 60 m/s. B) 60 hertz and it travels at 30 m/s. C) 1800 hertz and it travels at 2 m/s.

10 m/s

12) A floating object oscillates up and down 2 complete cycles in 1 second as a water wave of wavelength 5 meters passes by. The speed of the wave is A) 2 m/s. B) 5 m/s. C) 10 m/s. D) 15 m/s. E) none of these.

12) A skydiver falls towards the Earth. The attraction of the Earth on the diver pulls the diver down. What is the reaction to this force? A) air resistance the diver encounters while falling B) water resistance that will soon act upward on the diver C) the attraction to the planets, stars, and every particle in the universe D) all of these E) none of these

12) A transistor is an example of A) a resistor. B) a superconductor. C) a semiconductor. D) a dry cell. E) electrostatic shielding

narrower

12) As a supersonic craft increases in speed, the angle of its V-shaped shock wave becomes A) wider. B) narrower. C) neither

two of these

12) Consider a closed, sealed can of air placed on a hot stove. The contained air undergoes an increase in A) mass. B) pressure. C) temperature. D) all of these. E) two of these.

higher temperature

12) Food in a pressure cooker is cooked faster because of the A) greater rate of bubble formation in the water. B) higher temperature. C) increased internal energy in the water. D) all of these. E) none of these.

12) If an object falls with constant acceleration, the velocity of the object must A) be constant also. B) continuously change by the same amount each second. C) continuously change by varying amounts depending on its speed. D) continuously decrease. E) none of these.

12) If the voltage produced by a generator alternates, it does so because A) unlike a battery, it produces alternating current. B) the changing magnetic field that produces it alternates. C) alterations in the mechanical energy input. D) in effect it is an ac motor in reverse. E) the current it produces alternates.

12) In which case would you have the largest mass of gold? If your chunk of gold weighed 1 N on the A) moon. B) Earth. C) planet Jupiter.

12) Magnetic domains normally occur in A) iron. B) copper. C) silver. D) all of these. E) none of these.

both of these

12) The dunking bird will dunk more frequently if A) its lower end is warmed, say by a nearby lamp. B) a breeze blows across its wet beak. C) both of these. D) neither of these.

high specific heat

12) The moderate temperatures of islands throughout the world has much to do with water's A) poor conductivity. B) high evaporation rate. C) high specific heat. D) absorption of solar energy. E) vast supply of internal energy.

12) The source of all electromagnetic waves is A) heat. B) magnetic fields. C) electric fields. D) vibrating charges. E) none of these

weights

12) Two tubes of equal cross-sectional area are filled, one with water and one with mercury. The heights of the liquids are, respectively, 10.3 m and 0.76 m. Both liquids have equal __________. A) densities. B) numbers of molecules. C) volumes. D) weights. E) none of the above

10 tons

12) What is the buoyant force acting on a 10-ton ship floating in the ocean? a. less than 10 tons b. 10 tons c. more than 10 tons d. depends on density of sea water

12) When liquids change to a solid state, they A) absorb energy. B) release energy. C) neither absorb nor release energy. D) both absorb and release energy.

12) When we say an appliance such as a toaster "uses up electricity," we really are saying that A) electrons are taken out of the circuit and put somewhere else. B) electric charges are dissipated. C) the main power supply voltage is lowered. D) current disappears. E) electron kinetic energy is changed into heat.

12) When white light goes from air into water, the color that refracts the most is A) red. B) orange. C) violet. D) green. E) all refract the same amount.

100 N

12. A weight watcher who normally weighs 400 N stands on top of a very tall ladder so she is one Earth radius above the Earthʹs surface. How much would she weigh there? A) 0 B) 100 N C) 200 N D) 400 N E) none of these

12. The intensity of cosmic rays bombarding the earth's surface is largest at the a. poles. b. mid-latitudes. c. equator.

center of mass

12. Toss a baseball bat into the air and it wobbles about its A) geometrical center. B) center of mass. C) heavier end.

heat

12. When a car is braked to a stop, its kinetic energy is transformed to A) stopping energy. B) potential energy. C) energy of motion. D) energy of rest. E) heat.

Increases

12. When a twirling ice skater brings her arms inward, her rotational speed a. Increases b. Decreases c. Remains the same.

warmer

12. When water vapor condenses on the inside of a window, the room becomes slightly a. warmer b.cooler c. neither warmer nor cooler

13. An electroscope is charged positively as shown by foil leaves that stand apart. As a negative charge is brought close to the electroscope, the leaves A. fall closer together. B. spread apart further. C. do not move.

13) A principle difference between an MHD generator and a conventional generator is that the MHD generator A) has no moving parts. B) operates more efficiently at high temperatures. C) both of these. D) neither of these.

more than 10.3 m

13) Alcohol is less dense than water. If alcohol is used to make a barometer on a day when atmospheric pressure is normal, the level of the alcohol will be __________. A) more than 10.3 m B) 10.3 m C) less than 10.3 m

13) An object that completes 10 vibrations in 20 seconds has a frequency of A) 0.5 hertz. B) 2 hertz. C) 200 hertz.

13) An object weighs 30 N on Earth. A second object weighs 30 N on the moon. Which has the greater mass? A) the one on Earth B) the one on the moon C) they have the same mass D) not enough information to say

sink

13) If an object has a density greater than the density of water, it will __________. A) neither float nor sink, but stay anywhere it is put B) sink C) float

atmospheric pressure

13) In drinking soda or water through a straw, we make use of A) capillary action. B) surface tension. C) atmospheric pressure. D) Bernoulli's principle. E) none of these

13) Magnetic field lines about a current-carrying wire A) extend radially from the wire. B) circle the wire in closed loops. C) both of these. D) neither of these.

cools the surrounding air

13) Melting snow A) cools the surrounding air. B) warms the surrounding air. C) neither warms nor cools the surrounding air.

13) Superconductors are noted for their A) high electric resistance. B) low electric resistance. C) absence of electric resistance.

vibrating

13) The source of every sound is something that is A) vibrating. B) moving. C) accelerating. D) undergoing simple harmonic motion. E) a net emitter of energy.

100 tons

13) What is the weight of water displaced by a 100-ton floating ship? A) less than 100 tons B) 100 tons C) more than 100 tons D) 100 cubic meters E) depends on the ship's shape

100 tons

13) What is the weight of water displaced by a 100-ton floating ship? a. less than 100 tons b. 100 tons c. more than 100 tons d. 100 cubic meters

warmer

13) When water vapor condenses on the inside of a window, the room becomes slightly A) warmer. B) neither warmer nor cooler. C) cooler.

13) Which is more dangerous, touching a faulty 110-volt light fixture, or a Van de Graaff generator charged to 100,000 volts? Touching the A) light fixture. B) generator. C) both about equally dangerous.

13) Which of the following is fundamentally different from the others? A) sound waves B) X-rays C) gamma rays D) light waves E) radio waves

None. All of the above choices are mixtures.

13) Which of the following is not a mixture? A) granite B) cake C) air D) beach sand E) None. All of the above choices are mixtures.

always false

13. A hydraulic press, like an inclined plane, is capable of increasing energy. A) sometimes true B) always false C) always true D) sometimes false

75 degrees

13. A projectile is launched at ground level an angle of 15 degrees above the horizontal and lands down range. What other projection angle for the same speed would produce the same down-range distance? A) 30 degrees B) 45 degrees C) 50 degrees D) 75 degrees E) 90 degrees

Both forces are the same

13. A very massive object A and a less massive object B move toward each other under the influence of gravitation. Which force, if either, is greater? A) the force on A B) the force on B C) Both forces are the same.

Both of these

13. According to the impulse-momentum equation Ft = change in (mv), a person will suffer less injury falling bon a wooden floor which "gives" that on a more rigid cement floor. The "F" in the above equation stands for the force exerted on the: a. Person. b. Floor. c. Both of these. d. None of these.

14) A heater uses 20 A when used in a 110-V line. If electric power costs 10 cents per kilowatt hour, the cost of running the heater for 10 hours is A) $0.22. B) $0.55. C) $2.20. D) $5.50. E) none of these.

removes internal energy from inside the refrigerator

14) A refrigerator A) causes internal energy to disappear. B) produces cold. C) changes heat into cold. D) removes internal energy from inside the refrigerator. E) none of these.

14) A transformer actually transforms A) voltage. B) magnetic field lines. C) generators into motors. D) non-safe forms of energy to safe forms of energy. E) all of these.

6 m/s

14) A wave travels an average distance of 6 m in 1 s. What is the wave's velocity? A) 1 m/s B) 3 m/s C) more than 6 m/s D) 6 m/s E) less than 0.2 m/s

the impact of the molecular collisions on the tire

14) Air pressure in a tire depends on__________. A) the number of molecular collisions each second. B) molecules banging into the inside of the tire wall. C) the density of air inside the tire. D) the impact of the molecular collisions on the tire. E) all of the above

14) An object's weight may properly be expressed in A) meters per second. B) kilograms. C) newtons. D) none of the above.

0.001

14) Consider the fictional case of the incredible shrinking man. If he shrinks proportionately to 1/10 his original height and his density remains constant, then his weight will be multiplied by A) 0.1. B) 0.01. C) 0.001. D) 0.0001. E) none of these.

wavelength

14) Double the frequency of a sound and you halve its A) wavelength. B) speed. C) amplitude. D) all of these. E) none of these.

crushed

14) Ice is put in a cooler in order to cool the contents. In order to speed up the cooling process, the ice can be A) wrapped in newspaper. B) crushed. C) drained of ice water periodically. D) kept in circulating air currents provided by a small fire under one end of the cooler. E) kept out of contact with the food.

14) If a car increases its velocity from zero to 60 km/h in 10 seconds, its acceleration is A) 3 km/h s. B) 6 km/h s. C) 10 km/h s. D) 60 km/h s. E) 600 km/h s.

neither float nor sink, but stay anywhere it is put

14) If an object has a density equal to the density of water, it will __________. A) sink B) float C) neither float nor sink, but stay anywhere it is put

14) If you wish to hit a blue fish with a red laser beam, you should compensate for refraction between the air and water by aiming your laser A) below the sighted fish. B) directly at the sighted fish. C) above the sighted fish.

orbital electrons

14) In an electrically neutral atom, the number of protons in the nucleus is balanced by an equal number of A) neutrons. B) quarks. C) orbital electrons. D) all of these E) none of these

14) Rub electrons from your hair with a comb and the comb becomes A) negatively charged. B) positively charge.

compression

14) Stone slabs are stronger under A) tension. B) compression. C) same strength.

14) The force on an electron moving in a magnetic field will be the largest when its direction is A) the same as the magnetic field direction. B) exactly opposite to the magnetic field direction. C) perpendicular to the magnetic field direction. D) at an angle other than 90 degrees to the magnetic field direction. E) none of these.

14) The natural frequency of the atoms in glass is in the A) infrared part of the spectrum. B) visible part of the spectrum. C) ultraviolet part of the spectrum.

14) The source of electrons in an ordinary electrical circuit is A) a dry cell, wet cell or battery. B) the back emf of motors. C) the power station generator. D) the electrical conductor itself. E) none of these.

by a force equal to the weight of liquid displaced.

14) When an object is partly or wholly immersed in a liquid, it is buoyed up A) by a force equal to its own weight. B) by a force equal to the weight of liquid displaced. C) and floats because of Archimedes principle. D) but nevertheless sinks. E) none of these

by a force equal to the weight of liquid displaced

14) When an object is partly or wholly immersed in a liquid, it is buoyed up a. by a force equal to its own weight. b. by a force equal to the weight of liquid displaced. c. and floats because of Archimedes principle. d. but nevertheless sinks.

14) When heat is added to boiling water, its temperature A) increases. B) decreases. C) does not change.

expands

14) When water at 4 degrees C is heated it expands. When water at 4 degrees C is cooled, it A) contracts. B) expands. C) neither contracts nor expands.

14) You wish to photograph the image of your little sister, who is standing 2 meters from a plane mirror. Holding the camera beside her head, you should set the distance for A) 1 meter. B) 2 meters. C) 3 meters. D) 4 meters. E) none of these

increase

14)Suppose you are standing on a weighing scale and all of a sudden the atmosphere vanished. The reading on the scale would A) remain the same. B) increase. C) decrease.

always true

14. A hydraulic press, like a wheel and axle, is capable of multiplying force input. A) always true B) always false C) sometimes true D) sometimes false

40 degrees

14. A projectile is fired into the air at an angle of 50 degrees with the ground and lands on a target that is at the same level at which the projectile started. It will also land on the target if it is fired at an angle of A) 40 degrees. B) 45 degrees. C) 55 degrees. D) 60 degrees. E) none of these

14. The force on an electron moving in a magnetic field will be the largest when its direction is A. the same as the magnetic field direction. B. exactly opposite to the magnetic field direction. C. perpendicular to the magnetic field direction. D. at an angle other than 90 degrees to the magnetic field direction. E. none of these.

increases

14. Two objects move toward each other because of gravity. As the objects get closer and closer, the force between them A) increases. B) decreases. C) increases, then decreases. D) decreases, then increases. E) remains constant.

14. Two protons attract each other gravitationally and repel each other electrically. By far the greater is A. the gravitational attraction. B. the electrical repulsion. C. neither - they are the same.

14. Which pole of a compass needle points to a south pole of a magnet? a. north pole. b. south pole. c. both of these

less than its surroundings

14. if a poor absorber of radiation were a good emitter, its temperature would be a. less than its surroundings b. more than its surroundings c. the same as its surroundings.

15) A diver shines light up to the surface of a smooth pond at a 10 degree angle to the normal. Some light passes into the air above, and the part that reflects back into the water makes an angle to the normal of A) less than 10 degrees. B) 10 degrees. C) more than 10 degrees.

15) A force is a vector quantity because it has both A) magnitude and direction. B) mass and acceleration. C) action and reaction counterparts.

15) A mirage occurs for road surfaces that are A) warm. B) snowy. C) wet. D) cold. E) hard.

15) An electron and a proton A) attract each other. B) repel each other.

15) An object that completes 100 vibrations in 5 seconds has a period of A) 0.5 second. B) 1 second. C) 2 seconds. D) None of the above choices are correct.

15) Boiling water does not increase in temperature when additional heat is applied because A) the temperature doesn't change in a change of state. B) added input energy doesn't increase the water's internal energy. C) the increased heating produces increased boiling, and therefore increased cooling. D) none of these

pressure and volume

15) Boyle's law relates __________. A) pressure and volume. B) pressure and number of molecules. C) pressure and temperature. D) temperature and volume. E) none of the above

15) Compared to the amount of electric current in the filament of a lamp, the amount of current in the connecting wire is A) definitely less. B) often less. C) the same. D) actually more. E) incredibly, all of these.

15) If a rocket initially at rest accelerates at a rate of 50 m/s2 for one minute, its speed will be A) 50 m/s. B) 500 m/s. C) 3000 m/s. D) 3600 m/s. E) none of these.

The water in them contains dissolved salts and sugars

15) Stored potatoes, beets, and rutabagas freeze at temperatures below zero degrees Celsius (rather than AT zero) because A) The water in them contains dissolved salts and sugars. B) They are good radiators of energy. C) They are good absorbers of radiant energy. D) They are very dense. E) All of these.

15) The intensity of cosmic rays bombarding the Earth's surface is largest at the A) poles. B) mid-latitudes. C) equator.

radiation

15) The planet Earth loses heat mainly by A) convection. B) radiation. C) conduction. D) all of these

15) The primary of a transformer is the coil connected to A) the load. B) the Internet. C) the power line. D) none of these.

20 hertz to 20,000 hertz

15) The range of human hearing is from about A) 10 hertz to 10,000 hertz. B) 20 hertz to 20,000 hertz. C) 40 hertz to 40,000 hertz. D) actually all of these, depending on the person.

the iron displaces more water than it would if it were in a solid block

15) The reason an iron ship doesn't sink is that __________. A) air inside decreases it's weight B) the iron displaces more water than it would if it were in a solid block C) iron is less dense than water D) Nonsense -- an iron ship will always sink

15) The source of electrons lighting an incandescent ac light bulb is A) the power company. B) electrical outlet. C) atoms in the light bulb filament. D) the wire leading to the lamp. E) the source voltage.

thickness

15) The strength of a rope depends on its A) thickness. B) length. C) both of these

15) Two 10-newton weights are pulling on the spring scale as shown. The reading on the scale is A) 0 N. B) 10 N. C) 20 N.

15) When ultraviolet light is incident upon glass, atoms in the glass A) are forced into vibration. B) resonate. C) pass the light energy along practically undiminished. D) freely absorb and re-emit most of the ultraviolet light.

a lower temperature than at sea level

16) Near the top of a mountain, water in an open pot boils at A) a higher temperature than at sea level. B) the same temperature as at sea level. C) a lower temperature than at sea level. D) None of the above choices are true.

The condensation of 1 gram of steam at 100 degrees Celsius to 100 degrees Celsius water

15) Which involves the larger number of calories? A) The condensation of 1 gram of steam at 100 degrees Celsius to 100 degrees Celsius water. B) The change of state of 1 gram of 100-degree-Celsius water to 1 gram of ice at absolute zero. C) Both involve the same number of calories.

balanced

15)When a gas is heated and becomes a plasma, its electric charge is usually A) negative. B) non-existent C) balanced. D) positive. E) none of these.

the same as its potential energy

15. After rolling halfway down an incline a marbleʹs kinetic energy is A) less than its potential energy. B) greater than its potential energy. C) the same as its potential energy. D) impossible to determine.

15. A beam of light emerges from water into air at an angle. The beam is bent a. away from the normal. b. not at all. c. 48 degrees upward. d. 96 degrees upward. e. towards the normal.

a good emitter of radiation

15. A good absorber of radiation is a. a good emitter of radiation b. a poor emitter of radiation c. a good reflector

15. An electric motor and electric generator are a. very similar devices. b. entirely different devices.

Decreases

15. An open freight car rolls friction free along a horizontal track in a pouring rain that falls vertically. As water accumulates in the car, its speed a. Increases. b. Decreases. c. Doesn't change. d. Impossible to predict.

15. Atmospheric refraction makes the daylight hours a bit a. longer. b. shorter. c. longer in summer but shorter in winter.

above a place of support

15. The famous Leaning Tower of Pisa doesnʹt topple over because its center of gravity is A) above a place of support. B) relatively low for such a tall building. C) stabilized by its structure. D) displaced from its center. E) in the same place as its center of mass.

15. The intensity of cosmic rays bombarding the Earth's surface is largest at the A. poles. B. mid-latitudes. C. equator.

15. The primary purpose of a lightning rod is to A. attract lightning and guide it to the ground. B. discharge the structure to which it is attached. C. cancel the electric field within the structure to which it is attached. D. induce within the structure to which it is attached a charge opposite to that of charged clouds overhead.

increases

15. Two objects move toward each other because of gravity. As the objects get closer and closer, the acceleration of each A) increases. B) decreases. C) remains constant.

16) A 10-kg brick and a 1-kg book are dropped in a vacuum. The force of gravity on the 10-kg brick is A) the same as the force on the 1-kg book. B) 10 times as much as the force on the 1-kg book. C) zero.

16) A weight suspended from a spring bobs up and down over a distance of 1 meter in two seconds. Its frequency is A) 0.5 hertz. B) 1 hertz. C) 2 hertz. D) None of the above choices are correct.

16) A woman experiences an electrical shock. The electrons making the shock come from the A) woman's body. B) ground. C) power plant. D) hairdryer. E) electric field in the air.

10.3 m

16) About how high can water be theoretically lifted by a vacuum pump at sea level? A) less than 10.3 m B) more than 10.3 m C) 10.3 m

16) Drop a rock from a 5-m height and it accelerates at 10 m/s2 and strikes the ground 1 s later. Drop the same rock from a height of 2.5 m and its acceleration of fall is A) about half. B) the same. C) more.

16) For increased atmospheric pressure, the boiling temperature of a liquid A) goes down. B) goes up. C) remains at 100 degrees C.

16) If we think of the Earth as a magnet, its north (-seeking) pole is nearest A) the Hudson Bay region of Canada. B) Australia. C) both of these.

increases by a factor of 2

16) If you squeeze a balloon to one half its original size, the pressure inside __________. A) stays the same B) increases by a factor of 2 C) increases by a factor of 4 D) decreases by a factor of 2 E) decreases by a factor of 4

16) When an ideal gas is subjected to an adiabatic process A) no work is done on the gas. B) the temperature of the gas does not change. C) the internal energy of the gas does not change. D) Choices A, B, and C are all true. E) None of the above choices are true.

it displaces a weight of water equal to its own weight

16) When first put in water, a plastic toy boat will sink until __________. A) it displaces a volume of water equal to its own volume B) the water density equals the density of the boat C) it displaces a weight of water equal to its own weight D) the buoyant force equals the volume of the boat E) the buoyant force equals the density of the boat

16. A mirage is a result of atmospheric a. reflection. b. refraction. c. scattering. d. dispersion. e. aberrations.

Earth

16. An object is placed exactly halfway between Earth and Moon. The object will fall toward the a. Earth b. Moon c. Neither of these.

the same height as in the larger tube

16. Consider two mercury barometers, one with twice the cross-sectional area of the other. Neglecting capillarity, mercury in the smaller tube will rise A. the same height as in the larger tube. B. twice as high as mercury in the larger tube. C. four times as high as mercury in the larger tube. D. more than four times as high as in the larger tube. E. none of these.

16. If we think of the Earth as a magnet, its north (-seeking) pole is nearest A. the Hudson Bay region of Canada. B. Australia. C. both of these.

16. Magnet A has twice the magnetic field strength of magnet B, and at a certain distance pulls on magnet B with a force of 100 N. The amount of force that magnet A exerts on magnet B is a. at or about 50 N. b. exactly 100 N. c. More information is needed.

slow moving molecules coalescing on the grass

16. Morning dew on the grass is a result of a. evaporation of water b. the open-structured form of water crystals c. slow moving molecules coalescing on the grass d. air pressure on water vapor

practically the same weight

16. The force of gravity acts on all apples on an apple tree. Some apples are twice as far from the ground as others. These twice-as-high apples, for the same mass, have A) 1/4 the weight. B) 1/2 the weight. C) practically the same weight.

presently exists

16. The technology for orbiting solar power plants a. awaits the next century. b. presently exists.

30 degrees

16. Two projectiles are fired from ground level at equal speeds but different angles. One is fired at an angle of 30 degrees and the other at 60 degrees. The projectile to hit the ground first will be the one fired at (neglect air resistance) A) 30 degrees. B) 60 degrees. C) Both hit at the same time.

17) A ball tossed vertically upward rises, reaches its highest point, and then falls back to its starting point. During this time the acceleration of the ball is always A) in the direction of motion. B) opposite its velocity. C) directed upward. D) directed downward.

17) An object is propelled along a straight-line path by a force. If the net force were doubled, the object's acceleration would A) quadruple. B) double. C) stay the same. D) halve. E) none of these.

lower in the water

17) Compared to an empty ship, the same ship loaded with plastic foam will float __________. A) higher in the water B) at the same level in the water C) lower in the water

17) Compared to the primary voltage, the secondary voltage may be A) larger. B) smaller. C) the same. D) the same or smaller, but not larger. E) larger, smaller, or the same.

17) Consider light energy that is momentarily absorbed in glass and then re-emitted. Compared to the absorbed light, the frequency of the re-emitted light is A) considerably less. B) slightly less. C) the same. D) slightly more. E) considerably more.

17) During an adiabatic compression of an ideal gas, A) the internal energy of the gas remains constant. B) the temperature of the gas does not change. C) no heat is supplied to or removed from the gas. D) no work is done on the gas. E) None of the above choices are true.

surface of bodies of water

17) Ice tends to form first at the A) surface of bodies of water. B) bottom of bodies of water. C) surface or bottom depending on the water depth.

17) In a common dc circuit, electrons move at speeds of A) a fraction of a centimeter per second. B) many centimeters per second. C) the speed of a sound wave. D) the speed of light. E) none of these

17) In a common dc circuit, electrons move at speeds of A) a fraction of a centimeter per second. B) many centimeters per second. C) the speed of a sound wave. D) the speed of light. E) none of these.

of electrical forces

17) Solid matter is mostly empty space. The reason solids don't fall through one another is because A) atoms are constantly vibrating, even at absolute zero. B) of nuclear forces. C) of gravitational forces. D) of electrical forces. E) none of these

a vacuum

17) Sound waves cannot travel in A) air. B) water. C) steel. D) a vacuum. E) sound can travel in all of these.

all of the above

17) The air in your classroom has __________. A) weight. B) mass. C) energy. D) temperature. E) all of the above

the principle of Archimedes

17) The flight of a blimp best illustrates A) the principle of Archimedes. B) Pascal's principle. C) Bernoulli's principle. D) Boyle's law.

17) The primary purpose of a lightning rod is to A) attract lightning and guide it to the ground. B) discharge the structure to which it is attached. C) cancel the electric field within the structure to which it is attached. D) induce within the structure to which it is attached a charge opposite to that of charged clouds overhead.

the density of both you and the jacket together is less than your density alone

17) The reason a life jacket helps you float is a. the jacket makes you weigh less. b. the jacket has the same density as an average human. c. the jacket repels water. d. if you sink, the jacket sinks. e. the density of both you and the jacket together is less than your density alone.

17) Which pole of a compass needle points to a south pole of a magnet? A) north pole B) south pole C) both of these

the bottom

17. A ball rolling down an incline has its maximum kinetic energy at A) the top. B) halfway down. C) three-quarters of the way down. D) the bottom.

No, because the force and the displacement of the object are perpendicular

17. A child is riding merry-go-round. Does the centripetal force acting on a child do work on him? a. Yes, since a force acts and the object moves, and work is force times distance. b. Yes, since it takes energy to turn an object. c. No, because the object has constant speed. d. No, because the force and the displacement of the object are perpendicular.

the same as it was at the top of its path

17. After a rock thrown straight up reaches the top of its path and then falls a short distance, its acceleration is (neglect air resistance) A) greater than when it was a the top of its path. B) less than when it was at the top of its path. C) the same as it was at the top of its path.

17. Compared to the huge force that attracts an iron tack to a strong magnet, the force that the tack exerts on the magnet is a. relatively small. b. equally huge. c. More information is needed.

17. Different colors of light travel at different speeds in a transparent medium. In a vacuum, different colors of light travel at a. the same speed. b. different speeds.

greater than air pressure outside the balloon

17. Gas pressure inside an inflated stretched balloon is actually\ A. less than air pressure outside the balloon. B. equal to air pressure outside the balloon. C. greater than air pressure outside the balloon.

stay the same

17. If molecules in a sample as moved so they completely missed each other, the gas's temperature would a. increase b. decrease c. stay the same

17. The twinkling of the stars is a result of atmospheric a. reflection. b. refraction. c. scattering. d. dispersion. e. aberrations.

17. When a car is struck by lightning, the resulting electric field inside the car is A. normally huge, but for a brief time. B. normally huge for a time longer than the lightning stroke itself. C. small enough to be safe for an occupant inside. D. zero.

increases to four times as much

17. When the distance between two stars decreases by half, the force between them A) decreases by one-quarter. B) decreases by one-half. C) increases to twice as much. D) increases to four times as much. E) stays the same.

17. Which pole of a compass needle points to a south pole of a magnet? A. north pole B. south pole C. both of these

electrical force

18) A force that determines the chemical properties of an atom is a(n) A) friction force. B) nuclear force. C) gravitational force. D) electrical force. E) none of these

18) A process which takes place at constant temperature is A) an adiabatic process. B) an isothermal process. C) impossible.

1000 cycles per second

18) A wave having a frequency of 1000 hertz vibrates at A) less than 1000 cycles per second. B) 1000 cycles per second. C) more than 1000 cycles per second.

500 kg per cubic meter

18) A wooden block has a mass of 1000 kg and a volume of 2 cubic meters. What is the block's density? A) 100 kg per cubic meter B) 200 kg per cubic meter C) 500 kg per cubic meter D) 1000 kg per cubic meter E) none of these

greater than air pressure outside the balloon

18) Gas pressure inside an inflated stretched balloon is __________. A) greater than air pressure outside the balloon B) less than air pressure outside the balloon C) equal to air pressure outside the balloon

18) If an object's mass is decreasing while a constant force is applied to the object, the acceleration A) decreases. B) increases. C) remains the same.

18) To say that an object is electrically polarized is to say A) it is electrically charged. B) its charges have been rearranged. C) its internal electric field is zero. D) it is only partially conducting. E) it is to some degree magnetic.

equal to the weight of the other bucket

18) Two equal-sized buckets are filled to the top with water. One of the buckets has a piece of wood floating in it, making its total weight __________. A) more than the weight of the other bucket B) less than the weight of the other bucket C) equal to the weight of the other bucket

18) Wave interference occurs for A) sound waves. B) light waves. C) water waves. D) All of the above choices are correct. E) None of the above choices are correct.

18) When a light switch is turned on in a dc circuit, the average speed of electrons in the lamp is A) the speed of sound waves in metal. B) the speed of light. C) 1000 cm/s. D) less than 1 cm/s. E) dependent on how quickly each electron bumps into the next electron.

18) While a car travels around a circular track at constant speed its A) acceleration is zero. B) velocity is zero. C) both of these. D) none of these.

18) Your friend says that the heavyweight champion of the world cannot exert a force of 50 N on a piece of tissue paper with his best punch. The tissue paper is held in midair - no wall, no tricks. You A) agree that it can't be done. B) have reservations about this assertion. C) disagree, for a good punch easily delivers this much force.

the bottom

18. A block of ice sliding down an incline has its maximum speed at A) the top. B) the bottom. C) halfway down. D) difficult to predict without knowing the slope of the incline E) difficult to predict without knowing the coefficient of friction

both the spin of the Earth and the shape of the Earth

18. A person weighs less at the equator than at the poles. The main reason for this has to do with A) the spin of the Earth. B) the shape of the Earth. C) both the spin of the Earth and the shape of the Earth. D) the influence of the sun, moon, and all the planets. E)the law of action and reaction.

18. If a compass is moved from the northern hemisphere to the southern hemisphere, its magnetic needle will change direction a. by 180°. b. depending on where the measurement is taken. c. by 90°. d. hardly at all. e. none of these

18. If you walk towards a mirror at a certain speed, your relative speed with respect to your image is a. the same as your actual speed. b. half your actual speed. c. twice your actual speed. d. none of the above

Jupiterʹs radius is 10 times the Earthʹs radius

18. The planet Jupiter is about 300 times as massive as Earth, yet on its surface you would weigh only about 3 times as much. This is because A) your mass is 100 times less on Jupiter. B) Jupiter is significantly farther from the sun. C) Jupiterʹs radius is 10 times the Earthʹs radius. D) you are 100 times more weightless there. E) none of these

Nothing; theyʹre falling continuously all around the Earth

18. What prevents satellites such as a space shuttle from falling? A) gravity B) the absence of air drag C) Nothing; theyʹre falling continuously all around the Earth.

19) A balloon will stick to a wooden wall if the balloon is charged A) negatively. B) positively. C) either way. D) neither way.

greater on the lead

19) A block of balsa wood floats on water while a same-size block of lead lies submerged in the water. The buoyant force is __________. A) greater of the wood. B) greater on the lead. C) the same for both

19) A car accelerates from rest at 2 meters per second per second. What is its speed 3 seconds after the car starts moving? A) 2 m/s B) 3 m/s C) 4 m/s D) 6 m/s E) none of these

19) A piece of rope is pulled by two people in a tug-of-war. Each pulls with 400 N of force. What is the tension in the rope? A) zero B) 400 N C) 600 N D) 800 N E) none of these

19) A standing wave occurs when A) two waves overlap. Review 17-21.doc - 4 - B) a wave reflects upon itself. C) the speed of the wave is zero or near zero. D) the amplitude of a wave exceeds its wavelength.

19) A standing wave occurs when A) two waves overlap. B) a wave reflects upon itself. C) the speed of the wave is zero or near zero. D) the amplitude of a wave exceeds its wavelength.

19) Alternating current is normally produced by a A) battery. B) generator. C) both of these. D) neither of these.

19) An object is propelled along a straight-line path in space by a force. If the mass of the object somehow becomes twice as much, its acceleration A) quadruples. B) doubles. C) stays the same. D) halves. E) none of these.

19) Disconnect a small-voltage battery from a coil of many loops of wire and a large voltage is produced by A) the large collapse in the magnetic field. B) latent energy in the battery. C) the resistance of the battery to a change in polarity. D) electrons already in the wire. E) the electric field between the battery terminals.

19) Magnet A has twice the magnetic field strength of Magnet B and at a certain distance pulls on magnet B with a force of 100 N. The amount of force that magnet A exerts on magnet B is A) at or about 50 N. B) exactly 100 N. C) more information is needed.

2 m

19) The amplitude of a particular wave is 1 m. The top to bottom distance of the disturbance is A) 0.5 m. B) 2 m. C) 1 m. D) none of these

less its internal pressure

19) The faster a fluid moves, the A) greater its internal pressure. B) less its internal pressure. C) internal pressure is unaffected.

the bottom of the tower

19) When holes are drilled through the wall of a water tower , water will spurt out the greatest horizontal distance from the hole closest to A) the bottom of the tower. B) the middle of the tower. C) the top of the tower. D) The horizontal distance will be the same for all holes.

lead

19) Which has the greatest number of protons in its nucleus? A) gold. B) mercury. C) lead. D) silver.

19. A likely cause for the existence of the earth's magnetic field is a. moving charges in the liquid part of the earth's core. b. great numbers of very slow moving charges in the earth. c. convection currents in the liquid part of the earth's core. d. all of these e. none of these

rise and fall back to the Earthʹs surface

19. A projectile is fired vertically from the surface of the Earth at 8 km/s. The projectile will A) go into circular orbit about the Earth. B) rise and fall back to the Earthʹs surface. C) follow an uncertain path. D) escape from the Earth.

can't say, because thermal energy is not temperature

19. An object will normally be a net radiator of energy when its thermal energy is a. more than that of its surroundings. b. less than that of its surroundings. c. can't say, because thermal energy is not temperature

19. An uncharged pith ball is suspended by a nylon fiber. When a negatively charged rubber rod is brought nearby, without touching it, the pith ball A. becomes charged by induction. B. becomes polarized. C. is repelled by the rod. D. all of these. E. none of these.

warming process

19. Evaporation is a cooling process and condensation is a a. warming process b. cooling process also c. neither a warming nor cooling process

19. Light refracts when traveling from air into glass because light a. has greater intensity in air than in glass. b. has greater intensity in glass than in air. c. has greater frequency in air than in glass. d. has greater frequency in glass than in air. e. travels slower in glass than in air.

19. Magnet A has twice the magnetic field strength of Magnet B and at a certain distance pulls on magnet B with a force of 100 N. The amount of force that magnet A exerts on magnet B is A. at or about 50 N. B. exactly 100 N. C. more information is needed.

potential energy

19. Neglecting friction, a small ball and a similar large ball, at rest, are allowed to roll down an incline. for only one second. At this instant, the large ball will have a greater A) potential energy. B) kinetic energy. C) speed. D) all of the above E) impossible to predict with the information given

stand on a planet with a radius that is shrinking

19. The force of gravity acting on you will increase if you A) burrow deep inside the planet. B) stand on a planet with a radius that is shrinking. C) both of these D) none of these

19. The shortest plane mirror in which you can see your entire image a. is half your height. b. is twice your height. c. is equal to your height. d. cannot be determined. e. depends on how far the mirror is from you.

2) An ampere is a unit of electrical A) pressure. B) current. C) resistance. D) all of these. E) none of these.

2) An archer shoots an arrow. Consider the action force to be exerted by the bowstring against the arrow. The reaction to this force is the A) weight of the arrow. B) air resistance against the bow. C) friction of the ground against the archer's feet. D) grip of the archer's hand on the bow. E) arrow's push against the bowstring.

higher than its surroundings

2) An object will normally be a net radiator of energy when its temperature is A) lower than its surroundings. B) higher than its surroundings. C) neither of these.

very light molecules

2) At the same temperature, which move with the greater speed in the air? A) very light molecules B) heavier molecules C) All will have equal average speeds.

2) Electromagnetic waves consist of A) compressions and rarefactions of electromagnetic pulses. B) oscillating electric and magnetic fields. C) particles of light energy. D) high-frequency gravitational waves.

2) Every proton in the universe is surrounded by its own A) electric field. B) gravitational field. C) both of these. D) none of these.

near the outside

2) Horses that move with the fastest linear speed on a merry-go-round are located A) near the center. B) near the outside. C) anywhere, because they all move at the same speed.

orbital electrons

2) In an electrically neutral atom, the number of protons in the nucleus is balanced by an equal number of A) orbital electrons. B) quarks. C) neutrons. D) all of these. E) none of these.

2) The fundamental force underlying all chemical reactions is A) gravitational. B) nuclear. C) centripetal. D) electrical. E) none of these.

vibrating object

2) The source of all wave motion is a A) wave pattern. B) harmonic object. C) region of variable high and low pressure. D) vibrating object. E) none of these

2) Thrust a magnet into a coil of wire and the coil A) becomes an electromagnet. B) has a current in it. C) both of these. D) neither of these.

The pressure is approximately the same in both places

2) Where is the pressure greater, one meter beneath the surface of Lake Michigan or one meter beneath the surface of a swimming pond? A) The pressure is approximately the same in both places B) In Lake Michigan C) In the pond

neutron

2) Which of the following are electrically neutral? A) proton B) neutron C) electron D) ion E) none of these

Sound

2) Which of the following is not a transverse wave? A) Sound. B) Light. C) Radio. D) All of these. E) None of these.

2) Which of the following is not a vector quantity? A) velocity B) speed C) acceleration D) None are vector quantities. E) All are vector quantities.

2) Whirl a rock at the end of a string on an ice-covered pond and it follows a circular path. If the string breaks, the tendency of the rock is to A) continue to follow a circular path. B) follow a straight-line path.

Earth gravitation

2. Atmospheric molecules do not fly off into outer space because of A. their relatively high speeds. B. their relatively low densities. C. Earth gravitation. D. cohesive forces.

water expands when freezing

2. During a very cold winter, water pipes sometimes burst. The reason for this is a. the ground contracts when colder, pulling pipes apart. b. water expands when freezing. c. water contracts when freezing. d. the thawing process releases pressure on the pipes.

double

2. If a record playerʹs rotational speed is doubled, then the linear speed of a pet hamster sitting on the edge of the record will A) double. B) halve. C) remain the same.

2. Magnetic compasses apparently were first used by A. Columbus. B. Greeks. C. Australian aborigines. D. Vikings. E. pigeons, then Chinese.

2. Moving electric charges will interact with a. an electric field. b. a magnetic field. c. both of these d. none of these

gravitation

2. The central concept underlying the theory of the oscillating universe is A) gravitation. B) the inverse-square law. C) energy oscillations. D) radioactivity. E) radiation.

2. The law of reflection holds for a. plane mirrors. b. curved mirrors. c. both of these. d. neither of these.

1 W

2. The power required to exert 1 N force, over a distance of 1 m in 1 second is A) 1 W. B) 2 W. C) 1/3 W. D) 3 W. E) none of these.

about 5 m below the straight line

2. Throw an object upward at a 45 degree angle. With no gravity it will follow a straight-line path. But because of gravity, at the end of 1 second, it is A) about 5 m below the straight line. B) about 10 m below the straight line. C) about 15 m below the straight line.

low-pressure air at the surface is difficult to inhale

20) A swimmer cannot have a snorkel tube that is more than a meter deep. The reason for this is that at that depth the lungs are so compressed __________. A) they will be buoyed up leaving the swimmer breathless. B) air tends to liquefy in the snorkel tube. C) air in the lungs cannot easily be expelled. D) low-pressure air at the surface is difficult to inhale. E) all of the above

decreases

20) As a piece of metal with a hole in it cools, the diameter of the hole A) increases. B) decreases. C) remains the same.

20) Compared to the huge force that attracts an iron tack to a strong magnet, the force that the tack exerts on the magnet is A) relatively small. B) equally huge. C) more information is needed.

20) Infrared waves are often called heat waves because they A) emanate from relatively hot sources. B) consist of frequencies lower than those of visible light. C) induce resonance in molecules and increase internal energy in a substance. D) are absorbed rather than reflected by the skin. E) are the predominant waves emitted by the sun.

greater than the density of sea water

20) Lobsters live on the bottom of the ocean. The density of a lobster is a. greater than the density of sea water. b. equal to the density of sea water. c. less than the density of sea water.

20) Power is transmitted at high voltages because the corresponding current in the wires is A) also high to deliver appreciable power to distant places. B) low so that overheating of the wires is minimized. C) both of these. D) neither of these.

all of these

20) The air in this room has A) mass. B) weight. C) energy. D) all of these E) none of these

20) The electric power of a lamp that carries 2 A at 120 V is A) 1/6 watts. B) 2 watts. C) 60 watts. D) 20 watts. E) 240 watts.

speed

20) The explanation for refraction must involve a change in A) frequency. B) wavelength. C) speed. D) all of these. E) none of these.

20) When a car is struck by lightning, the resulting electric field inside the car is A) normally huge, but for a brief time. B) normally huge for a time longer than the lightning stroke itself. C) small enough to be safe for an occupant inside. D) zero.

shortens

20) You dip your finger repeatedly into water and make waves. If you dip your finger more frequently, the wavelength of the waves A) stays the same. B) lengthens. C) shortens.

the balloon and surrounding air have equal densities

20. A helium-filled balloon released in the atmosphere will rise until A. the pressure inside the balloon equals atmospheric pressure. B. atmospheric pressure on the bottom of the balloon equals atmospheric pressure on the top of the balloon. C. the balloon and surrounding air have equal densities. D. all of these. E. none of these.

none of the above choices

20. A light aluminum ball and a heavy lead ball of the same size are allowed to roll down an incline. When they are halfway down the incline, they will have identical A) kinetic energies. B) potential energies. C) momentum. D) inertias. E) none of the above choices

increases

20. Consider a rotating donut-shaped space habitat where living quarters are on the inside surface farthest from the axis. If the rotational speed of the habitat increases, the apparent weight of people inside A) increases. B) decreases. C) stays the same. D) is always zero.

283 km/h

20. The ground speed of an airplane that has an airspeed of 200 km/h when it is in a 200-km/h crosswind is A) 0 km/h. B) 200 km/h. C) 283 km/h. D) 400 km/h. E) 1600 km/h.

20. The primary of a transformer is the coil connected to A. the load. B. the Internet. C. the power line. D. none of these.

20. When a light beam emerges from water into air, the average light speed a. increases. b. decreases. c. remains the same.

absorbs energy

20. When a solid changes to a liquid state, the solid a. releases energy c. neither releases nor absorbs b. absorbs energy

20. When the distance between two charges is halved, the electrical force between the charges A. quadruples. B. doubles. C. halves. D. is reduced by 1/4. E. none of these.

20. When you look at yourself in a pocket mirror and then hold the mirror farther away, you see a. less of yourself. b. more of yourself. c. the same amount of yourself.

20. Which force field can increase a moving electron's speed? a. electric field b. magnetic field c. both of these d. none of these

less

21) A lobster crawls onto a bathroom scale submerged at the bottom of the ocean. Compared to its weight above the surface, the lobster will have an apparent weight under water that is a. greater. b. less. c. the same.

21) An electron is shot from the right, toward a spot just between the ends of the magnet. The electron A) is unaffected by the field. B) is attracted to one of the poles, and repelled from the other. C) is repelled by both poles, and therefore is turned back. D) is deflected into the plane of the page. E) accelerates straight toward the spot.

21) An object travels 8 meters in the first second of travel, 8 meters again during the second second of travel, and 8 meters again during the third second. Its acceleration in meters per second per second is A) 0. B) 5. C) 8. D) 10. E) more than 10.

one wavelength

21) During a single period, the distance traveled by a wave is A) one-half wavelength. B) two wavelengths. C) one wavelength.

21) Electric potential, measured in volts, is the ratio of electric energy to amount of electric A) current. B) resistance. C) charge. D) voltage. E) none of these.

21) Electric power can be transmitted from one place to another without the need for connecting wires in between. This statement is A) true. B) false.

buoyant force

21) In a vacuum on earth, an object has no __________. A) buoyant force B) temperature C) heat D) weight E) mass

21) Materials generally become warmer when light is A) absorbed by them. B) reflected by them. C) transmitted by them. D) all of these E) none of these

21) The Doppler effect is characteristic of A) water waves. B) sound waves. C) light waves. D) all of the above choices E) none of the above choices

21) The energy of sound in air eventually becomes A) increased internal energy of the air. B) weaker and weaker until it disappears. C) cancelled by destructive interference. D) cancelled by both destructive and constructive interference.

21) The force of friction on a sliding object is 10 newtons. The applied force needed to maintain a constant velocity is A) more than 10 N. B) less than 10 N. C) 10 N.

21) Two people, one twice as massive as the other, attempt a tug-of- war with 12 meters of rope on frictionless ice. After a brief time, they meet. The heavier person slides a distance of A) 3 m. B) 4 m. C) 5 m. D) 6 m.

21) When two lamps are connected in parallel to a battery, the electrical resistance that the battery senses is A) more than the resistance of either lamp. B) less than the resistance of either lamp. C) none of these.

helium

21) Which of the following contracts most when the temperature is decreased? Equal volumes of A) water. B) wood. C) iron. D) helium. E) All contract the same.

a steel ball

21) Which will bounce higher off a hard surface? A) a rubber ball B) a steel ball C) Both bounce the same.

21)When two lamps are connected in parallel to a battery, the electrical resistance that the battery senses is A)more than the resistance of either lamp. B)less than the resistance of either lamp. C)none of these

21. Particle A and Particle B interact with each other. Particle A has twice the charge of particle B. Compared to the force on Particle A, the force on Particle B is A. four times as much. B. two times as much. C. the same. D. half as much. E. none of these.

21. Refraction causes the bottom of a swimming pool to appear a. farther down than it actually is. b. closer to the surface than it actually is. c. neither.

21. Transformers use ac so there will be the required A. transfer of energy from coil to coil. B. voltage for transformation. C. change in magnetic field for operation. D. change in input current. E. magnetic field intensities.

release energy

21. When liquids change to a solid state, they a. absorb energy c. neither release nor absorbs energy b. release energy

21. Which of the following is a consequence of the refraction of light? a. rainbows b. mirages c. internal reflection d. all of the above e. none of the above

22) A Doppler effect occurs when a source of sound moves A) towards you. B) away from you. C) either towards you or away from you. D) in a circle around you.

3 m/s

22) A skipper on a boat notices wave crests passing the anchor chain every 5 s. The skipper estimates the distance between crests is 15 m. What is the speed of the water waves? A) 3 m/s B) 15 m/s C) 5 m/s D) not enough information given

decreases

22) An empty jar is pushed open-side downward into water so that air trapped in it cannot get out. As the jar is pushed deeper, the buoyant force on the jar __________. A) increases B) remains the same C) decreases

22) At one instant an object in free fall is moving downward at 50 meters per second. One second later its speed is about A) 25 m/s. B) 50 m/s. C) 55 m/s. D) 60 m/s. E) 100 m/s.

higher temperature

22) Food in a pressure cooker is cooked faster because of the A) increased internal energy in the water. B) greater rate of bubble formation in the water. C) higher temperature. D) Choices A, B, and C are all true. E) none of the above.

23) On some early automobiles both headlights went out when one bulb burned out. The headlights must have been connected in A) parallel. B) perpendicular. C) series. D) haste.

22) If a compass is moved from the northern hemisphere to the southern hemisphere, its magnetic needle will change direction A) by 180 degrees. B) depending on where the measurement is taken. C) by 90 degrees. D) hardly at all. E) none of these

22) Joe pushes Bill, who is asleep. Bill A) will inevitably push Joe when he wakes. B) pushes Joe, but not as hard. C) does not push Joe. D) pushes Joe equally hard.

22) Rapid change of a magnetic field induces A) a magnetic field of greater magnitude. B) a magnetic field of the same magnitude. C) an electric field.

22) The electric field inside the dome of a Van de Graaff generator A) depends on the amount of charge on it. B) depends on its size. C) both of these. D) neither of these.

both of these

22) The natural frequency of an object depends on its A) elasticity. B) size and shape. C) both of these. D) neither of these.

same on each as long as their volumes are the same

22) Two life preservers have identical volumes, but one is filled with styrofoam while the other is filled with sand. When the two life preservers are fully submerged, the buoyant force is greater on the one filled with a. styrofoam. b. sand. c. same on each as long as their volumes are the same.

22) When two lamps are connected in series to a battery, the electrical resistance that the battery senses is A) more than the resistance of either lamp. B) less than the resistance of either lamp. C) none of these.

22) When two lamps are connected in series to a battery, the electrical resistance that the battery senses is A)more than the resistance of either lamp. B)less than the resistance of either lamp. C)none of these

air pressure is reduced over the curved top surface

22. An umbrella tends to move upwards on a windy day principally because A. air gets trapped under the umbrella, warms, and rises. B. buoyancy increases with increasing wind speed. C. air pressure is reduced over the curved top surface. D. all of these.

22. If you comb your hair and the comb becomes positively charged, then your hair becomes A. positively charged. B. negatively charged. C. uncharged.

a lower temperature than at sea level

22. In the mountains, water boils at a. a higher temperature at a sea level b. a lower temperature than at sea level c. the same temperature as at sea level

22. Stars twinkle when seen from Earth at night. When seen from the moon, stars a. twinkle less. b. twinkle more. c. don't twinkle.

22. The average speed of light is greatest in a. red glass. b. orange glass. c. green glass. d. blue glass. e. is the same in all of these.

22. When a bar magnet is broken in two as shown, each piece is a. as magnetic as the original magnet. b. actually stronger than the original magnet. c. half as strong as the original magnet. 0. no longer magnetic.

22. When a bar magnet is broken in two, each piece is A. as magnetic as the original magnet. B. actually stronger than the original magnet. C. at most half as strong as the original magnet. D. no longer magnetic.

23) A 10-N falling object encounters 10 N of air resistance. The net force on the object is A) 0 N. B) 4 N. C) 6 N. D) 10 N. E) none of these.

observers A and B only

23) A jet traveling at 1500 km/h passes between two observers, A and B, as shown in the figure. In a short time, a sonic boom will be heard by A) observer A only. B) observer B only. C) observers A and B and the aircraft pilot. D) observers A and B only.

23) A possible cause for the existence of the Earth's magnetic field is A) moving charges in the liquid part of the Earth's core. B) great numbers of very slow moving charges in the Earth. C) convection currents in the liquid part of the Earth's core. D) all of these. E) none of these.

23) An uncharged pith ball is suspended by a nylon fiber. When a negatively charged rubber rod is brought nearby, without touching it, the pith ball A) becomes charged by induction. B) becomes polarized. C) is repelled by the rod. D) all of these. E) none of these.

23) As a bird sits on the limb of a tree, both the bird and the tree are moving about 30 km/s with respect to the sun. About 400 years ago, people philosophized that if the bird took 1 second to drop from the tree to a worm below, the worm would be 30 km downrange from the bird when it reached the ground. This was offered as evidence that the Earth does not revolve around the sun. This reasoning is best countered with Newton's A) first law. B) second law. C) third law. D) law of gravitation. E) none of these.

23) At one instant an object in free fall is moving upward at 50 meters per second. One second later its speed is about A) 100 m/s. B) 60 m/s. C) 55 m/s. D) 50 m/s. E) 40 m/s.

sink

23) Consider an air-filled balloon, weighted with a stone, that just barely floats in water. When the balloon is pushed beneath the surface, say about a meter deep, and then released, it will __________. A) stay where it is B) float back to the surface C) sink

buoyant force on the iceberg would decrease

23) If the part of an iceberg that extends above the water were removed, the __________. A) density of the iceberg would change. B) buoyant force on the iceberg would decrease. C) iceberg would sink. D) pressure on the bottom of the iceberg would increase. E) none of the above

23. In a curved optical fiber, light a. gains energy in each internal reflection. b. internally reflects in a succession of straight-line paths. c. bends and follows the curve of the fiber. d. scatters in random directions from the fiber's inner surface.

23. The metal detectors that people walk through at airports operate via A. Ohm's law. B. Faraday's law. C. Coulomb's law. D. Newton's laws. E. civil laws.

less than at sea level

23. When boiling water in the mountains, the time needed to reach the boiling point is a. less than at sea level b. more than at sea level c. the same as at sea level

23. When there is a change in the magnetic field in a closed loop of wire, a. a voltage is induced in the wire. b. current is made to flow in the loop of wire. c. electromagnetic induction occurs. d. all of these e. none of these

decreases atmospheric pressure there

23. Wind blowing over the top of a hill A. increases atmospheric pressure there. B. decreases atmospheric pressure there. C. does not affect atmospheric pressure there.

24) A heat engine would have 100 percent efficiency if its input reservoir were A) 100 times hotter than the exhaust sink. B) 1000 times hotter than the exhaust sink. C) 100 times cooler than the exhaust sink. D) any finite temperature if the exhaust sink were at absolute zero. E) at any finite temperature regardless of the heat sink temperature.

2 N

24) A rock suspended by a string weighs 5 N out of water and 3 N when submerged. What is the buoyant force on the rock? A) 8 N B) 5 N C) 3 N D) 2 N E) none of these

2 N

24) A rock suspended by a weighing scale weighs 5 N out of water and 3 N when submerged in water. What is the buoyant force on the rock? a. 8 N b. 5 N c. 3 N d. 2 N

24) A step-up transformer increases A) power. B) energy. C) both of these. D) neither of these.

24) An apple weighs 1 N. When held at rest above your head, the net force on the apple is A) 0 N. B) 0.1 N. C) 1 N. D) 9.8 N. E) none of these.

decreases

24) As a whale swims deeper into the ocean, increasing water pressure squeezes its volume, making it smaller. As the whale swims deeper and deeper, the buoyant force on it __________. A) increases B) remains unchanged C) decreases

4 degrees C

24) Before ice can form on a lake, all the water in the lake must be cooled to A) zero degrees C. B) minus 32 degrees C. C) 4 degrees C. D) None of the above are true. Ice can form at the surface regardless of the water temperature below.

resonance

24) Caruso is said to have made a crystal chandelier shatter with his voice.This is a demonstration of A) an echo. B) sound refraction. C) beats. D) resonance. E) interference.

24) Disregarding air resistance, objects fall with constant A) velocity. B) speed. C) acceleration. D) distances each successive second.

always sink to the bottom

24) If a weighted, air-filled balloon sinks in a lake, it will __________. A) be buoyed up with constant force while sinking. B) sink until it reaches equilibrium and then remain at constant depth. C) probably sink to the bottom and probably rise later. D) always sink to the bottom. E) none of the above

short-lived

24) In our part of the universe, antimatter is A) non-existent. B) plentiful. C) short-lived. D) long-lived.

24) Modern automobile headlights are connected in A) parallel. B) perpendicular. C) series. D) none of these

24) Modern automobile headlights are connected in A) parallel. B) perpendicular. C) series. D) none of these.

24) Outside a magnet, magnetic field lines are conventionally drawn from A) north to south. B) south to north. C) either way.

24) The net charge on a charged capacitor A) depends on the area of the capacitor plates. B) depends on the distance between the capacitor plates. C) depends on the medium between the capacitor plates. D) all of these. E) none of these - the net charge is zero.

vibrating

24) The source of all sounds is something that is A) undergoing simple harmonic motion. B) moving. C) vibrating. D) a net emitter of energy. E) accelerating.

releases energy

24) When a gas is changed to a liquid state, the gas A) releases energy. B) absorbs energy. C) neither releases nor absorbs energy. D) both releases and absorbs energy.

24. A conductor differs from an insulator in that a conductor A. has more electrons than protons. B. has more protons than electrons. C. has more energy than an insulator. D. has faster moving molecules. E. none of these.

24. A possible cause for the existence of the Earth's magnetic field is A. moving charges in the liquid part of the Earth's core. B. great numbers of very slow moving charges in the Earth. C. convection currents in the liquid part of the Earth's core. D. all of these. E. none of these.

at the same rate as before

24. Food cooked in boiling water in the mountains, cooks slower than when cooked at sea level. If the temperature under the pot is increased, the food will cook a. faster c. at the same rate as before b. slower

24. Rainbows are not usually seen as complete circles because a. the ground is usually in the way. b. they are actually elliptical. c. they have no bottom part. d. raindrops are not perfectly round. e. rainbows are actually arched shaped.

longitudinal waves

27) Compressions and rarefactions are characteristic of A) transverse waves. B) longitudinal waves. C) both of these D) neither of these

either the same or opposite directions

24. The Bernoulli effect causes passing ships to be drawn together when the ships are close and moving in A. the same direction. B. opposite directions. C. either the same or opposite directions.

24. Thrust a magnet into a coil of wire and the coil a. becomes an electromagnet. b. has a current in it. c. both of these d. neither of these

increases

24. When a volume of air is compressed, its temperature a. increases. b. decreases. c. neither increases nor decreases.

25) A step-up transformer has a ratio of one to ten. Neglecting slight losses, if 100 W of power go into the primary coil, the power coming from the secondary coil is A) 1 W. B) 10 W. C) 100 W. D) 1000 W. E) none of these.

25) An apple weighs 1 N. The net force on the apple when it is in free fall is A) 0 N. B) 0.1 N. C) 1 N. D) 9.8 N. E) none of these.

the density of salt water exceeds the density of egg

25) An egg is placed at the bottom of a bowl filled with water. Salt is slowly added to the water until the egg rises and floats. From this experiment, one concludes A) calcium in the egg shell is repelled by sodium chloride. B) the density of salt water exceeds the density of egg. C) buoyant force does not always act upward. D) salt sinks to the bottom.

the density of salt water exceeds the density of egg

25) An egg is placed at the bottom of a bowl filled with water. Salt is slowly added to the water until the egg rises and floats. From this experiment, one concludes a. calcium in the egg shell is repelled by sodium chloride. b. the density of salt water exceeds the density of egg. c. buoyant force does not always act upward. d. salt sinks to the bottom.

25) An observer on the ground hears a sonic boom which is created by an airplane flying at a speed A) just below the speed of sound. B) equal to the speed of sound. C) greater than the speed of sound. D) All of the above choices are true. E) None of the above choices are true.

25) As a light ray enters or exits a water-air interface at an angle of 15 degrees with the normal, it A) always bends toward the normal. B) always bends away from the normal. C) sometimes bends towards the normal. D) does not bend.

single breath

25) Assuming all the atoms exhaled by Julius Caesar in his last dying breath are still in the atmosphere, then we probably breathe one of those atoms with each A) single breath. B) day. C) month. D) ten years. E) It depends - some people still breathe a few of Caesar's atoms every day, while others wouldn't breathe one for an entire year.

25) Charges on the plates of a charged capacitor reside on the surfaces A) between the capacitor plates. B) exterior to the capacitor.

hydrogen

25) In a mixture of hydrogen gas, oxygen gas, and nitrogen gas, the molecules with the greatest average speed are those of A) hydrogen. B) nitrogen. C) oxygen. D) All will have the same average speed at the same temperature.

a lower temperature than at sea level

25) Near the top of a mountain, water in an open pot boils at A) a higher temperature than at sea level. B) a lower temperature than at sea level. C) the same temperature as at sea level. D) None of the above choices are true.

25) There are electrons in the filament of the ac lamp in your bedroom. When you turn on the lamp and it glows, the glowing comes from A) different electrons; the ones that flow in the circuit to your lamp. B) the same electrons. C) the positive charges that flow in the filament.

remains the same

25) When an ice cube in a glass of water melts, the water level __________. A) rises B) remains the same C) falls

Neither -- they both experience the same buoyant force

25) Which has the larger buoyant force, a balloon filled with helium or the same size balloon filled with air? A) The air balloon B) The helium balloon C) Neither -- they both experience the same buoyant force.

boil the eggs for a longer time

25. If you want to cook boiled eggs while in the mountains, you should a. use a hotter flame b. boil the eggs for a shorter time because the boiling temperature is less in the mountains c. boil the eggs for a longer time d. not even consider boiling eggs because the water temperature won't even get hot enough to cook the eggs.

25. In an optical fiber, light actually a. curves in a direction parallel to the central axis of the fiber. b. travels in straight-line segments. c. travels along the outer surface of the fiber. d. all of these, depending on the type of fiber. e. none of these.

20 km above the ocean surface

25. It would be easier to pull evacuated Magdeburg hemispheres apart when they are A. held upside down. B. at sea level. C. 20 km beneath the ocean surface. D. 20 km above the ocean surface. E. none of these.

25. When a magnet is thrust into a coil of wire, the coil tends to a. attract the magnet as it enters. b. repel the magnet as it enters. c. both of these d. neither of these

26) A 100-Watt lamp glows brighter than a 25-Watt lamp. The electrical resistance of the 100-Watt lamp must be A) less. B) greater. C) the same.

26) A certain transformer doubles input voltage. If the primary coil has 10 A of current, then the current in the secondary coil is A) 2 A. B) 5 A. C) 10 A. D) 25 A. E) none of these.

fall

26) A floating ice cube contains a small piece of iron. After the ice cube melts, the water level will __________. A) rise B) remain unchanged C) fall

26) A partial solar eclipse occurs for people in the sun's A) umbra. B) penumbra. C) none of these

longitudinal wave

26) A sound wave is a A) standing wave. B) shock wave. C) transverse wave. D) longitudinal wave. E) none of these

26) An aircraft that flies faster than the speed of sound is said to be A) subsonic. B) supersonic. C) impossible.

the same height as in the larger tube

26) Consider two mercury barometers, one with twice the cross-sectional area of the other. Neglecting capillarity, mercury in the smaller tube will rise A) the same height as in the larger tube. B) twice as high as mercury in the larger tube. C) four times as high as mercury in the larger tube. D) more than four times as high as in the larger tube. E) none of these

amplitude

26) For AM radio, the A stands for A) acceleration. B) authorized. C) amplitude. D) agony. E) almost.

ancient stars

26) Nuclei of atoms that make up a newborn baby were made in A) the mother's womb. B) the food the mother eats before giving birth. C) ancient stars. D) the Earth. E) none of these

26) Starting from rest, the distance a freely-falling object will fall in 0.5 seconds is about A) 0.5 m. B) 1.0 m. C) 1.25 m. D) 5.0 m. E) none of these.

26) When light passes through an ordinary window pane, its angle of emergence is A) usually less than its angle of incidence. B) always less than its angle of incidence. C) the same as its angle of incidence. D) usually more than its angle of incidence. E) always more than its angle of incidence.

26) When the distance between two charges is halved, the electrical force between the charges A) quadruples. B) doubles. C) halves. D) is reduced by 1/4. E) none of these.

26) Which force field can accelerate an electron, but never change its speed? A) electric field B) magnetic field C) both of these D) none of these

The air balloon

26) Which has more weight, a balloon filled with helium or the same size balloon filled with air? A) The helium balloon B) The air balloon C) Neither -- they both have the same weight.

26) Which has zero acceleration? An object A) at rest. B) moving at constant velocity. C) in mechanical equilibrium. D) all of these. E) none of these.

26. Electromagnetic induction occurs in a coil when there is a change in a. electric field intensity in the coil. b. magnetic field intensity in the coil. c. voltage in the coil. d. the coil's polarity. e. electromagnetic polarity.

fluids

26. Energy transfer by convection is primarily restricted to a. solids b. liquids c. fluids d. gases

26. The type of lens that spreads parallel light is a a. converging lens. b. diverging lens. c. combination converging-diverging lens.

26. When seen from an airplane, a rainbow sometimes forms a complete circle. When this happens, the plane's shadow is a. in the center of the rainbow. b. totally outside the rainbow. c. in the upper part of the rainbow. d. Nowhere. There is no shadow. e. in the lower part of the rainbow.

1 m

27) A 340-hertz sound wave travels at 340 m/s in air with a wavelength of A) 1 m. B) 10 m. C) 100 m. D) 1000 m. E) none of these.

weight of air it displaces

27) A balloon is buoyed up with a force equal to the __________. A) density of surrounding air. B) atmospheric pressure. C) weight of air it displaces. D) weight of the balloon and contents. E) all of the above

more than 5 N

27) A block of wood weighing 5 N in air, is difficult fully submerge in a pool of mercury because the buoyant force when fully submerged is A) less than 5 N. B) 5 N. C) more than 5 N.

remain unchanged

27) An ice cube floating in a glass of water contains many air bubbles. When the ice melts, the water level will __________. A) rise B) remain unchanged C) fall

27) As a supersonic craft increases in speed, the angle of its V-shaped shock wave becomes A) wider. B) narrower. C) neither

the same age

27) Compared to the atoms that make up the body of an elderly person, the atoms that make up the body of a newborn baby are A) newer. B) actually older. C) the same age.

27) When a bar magnet is broken in two as shown, each piece is A) as magnetic as the original magnet. B) actually stronger than the original magnet. C) at most half as strong as the original magnet. D) no longer magnetic.

absorbs energy but does not change its temperature

27) When a block of ice at zero degrees Celsius melts, the ice A) absorbs energy and gets warmer. B) releases energy to its environment. C) releases energy and gets warmer. D) absorbs energy from its environment. E) absorbs energy but does not change its temperature.

27) Whenever the net force on an object is zero, its acceleration A) may be zero. B) is zero.

27) While Earth is experiencing a total solar eclipse an observer on the side of the moon facing the earth would see A) Earth disappear from the sky. B) Earth dim and turn reddish. C) nothing unusual. D) a tiny dark spot move across the face of Earth.

cools the surrounding air

27. Melting snow a. warms the surrounding air b. cools the surrounding air c. neither warms nor cools the surrounding air

27. Ninety percent of light incident on a certain piece of glass passes through it. How much light passes through two pieces of this glass? a. 81% b. 85% c. 89% d. 90% e. 80%

27. Voltage can be induced in a wire by a. moving the wire near a magnet. b. moving a magnet near the wire. c. changing the current in a nearby wire. d. all of these e. none of these

becomes larger as it rises

28) A bubble of air released from the bottom of a lake __________. A) becomes smaller as it rises. B) rises to the top at constant volume. C) becomes larger as it rises. D) alternately expands and contracts as it rises. E) none of the above

an isothermal process

28) A process which takes place at constant temperature is A) an isobaric process. B) an isothermal process. C) an isochoric process D) impossible.

28) An object falls freely from rest on a planet where the acceleration due to gravity is 20 meters per second squared. After 5 seconds, the object will have a speed of A) 5 m/s. B) 10 m/s. C) 20 m/s. D) 50 m/s. E) 100 m/s.

longer than the ascent time

28) An object is thrown vertically into the air. Because of air resistance, the time for its descent will be A) longer than the ascent time. B) shorter than the ascent time. C) equal to the ascent time. D) Not enough information given to say.

28) Atmospheric refraction makes the daylight hours a bit A) longer. B) shorter. C) longer in summer but shorter in winter.

28) If you comb your hair and the comb becomes positively charged, then your hair becomes A) positively charged. B) negatively charged. C) uncharged.

ice

28) In which one of these does sound travel the fastest? A) water vapor. B) water. C) ice. D) steam. E) ...sound travels the same speed in each of these.

high specific heats

28) Some molecules are able to absorb large amounts of energy in the form of internal vibrations and rotations. Materials composed of such molecules have A) low specific heats. B) high specific heats. C) none of the above

steel

28) Sound travels faster in A) a vacuum. B) steel. C) water. D) air. E) Sound travels at about the same speed in all of these

28) Superconducting electromagnets A) exist now. B) may be possible in the near future. C) may be possible in the distant future. D) are science fiction.

28) The least energy required to produce forced vibration in an object occurs A) below its natural frequency. B) at its natural frequency. C) above its natural frequency.

28) The maximum acceleration of a car while towing a second car twice its mass, compared to no towing, is A) one half. B) one third. C) one fourth. D) the same. E) none of these.

28) The principal advantage of ac power over dc power is that A) less energy is dissipated during transmission. B) ac voltage oscillates while dc voltage does not. C) ac voltage can be transformed via conventional transformers. D) ac circuits multiply power more easily. E) ac circuits are safer.

mostly empty space themselves

28) The reason a granite block is mostly empty space is that the atoms in the granite are A) in perpetual motion. B) mostly empty space themselves. C) held together by electrical forces. D) not as close together as they could be. E) invisible.

28) The source of a sonic boom A) must itself be an emitter of sound. B) may or may not be an emitter of sound. C) is not itself an emitter of sound.

The force on his finger would have been less than 1 N

28) There is a legend of a Dutch boy who bravely held back the Atlantic Ocean by plugging a leak near the top of a dike with his finger until help arrived. Which of the following is most likely? A) The force on his finger would have been huge, but the pressure very small. B) This is impossible because of the large size of the Atlantic Ocean. C) The force on his finger would have been less than 1 N. D) Both the force and pressure on his finger would have been very large. E) none of the above

28) When a pair of 1-ohm resistors are connected in series, their combined resistance is A) 1 ohm, and when connected in parallel, 2 ohms. B) 2 ohms, and when in parallel, 1 ohm. C) 1/2 ohm, and when in parallel, 2 ohms. D) 2 ohms, and when in parallel, 1/2 ohm. E) none of these

an igloo

28. If you were caught in freezing weather with only a candle for heat, you would be warmer in a. an igloo c. a wooden house b. a tent d. a car

28. The magnetic field strength inside a current-carrying coil will be greater if the coil encloses a a. vacuum. b. wooden rod. c. glass rod. d. rod of iron. e. none of these

1 ton

29) A 1-ton dirigible hovers in the air. The buoyant force acting on it is __________. A) less than 1 ton B) 1 ton C) zero D) more than 1 ton

29) A circuit breaker often serves the same purpose as a A) battery B) fuse. C) capacitor. D) All of the above choices are correct. E) None of the above choices are correct.

29) A circuit breaker serves the same purpose as A) a switch. B) a fuse. C) a capacitor. D) a battery. E) none of these.

29) A fishing-boat captain returns to port saying, "It's rough out there - the waves are 4 meters high." He probably means that the amplitude of the waves is A) 4 m. B) 3 m. C) 2 m. D) 1 m.

29) A mirage is a result of atmospheric A) reflection. B) refraction. C) scattering. D) dispersion. E) aberrations.

lower in the water

29) Compared to an empty ship, the same ship loaded with styrofoam will float A) higher in the water. B) lower in the water. C) at the same level in the water.

a vacuum

29) Sound waves cannot travel in A) water. B) air. C) steel. D) a vacuum. E) Sound can travel in all of these.

29) Suppose you're coasting on level ground in a car at 60 km/h and apply the brakes until you slow to 40 km/h. When you suddenly release the brake, the car tends to A) momentarily regain its higher initial speed. B) continue moving at 40 km/h in the absence of forces. C) decrease in speed whether or not other forces act.

protons

29) The weight of matter comes mostly from its A) protons. B) electrons. C) neutrons

29) To say that electric charge is conserved means that no case has ever been found where A) the total charge on an object has changed. B) the net amount of negative charge on an object is unbalanced by a positive charge on another object. C) the total amount of charge on an object has increased. D) net charge has been created or destroyed. E) none of these.

29) When bringing water to a boil in the mountains, the time needed to reach the boiling point is A) less than at sea level. B) more than at sea level. Review 17-21.doc - 2 - C) the same as at sea level.

the same

29) When you float in salt water compared to floating in fresh water, the buoyant force that supports you is __________. A) the same B) greater C) less

29. An image of a distant object formed by a single converging lens a. is upside down. b. can be focused on a screen. c. is real. d. can be projected on a wall. e. all of the above

29. Chromatic aberration is a consequence of different colors in a lens having different a. aberrations. b. frequencies. c. energies. d. critical angles. e. speeds.

29. If a magnet is pushed into a coil, voltage is induced across the coil. If the same magnet is pushed into a coil with twice the number of loops, a. one-half as much voltage is induced. b. the same voltage is induced. c. twice as much voltage is induced. d. four times as much voltage is induced. e. none of these

convection

29. Thermos bottles are evacuated to prevent heat transfer by a. radiation b. convection c. conduction d. evaporation

3) If a light signal and a radio signal were emitted simultaneously from Alpha Centauri, the first to reach the earth would be the A) radio signal. B) light signal. C) both would reach earth at the same time.

internal energy decreases

3) If a solid object radiates more energy than it absorbs, its A) internal energy and temperature decrease. B) temperature decreases. C) internal energy decreases. D) None of the above choices are true.

3) In an electrically neutral atom the number of protons in the nucleus is equal to the number of A) electrons that surround the nucleus. B) neutrons in the nucleus. C) both of these. D) neither of these.

none of the above

3) In the top of a barometer there is a space that is filled with __________. A) dense mercury vapor. B) helium. C) water vapor. D) air. E) none of the above

3) Like a transverse wave, a longitudinal wave has A) amplitude, frequency, wavelength, and speed B) amplitude, frequency, and wavelength. C) amplitude, wavelength, and speed. D) wavelength, speed, and frequency. E) amplitude, frequency, and speed.

3) Moving electric charges will interact with A) an electric field. B) a magnetic field. C) both of these. D) none of these.

3) The incident light ray, the reflected light ray, and the normal between them A) lie in the same plane. B) may or may not lie in the same plane. C) lie in planes that are perpendicular to one another.

Both

3) Which body glows with electromagnetic waves? A) The earth. B) The sun. C) Both. D) Neither.

sound

3) Which of the following is not a transverse wave? A) sound B) radio C) light D) all of these E) none of these

5 N

3)A block of wood normally weighs 5 N. The buoyant force that mercury will exert on the wood as it floats in mercury is A) 5 N. B) less than 5 N. C) more than 5 N.

1 m/s

3. A rifle of mass 2 kg is suspended by strings. The rifle fires a bullet of mass 1/100 kg at a speed of 200 m/s. What is the recoil velocity of the rifle? a. 0.001 m/s b. 0.01 m/s c. 0.1 m/s d. 1 m/s e. none of these

50%

3. About what percentage of the molecules that make up the atmosphere are below an aircraft that flies at an altitude of 6 kilometers? A. 20% B. 30% C. 40% D. 50% E. more than 50%

toward the asteroid

3. An asteroid exerts a 360-N gravitational force on a nearby spacecraft. This force is directed A) toward the asteroid. B) away from the asteroid. C) toward the sun.

3. An iron rod becomes magnetic when. a. positive ions accumulate at _me end and negative ions at the other end. b. its atoms are aligned having plus charges on one side and negative charges on the other. c. the net spins of its electrons are in the same direction. d. its electrons stop moving and point in the same direction. e. none of these.

3. In an electrically neutral atom the number of protons in the nucleus is equal to the number of A. electrons that surround the nucleus. B. neutrons in the nucleus. C. both of these. D. neither of these.

3. Moving electric charges will interact with A. an electric field. B. a magnetic field. C. both of these. D. none of these.

remains constant

3. Roll a bowling ball off the edge of a table. As it falls, its horizontal component of velocity A) decreases. B) remains constant. C) increases.

3. The amount of light reflected from the front surface of a common windowpane is about a. 4 percent. b. 8 percent. c. 40 percent. d. 92 percent. e. 96 percent

3. The reason we can read print from any direction is that a. the white part of a page reflects light in all directions. b. letters emit black light in all directions. c. letters absorb black light from all directions. d. all of the above e. none of the above

the balloon and surrounding air have equal densities

30) A helium-filled balloon released in the atmosphere will rise until A) the pressure inside the balloon equals atmospheric pressure. B) atmospheric pressure on the bottom of the balloon equals atmospheric pressure on the top of the balloon. C) the balloon and surrounding air have equal densities. D) all of these E) none of these

low specific heat

30) A substance that heats up relatively quickly has a A) low specific heat. B) high specific heat. C) high conductivity. D) low conductivity.

beneath the plane

30) An airplane flies at 40 m/s at an altitude of 50 meters. The pilot drops a heavy package which falls to the ground. Where, approximately, does the package land relative to the plane's new position? A) beneath the plane B) 400 m behind the plane C) 500 m behind the plane D) more than 500 m behind the plane E) none of these

30) An apple falls from a tree and hits the ground 5 meters below. It hits the ground with a speed of about A) 5 m/s. B) 10 m/s. C) 15 m/s. D) 20 m/s. E) not enough information given to estimate.

30) Food in a pressure cooker is cooked faster because of the A) higher temperature. B) greater rate of bubble formation in the water. C) increased internal energy in the water. D) Choices A, B, and C are all true. E)

fall

30) If you are standing on the moon and release a balloon filled with helium gas, the balloon will __________. A) neither rise nor fall B) fall C) rise

30) In designing a music hall, an acoustical engineer deals mainly with A) modulation. B) forced vibrations. C) resonance. D) beats. E) wave interference.

30) Neon signs require about 12,000 volts to operate. If the circuit uses a 120-volt power source, the ratio of primary to secondary turns on the transformer should be A) 1:100. B) 100:1. C) neither of these.

are transmitted to all points in the fluid

30) Pascal's principle says that changes in pressure at any point in an enclosed fluid __________. A) remain only at the point B) quickly diminish from point to point in the fluid C) are transmitted to all points in the fluid D) are transmitted only to points below it E) are transmitted only to points close to it

decreases

30) Repeatedly tap the side of a drinking glass with a spoon while filling it with water and you will notice that the pitch of the sound A) increases. B) decreases. C) remains relatively constant.

300 K

30) Room temperature on the Kelvin scale is about A) 100 K. B) 200 K. C) 300 K. D) 400 K. E) more than 400 K.

warm

30) Sound travels faster in air if the air is A) warm. B) cold. C) neither warm nor cold.

30) The pendulum with the greatest frequency is the pendulum with the A) shortest period. B) shortest length. C) shortest period and the shortest length. D) shortest amplitude. E) greatest amplitude.

30) The twinkling of the stars is a result of atmospheric A) reflection. B) refraction. C) scattering. D) dispersion. E) aberrations.

along the direction of wave travel

30) The vibrations of a longitudinal wave move in a direction A) along the direction of wave travel. B) at right angles to the direction of wave travel. C) that changes with speed.

electrons

30) The volume of matter comes mostly from its A) protons. B) electrons. C) neutrons

30) When a volume of air expands against the environment and no heat enters or leaves, the air temperature will A) increase. B) decrease. C) remain unchanged.

30. A device that transforms electrical energy to mechanical energy is a a. generator. b. motor. c. transformer. d. magnet. e. none of these

30. An image formed by a single diverging lens a. is upside down. b. can be projected on a wall. c. is virtual. d. is larger than the object. e. all of the above

30. Fermat's principle of least time applies to a. reflection. b. refraction. c. both of these. d. neither of these.

stays the same

30. When heat is added to boiling water, its temperature a. increases b. decreases c. stays the same

600 m

31) A bullet is fired horizontally with an initial velocity of 300 m/s from a tower 20 m high. If air resistance is negligible, the horizontal distance the bullet travels before hitting the ground is about A) 200 m. B) 300 m. C) 400 m. D) 500 m. E) 600 m.

31) A conductor differs from an insulator in that a conductor A) has more electrons than protons. B) has more protons than electrons. C) has more energy than an insulator. D) has faster moving molecules. E) none of these.

all of the above

31) A hydraulic press works because __________. A) one piston is larger than the other piston. B) liquids transmit pressure undiminished. C) Pascal's principle is operating. D) liquids transmit pressure in all directions. E) all of the above

31) A piano tuner knows that a key on the piano is tuned to the frequency of his tuning fork when he strikes them at the same time and the number of beats he hears each second is A) 0. B) 1. C) 2. D) 3. E) 4.

31) An electrical diode is useful for A) storing electrical energy. B) boosting voltage. C) limiting current. D) voltage modification. E) changing ac to dc.

volume decreases

31) As a high-altitude balloon sinks lower and lower into the atmosphere, its __________. A) weight decreases. B) density decreases. C) volume decreases. D) mass decreases. E) none of the above

0.1 second

31) If the frequency of a certain wave is 10 hertz, its period is A) 0.1 second. B) 10 seconds. C) 100 seconds. D) None of the above choices are correct.

31) If waves are going by at the same speed, the wave with the greatest period of oscillation is the wave that has the greatest A) amplitude. B) length. C) frequency. D) None of the above choices are true.

31) It takes 6 seconds for a stone to fall to the bottom of a mine shaft. How deep is the shaft? A) about 60 m B) about 120 m C) about 180 m D) more than 200 m

electrons

31) The chemical properties of matter come mostly from its A) protons. B) electrons. C) neutrons.

880 hertz

31) The fundamental frequency of a violin string is 440 hertz. The frequency of its second harmonic is A) 220 hertz. B) 880 hertz. C) 440 hertz. D) None of the above choices are correct.

31) The voltage across the input terminals of a transformer is 110 V. The primary has 50 loops and the secondary has 25 loops. The voltage the transformer puts out is A) 25 V. B) 55 V. C) 110 V. D) 220 V. E) none of these.

upward

31) When the speed of sound near the ground is greater than higher in the air, sound tends to be bent A) downward. B) upward.

31. A magnifying glass is a a. diverging lens. b. combination of diverging and converging lenses. c. converging lens.

31. Ninety percent of light incident on a certain piece of glass passes through it. How much light passes through two pieces of this glass? a. 80% b. 81% c. 85% d. 89% e. 90%

31. Voltage produced by a generator alternates because a. unlike a battery, it produces alternating current. b. the changing magnetic field that produces it alternates. c. alterations in the mechanical energy input. d. in effect it is an ac motor in reverse. e. the current it produces alternates.

the balloon's density equals atmospheric density

32) A helium-filled balloon released into the atmosphere will rise until __________. A) the balloon's density equals atmospheric density. B) the pressure inside the balloon equals atmospheric pressure. C) atmospheric pressure on the top and bottom of the balloon are equal. D) the balloon can no longer expand. E) none of the above

32) A negatively charged rod is brought near a metal can that rests on a wood table. You touch the opposite side of the can momentarily with your finger. The can is then A) positively charged. B) negatively charged. C) uncharged. D) charged the same as it was.

0.5 hertz

32) An object that completes 10 vibrations in 20 seconds has a frequency of A) 0.5 hertz. B) 2 hertz. C) 200 hertz.

give ambiguous readings

32) Between 0 degrees Celsius and 8 degrees Celsius a red-dyed-water-in-glass thermometer would A) always be wrong. B) give ambiguous readings. C) implode. D) explode. E) be especially suitable.

16 times as great

32) Compared to the mass of a hydrogen atom, the mass of an oxygen atom is A) 8 times as great. B) 12 times as great. C) 16 times as great. D) appreciably more than 16 times as great.

32) If a non-rotating object has no acceleration, then we can say for certain that it is A) at rest. B) moving at constant non-zero velocity. C) in mechanical equilibrium. D) all of these. E) none of these.

32) If the waves are going by at the same frequency, the wave that has the greatest speed will have the greatest A) amplitude. B) length. C) frequency. D) None of the above choices are true.

32) If you drop an object, it will accelerate downward at a rate of 9.8 meters per second per second. If you instead throw it downwards, its acceleration (in the absence of air resistance) will be A) less than 9.8 meters per second per second. B) 9.8 meters per second per second. C) greater than 9.8 meters per second per second.

32) In the 110-volt circuit shown, A) 110 coulombs of charge flow through the lamp every second. B) 110 joules of energy are converted to heat and light in the circuit every second. C) 110 joules of energy are given up by each coulomb of charge making up the current in the circuit. D) 110 joules of energy are shared among all the coulombs in the circuit at any instant. E) none of the above.

Always false

32) The principle reason a hydraulic press works is that it is an exception to energy conservation. A) Always false B) Sometimes true C) Always true

32. A transformer actually transforms a. voltage. b. magnetic field lines. c. generators into motors. d. non-safe forms of energy to safe forms of energy. e. all of these

32. In drawing a ray diagram, rays can be drawn a. from the tip of the object arrow. b. through the focal point in front of the lens. c. parallel to the principal axis of the lens. d. through the center of the lens. e. all of the above

330 m/s

33) A cello string 0.75 m long has a fundamental frequency of 220 hertz. The speed of a wave on the string is A) 330 m/s. B) 220 m/s. C) 165 m/s. D) 294 m/s. E) none of these

loudness

33) A decibel is a measure of a sound's A) frequency. B) wavelength. C) speed. D) loudness. E) all of these.

33) A floating leaf oscillates up and down two complete cycles each second as a water wave passes by. What is the wave's frequency? A) 0.5 hertz B) 1 hertz C) 2 hertz D) 3 hertz E) 6 hertz

smaller-diameter piston

33) A hydraulic arrangement consists of a water-filled U-tube that is wider on one end than on the other. Pistons are fitted in both ends. To multiply an input force, the input end should be the one having the __________. A) smaller-diameter piston B) larger-diameter piston C) It doesn't matter what relative size the piston is.

None of the above choices are correct

33) An object that completes 100 vibrations in 5 seconds has a period of A) 0.5 second. B) 1 second. C) 2 seconds. D) None of the above choices are correct.

33) At night an underwater scuba diver aims his flashlight beam toward the surface at an angle of 45 degrees with the normal. Upon emerging, the beam angle will be A) less than 45 degrees. B) 45 degrees. C) more than 45 degrees. D) impossible to predict.

the same

33) Compared to the buoyant force of the atmosphere on a 1-liter helium-filled balloon, the buoyant force of the atmosphere on a nearby 1-liter solid iron block is A) considerably less. B) considerably more. C) the same.

the same

33) Compared to the buoyant force of the atmosphere on a 1-liter helium-filled balloon, the buoyant force of the atmosphere on a nearby 1-liter solid iron block is __________. A) considerably more B) considerably less C) the same

33) Disregarding the effects of friction, a cyclist will coast farther when a lamp powered by a wheel generator is A) of low wattage. B) of high wattage. C) burned out. D) none of these.

33) Every proton in the universe is surrounded by its own A) electric field. B) gravitational field. C) both of these. D) none of these.

33) In the circuit of Figure 23-A, energy is given to the moving charges by A) the bulb. B) the wires. C) a generator which is not shown. D) none of these.

33. Transformers use ac so there will be the required a. transfer of energy from coil to coil. b. voltage for transformation. c. change in magnetic field for operation. d. change in input current. e. magnetic field intensities.

34) A capacitor is used to store A) charge. B) energy. C) both. D) neither.

34) A floating leaf oscillates up and down two complete cycles in one second as a water wave passes by. The wave's wavelength is 10 meters. What is the wave's speed? A) 2 m/s B) 10 m/s C) 20 m/s D) 40 m/s E) more than 40 m/s

minimum amplitude

34) A node is a position of A) minimum amplitude. B) maximum amplitude. C) half amplitude. D) neither of these.

anti-hydrogen

34) A positron orbiting an antiproton would make up an atom of A) positronium. B) unobtainium. C) anti-helium. D) anti-hydrogen. E) none of these

34) As a motor armature turns faster and faster, net current in the motor windings A) increases. B) decreases. C) remains unchanged.

considerably less

34) Compared to the buoyant force of the atmosphere on a 1-kilogram helium-filled balloon, the buoyant force of the atmosphere on a nearby 1-kilogram solid iron block is __________. A) considerably more B) the same C) considerably less

34) Hang from a pair of gym rings and the upward support forces of the rings will always A) each be half your weight. B) each be equal to your weight. C) add up to equal your weight.

34) If a projectile is fired straight up at a speed of 10 m/s, the time it takes to reach the top of its path is about A) 1 second B) 2 seconds C) 10 seconds D) not enough information to estimate

100 times

34) In a hydraulic device, the output piston has 100 times the cross-section area as the input piston. This means the device will multiply force __________. A) 100 times. B) 1000 times. C) 10 times. D) none of the above

34) The direction of an electric field is the direction of the force that it would exert on A) a neutron. B) an electron. C) an atom. D) a proton. E) a molecule.

low

34) The frequencies of sound that carry farther in air are relatively A) high. B) low. C) no difference

transfer some of their kinetic energy to us

34) We are warmed by condensation because water molecules in the air that strike our bodies A) gain kinetic energy as they change state. B) transfer some of their kinetic energy to us. C) form an insulating layer on our bodies.

34) When a light beam emerges from water into air, the average light speed A) increases. B) decreases. C) remains the same.

34. Disconnect a small-voltage battery from a coil of many loops of wire, and a large voltage is produced by a. the large collapse in the magnetic field. b. latent energy in the battery. c. the resistance of the battery to a change in polarity. d. electrons already in the wire. e. the electric field between the battery terminals.

34. If an object is located inside the focal length of a diverging lens, then compared to the object, the image will be a. smaller. b. larger. c. the same size.

sounding board

35) A bass fiddle is louder than a harp because of its A) sounding board. B) thicker strings. C) lower pitch. D) all of these E) none of these

35) A wave travels an average distance of 6 meters in one second. What is the wave's velocity? A) less than 0.2 m/s B) 1 m/s C) 3 m/s D) 6 m/s E) more than 6 m/s

999 grams

35) If a gram of antimatter meets a kilogram of matter, the amount of mass to survive is A) 1 gram. B) 999 grams. C) 1 kilogram. D) 1.1 kilogram.

35) If a projectile is fired straight up at a speed of 10 m/s, the total time to return to its starting position is about A) 1 second. B) 2 seconds. C) 10 seconds. D) 20 seconds. E) not enough information to estimate.

35) If the primary of a transformer were connected to a dc power source, the transformer would have a voltage output A) at a higher efficiency than with an ac source. B) the same. C) that is also dc. D) only while being connected or disconnected. E) none of these.

35) Refraction causes the bottom of a swimming pool to appear A) farther down than it actually is. B) closer to the surface than it actually is. C) neither.

shower

35) Reverberation is a phenomenon you would be most likely to hear if you sing in the A) shower. B) desert.

35) The electric field around an isolated electron has a certain strength 1 cm from the electron. The electric field strength 2 cm from the electron is A) half as much. B) the same. C) twice as much. D) four times as much. E) none of these.

35) The number of electrons delivered daily to an average American home by an average power utility in the mid 1980s was A) zero. B) 110. C) 220. D) billions of billions. E) none of these.

shortest period and the shortest length

35) The pendulum with the greatest frequency is the pendulum with the A) shortest period. B) shortest length. C) shortest period and the shortest length. D) shortest amplitude. E) greatest amplitude.

faster

35) When a river narrows, the water in the river flows __________. A) at the same rate B) faster C) slower

does not change

35) When heat is added to boiling water, its temperature A) decreases. B) increases. C) does not change.

35. If an object is located inside the focal length of a converging lens, the image will be a. right-side up. b. upside down.

35. Power is transmitted at high voltages because the corresponding current in the wires is a. also high to deliver appreciable power to distant places. b. low so that overheating of the wires is minimized. c. both of these d. neither of these

36) A tow truck exerts a force of 3000 N on a car, accelerating it at 2 meters per second per second. What is the mass of the car? A) 500 kg B) 1000 kg C) 1500 kg D) 3000 kg E) none of these

36) A wave travels an average distance of 1 meter in 1 second with a frequency of 1 hertz. Its amplitude is A) less than 1 meter. B) 1 meter. C) more than 1 meter. D) not enough information to say

condensation of steam inside

36) Consider a steaming aluminum soda-pop can that contains a small amount of boiling water. When it is quickly inverted into a bath of cooler water the can is dramatically crushed by atmospheric pressure. This occurs because the pressure inside the can is rapidly reduced by A) rapid conduction of heat to the relatively cool water. B) condensation of steam inside. C) sudden slowing of the air and steam molecules inside. D) reduced internal energy. E) contact with the relatively cool water.

36) Consider drops of water that leak from a dripping faucet. As the drops fall they A) get closer together. B) get farther apart. C) remain at a relatively fixed distance from one another.

parallel to the surface of the Earth

36) The tangential velocity of an Earth satellite is its velocity A) parallel to the surface of the Earth. B) perpendicular to the surface of the Earth. C) attributed to satellites moving in any direction.

36) Two lamps, one with a thick filament and one with a thin filament, are connected in series. The current is greater in the lamp with the A) thick filament. B) thin filament. C) the same in each lamp.

18 amu

36) What is the molecular mass of a water molecule? A) 10 amu B) 12 amu C) 15 amu D) 18 amu E) None of these. It depends on the temperature.

36. Electric power can be transmitted from one place to another without the need for connecting wires in between. This statement is a. true. b. false.

37) A girl pulls on a 10-kg wagon with a constant horizontal force of 30 N. If there are no other horizontal forces, what is the wagon's acceleration in meters per second per second? A) 0.3 B) 3.0 C) 10 D) 30 E) 300

the amplitude of the harmonics are different

37) A guitar sounds different than a violin mainly because A) they do not produce the same frequencies. B) the sound produced have different speed. C) the amplitude of the harmonics are different. D) the fundamental resonants have different amplitudes. E) all of the above.

100 N per square meter

37) An industrial container holds 200 N of water. The area of the inside bottom of the container is 2 square meters. What pressure does the water exert on the bottom of the container? A) 400 N per square meter B) 200 N per square meter C) 800 N per square meter D) 100 N per square meter E) none of the above

37) Different colors are dispersed by a prism because different colors in the prism have different A) frequencies. B) speeds. C) directions. D) energies. E) none of these

37) Disregarding air drag, how fast must you toss a ball straight up in order for it to take 2 seconds to return to the level from which you tossed it? A) 5 m/s B) 7.5 m/s C) 10 m/s D) 15 m/s E) 20 m/s

the summation of a series of simple sine waves

37) Fourier discovered that periodic waves can be represented by A) a series of non-periodic waves. B) the summation of a series of simple sine waves. C) a binary code.

implode in

37) If a TV picture tube is broken, glass will __________. A) smoke and flame. B) implode in. C) explode out. D) none of the above

carbon

37) If two protons are removed from an oxygen nucleus, the result is A) nitrogen. B) carbon. C) helium. D) neon. E) positively charged oxygen.

37) If you use 10 J of work to push a charge into an electric field and then release the charge, as it flies past its starting position, its kinetic energy is A) less than 10 J. B) 10 J. C) more than 10 J.

37) The frequency of the second hand on a clock is A) 1 hertz. B) 1/60 hertz. C) 60 hertz.

at its natural frequency

37) The least amount of energy is required to produce forced vibration in an object A) above its natural frequency. B) at its natural frequency. C) below its natural frequency.

37) The main difference between a radio wave and a sound wave is their different A) frequencies. B) wavelengths. C) energies. D) amplitudes. E) modes of travel.

the air temperature

37) The speed of a sound wave in air depends on A) its frequency. B) its wavelength. C) the air temperature. D) all of the above choices are correct. E) None of the above choices are correct.

37. Rapid changes of a magnetic field induces a. a magnetic field of greater magnitude. b. a magnetic field of the same magnitude. c. an electric field.

38) A car accelerates at 2 meters per second per second. Assuming the car starts from rest, how much time does it need to accelerate to a speed of 30 m/s? A) 2 seconds B) 15 seconds C) 30 seconds D) 60 seconds E) none of these

38) An electroscope is charged positively as shown by foil leaves that stand apart. As a negative charge is brought close to the electroscope, the leaves A) fall closer together. B) spread apart further. C) do not move.

internal fluid pressure decreases as the fluid speed increases

38) Bernoulli's principle says that __________. A) as volume of a gas increases at constant temperature, the pressure decreases B) an object in air is buoyed up by a force equal to the weight of air displaced C) internal fluid pressure increases as the fluid speed increases D) internal fluid pressure decreases as the fluid speed increases E) as volume of a gas increases at constant temperature, the pressure increases

10 times as intense

38) Compared to a sound of 40 decibels, a sound of 50 decibels is A) 10 times as intense. B) 100 times as intense. C) 1000 times as intense. D) 10,000 times as intense. E) more than 10,000 times as intense.

longitudinal waves

38) Compressions and rarefactions are characteristic of A) longitudinal waves. B) transverse waves. C) both longitudinal and transverse waves. D) Neither of the above choices are correct.

38) If the mass of an object does not change, a constant net force on the object produces constant A) velocity. B) acceleration. C) both of these D) none of these.

38) If the sun were to disappear right now, we wouldn't know about it for 8 minutes because it takes 8 minutes A) for the sun to disappear. B) to operate receiving equipment in the dark. C) for light to travel from the sun to the Earth. D) all of these E) none of these

metal has higher thermal conductivity so they draw more heat from the object in contact

38) Metal in a room usually feel colder than other objects in the same room because A) metal maintain a cooler temperature because of the rapid movement of electrons. B) metal has lower temperature because of its higher specific heat capacity. C) non-metal absorbs heat better from the environment so they have slightly higher temperatures. D) metal has higher thermal conductivity so they draw more heat from the object in contact. E) all of the above.

38) Rainbows are not usually seen as complete circles because A) the ground is usually in the way. B) they are actually elliptical. C) they have no bottom part. D) raindrops are not perfectly round. E) rainbows are actually arched shaped.

38) The period of the second hand on a clock is A) 1 second. B) 1/60 second. C) 60 seconds. D) 3600 seconds. E) 12 hours.

None of the above is true

38) To change mercury into gold, a pair of protons must be A) removed from the mercury nucleus. B) added to the mercury nucleus. C) removed from the gold nucleus D) added to the gold nucleus. E) None of the above is true.

38) Two lamps, one with a thick filament and one with a thin filament of the same material, are connected in parallel to a battery. The current is larger in the lamp with the A) thick filament. B) thin filament. C) current is the same in both.

38. A simple astronomical telescope consists of a. condenser lenses, prisms, and a projection lens. b. a pair of converging lenses. c. several sets of lenses that focus an image on the eye. d. a single lens that focuses an image on a piece of film. e. none of the above

38. The metal detectors that people walk through at airports operate via a. Ohm's law. b. Faraday's law. c. Coulomb's law. d. Newton's laws. e. civil laws.

330 m/s

39) A cello string 0.75 m long has a fundamental frequency of 220 hertz.The speed of a wave on the string is A) 165 m/s. B) 220 m/s. C) 294 m/s. D) 330 m/s. E) none of these.

39) A force of 1 N accelerates a mass of 1 kg at the rate of 1 m/s2. The acceleration of a mass of 2 kg acted upon by a net force of 2 N is A) half as much. B) twice as much. C) the same. D) none of these.

39) A single raindrop illuminated by sunshine disperses A) a single color. B) either low, middle, or high frequency colors in most cases. C) all the colors of the rainbow.

conservation of energy

39) Bernoulli's principle really comes from __________. A) the definition of acceleration B) conservation of energy C) conservation of momentum D) buoyant force considerations E) the definition of pressure

39) Charge carriers in a metal are electrons rather than protons because electrons are A) negative. B) smaller. C) loosely bound. D) all of these. E) none of these.

39) Glass is transparent to wave frequencies that A) match its natural frequencies. B) are below its natural frequencies. C) both of these D) none of these

fluorine

39) If two protons are added to an oxygen nucleus, the result is A) heavy oxygen. B) fluorine. C) neon. D) sodium. E) nitrogen.

all of the above

39) On a hot summer day, it is more likely to have on-shore wind at the beach because A) moving air produce lower pressure. B) temperature on the land is higher than that in water. C) warm air has lower density. D) water has a higher heat capacity. E) all of the above.

39) On a humid day, water condenses on the outside of a glass of ice water. This phenomenon occurs mainly because of A) the porosity of glass. B) capillary action. C) adhesion of water molecules to glass. D) the saturation of cooled air. E) evaporation.

tend to be refracted downward

39) On some days, air nearest the ground is colder than air that is higher up. On one of these days, sound waves A) tend to be refracted downward. B) tend to be refracted upward. C) travel without refraction.

20 N

39) One liter of water weighs about 10 N. Suppose a 2-liter container is filled with 266 N of mercury and then lowered into a container of water. Assuming the container is completely submerged, what is the buoyant force acting on it? A) 133 N B) 20 N C) 266 N D) 26.6 N E) 10 N

surface area of the water

4) The pressure at the bottom of a jug filled with water does NOT depend on the __________. A) depth of the liquid B) density of water C) surface area of the water D) acceleration due to gravity E) none of the above

4) The two measurements necessary for calculating average speed are A) acceleration and time. B) velocity and time. C) distance and time. D) distance and acceleration. E) velocity and distance.

at right angles to the direction of wave travel

4) The vibrations of a transverse wave move in a direction A) along the direction of wave travel. B) at right angles to the direction of wave travel.

4) You can touch a 100,000-volt Van de Graaff generator with little harm because although the voltage is high, the relatively small amount of charge means there is a relatively small amount of A) polarization. B) energy. C) electric field. D) conduction.

as soon as it leaves the barrel

4. A bullet fired horizontally from a rifle begins to fall A) as soon as it leaves the barrel. B) after air friction reduces its speed. C) neither of these

4. A positive ion has more A. electrons than neutrons. B. electrons than protons. C. protons than electrons. D. protons than neutrons. E. neutrons than protons.

40 N

4. An asteroid exerts a 360-N gravitational force on a nearby spacecraft. If the spacecraft moves to a point 3 times as far from the center of the asteroid, the force will be A) zero. B) 40 N. C) 120 N. D) 360 N. E) 1080 N.

4. An echo occurs when sound a. is transmitted through a surface. b. is reflected from a distant surface. c. changes speed when it strikes a distant surface. d. all of the above e. none of the above

weight of the atmosphere

4. Atmospheric pressure is caused by the A. density of the atmosphere. B. weight of the atmosphere. C. temperature of the atmosphere. D. effect of the sun's energy on the atmosphere.

temperature, but less internal energy

4. Compared to a giant iceberg, a hot cup of coffee has more a. internal energy and higher temperature b. temperature, but less internal energy c. specific heat and more internal energy d. none of these

twice as fast

4. Consider a string with several rocks tied along its length at equally spaced intervals. You whirl the string overhead so that the rocks follow circular paths. Compared to a rock in the middle of the string, a rock at the outer end moves A) half as fast. B) twice as fast. C) at the same linear speed.

4. Diffuse reflection occurs when the size of surface irregularities is a. small compared to the wavelength of the light used. b. large compared to the wavelength of the light used.

4. If a steady magnetic field exerts a force on a moving charge, that force is directed A. opposite the motion. B. in the direction of the motion. C. at right angles to the direction of the motion.

4. Like kinds of magnetic poles repel while unlike kinds of magnetic poles a. attract. b. repel also. c. may attract or repel.

it is approaching

40) The pitch of a car engine is higher when A) it is approaching. B) it is moving away. C) in a hot summer day when the speed of sound is greater. D) the city is quiet at night. E) none of the above.

is the volume of 20 000 N of water

40) The volume of water displaced by a floating 20 000 N boat __________. A) is the volume of 20 000 N of water B) is the volume of the boat C) depends on the shape of the ship's hull D) is 20 000 cubic meters

40) To be safe in the unlikely case of a lightning strike, it is best to be inside a building framed with A) steel. B) wood. C) both the same.

Nothing; they are continually falling as they orbit the Earth

40) What prevents satellites such as the space shuttle from falling? A) gravity B) centripetal force C) centrifugal force D) the absence of air drag E) Nothing; they are continually falling as they orbit the Earth.

40) When you view a distant rainbow, you view from each single water drop that contributes to the bow A) a single color. B) either low, middle, or high frequency colors in most cases. C) all the colors of the rainbow.

40. Changing the magnetic field intensity in a closed loop of wires induces a. current. b. voltage. c. both of these d. neither of these

the more energetic molecules are able to escape the liquid

40. Evaporation is a cooling process because a. heat is radiated during the process. b. of conduction and convection. c. the more energetic molecules are able to escape the liquid. d. the temperature of the remaining liquid decreases. e. none of these

41 . Metal detectors, like the ones used at airports, are activated by a. electric fields. b. magnetic fields. c. electromagnetic induction. d. alternating current.

water left behind cools

41 . To say that evaporation is a cooling process is to say that the a. water left behind cools. b. surrounding air cools.

41) A charged balloon neatly illustrates that something can have a great amount of A) potential energy and a low voltage. B) voltage and a small potential energy. C) both voltage and potential energy. D) none of these.

41) A pair of sunglasses and a pair of clear reading glasses are left in the sunlight. The hotter glasses would be the A) sunglasses. B) reading glasses. C) both D) neither

more than 20 s

41) An explosion occurs 34 km away. Knowing that sound travels at 340 m/s, the time it takes for the sound to reach you is A) 10 s. B) 0.1 s. C) 20 s. D) 1 s. E) more than 20 s.

41) As more lamps are put into a parallel circuit, the overall current in the power source A) increases. B) decreases. C) stays the same.

100 liters

41) Floating Freda, who can just barely float in fresh water, has a mass of 100 kg. Her volume is therefore about __________. A) 100 liters. B) 220 liters. C) 50 liters. D) none of the above

helium

41) If one neutron is added to a helium nucleus, the result is A) hydrogen. B) boron. C) lithium. D) beryllium. E) helium.

least amount of energy input

41) Resonance can be looked at as forced vibration with the A) least amount of energy input. B) maximum amount of energy input. C) matching of wave amplitudes. D) matching of constructive and destructive interference. E) minimum beat frequency.

41) Some of a wave's energy dissipates as heat. In time, this will reduce the wave's A) speed. B) wavelength. C) amplitude. D) frequency. E) period.

all of these

41) The circular path of a satellite orbiting the Earth is characterized by a constant A) speed. B) acceleration. C) radial distance. D) all of these E) none of these

41) The mass of a pet turtle that weighs 10 N is about A) 1 kg. B) 10 kg. C) 100 kg. D) 1000 kg. E) none of these.

41) When a rock thrown straight upwards gets to the exact top of its path, its A) velocity is zero and its acceleration is zero. B) velocity is zero and its acceleration is about 10 meters per second per second. C) velocity is about 10 m/s and its acceleration is zero. D) velocity is about 10 m/s and its acceleration is about 10 meters per second per second. E) none of these.

41) When the handle of a tuning fork is held solidly against a table, the sound becomes louder and the time that the fork keeps vibrating A) becomes longer. B) becomes shorter. C) remains the same.

The large wing plane

41) Which has more lift, a plane with large wings or a plane with small wings flying at the same speed? A) Neither -- they both have the same lift. B) The large wing plane C) The small wing plane D) More information is needed to say.

50 N

42) A 5000-N car is lifted on a hydraulic piston of area 2000 square centimeters. How much force on a 20-square-centimeter piston is needed to lift the car? A) 2000 N B) 5000 N C) 250 N D) 50 N E) 500 N

42) A bullet is dropped from the top of the Empire State Building while another bullet is fired downward from the same location. Neglecting air resistance, the acceleration of A) the fired bullet is greater. B) the dropped bullet is greater. C) each bullet is 9.8 meters per second per second.

nearest the Earth

42) An Earth satellite is in an elliptical orbit. The satellite travels fastest when it is A) nearest the Earth. B) farthest from the Earth. C) It travels at constant speed everywhere in orbit.

42) How many protons should be added to the nuclei of oxygen atoms so the resulting gas will glow red when there is an electric current through it? A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) But protons will have to be subtracted, not added.

faster in helium than in air

42) Inhaling helium increases the pitch of your voice. The reason for this is that sound travels A) slower in helium than in air. B) faster in helium than in air. C) the same speed in helium, but the wavelength is greater.

42) Normally a balloon charged to several thousand volts has a relatively small amount of A) charge. B) energy. C) both. D) neither.

decreases

42) Repeatedly tap the side of a drinking glass with a spoon while filling it with water and you will notice that the pitch of the sound A) decreases. B) remains relatively constant. C) increases.

42) Resonance can be looked at as forced vibration with the A) least amount of energy input. B) maximum amount of energy input. C) matching of wave amplitudes. D) matching of constructive and destructive interference. E) minimum beat frequency.

42) The amplitude of a particular wave is 1 meter. The top-to-bottom distance of the disturbance is A) 0.5 m. B) 1 m. C) 2 m. D) none of these

42) The critical angle for a transparent material is the angle at and beyond which all light within the material is A) refracted. B) reflected. C) absorbed. D) dispersed. E) diffused.

The light plane

42) Which has more lift, a heavy plane flying at a low speed or a light plane with the same size wings flying at a high speed? A) The heavy plane B) More information is needed to say. C) Neither -- they both have the same lift. D) The light plane

42. The principal advantage of ac power over dc power is that a. less energy is dissipated during transmission. b. ac voltage oscillates while dc voltage does not. c. ac voltage can be transformed via conventional transformers. d. ac circuits multiply power more easily. e. ac circuits are safer.

43) An object following a straight-line path at constant speed A) has a net force acting upon it in the direction of motion. B) has zero acceleration. C) must be moving in a vacuum or in the absence of air drag. D) has no forces acting on it. E) none of these.

43) In which one of these media does sound travel the fastest? A) water vapor B) water C) ice D) steam E) Sound travels the same speed in each of the above media.

the planet nearest the sun

43) The fastest moving planet in a solar system is A) the smallest planet. B) the most massive planet. C) the planet nearest the sun. D) the planet farthest from the sun. E) any planet, for they all move at the same speed.

both A and B

43) The lift that supports an airplane wing is a consequence of __________. A) Newton's third law. B) Bernoulli's principle. C) both A and B. D) none of the above

43) The muzzle velocity of a certain gun is 100 m/s. Neglecting air resistance, at the end of one second a bullet fired straight up into the air will have traveled a distance of A) (100 - 4.9) m. B) (100 + 4.9) m. C) 100 m. D) 4.9 m. E) none of these.

frequency

43) The pitch of a musical sound depends on the sound wave's A) wavelength. B) frequency. C) amplitude. D) speed. E) all of these

43) What is the wavelength of an electromagnetic wave that has a frequency of 1 hertz? A) less than 1 m B) 1 m C) more than 1 m

43) When a pendulum clock at sea level is taken to the top of a high mountain, it will A) gain time. B) lose time. C) neither gain nor lose time.

43) When we say an appliance "uses up electricity," we really are saying that A) current disappears. B) electric charges are dissipated. C) the main power supply voltage is lowered. D) electrons are taken out of the circuit and put somewhere else. E) electron kinetic energy is changed into heat

uranium

43) Which of these atoms has the greatest amount of electrical charge in its nucleus? A) helium B) carbon C) iron D) gold E) uranium

43) You can touch a 100,000-volt Van de Graaff generator with little harm because although the voltage is high, the relatively small amount of charge means there is a relatively small amount of A) energy. B) electric field. C) polarization. D) conduction.

both of these

43. Steam burns are more damaging than burns caused by boiling water because steam a. gives up additional energy when it condenses. b. has more energy per kilogram than boiling water. c. both of these d. neither of these

decreases

44) As we become older, the frequency range of human hearing A) increases. B) remains relatively constant. C) decreases.

44) Compared to the resistance of two resistors connected in series, the same two resistors connected in parallel have A) more resistance. B) less resistance. C) the same resistance.

44) If you double the frequency of a vibrating object, its period A) doubles. B) halves. C) is quartered.

44) In optical fibers of uniform density, light actually A) curves in a direction parallel to the central axis of the fiber. B) travels in straight-line segments. C) travels along the outer surface of the fiber. D) None of the above choices are correct.

44) Two charges separated by one meter exert 1-N forces on each other. If the charges are pushed to 1/4 meter separation, the force on each charge will be A) 1 N. B) 2 N. C) 4 N. D) 8 N. E) 16 N.

44) What is the wavelength of an electromagnetic wave that has a frequency of 3 kilohertz? A) less than 1 km B) 1 km C) more than 1 km

uranium

44) Which of these atoms has the greatest number of electrons? A) helium B) carbon C) iron D) gold E) uranium

44. If a person's eyes cannot form sharp images at any distance, the person a. has astigmatism. b. is nearsighted. c. is farsighted.

45) A bullet is dropped into a river from a very high bridge. At the same time, another bullet is fired from a gun, straight down towards the water. Neglecting air resistance, the acceleration just before striking the water A) is greater for the dropped bullet. B) is greater for the fired bullet. C) is the same for each bullet. D) depends on how high they started. E) none of these.

45) An explosion occurs 34 km away. Since sound travels at 340 m/s, the time it takes for the sound to reach you is A) 0.1 second. B) 1 second. C) 10 seconds. D) 20 seconds. E) more than 20 seconds.

45) If you plug an electric toaster rated at 110 V into a 220-V outlet, the current in the toaster will be about A) half what it should be. B) the same as if it were plugged into 110 V. C) more than twice what it should be. D) twice what it should be.

45) Neglecting friction, a large block of ice and a small block of ice start sliding down an incline together. The heavier block will get to the bottom A) before the light block. B) after the light block. C) at the same time as the light block.

amplitude

45) The loudness of a musical sound is a measure of the sound wave's A) frequency. B) wavelength. C) amplitude. D) speed. E) all of these

there is less pressure inside the curtain

45) The reason a shower curtain will pull to the inside of a bathtub during a shower is that __________. A) there is more air inside the curtain B) there is more pressure inside the curtain C) there is more water inside the curtain D) there is less air inside the curtain E) there is less pressure inside the curtain

45) Two charges separated by one meter exert 1-N forces on each other. If the charges are pulled to 3-m separation distance, the force on each charge will be A) 0.33 N. B) 0.11 N. C) 0 N. D) 3 N. E) 9 N.

45) What is the frequency of an electromagnetic wave that has a wavelength of 300,000 km? A) less than 1 Hz B) 1 Hz C) more than 1 Hz

45) You dip your finger repeatedly into water and make waves. If you dip your finger more frequently, the wavelength of the waves A) shortens. B) lengthens. C) stays the same.

45. Sometimes after light passes through a lens, there are tiny bands of color around the edge of the image. This is due to a. chromatic aberration. b. objective aberration. c. astigmatism. d. prismatic aberration. e. spherical aberration.

46) Someone standing at the edge of a cliff throws one ball straight up and another ball straight down at the same initial speed. Neglecting air resistance, the ball to hit the ground below the cliff with the greater speed will be A) the one thrown upward. B) the one thrown downward. C) neither - they will both hit with the same speed.

47) A ball is thrown upwards. Neglecting air resistance, what initial upward speed does the ball need to remain in the air for a total time of 10 seconds? A) about 50 m/s B) about 60 m/s C) about 80 m/s D) about 100 m/s E) about 110 m/s

47) A floating object oscillates up and down 2 complete cycles in 1 second as a water wave of wavelength 5 meters passes by. The speed of the wave is A) 2 m/s. B) 5 m/s. C) 10 m/s. D) 15 m/s. E) none of these

lower frequency notes

47) All other things being the same, strings that have more mass than other strings will produce A) higher frequency notes. B) the same frequency notes. C) lower frequency notes.

47) If 0.8 A of current flow through a light bulb connected to a 120 V outlet, the power consumed is A) 12 W. B) 15 W. C) 60 W. D) 96 W. E) 120 W.

47) What is the power rating of a light bulb if 0.8 A flow through it when it is connected to a 120-volt outlet? A) 12 W B) 15 W C) 60 W D) 96 W E) 120 W

47) Your image in a plane mirror is A) virtual. B) real. C) both of these D) neither of these

48) A 10-N block and a 1-N block lie on a horizontal frictionless table. To push them with equal acceleration, we would have to push with A) equal forces on each block. B) 10 times as much force on the heavier block. C) 10 squared or 100 times as much force on the heavier block. D) 1/10 as much force on the heavier block. E) none of these.

48) A ball is thrown 125 meters upward and then falls the same distance back to Earth. Neglecting air resistance, its total time in the air is about A) 5 seconds. B) 10 seconds. C) 15 seconds. D) more than 20 seconds.

48) A wave oscillates up and down two complete cycles each second. If the wave travels an average distance of 6 meters in one second, its wavelength is A) 0.5 m. B) 1 m. C) 2 m. D) 3 m. E) 6 m.

48) At the same time an astronaut on the moon sees a solar eclipse, observers on Earth see A) a lunar eclipse. B) a solar eclipse. C) no eclipse at all.

48) The headlights, radio, and defroster fan in an automobile are connected in A) series with a switch for each. B) parallel with a switch for each. C) series without separate switches. D) parallel without separate switches.

48) The headlights, radio, and defroster fan in an automobile are connected in A) series. B) parallel.

48) The type of lens that spreads parallel light is a A) converging lens. B) diverging lens. C) combination converging-diverging lens.

48) Two charged particles repel each other with a force F. If the charge of one of the particles is doubled and the distance between them is also doubled, then the force will be A) F. B) 2 F. C) F/2. D) F/4. E) none of these.

48. Disregarding the effects of friction, a cyclist will coast farther when a lamp powered by a wheel generator is a. of low wattage. b. of high wattage. c. burned out. d. none of these

48. Spherical aberration occurs when light passes through a. the center part of a lens. b. a round lens. c. diverging lenses. d. the edges of a lens. e. none of the above

49) A 4-ohm resistor is connected in parallel with a 6-ohm resistor. This combination produces an equivalent resistance of A) 2.4 ohms. B) 4 ohms. C) 5 ohms. D) 5.5 ohms. E) 10 ohms.

49) A pot falls from a ledge and hits the ground 45 m below. The speed with which it hits the ground is about A) 30 m/s. B) 60 m/s. C) 120 m/s. D) more than 120 m/s.

49) A rocket becomes progressively easier to accelerate as it travels upward from the ground mainly because A) gravity becomes weaker with increased distance. B) the applied force on the rocket increases as burning of fuel progresses. C) the mass of the rocket decreases as fuel is burned.

49) As a train of water waves goes by, a piece of cork floating on the water bobs up and down one complete cycle each second. The waves are 2 meters long. What is the speed of the wave? A) 0.25 m/s B) 0.50 m/s C) 1.0 m/s D) 2 m/s E) 4 m/s

longer

49) Relative to ultraviolet waves, the wavelength of infrared waves is A) the same. B) shorter. C) longer.

49) Two charged particles attract each other with a force F. If the charges of both particles are doubled, and the distance between them also doubled, then the force of attraction will be A) F. B) 2 F. C) F/2. D) F/4. E) none of these.

49) Which of the following can be projected onto a viewing screen? A) a real image B) a virtual image C) both D) neither

49. As a motor armature turns faster and faster, net current in the motor windings a. increases. b. decreases. c. remains unchanged.

49. Chromatic aberration occurs because different colored light rays a. refract at different angles when passing through a lens. b. pass through different part of a lens. c. focus at different places after reflection from a mirror. d. none of the above

6. When light reflects from a surface, there is a change in its a. frequency. b. wavelength. c. speed. d. all of these. e. none of these.

weight of the fluid displaced

5) Archimedes' principle says that an object is buoyed up by a force that is equal to the __________. A) volume of the fluid displaced B) mass of the fluid displaced C) weight of the fluid displaced D) mass of the object E) none of the above

weight of the atmosphere

5) Atmospheric pressure is caused by the A) density of the atmosphere. B) weight of the atmosphere. C) temperature of the atmosphere. D) effect of the sun's energy on the atmosphere.

the white surface

5) Both black and white road surfaces radiate energy. At the end of a starry night (no clouds) the warmer road surface will be A) the white surface. B) the black surface. C) neither -- there is no difference.

5) Electromagnetic waves can travel A) through a vacuum. B) through a medium. C) through either a medium or a vacuum.

5) Glass is opaque to wave frequencies that A) are below its natural frequencies. B) match its natural frequencies. C) both of these. D) none of these.

5) If a steady magnetic field exerts a force on a moving charge, that force is directed A) in the direction of the field. B) opposite the direction of the field. C) at right angles to the direction of the field.

0.1 seconds

5) If the frequency of a certain wave is 10 hertz, its period is A) 0.1 seconds. B) 10 seconds. C) 100 seconds. D) none of these.

5) Strip electrons from an atom and the atom becomes a A) positive ion. B) negative ion. C) different element.

5) The approximate range of human hearing is A) 10 hertz to 10,000 hertz. B) 20 hertz to 20,000 hertz. C) 40 hertz to 40,000 hertz. D) Actually all of theseıdepends on the hearing ability of the person.

5) The greater the difference in temperature between the input reservoir and the output reservoir for a heat engine, the A) greater the efficiency. B) less the efficiency. C) Neitherıefficiency of a heat engine doesn't depend on temperature difference.

5) The law of reflection holds for A) plane mirrors. B) curved mirrors. C) both of these D) neither of these

straight

5) The rotational inertia of your leg is greater when your leg is A) straight. B) bent. C) same either way

along the direction of wave travel

5) The vibrations of a longitudinal wave move in a direction A) at right angles to the direction of wave travel. B) along the direction of wave travel.

5) Voltage can be induced in a wire by A) moving the wire near a magnet. B) moving a magnet near the wire. C) changing the current in a nearby wire. D) all of these. E) none of these.

Both have the same density

5) Which has the greater density, a lake full of water or a cup full of lake water? A) the cup full of lake water B) the lake full of lake water C) Both have the same density. D) It is impossible to tell without knowing the size of the lake.

5) Which of the following is not a transverse wave? A) sound B) light C) radio D) all of these E) none of these

5) Which statement is correct? A) Charge flows in a circuit. B) Voltage flows through a circuit. C) Resistance is established across a circuit. D) Current causes voltage.

5) Which statement is correct? A) Charge flows in a closed circuit. B) Voltage flows through an open or a closed circuit. C) Resistance flows though an open circuit. D) Current is the primary cause of voltage.

amplitude

5)The loudness of a musical sound is a measure of the sound wave's A)speed. B)wavelength. C)amplitude. D)frequency. E)all of these

80 J

5. A 2-kg mass is held 4 m above the ground. What is the approximate potential energy of the mass with respect to the ground? a. 20 J b. 40 J c. 60 J d. 80 J e. none of these

weight of air it displaces

5. A balloon is buoyed up with a force equal to the A. weight of air it displaces. B. density of surrounding air. C. atmospheric pressure. D. weight of the balloon and contents. E. all of these.

50 m/s

5. A projectile is launched vertically upward at 50 m/s. If air resistance is negligible, its speed upon returning to its starting point is A) less than 50 m/s. B) 50 m/s. C) more than 50 m/s.

5. A surface that is considered rough for infrared waves may be polished for a. radio waves. b. light waves. c. both of these. d. none of these.

highest, farthest from your hand

5. An upright broom is easier to balance when the heavier end is A) nearest your hand. B) highest, farthest from your hand. C) same either way.

none of these

5. Consider two planets in space that gravitationally attract each other. If the masses of both planets are doubled, and the distance between them is also doubled, then the force between them is A) one quarter. B) half as much. C) twice as much. D) four times as much. E) none of these

5. Diffuse reflection occurs when the size of surface irregularities is a. larger than 1 m in diameter. b. large compared to the wavelength of the light used. c. small compared to the wavelength of the light used. d. larger than 1 cm in diameter. e. none of the above

decreases

5. If glass expanded more than mercury, then the column of mercury in a mercury thermometer would rise when the temperature a. increases c. neither increases nor decreases b. decreases

wood

50) A large block of wood and a smaller block of iron on weighing scales both register the same weight - 1 ton. Taking buoyancy of air into account, which has the greater mass? A) wood B) iron C) Both have the same mass. D) More information is needed.

50) A rock is thrown vertically into the air. At the very top of its trajectory the net force on it is A) less than its weight. B) more than its weight. C) its weight.

50) A skipper on a boat notices wave crests passing the anchor chain every 5 seconds. The skipper estimates the distance between crests is 15 m. What is the speed of the water waves? A) 3 m/s B) 5 m/s C) 15 m/s D) not enough information given

50) The power dissipated in a 4-ohm resistor carrying 3 A is A) 7 W. B) 18 W. C) 36 W. D) 48 W. E) not enough information to say

50) The power dissipated in a 4-ohm resistor carrying 3 A is A) 7 W. B) 18 W. C) 36 W. D) 48 W. E) not enough information to say.

50) The vibrational direction of the electron and the plane of polarization of the light it emits A) are the same. B) are at right angles to each other. C) may or may not be at right angles to each other. D) are independent of each other.

50) When a single charge q is placed on one corner of a square, the electric field at the center of the square is F/q. If three other equal charges are placed on the other corners, the electric field at the center of the square due to these four equal charges is A) F/q. B) 4F/q. C) F/(2q). D) F/(4q). E) none of these.

sound waves

50) Which of the following is fundamentally different from the others? A) gamma rays B) X rays C) radio waves D) light waves E) sound waves

50. If the primary of a transformer were connected to a dc power source, the transformer would have a voltage output a. at a higher efficiency than with an ac source. b. the same. c. that is also dc. d. only while being connected or disconnected. e. none of these

51) A child swings to and fro on a playground swing. If the child stands rather than sits, the time for a to-and-fro swing is A) lengthened. B) shortened. C) unchanged.

51) A man leans over the edge of a cliff and throws a rock upward at 4.9 m/s. Neglecting air resistance, one second later the rock's speed is A) zero. B) 4.9 m/s. C) 9.8 m/s. D) 14.7 m/s. E) none of the above.

51) A rock is thrown vertically into the air. At the top of its path, its acceleration in meters per second per second is A) zero. B) 9.8. C) between 0 and 9.8. D) greater than 9.8. E) none of these.

51) The image of the "infinitely-far-away" sun produced by a converging lens appears A) between the lens and the focal point. B) at the focal point. C) beyond the focal point.

51) When a single charge q is placed at one corner of a square, the electric field at the center of the square is F/q. If two other equal charges are placed at the adjacent corners of the square, the electric field at the center of the square due to these three equal charges is A) F/q. B) 4F/q. C) F/(2q). D) F/(4q). E) none of these.

51) Which is more dangerous, touching a faulty 110-volt light fixture, or a Van de Graaff generator charged to 100,000 volts? A) touching the light fixture B) touching the generator C) Touching both are about equally dangerous.

51) Which is more dangerous, touching a faulty 110-volt light fixture, or a Van de Graaff generator charged to 100,000 volts? A) touching the light fixture B)touching the generator C)Touching both are about equally dangerous.

51. The wavy bright and dark lines at the bottom of a swimming pool are the result of the water surface behaving like moving a. prisms. b. resonators. c. lenses. d. light absorbers.

51. What does the term magnetism come from? a. the interaction of relativistic electric fields on moving charges b. from a region of Magnesia, a province of Italy c. from a region of Magnesia, a province of Greece d. the Latin term for "attraction of metal" e. the Latin term for "electron"

52) A 60-W light bulb and a 100-W light bulb are each rated at 120 V. Which light bulb has a larger resistance? A) the 60-W bulb B) the 100-W bulb C) Both have the same resistance.

52) An electron is pushed into an electric field where it acquires a 1-V electrical potential. If two electrons are pushed the same distance into the same electric field, the electrical potential of the two electrons is A) 0.25 V. B) 0.5 V. C) 1 V. D) 2 V. E) 4 V.

52) Light will not pass through a pair of Polaroids when their axes are A) parallel. B) perpendicular. C) 45 degrees to each other. D) two of these E) all of these

52. Suppose you stand 2 m in front of a plane mirror. How far away from you is your image? a. ¼ m. b. ½ m. c. 1 m. d. 2 m. e. 4 m.

52. The first stones that were found to have magnetic qualities were called: a. lodestones b. iron ore c. nickelodeon d. bodestones e. loderocks

53) A 60-W light bulb and a 100-W light bulb are each connected to a 120 V outlet. Which light bulb has more current in it? A) the 60-W bulb B) the 100-W bulb C) Both have the same current.

53) A man leans over the edge of a cliff and throws a rock upward at 4.9 m/s. How far below the level from which it was thrown is the rock 2 seconds later? A) 4.9 m B) 9.8 m C) 14.7 m D) 19.6 m

53) Suppose a particle is being accelerated through space by a 10-N force. Suddenly the particle encounters a second force of 10 N in the opposite direction from the first force. The particle with both forces acting on it A) is brought to a rapid halt. B) decelerates gradually to a halt. C) continues at the speed it had when it encountered the second force. D) theoretically tends to accelerate toward the speed of light. E) none of these.

53) The electric field inside an uncharged metal ball is zero. If the ball is negatively charged, the electric field inside the ball is then A) less than zero. B) zero. C) greater than zero.

53) The glare seen from water is largely A) horizontally polarized. B) vertically polarized. C) non polarized.

53. Huygens' principle says that a. when light passes through two narrow slits, it produces an interference pattern. b. each point on a wave front acts as a new source of wavelets. c. when the crests of waves overlap, their individual effects add together. d. light waves bend slightly when passing through an opening. e. all points on a wave front are connected.

boil the eggs for a longer time

53. If you want to cook eggs by boiling them while in the mountains, then compared to sea level cooking, you should a. use a hotter flame. b. boil the eggs for a shorter time. c. boil the eggs for a longer time. d. none of these

53. Who were the first to use magnets for a compass? a. French b. Italians c. Chinese d. Americans e. Indians

54) A jumbo jet has a mass of 100,000 kg. The thrust for each of its four engines is 50,000 N. What is the jet's acceleration in meters per second per second when taking off? A) 0.25 B) 1 C) 2 D) 4 E) none of these

54) Compared to the filament thickness of a 60-W light bulb, the filament of a 100-W light bulb will be A) thinner. B) thicker. C) the same.

54) The polarization axes of ordinary sunglasses are A) vertical. B) horizontal. C) at right angles to each other.

54) The stride of a horse depends somewhat on the pendulum-like swing of its legs. This stride would be higher in frequency if more of the mass in its legs were concentrated A) in the upper part, nearer the horse's body. B) towards its feet. C) halfway up its legs. D) uniformly all along its legs. E) none of these

54) Two charged particles held close to each other are released. As they move, the force on each particle increases. Therefore, the particles have A) the same sign. B) opposite signs. C) not enough information given.

54. As you get farther and farther from a point source of waves, the wave fronts appear a. the same as when they were first created. b. straighter. c. rounder.

54. Who was the scientist who first made artificial magnets by rubbing pieces of iron against magnetic rocks? a. William Gilbert b. John Mitchell c. Hans Christian Oersted d. Andre-Marie Ampere e. Mr. Smith

55. When plane waves pass through an opening, the wave fronts will not change much if the opening is a. the same size as the wavelength. b. wide compared to the wavelength. c. narrow compared to the wavelength.

55. Which scientist was credited with finding out magnetic forces obey the inverse square law? a. William Gilbert b. Hans Christian Oersted c. John Mitchell d. Andre-Marie Ampere e. Mr. Smith

56) A 1-kg ball is thrown at 10 m/s straight upward. Neglecting air resistance, the net force that acts on the stone when it is halfway to the top of its path is about A) 1/2 N. B) 1 N. C) 5 N. D) 7.5 N. E) 10 N.

56) A positive charge and a negative charge held near each other are released. As they move, the force on each particle A) increases. B) decreases. C) stays the same.

56) Chromatic aberration is a consequence of different colors in a lens having different A) aberrations. B) frequencies. C) energies. D) critical angles. E) speeds.

56) Compared to a single lamp connected to a battery, two lamps connected in parallel to the same battery will carry A) more current. B) less current. C) the same current.

56) The sonic boom at ground level produced by an aircraft will be reduced if the aircraft A) is smaller, flies higher, and is more streamlined. B) flies higher. C) is more streamlined. D) is smaller. E) None of the above choices are true.

56. When a wave passes through an opening, some of the wave is bent. This phenomenon is called a. polarization. b. reflection. c. diffraction. d. refraction. e. interference.

56. Which scientist discovered that an electric current affects a magnetic compass? a. Hans Christian Oersted b. William Gilbert c. John Mitchell d. Andre-Marie Ampere e. Mr. Smith

57) An electric heater is rated at 300 W when used in a 110-V circuit. The safety fuse in the circuit can handle 15 A of current. How many heaters can be safely operated in the circuit? A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) 5 E) more than 5

more than 8 km/s

57) Minimal orbit speed about the Earth is about 8 km/s. Minimal orbital speed about Jupiter would be A) less than 8 km/s. B) more than 8 km/s. C) about 8 km/s.

57) The brakes of a speeding truck are slammed on and it skids to a stop. If the truck were heavily loaded so that it had twice the total mass, the skidding distance would be A) 1/2 as far. B) 1 1/2 times as far. C) 2 times as far. D) 4 times as far. E) the same.

57) Two charged particles held near each other are released. As they move, the acceleration of each decreases. Therefore, the particles have A) the same sign. B) opposite signs. C) not enough information given.

57) When a light ray passes, at a non-90 degree angle, from water into air, it A) bends toward the normal. B) bends away from the normal. C) travels much slower.

57. Diffraction occurs for a. radio waves. b. X-rays. c. light. d. electron beams. e. all of the above.

57. Suppose a magnet exerts an attractive force of 16 N on another magnet while placed 5 cm from it. What will be the force if the magnets are 10 cm apart? a. 8 N b. 32 N c. 4 N d. 0 N e. 256 N

releases energy

57. When a gas is changed to a liquid phase, the gas a. releases energy. b. absorbs energy. c. neither releases nor absorbs energy.

58) As a source of continuous sound approaches a constant speed, you will be aware of an apparent increasing of its A) loudness, frequency, and wavelength. B) loudness and wavelength. C) loudness and frequency. D) frequency and wavelength. E) None of the above choices are correct.

58. FM radio waves are not received as well as AM radio waves are in mountain canyons because a. they have a higher wavelength. b. they have a shorter wavelength. c. they do not have a high enough amplitude. d. they do not refract as well.

59) An object released from rest on another planet requires one second to fall a distance of 6 meters. What is the acceleration in meters per second per second due to gravity on this planet? A) 3 B) 6 C) 12 D) 15 E) none of these

59) If at a concert, a wind blows directly from the orchestra toward you, the speed of the sound you hear will be A) decreased. B) increased. C) neither decreased nor increased.

59) The current through two identical light bulbs connected in series is 0.25 A. The voltage across both bulbs is 110 V. The resistance of a single light bulb is A) 22 ohms. B) 44 ohms. C) 220 ohms. D) 440 ohms. E) none of these.

59. An interference pattern is produced when a. two or more light waves meet. b. the crests of two waves meet. c. the troughs of two waves meet. d. light passes through two narrow slits. e. all of the above

radiation

6) A Thermos bottle has double glass walls with silver coating on the glass surfaces that face one another. The silver coating reduces the energy that is transferred by A) radiation. B) conduction. C) convection. D) friction. E) none of these.

6) A truck is moving at constant velocity. Inside the storage compartment, a rock is dropped from the midpoint of the ceiling and strikes the floor below. The rock hits the floor A) exactly below the midpoint of the ceiling. B) ahead of the midpoint of the ceiling. C) behind the midpoint of the ceiling. D) more information is needed to solve this problem. E) none of these.

6) A wire moving sidewise in a magnetic field has NO induced voltage if A) it is moving in the direction of the field.. B) it is moving opposite the direction of the field. C) it is made of copper. D) it is moving very fast. E) two of these.

6) An iron rod becomes magnetic when A) positive ions accumulate at one end and negative ions at the other end. B) its atoms are aligned having plus charges on one side and negative charges on the other. C) the net spins of its electrons are in the same direction. D) its electrons stop moving and point in the same direction. E) none of these.

6) As a ball falls, the action force is the pull of the Earth's mass on the ball. The reaction force is the A) air resistance acting against the ball. B) acceleration of the ball. C) pull of the ball's mass on the Earth. D) non-existent in this case. E) none of these.

6) Electrons move in an electrical circuit A) by being bumped by other electrons. B) by colliding with molecules. C) by interacting with an established electric field. D) because the wires are so thin. E) none of these.

0.1 s

6) If the frequency of a certain wave is 10 Hz, its period is A) 10 s. B) 100 s. C) 0.1 s. D) none of these

still not be able to see or photograph an atom

6) If we doubled the magnifying power of the most powerful optical microscope in the world, we would A) be able to see individual atoms. B) be able to photograph individual atoms, even though we couldn't see them. C) still not be able to see or photograph an atom.

wave interference

6) In designing a music hall, an acoustical engineer deals mainly with A) forced vibrations. B) wave interference. C) beats. D) modulation. E) resonance.

atmospheric pressure

6) Most hand pumps used in wells rely on __________. A) atmospheric pressure B) sucking action C) Boyle's law D) Archimedes' Principle

True

6) Sound waves can interfere with one another so that no sound results. A) True B) False C) Either true or false, depending on the air temperature.

that changes as a person bends over

6) The center of mass of a human body is located at a point A) that is fixed, but different for different people. B) that is always directly behind the belly button. C) that changes as a person bends over. D) none of these

6) The first law of thermodynamics is a restatement of the A) principle of entropy. B) law of heat addition. C) Carnot cycle. D) conservation of energy. E) none of these

6) The main difference between a radio wave and a light wave is its A) speed. B) wavelength. C) frequency. D) all of these E) two of these

1000 kg

6) The mass of a cubic meter of water is A) 1 kg. B) 10 kg. C) 100 kg. D) 1000 kg. E) 9800 N.

1000 kg

6) The mass of a cubic meter of water is a. 1 kg. b. 10 kg. c. 100 kg. d. 1000 kg.

6) The vibrations of a transverse wave move in a direction A) along the direction of wave travel. B) at right angles to the direction of wave travel. C) that changes with speed.

electron orbitals

6) The volume of matter comes mostly from its A) protons in the nucleus B) electron orbitals

6) What is the acceleration of a car that maintains a constant velocity of 100 km/hr for 10 seconds? A) 0 B) 10 km/hr s C) 10 m/hr s D) 1000 km/hr s

1 kilogram

6) What is the approximate mass of a 1-squarecentimeter column of air that extends from sea level to the top of the atmosphere? A) 1 gram B) 1 kilogram C) 10 kilograms D) 100 kilograms

6) What is the wavelength of an electromagnetic wave that has a frequency of 3 kilohertz? A) 1 km. B) less than 1 km. C) more than 1 km.

180 m

6. A car moving at 50 km/h skids 20 m with locked brakes. How far will the car skid with locked brakes if it is traveling at 150 km/h? a. 20 m b. 60 m c. 90 m d. 120 m e. 180 m

freely falling around the earth

6. An Earth satellite is simply a projectile A) freely falling around the earth. B) floating motionless in space near the earth. C) approaching the earth from outer space.

nearest the rim

6. An industrial flywheel has a greater rotational inertia when most of its mass is A) nearest the rim. B) nearest the axis. C) uniformly spread out as in a disk.

6. An iron nail is more strongly attracted to the a. north pole of a magnet. b. south pole of a magnet. c. north or south pole-no difference really.

6. An iron rod becomes magnetic when A. positive ions accumulate at one end and negative ions at the other end. B. its atoms are aligned having plus charges on one side and negative charges on the other. C. the magneic dipoles are in the same direction. D. its electrons stop moving and point in the same direction. E. none of these.

bigger

6. As a helium-filled balloon rises in the air, it becomes A. bigger. B. more dense. C. heavier. D. all of these. E. none of these.

6. To say that electric charge is quantized is to say that the charge on an object A. may occur in an infinite variety of quantities. B. is a whole-number multiple of the charge of one electron. C. will interact with neighboring electric charges. D. can be neither created nor destroyed.

60) A power line with a resistance of 2 ohms has a current of 80 A in it. The power dissipated in the line is A) 40 W. B) 160 W. C) 320 W. D) 12,800 W. E) none of these

60) A power line with a resistance of 2 ohms has a current of 80 A in it. The power dissipated in the line is A) 40 W. B) 160 W. C) 320 W. D) 12,800 W. E) none of these.

60) At a concert the oboe is playing a long steady note as you walk away from the stage at an accelerating velocity toward the rest room. The pitch of the sound that you hear, is A) steady but higher than normal B) steady but lower than normal. C) continually decreasing. D) continually increasing. E) None of the above choices are correct.

60. Colors seen when gasoline forms a thin film on water are a demonstration of a. refraction. b. diffraction. c. dispersion. d. interference. e. polarization.

60. What is the main difference between electric charges and magnetic poles? a. electric charges can be isolated, magnetic poles cannot be isolated b. electric charges cannot be isolated, magnetic poles can be isolated c. electric charges both attract and repel, magnetic poles only attract d. electric charges both attract and repel, magnetic poles only repel e. magnetic poles both attract and repel, electric charges only repel

61) A 10-kilogram block with an initial velocity of 10 m/s slides 10 meters across a horizontal surface and comes to rest. It takes the block 2 seconds to stop. The stopping force acting on the block is about A) 5 N. B) 10 N. C) 25 N. D) 50 N. E) none of these.

61) What is the resistance of a 120-W incandescent lamp connected to a 120-V power supply? A) 1 ohm B) 60 ohms C) 100 ohms D) 144 ohms E) none of these

61. Iridescent colors seen in the pearly luster of an abalone shell are due to a. refraction. b. polarization. c. dispersion. d. reflection. e. none of the above

61. What would happen if you broke a bar magnet into 8 pieces? a. you would have 8 half magnets b. you would have 4 complete magnets c. you would have 8 complete magnets d. you would get into trouble with the teacher e. you would destroy all magnetic properties of the original magnet

62. The space around a magnet contains what? a. a magnetic field b. mostly nitrogen, with some oxygen and other various gasses c. nothing d. an electric field e. an anti-gravitational field

63) Connect a pair of lamps in series and you draw current from the connected battery. Connect the same lamps in parallel and you draw A) the same current. B) more current. C) less current. D) sometimes more, sometimes less.

63) If you are driving at 20 m/s and slam on your brakes and skid at 0.5 g to a full stop, the skidding time in seconds is about A) 3. B) 4. C) 5. D) 6. E) more than 6.

63) Which of the following are consequences of light's traveling at different speeds in different media? A) mirages B) rainbows C) internal reflection D) all of these E) none of these

63. Constructive interference occurs when a. the crest of one wave meets the trough of another wave. b. two waves of the same color overlap. c. the crests of two waves overlap. d. all of the above e. none of the above

63. When looking at iron filings that have been allowed to interact with a magnetic field, what does the density of lines suggest? a. nothing b. that the magnetic field is weakest there c. that the magnetic field is strongest there d. that the electric field is un-canceled there e. that the electric field is the strongest there

64) A 1000-kg automobile enters a freeway on-ramp at 20 m/s and accelerates uniformly up to 40 m/s in a time of 10 seconds. How far does the automobile travel during that time? A) 100 m B) 200 m C) 300 m D) 400 m E) none of these

64) Stars twinkle when seen from the Earth. When seen from the moon, stars A) twinkle more. B) twinkle less. C) don't twinkle.

64) Three resistors, 1-ohm, 2-ohm, and 3- ohm are connected in parallel. If they were connected in series instead their equivalent resistance would be A) 7 times as great. B) 9 times as great. C) 11 times as great. D) 13 times as great. E) None of the above choices are correct.

64. Destructive interference occurs when a. the crests of two waves overlap. b. two waves of the same color overlap. c. the crest of one wave meets the trough of another wave. d. all of the above e. none of the above

none of these

64. To melt 50 g of O°C ice requires a. 25 calories. b. 50 calories. c. 80 calories. d. none of these

65. When monochromatic light shines through two closely spaced narrow slits and onto a screen some distance away, the pattern on the screen has a. no light in it. b. two large bright spots. c. alternating dark and light bands. d. one large bright spot. e. none of the above

66) An astronaut on another planet drops a 1-kg rock from rest and finds that it falls a vertical distance of 2.5 meters in one second. On this planet, the rock has a weight of A) 1 N. B) 2 N. C) 3 N. D) 4 N. E) 5 N.

66) What condition must exist between two points in a conductor in order to maintain a flow of charge A) a steady magnetic field. B) a high resistance. C)a switch connected in series. D) All of the above choices are correct. E) None of the above choices are correct.

both of these

68) Angular momentum is conserved for a satellite in A) circular orbit. B) elliptical orbit. C) both of these D) neither of these

68) Rainbows exist because light is A) reflected. B) refracted. C) both of these D) neither of these

68) The human body can, under certain conditions, withstand an acceleration of 10 g. What net force would produce this acceleration of a 50-kg person? A) About 500 N. B) About 2500 N. C) About 5000 N. D) About 25,000 N. E) none of these.

68. When gasoline drips on a wet street, you can see a beautiful spectrum of colors. This phenomenon is called a. iridescence. b. refraction. c. diffraction. d. construction. e. incoherence.

69) If an object of constant mass experiences a constant net force, it will have a constant A) velocity. B) speed. C) acceleration. D) position. E) more than one of the above.

above the fulcrum

7) A baseball bat is balanced on a fulcrum. The center of gravity of the bat is located A) closer to the handgrip. B) above the fulcrum. C) near the heavy end.

more than 1/4

7) A block of wood half as dense as water floats with half its volume above water. A piece of iron is then tied on top so the wood floats with only 1/4 its volume above the surface. If the wood and iron are turned over so that the iron is submerged beneath the wood, then the volume of wood above the water surface will be A) the same, 1/4. B) less than 1/4. C) more than 1/4. D) there's no way to say.

good emitter of radiation

7) A good absorber of radiation is a A) poor emitter of radiation. B) good reflector. C) good emitter of radiation. D) none of these.

poor absorber of radiation

7) A good reflector of radiation is A) poor absorber of radiation. B) good emitter of radiation. C) good absorber of radiation. D) none of these.

7) A person is attracted toward the center of the Earth by a 500-N gravitational force. The force of attraction of the Earth toward the person is A) very very small. B) very very large. C) 500 N.

becomes larger as it rises

7. A bubble of air released from the bottom of a lake A. rises to the top at constant volume. B. becomes smaller as it rises. C. becomes larger as it rises. D. alternately expands and contracts as it rises. E. none of these.

coin

7. A coin and a ring roll down an incline starting at the same time. The one to reach the bottom first will be the A) ring. B) coin. C) Both reach the bottom at the same time.

removes heat from inside the refrigerator

7. A refrigerator a. produces cold. b. causes heat to disappear c. removes heat from inside the refrigerator d. changes heat into cold.

moving

7. An object that has kinetic energy must be A) moving. B) falling. C) at an elevated position. D) at rest. E) none of these

atmosphere

7. Earth satellites are typically more than 100 km high so as to be above the Earthʹs A) atmosphere. B) gravitational field. C) both of these

increase

7. If the radius of the Earth somehow decreased with no change in mass, your weight would A) increase. B) not change. C) decrease.

7. Like kinds of magnetic poles repel while unlike kinds of magnetic poles A. attract. B. repel also. C. may attract or repel.

7. Refraction is caused by a. different wave speeds. b. more than one reflection. c. displaced images. d. bending.

7. Surrounding every moving electron is a. a magnetic field. b. an electric field. c. both of these d. none of these

7. The shortest plane mirror in which you can see your entire image is a. half your height. b. about 3/4 your height. c. about 1/3 your height. d. equal to your height. e. dependent on your distance from the mirror.

7. To say that electric charge is conserved is to say that electric charge A. may occur in an infinite variety of quantities. B. is a whole number multiple of the charge of one electron. C. will interact with neighboring electric charges. D. can be neither created nor destroyed.

Slowing down from 100 km/h to 70 km/h

7. Which requires the most amount of work on the brakes of a car? a. Slowing down from 100 km/h to 70 km/h b. Slowing down from 70 km/h to a stop c. Equal amount for either.

70) Different colors of light travel at different speeds in a transparent medium. In a vacuum, different colors of light travel at A) different speeds. B) the same speed. C) light travels at the same speed everywhere.

70) If more horizontal force is applied to a sliding object than is needed to maintain a constant velocity, A) the object accelerates in the direction of the applied force. B) the object accelerates opposite the direction of the applied force. C) the friction force increases. D) two of the above. E) none of the above.

70. Coherent light is many different rays of light all having the same a. frequency. b. wavelength. c. phase. d. direction. e. all of the above

71) If less horizontal force is applied to a sliding object than is needed to maintain a constant velocity, A) the object accelerates in the direction of the applied force. B) the friction force increases. C) the object eventually slides to a stop. D) none of the above.

71) When white light goes from air into water, the color that refracts the most is A) red. B) orange. C) green. D) violet. E) All refract the same amount.

71. For most magnetic materials, electron _________ is the main contributor to magnetism. a. electron spin b. electron orbital motion c. proton spin d. proton orbital motion

72) Two factors that greatly affect air resistance on falling objects are the A) size and mass of the object. B) size and weight of the object. C) size and speed of the object.

72. Holograms exist because of a. diffraction. b. interference. c. both A and B d. none of the above

72. Is it correct to say that every electron spinning on its axis is a tiny magnet? a. yes b. no

73. Magnification can be accomplished with a hologram if it is viewed with light that has a a. shorter wavelength than the original light. b. longer wavelength than the original light. c. neither of the above.

73. Why are most materials not magnetic? a. they do not conduct electricity b. they conduct electricity c. they are not metals d. the magnetic fields produced by the electron spin is canceled e. they are insulators, meaning that electrons are not free to move around in the atomic lattice

74) Two objects of the same size, but unequal weights are dropped from a tall tower. Taking air resistance into consideration, the object to hit the ground first will be the A) lighter object. B) heavier object. C) both hit at the same time. D) not enough information.

74. In rare earth magnets, such as gadolinium or neodymium what is the main contributor to the magnetic field? a. electron spin b. electron orbital motion c. proton spin d. proton orbital motion

75) A light woman and a heavy man jump from an airplane at the same time and open their same-size parachutes at the same time. Which person will get to a state of zero acceleration first? A) the light woman B) the heavy man C) both should at the same time D) not enough information

75) Objects infinitely far away are focused by a converging lens A) in front of the focal point. B) at the focal point. C) beyond the focal point.

75. Monochromatic light refers to light that is a. red. b. white. c. one color. d. a chrome color. e. all of the above

75. Which is not a material that is commonly used to make a magnet? a. iron b. cobalt c. nickel d. copper

77) A skydiver, who weighs 500 N, reaches terminal velocity of 90 km/h. The air resistance on the diver is then A) 90 N. B) 250 N. C) 410 N. D) 500 N. E) none of these.

77. What do you call a group of about a billion or so iron atoms that have their magnetic orientation coordinated? a. magnetic field b. magnetic domain c. magnetic flux d. Faraday

77. What is the critical angle for light in glass that is meeting an air surface? a. 42° b. 48° c. 50° d. 90°

78) A sack of potatoes weighing 200 N falls from an airplane. As the velocity of fall increases, air resistance also increases. When air resistance equals 200 N, the sack's acceleration in meters per second per second is A) 0. B) 4.9. C) 9.8. D) infinite. E) none of these.

78) If you wish to hit a fish with laser beam, you should compensate for refraction between the air and water by aiming your laser A) directly at the sighted fish. B) above the sighted fish. C) below the sighted fish.

78. If a ray of light strikes a pane of glass at 45° to the normal, it a. passes straight through as if the glass were not there. b. leaves the glass at a smaller angle to the normal. c. leaves the glass at a larger angle to the normal. d. leaves with the same angle to the normal, but is deflected to the side.

78. If you had a billion iron atoms grouped together, could you see it without magnification? a. yes b. no

79) An elephant and a feather fall from a tree through the air to the ground below. The amount of air-resistance force is greater on the A) elephant. B) feather. C) is the same on each.

79. All pieces of iron have magnetic domains, why are most iron nails not magnetic? a. they cannot conduct electricity b. their domains are all oriented with respect to magnetic poles c. their domains are randomly oriented, canceling out most magnetic forces d. their atoms contain 4 electrons that spin magnetism is un-cancelled

8 . Magnetism is due to the motion of electrons as they a. move around the nucleus. b. spin on their axes. c. both of these d. none of these

8) A hockey puck is set in motion across a frozen pond. If ice friction and air resistance are neglected, the force required to keep the puck sliding at constant velocity is A) zero newtons. B) equal to the weight of the puck. C) the weight of the puck divided by the mass of the puck. D) the mass of the puck multiplied by 9.8 meters per second per second. E) none of these.

areas

8) A hydraulic arrangement consists of a water filled U-tube that is wider at one end than at the other. Pistons are fitted in both ends. The ratio of output force to input force will be equal to the ratio of the output and input piston A) areas. B) diameters. C) radii. D) all of these. E) none of these.

8) A karate chop delivers a blow of 3000 N to a board that breaks. The force that acts on the hand during this event is actually A) less than 3000 N. B) 3000 N. C) more than 3000 N. D) ...there is really no way to say for sure.

minimum amplitude

8) A node is a position of A) minimum amplitude. B) maximum amplitude.

8) According to Newton's law of inertia, the result of walking much of the day is similar to tightening the head of a hammer when its handle hits a solid surface so that we are actually a little bit shorter in the A) morning. B) evening. C) no difference, really.

liquid pressure

8) An aneroid barometer is an instrument used to measure __________. A) liquid pressure B) atmospheric pressure C) well pressure

hydrogen

8) In a mixture of hydrogen gas, oxygen gas, and nitrogen gas, the molecules with the greatest average speed are those of A) hydrogen. B) oxygen. C) nitrogen. D) All will have the same average speed at the same temperature.

8) Several paper clips dangle from the north pole of a magnet. The induced pole in the bottom of the lowermost paper clip is a A) north pole. B) south pole. C) north or south pole - no difference really.

8) Stretch a copper wire so that it is thinner and the resistance between its ends A) decreases. B) remains unchanged. C) increases.

off altogether

8) Suppose you want to save energy and you're going to leave your cool house for an hour on a hot day. You should turn the temperature setting on the air conditioner A) up a little. B) off altogether. C) down a little. D) to room temperature.

down

8) Suppose you want to save energy and you're going to leave your warm house for one hour on a cold day. You should turn the thermostat A) to room temperature. B) up. C) down.

8) Systems that are left alone, tend to move toward a state of A) less entropy. B) more entropy. C) no entropy.

all of these

8) The Doppler effect is characteristic of A) water waves. B) sound waves. C) light waves. D) all of these. E) none of these.

at the center of the disk

8) The center of gravity of a circular disk of sheet metal is A) at the center of the disk. B) midway between the center and the outside. C) two-thirds of the way between the center and the outside. D) impossible to predict without knowing the metal density.

True

8) The reason objects immersed in a fluid experience an upward buoyant force is because fluid pressure on the bottom of the object is greater than fluid pressure on the top of the object. A) False B) True

upward pressure against the bottom is greater than downward pressure against the top of the submerged object.

8) The reason that buoyant force acts upward on a submerged object is that A) it acts in a direction to oppose gravity. B) if it acted downward, nothing would float. C) the weight of fluid displaced reacts with an upward force. D) upward pressure against the bottom is greater than downward pressure against the top of the submerged object.

upward pressure against the bottom is greater than downward pressure against the top of the submerged object

8) The reason that buoyant force acts upward on a submerged object is that a. it acts in a direction to oppose gravity. b. if it acted downward, nothing would float. c. the weight of fluid displaced reacts with an upward force. d. upward pressure against the bottom is greater than downward pressure against the top of the submerged object.

8) The unit of electric charge, the coulomb, is the charge on A) one electron. B) a specific large number of electrons.

neither of these

8) To change mercury into gold, a pair of protons must be A) removed from the mercury nucleus. B) added to the mercury nucleus. C) both of these. D) neither of these.

Molecules are the smallest subdivision of matter that still retains chemical properties of a substance

8) Which of these statements is true? A) A molecule is the smallest particle that exists. B) Chemical elements are made up of about 100 distinct molecules. C) Molecules form atoms that in turn determine chemical properties of a substance. D) Molecules are the smallest subdivision of matter that still retains chemical properties of a substance. E) None of these statements is true.

it is not acted on by any horizontal forces

8. A projectile is fired horizontally in a region of no air resistance. The projectile maintains its horizontal component of velocity because A) it is not acted on by any forces. B) it is not acted on by any horizontal forces. C) it has no vertical component of velocity to begin with. D) the net force acting on it is zero. E) none of these

8. A yellow-white candle flame reflected from a piece of red glass shows two images; one from each surface. a. Both images are yellow-white. b. One image is yellow-white and the other red. c. Both images are red. d. Both images are reddish yellow.

location

8. An object may have potential energy because of its A) speed. B) acceleration. C) momentum. D) location. E) none of these

Kinetic energy

8. Compared to recoiling rifle, the bullet has a greater a. Momentum b. Kinetic energy c. Both of these d. None of these

decrease to one half your original weight

8. If the Earthʹs mass decreased to one-half its original mass with no change in radius, then your weight would A) decrease to one quarter your original weight. B) decrease to one half your original weight. C) stay the same. D) none of these

atmospheric pressure

8. In drinking soda or water through a straw, we make use of A. capillary action. B. surface tension. C. atmospheric pressure. D. Bernoulli's principle. E. none of these.

8. Several paper clips dangle from the north pole of a magnet. The induced pole in the bottom of the lowermost paper clip is a A. north pole. B. south pole. C. north or south pole - no difference really.

low specific heat

8. The fact that desert sand is very hot in the day and very cold at night is evidence that sand has a a. low specific heat b. high specific heat

straight

8. The rotational inertia of your leg is greater when your leg is A) straight. B) bent. C) same either way

80) If you wish to send a beam of laser light to a space station that is just above the atmosphere near the horizon, you should aim your laser A) above your line of sight. B) below your line of sight. C) along your line of sight.

80) When an object falls through the air, its velocity increases and its acceleration A) increases. B) decreases. C) remains the same whether in air or in vacuum.

80. When you bring a powerful magnet near an unmagnetized iron nail, what happens to the iron nail? a. it conducts the magnetic field, similar to electricity in a copper wire b. the magnetic domains in the nail align and the nail itself becomes a magnet c. the magnetic domains of the magnet are pulled out of alignment, causing the nail to heat up\ d. nothing, there is no real change in the nail

81) A skydiver jumps from a high-flying plane. As her velocity of fall increases, her acceleration A) increases. B) decreases. C) remains unchanged regardless of air resistance.

81. What causes the temporary magnetism of a common iron nail to go away when the magnetizing force is removed? a. ordinary thermal motion b. it never was a magnet c. vibrations set off by the aligning domains, they can be heard with a amplified stethoscope d. magic e. the polar nature of the water molecule causes charges to leak off into the atmosphere

81. You are standing at the edge of a swimming pool filled with water looking at a logo painted on the bottom. The logo appears to be a. closer to you than it actually is. b. further from you than it actually is. c. the same distance away as it actually is.

82) A skydiver steps from a helicopter and falls for 5 seconds before reaching her terminal velocity. During this 5-second interval, her acceleration A) is constant. B) increases. C) decreases. D) is zero. E) none of these.

82. If a proton is moving through a vacuum at 1000 mph, is there a magnetic field being produced? a. yes b. no c. only if the paired neutron is stationary d. only if the paired electron is stationary e. only if the paired electron is moving with the proton

82. The critical angle for total internal reflection at an air-water interface is approximately 48°. In which of the following situations will total internal reflection occur? a. light incident in water at 40° b. light incident in water at 55° c. light incident in air at 40° d. light incident in air at 55°

83) A 500-N parachutist opens his chute and experiences an air resistance force of 800 N. The net force on the parachutist is A) 300 N downward. B) 500 N downward. C) 800 N downward. D) 300 N upward. E) 500 N upward.

83. The telephone companies are proposing using "light pipes" to carry telephone signals between various locations. The light is contained inside these pipes a. because they are coated with silver. b. as long as they are straight. c. by total internal reflection if the curves are not too sharp. d. because laser light does not travel well through air.

83. Would a moving neutron produce a magnetic field? a. yes b. no

84) A ball is thrown vertically into the air. Because of air resistance, its speed when it returns to its starting level compared to its initial speed is A) less. B) the same. C) more.

84. Does a moving electron produce a magnetic field? a. yes b. no c. depends

84. If you were going to send a beam of light to the moon when it is just above the horizon, you would aim a. high b. low c. directly at the moon.

85) A pair of tennis balls fall through the air from a tall building. One ball is regular and the other is filled with lead pellets. The ball to reach the ground first is the A) regular ball. B) lead-filled ball. C) same for both.

85. A current of charges produces what? a. an amp b. a beam of light c. a magnetic field d. electricity e. ohms

85. Assume that the following colors of light pass through a prism. Which color ray is bent the most? a. red b. blue c. green d. yellow

86) A pair of tennis balls fall through the air from a tall building. One ball is regular and the other is filled with lead pellets. Air resistance just before they hit is actually greater for the A) regular ball. B) lead-filled ball. C) same for both.

86) When a pulse of white light is incident on a piece of glass, strictly speaking,the first color to emerge is A) red. B) orange. C) green. D) violet. E) They all emerge at the same time.

86. What happens to the magnetic field intensity if the current carrying wire has three times as many loops, and the same amount of current? a. it is 1/3 as strong b. it is nine times stronger c. it is three times stronger d. it doesn't change e. it is 1/9 as strong

87) A ball is thrown vertically into the air. Because of air resistance, its time coming down compared to its time going up is A) less. B) the same. C) more.

87. Rainbows are due to a. reflection from the surface of raindrops. b. refraction and reflection by raindrops. c. refraction through raindrops. d. refraction and reflection by ice crystals.

88. What does a moving charged particle experience if it moves through a static magnetic field? a. nothing b. an acceleration in the current direction c. a deflection that is parallel to the magnetic field d. a deflection that is perpendicular to the current and parallel to the magnetic field e. a deflection that is perpendicular to both the magnetic field and the current

88. Where in the sky would you expect to see a rainbow in the evening? a. northern sky b. southern sky c. eastern sky d. western sky

89) A falling skydiver of mass 100 kg experiences 500 N air resistance. The acceleration of the skydiver is A) 0.2 g. B) 0.3 g. C) 0.4 g. D) 0.5 g. E) more than 0.5 g.

89. A beam of light crosses a boundary between two different media. Refraction can occur if a. the angle of incidence is O Degrees b. all of the light is refracted c. the media have different indices of refraction d. there is no change in the speed of the wave

89. What would be the deflecting force of a 10 amp current running parallel to the magnetic field? a. 10 N b. 100 N c. 1 N d. 0 N e. 1/10 N

becomes larger as it rises

9) A bubble of air released from the bottom of a lake A) becomes larger as it rises. B) rises to the top at constant volume. C) becomes smaller as it rises. D) alternately expands and contracts as it rises. E) none of these.

9) A capacitor is used to store A) charge. B) energy. C) both. D) neither.

the same and your tangential speed less

9) A carnival has a Ferris wheel where the seats are located halfway between the center and outside rim. If you were at the outside rim, your angular speed while riding on this Ferris wheel would be A) less and your tangential speed more. B) more and your tangential speed less. C) the same and your tangential speed less.

volume of fluid

9) A completely submerged object always displaces its own A) volume of fluid. B) weight of fluid. C) density of fluid. D) all of these E) none of these

volume of fluid

9) A completely submerged object always displaces its own a. volume of fluid. b. weight of fluid. c. density of fluid. d. all of these.

9) A diver shines light up to the surface of a smooth pond at a 10° angle to the normal. Some light passes into the air above, and the part that reflects back into the water makes an angle to the normal of A) 10°. B) more than 10°. C) less than 10°.

9) A main difference between gravitational and electric forces is that electrical forces A) attract. B) repel or attract. C) obey the inverse-square law. D) act over shorter distances. E) are weaker.

9) A wire carrying a current is normally charged A) negatively. B) positively. C) not at all.

a small metal box with a partial vacuum in it

9) An aneroid barometer works by using __________. A) an altimeter. B) a long column of mercury. C) a long column of water. D) a small metal box with a partial vacuum in it. E) none of the above

9) Arnold Strongman and Suzie Small each pull very hard on opposite ends of a massless rope in a tug-of-war. The greater force on the rope is exerted by A) Arnold, of course. B) Suzie, surprisingly. C) both the same, interestingly enough.

bigger

9) As a helium-filled balloon rises in the air, it becomes A) bigger. B) more dense. C) heavier. D) all of these E) none of these

9) Compared to radio waves, the velocity of visible light waves in a vacuum is A) less. B) more. C) the same.

goes up

9) For increased atmospheric pressure, the boiling temperature of a liquid A) goes down. B) remains at 100 degrees C. C) goes up.

9) How many protons should be added to the nuclei of oxygen atoms so the resulting gas will glow red when there is an electric current through it? A) 1. B) 2. C) 3. D) 4. E) ...but protons will have to be subtracted, not added.

9) If an object falling freely downward were somehow equipped with a speedometer on a planet where the acceleration due to gravity is 40 meters per second per second, then its speed reading would increase each second by A) 10 m/s. B) 20 m/s. C) 30 m/s. D) 40 m/s. E) depends on its initial speed.

a lower temperature than at sea level

9) In the mountains, water in an open pot boils at A) a higher temperature than at sea level. B) the same temperature as at sea level. C) a lower temperature than at sea level.

9) Radio waves travel at the speed of light, 300,000 km/s. The wavelength of a radio wave received at 100 megahertz is A) 0.3 m. B) 3.0 m. C) 30 m. D) 300 m. E) none of these

9) Strange as it may seem, it is just as hard to accelerate a car on the moon as it is to accelerate the same car on Earth. This is because A) the mass of the car is independent of gravity. B) the weight of the car is independent of gravity. C) ...Nonsense! A car is much more easily accelerated on the moon than on the Earth.

you and the jacket together have density less than your density alone

9) The reason a life jacket helps you float is that __________. A) the jacket has the same density as an average human B) the jacket repels water C) the jacket makes you weigh less D) you and the jacket together have density less than your density alone.

larger

9) When an iron ring is heated, the hole becomes A) smaller. B) larger. C) neither smaller nor larger. D) either smaller or larger, depending on the ring thickness.

9) When light reflects from a surface, there is a change in its A) frequency. B) wavelength. C) speed. D) all of these E) none of these

ice water

9) Which of the following contracts most when the temperature is increased? Equal volumes of A) wood. B) iron. C) helium. D) ice water. E) None of these contract when heated.

There are only about 100 different kinds of atoms that combine to form all substances

9) Which of the following statements is true? A) An atom is the smallest particle known to exist. B) There are only about 100 different kinds of atoms that combine to form all substances. C) There are thousands of different kinds of atoms that account for a wide variety of substances. D) A large atom can be photographed with the aid of an ordinary microscope. E) None of these statements are true.

the iron would have the higher temperature

9. A piece of iron and a cup of water both have the same temperature. If they are heated so the thermal energy of each doubles a. he water will have the higher temperature b. the iron would have the higher temperature c. both will have the same temperature d. not enough information given to say

rotation

9. A torque acting on an object tends to produce A) equilibrium. B) rotation. C) linear motion. D) velocity. E) a center of gravity.

9. An iron nail is more strongly attracted to the A. north pole of a magnet. B. south pole of a magnet. C. north or south pole - no difference really.

Increase

9. If the radius of Earth somehow decreased with no change in mass, your weight would a. Increase b. Not change c. Decrease d. Not enough information

both of these

9. If the sun were twice as massive A) its pull on the Earth would double. B) the pull of the Earth on the sun would double. C) both of these D) neither of these

all of these

9. The air in this room has A. mass. B. weight. C. energy. D. all of these. E. none of these.

decreased

9. When bullets are fired from an airplane in the forward direction, the momentum of the airplane will be A) decreased. B) unchanged. C) increased.

9. When you look at yourself in a pocket mirror, and then hold the mirror farther away, you see a. more of yourself. b. less of yourself. c. the same amount of yourself.

9. You can hear noises a long distance away over water at night because a. of lowered temperature. b. water conducts sound better at night. c. sound is reflected off water more efficiently at night. d. of refraction of sound in air.

90) An astronaut on another planet drops a 1-kg rock from rest. The astronaut notices that the rock falls 2 meters straight down in one second. On this planet, how much does the rock weigh? A) 1 N B) 4 N C) 4.9 N D) 5 N

90. In which substance does light travel the slowest? a. crown glass b. water c. air d. diamond

90. What do you call a device that is used to measure current in a wire? a. galvanometer b. electroscope c. current meter d. cathode ray tube (CRT)

91) A feather and a coin will have equal accelerations when falling in a vacuum because A) their velocities are the same. B) the force of gravity is the same for each in a vacuum. C) the force of gravity does not act in a vacuum. D) the ratio of each object's weight to its mass is the same. E) none of these.

91. If a galvanometer is calibrated to measure current, what is it called? a. voltmeter b. current-meter c. ammeter d. ampmeter e. amperage

91. The speed of light in glycerol is approximately a. 2.0 x 10**8 m/s b. 1.0 x 10**7 m/s c. 4.4 x 10**8 m/s d. 3.0 x 10**8 m

92) A skydiver's terminal velocity will be greatest if she falls A) head first. B) lying flat on her back. C) lying flat on her stomach. D) with her parachute open.

95. What happens when a wire is moved close to a magnet? a. current is induced b. voltage is induced c. nothing d. everything

97. According to the above law, what would happen if the number of coils were doubled and the rate of magnetic field changes tripled? a. 2 times as much voltage b. 3 times as much voltage c. 6 times as much voltage d. 2/3 times as much voltage e. 3/2 times as much voltage

98. How does the voltage induced upon two equal coils, one made of copper and one made of rubber, differ? a. voltage in copper much greater b. voltage in rubber much greater c. voltage is the same d. no voltage at all in rubber

A 1-kg glider and a 2-kg glider both slide toward each other at 1 m/s on an air track. They collide and stick. The combined mass moves at A) 0 m/s.B) 1/2 m/s. C) 1/3 m/s. D) 1/6 m/s. E) 1.5 m/s.

A 4 kg ball has a momentum of 12 kg m/s. What is the ball's speed? A) 3 m/s B) 4 m/s C) 12 m/s D) 48 m/s E) none of these

A 5-kg fish swimming at a speed of 1 m/s swallows an absent-minded 1-kg fish at rest. The speed of the larger fish after this lunch is A) 1/2 m/s. B) 2/5 m/s. C) 5/6 m/s.D) 6/5 m/s. E) 1 m/s.

A 5-kg shark swimming at a speed of 1 m/s swallows an absent-minded 1-kg fish swimming toward it at 4 m/s. The speed of the shark after this meal is A) 1/2 m/s. B) 1/5 m/s. C) 1/6 m/s.D) 2/3 m/s.E) 3/2 m/s.

A 5000-kg freight car moving at 2 m/s runs into a 10,000-kg freight car at rest. They couple upon collision and move away as one body at A) 2 m/s. B) 1 m/s. C) 2/3 m/s. D) 1/3 m/s.

A ball is moving at 3 m/s and has a momentum of 48 kg m/s. What is the ball's mass?A) 4 kg B) 12 kg C) 16 kgD) 144 kg E) none of these

simply the remains of a giant star that has undergone gravitational collapse

A black hole is A) an empty region of space with a huge gravitational field. B) a small region that contains the mass of many galaxies.C) simply the remains of a giant star that has undergone gravitational collapse.

A bullet is fired from a gun. The speed of the bullet will be about the same as the speed of the recoiling gunA) because momentum is conserved. B) because velocity is conserved.C) because both velocity and momentum are conserved.D) if the mass of the bullet equals the mass of the gun.E) none of these

A car traveling along the highway needs a certain amount of force exerted on it to stop it in a certain distance. More stopping force is required when the car has A) more mass. B) more momentum.C) less stopping distance.D) all of theseE) none of these

directed towards the center of the curve

A car travels in a circle with constant speed. The net force on the car is A) directed forward, in the direction of travel. B) directed towards the center of the curve. C) zero because the car is not accelerating. D) none of these

A large heavy truck and a small baby carriage roll down a hill. Neglecting friction, at the bottom of the hill, the baby carriage will have a greater A) speed.B) acceleration. C) momentum. D) all of these E) none of these

A large metal ball is shot from a cannon with a short barrel. If the same ball were to be shot from cannon with a longer barrel, its muzzle velocity would be A) less. B) more. C) the same. D) impossible to determine without additional information.

at the outside of the record

A phonograph record player has constant rotational speed. The speed of the record surface relative to the pickup needle is greatest A) at the inside of the record. B) at the outside of the record. C) everywhere, because it has the same speed anywhere on the record.

A piece of putty moving with 1 unit of momentum strikes and sticks to a heavy bowling ball that is initially at rest. After the putty sticks to the ball, both move with a combined momentum ofA) less than 1 unit.B) more than 1 unit. C) 1 unit. D) not enough information

A rifle of mass 2 kg is suspended by strings. The rifle fires a bullet of mass 0.01 kg at a speed of 200 m/s. The recoil velocity of the rifle is about A) 0.001 m/s.B) 0.01 m/s. C) 0.1 m/s. D) 1 m/s. E) none of these

A rifle recoils while firing a bullet. The speed of the rifle's recoil is small because the A) force against the rifle is smaller than against the bullet.B) momentum is mainly concentrated in the bullet. C) rifle has much more mass than the bullet. D) momentum of the rifle is smaller.

buy at a high altitude and sell at a low altitude

A supplier wants to make a profit by buying metal by weight at one altitude and selling it at the same price per pound at another altitude. The supplier should A) buy at a high altitude and sell at a low altitude. B) buy at a low altitude and sell at a high altitude. C) disregard altitude because it makes no difference.

Evaporation is a cooling process and condensation is __________. A) a warming process. B) neither a warming nor a cooling process. C) a cooling process also.

How much energy is released when 1 gram of steam condenses to water at 100 degrees C? A) 50 calories B) 540 calories C) 80 calories D) 1 calorie E) 100 calories

increase also

If the mass of the Earth somehow increased with no change in radius, your weight would A) increase also. B) decrease. C) stay the same.

increase

If the radius of the Earth somehow decreased with no change in mass, your weight would A) increase. B) not change. C) decrease.

the same

If the sun collapsed to a black hole, the Earth's gravitational attraction to it would be A) more. B) less. C) the same.

not change

If the sun somehow became twice as massive, your weight as normally measured here on earth would A) double. B) quadruple. C) not change.

both of these

If the sun were twice as massive A) its pull on the Earth would double. B) the pull of the Earth on the sun would double.C) both of these D) neither of these

In order to catch a ball, a baseball player extends the hand forward before impact with the ball and then lets it ride backward in the direction of the ball's motion .. Doing this reduces the force of impact on the player's hand principally because the A) force of impact is reduced.B) relative velocity is less. C) time of impact is increased.D) time of impact is decreased.E) none of these

almost as much as the shuttle's weight on the Earth's surface

The amount of gravitational force that acts on the space shuttle while in orbit is A) nearly zero. B) almost as much as the shuttle's weight on the Earth's surface. C) the same as the shuttle's weight on the Earth's surface.

The difference between impulse and impact force involves the A) distance the force acts. B) time the force acts.C) difference between acceleration and velocity.D) mass and its effect on resisting a change in momentum.

in the same direction as the gravitational attraction

The direction of a gravitational field is A) in the same direction as the gravitational attraction. B) away from the center of gravity of an object. C) opposite to the direction of gravitational attraction.

The force on an apple hitting the ground depends upon A) the speed of the apple just before it hits.B) the time of impact with the ground. C) whether or not the apple bounces. D) all of these

The force that accelerates a rocket in outer space is exerted on the rocket by the A) rocket's nose cone. B) rocket's wings. C) atmospheric pressure.D) exhaust gases. E) none of these

The gravitational field best suited for humans living in an outer space colony is A) zero. B) g. C) one-quarter g. D) one-half g. E) three-quarters g.

The greater the difference in temperature between the input reservoir and output reservoir for a heat engine, the __________. A) greater the efficiency. B) less the efficiency. C) neither -- efficiency doesn't depend on temperature difference.

The greater the difference in temperature between the input reservoir and the output reservoir for a heat engine, the A) greater the efficiency. B) less the efficiency. C) neither, efficiency doesn't depend on temperature difference.

The induced voltage in a coil is proportional to the number of loops, multiplied by the rate at which the magnetic field changes within those loops. 96. Whose law is written above? a. Einstein's special theory of relativity b. Ampere's Law c. Electromagnetic Induction Law d. Faraday's Law e. Henry's Law

The lowest possible temperature in nature is __________. A) 4 K. B) -273 degrees C. C) 0 degrees C.

The lowest temperature possible in nature is A) 0 degrees C. B) -273 degrees C. C) 4 K. D) none of these.

is greater on oceans closer to the moon and less on oceans farther from the moon

The main reason ocean tides exist is that the pull of the moon A) and sun are in conjunction at high tides and in opposition at low tides. B) is greater on oceans closer to the moon and less on oceans farther from the moon. C) is greater on the Earth because the moon is closer to Earth. D) and the sun on the oceans are in opposite directions. E) none of these

Jupiter's radius is 10 times the Earth's radius

The planet Jupiter is about 300 times as massive as Earth, yet on its surface you would weigh only about 3 times as much. This is because A) your mass is 100 times less on Jupiter. B) Jupiter is significantly farther from the sun. C) Jupiter's radius is 10 times the Earth's radius. D) you are 100 times more weightless there. E) none of these

False

The process of changing from a liquid to a gas is condensation.

moon has a sufficient tangential speed

The reason the moon does not crash into the Earth is that the A) Earth's gravitational field is weak at the moon. B) gravitational pull of other planets keeps the moon up. C) moon has a sufficient tangential speed. D) moon has less mass than the Earth. E) none of these

False

The three common phases of matter are mass, density, and volume.

Two identical gliders slide toward each other on an air track. One moves at 1 m/s and the other at 2 m/s. They collide and stick. The combined mass moves at A) 1/2 m/s. B) 1/3 m/s. C) 1/6 m/s.D) 3/4 m/s. E) 1.5 m/s.

Two objects have the same size and shape, but one is much heavier than the other. When they are dropped simultaneously from a tower, they reach the ground at the same time, but the heavier one has a greater A) speed. B) acceleration. C) momentum. D) all of these E) none of these

increases

Two objects move toward each other because of gravity. As the objects get closer and closer, the acceleration of each A) increases. B) decreases.C) remains constant.

increases

Two objects move toward each other because of gravity. As the objects get closer and closer, the force between them A) increases.B) decreases.C) increases, then decreases.D) decreases, then increases. E) remains constant.

outside horse

Which moves faster in m/s on a merry-go-round: a horse on the inside or a horse on the outside near the outer rail? A) inside horse B) outside horse C) Both move at the same speed in m/s.

Which of the following has the largest momentum? A) a tightrope walker crossing Niagara Falls B) a pickup truck speeding along a highway C) a Mack truck parked in a parking lot D) the Science building on campus E) a dog running down the street

doubles

Your pet hamster sits on a record player whose angular speed is constant. If he moves to a point twice as far from the center, then his linear speed A) doubles. B) halves. C) remains the same.

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