Physics ch 15

Before ice can form on a lake, all the water in the lake must be cooled to

4°C.

When you touch a hot potato with your finger, energy flows

from the potato to your finger.

A substance that heats up relatively quickly has a

low specific heat capacity.

The fact that desert sand is very hot in the day and very cold at night is evidence that the specific heat capacity of sand is relatively

low.

A body of water will be deeper when its

temperature rises.

Heat energy travels from an object with a high

temperature to an object with a lower temperature.

A closed, sealed can of air placed on a hot stove. The contained air undergoes an increase in

temperature.

When ice crystals collapse at the surface of ice, the result is a

both of these.

In which is the temperature greater?

both the same

When you touch a cold piece of ice with your finger, energy flows

from your finger to the ice.

A substance that heats up relatively slowly has a

high specific heat capacity.

Consider a metal ring with a gap cut in it. When the ring is heated, the gap

becomes wider

Heat energy is measured in units of

both of these

Pour a liter of water at 40°C into a liter of water at 20°C and the final temperature of the two becomes

at or about 30°C.

When ice water at 0°C is heated

both occur until 4°C is reached

Ice crystals in nearly frozen liquid water make up a

both of these

Translational motion is characterized by

both of these

When a bimetallic bar made of copper and iron strips is heated, the bar bends toward the iron strip. The reason for this is

copper expands more than iron.

Aluminum has a specific heat capacity more than twice that of copper. Place equal masses of aluminum and copper wire in a flame and the one to undergo the fastest increase in temperature will be

copper.

Open spaces in ice crystals contribute to

decreased density

As a piece of metal with a hole in it cools, the diameter of the hole

decreases.

If the temperature of a sample of water at 0°C is slightly increased, its volume

decreases.

When the temperature of a solid block of ice is lowered, its volume

decreases.

It is important that the two metals that compose a bimetallic strip have

different rates of expansion

If you wish to expand the volume of a sample of water at 4°C

either of these

Consider some water at 6°C. For a slight increase its temperature the water will

expand.

When most substances are heated, molecules inside move faster and take up more space, resulting in thermal

expansion

Internal energy is greater in a

fire-engine pail of boiling-hot tea

In most cases, which expands more for comparable changes in temperature?

gases.

The fact that gasoline overflows a full tank on a hot day is evidence that

gasoline expands more with increasing temperature than its tank.

Which of the following expands more when the temperature is increased? Equal volumes of

helium

Which of the following contracts most when the temperature is decreased? Equal volumes of

helium.

The moderate temperatures of islands throughout the world has much to do with water's

high specific heat capacity.

Materials composed of molecules that absorb large amounts of energy in the form of internal vibrations and rotations have

high specific heats.

Which of these expands when the temperature is lowered?

ice water

If glass expanded more than mercury, then the column of mercury in a mercury thermometer would fall when the temperature

increases.

If the temperature of a sample of water at 4°C is slightly increased, its volume

increases.

If the temperature of a sample of water at 4°C is slightly lowered, its volume

increases.

Which of the following normally warms up fastest when heat is applied?

iron

Aluminum has a higher specific heat capacity than iron. This means that for equal masses of aluminum and iron, the metal that heats more quickly when the same amount of heat is applied is

iron.

Ice has a lower density than water because ice

is composed of open-structured crystals

Temperature is most closely related to molecular

kinetic energy.

When an iron ring is heated, the hole becomes

larger.

When we enlarge a photograph of an iron ring, the image of the hole becomes

larger.

Place a 1-kilogram block of iron at 40°C into 1 kilogram of water at 20°C and the final temperature of the two becomes

less than 30°C.

One of water's interesting thermal properties is that when heated it takes a relatively

long time in changing temperature.

If the specific heat capacity of water were lower than it is, a nice hot bath would be a

shorter experience

If the specific heat capacity of water were lower than it is, a watermelon in a picnic cooler would cool in a

shorter time.

When ice floats in water, a small part of it extends above the surface. Interestingly, the volume of ice that extends above the surface is equal to the volume of the

vast number of open spaces in all the hexagonal ice crystals.

During a very cold winter, water pipes sometimes burst due to

water expanding when freezing.

Microscopic slush in ice water tends to make water density

lower.

If the specific heat of water were lower than it is, ponds in the cold of winter would be

more likely to freeze.

Which unit represents the most energy?

Calorie

Which temperature scales have equal sized degrees?

Celsius and Kelvin

Which temperature scale has the smallest sized degrees?

Fahrenheit

Which of these is correct?

a piece of ice floats in water.

The air in your room is composed of molecules that have

a wide variety of speeds.

The quantity of heat that a substance can transfer relates to its

change in its temperature.

The white-hot sparks from a 4th-of-July-type sparkler that strike your skin transfer

little energy to you in spite of their high temperature.

When water at 4°C is heated it expands. If it is instead cooled it will

also expand.

Room temperature on the Kelvin scale is about

300 K.

The amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1°C is

4.19 joules.

When 10 grams of hot water cool by 1°C, the amount of heat given off is

41.9 joules

The temperature at the bottom of Lake Tahoe, high in the Sierra Nevada Mountains in California, at this moment is

4°C

A temperature difference of 10 Celsius degrees is also equal to a temperature difference of 10 on the

Kelvin scale.

If you measure the width of an outdoor barn with a steel tape on a very cold day, your measured width will be

a bit long.

If you measure the distance between two telephone poles with a steel tape on a very hot day, your measured distance will be

a bit short.

Compared to a giant iceberg, a hot cup of coffee has

a greater specific heat and more internal energy.

White-hot sparks from a 4th-of-July-type sparkler that strike your skin have relatively

all of the above

A substance that cools down faster than others has a

low specific heat capacity.

Due to the presence of ice crystals in nearly frozen liquid water, the density of water is

lower.

Pour two liters of water at 40°C into one liter of water at 20°C and the final temperature of the two becomes

more than 30°C

The specific heat capacity is highest for substances that absorb or release large quantities of heat for correspondingly

small temperature changes.

A substance with a high thermal inertia has a high

specific heat capacity.

Ice tends to form first at the

surface of bodies of water.

In terms of thermal expansion it is important that

the fillings in your teeth expand at the same rate as teeth.

Tomatoes have a higher specific heat capacity than dough. This means that when you bite into a hot pizza

the tomato sauce feels hotter than the dough.

The fact that a thermometer "takes its own temperature" illustrates

thermal equilibrium.

The kind of molecular motion that mostly relates to the temperature of a substance is

translational motion.