physics ka mc questions

Ultrasound waves, compared to audible sound waves, have: Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer: (Choice A)ALower frequencies and shorter wavelengths (Choice B)BLower frequencies and longer wavelengths (Choice C)CHigher frequencies and longer wavelengths (Choice D, Checked)DHigher frequencies and shorter wavelengths

D. higher frequencies and shorter wavelengths

what is the formula for centripetal force?

mv^2/r = qvB

work and power formula

work = force * distance power = work/time

What is the order of the following carbonyl compounds in decreasing wavenumber? I. butanoyl chloride II. ethyl butanoate III. pentanal IV. propanoic acid

1, 2 ,3 ,4

A patient is scheduled to receive an intravenous injection of medication that must be at least 109.3 kilopascals at the injection point before going into surgery. If the patient is lying on a bed 0.9 meters high, what is the minimum height above the ground that the nurse must suspend the bag to achieve that pressure at the injection point? (ρfluidfluid​start subscript, f, l, u, i, d, end subscript = 1020 kg/m³³start superscript, ³, end superscript)

1.7 m P=Px+pgh p=density of fluid

What is the minimum height hhh of a slope that must be constructed in order for a rider in the cart with a combined mass mmm = 80.0 kg to complete the loop with a radius rrr = 10.0 meters safely, assuming a frictionless trip?

25 meters W = change of K + change of U W = -ukNd

what is stp

273k and 1 atm of pressure known as stp

A kite enthusiast flies her kite on a particularly windy day. The kite string is pulled upward to make a 60° angle with respect to the ground. Using a tension meter, she finds that the kite is pulling with 30 N of force. What is the horizontal component of force produced by the kite? a. 60 N b. 15 N c. 30 N d. 180 N

30cos60=15N

A police car accelerates quickly to 60 meters per second in order to pursue a minivan that is recklessly speeding along the highway at 45 meters per second. How long will it take the police car to catch up if the minivan is 600 meters ahead of the police car at the beginning of the chase? Choose 1 answer: a. 10 seconds b. 15 seconds c. 40 seconds d. 50 seconds

40 s, d=vt x=45t x+600=60t

A 30 kilogram object is dropped into acetic acid, which has a specific gravity of 1.06. Once it is immersed in acetic acid, the object has an apparent weight of 240 N. What is the object's specific gravity? a. 0.17 b. 5.3 c. 8.5 d. 1.3

5.3 60/300 = 1.06/x Fb/Wo = Paceticacid/Pobject

The threshold of hearing is 10−12−12start superscript, minus, 12, end superscript watts/m22squared. What is the sound intensity in decibels for a sound source emitting 10−6−6start superscript, minus, 6, end superscript watts/m22squared?

60 dB 10log(W)

A 60 kg circus performer is suspended by four 50 foot wires high above an anxious crowd. The wires are all at an angle of θ between the ceiling and the performer. Which of the following describes the vertical component of force acting upon a single wire? a. 147 n b. (15)(9.8)sin c. (60)(9.8)sin d. 588 n

60*9.8*1/4... 147

An elevator with a passenger accelerates upwards from rest at a value of 3 m/s^2. what ist he normal force of the elevator on the passenger if the passenger has a mass of 50 kg? a. 500 n b. 350 n c. 150 n d. 650 n

650 n Fn = mg + ma

Problem Jenny and her friend Elaine are attending a rock concert. Elaine had special tickets to the VIP area and is standing 10 m from the stage. Using her portable equipment, she determines that the noise in her section is 100 decibels. Jenny had cheaper tickets and is standing 100 m away. How loud is it where Jenny is standing? Assume that both girls are far enough back that the concert can be approximated as a point source. Choose 1 answer: A. 80 B. 95 C. 90 D. 10

80 deciblers intensity A/ intensity B = (db/da)^2

Which of the following statements most accurately describes the characteristics of the transition metals? Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer:(Choice A)AThe transition metals have little variability in their ionization energies and electronegativities due to their similar valence electron shells.(Choice B)BTransition metals are characterized by the formation of many diamagnetic compounds due to the presence of unpaired ddd electrons. (Choice C)CTransition metals are characterized by many oxidation states due to the high reactivity of the unpaired dddelectrons.(Choice D)DOne difference between transition metals and main group metals is the latter's ability to form coordination complexes.

A.

Which of the following statements is true about diamagnetic materials? Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer: (Choice A)ADiamagnetism is a property that appears in all materials, but in paramagnetic and ferromagnetic substances, the diamagnetic effect is overwhelmed by some other form of magnetism. (Choice B)BDiamagnetic materials form internal, induced magnetic field in the same direction as that of an external magnetic field, while paramagnetic materials form a field opposite that of the external field. (Choice C)CA compound with twelve diamagnetic electrons and one paramagnetic electron is strongly diamagnetic and only weakly paramagnetic. (Choice D, Checked)DDiamagnetic materials such as the transition metal gadolinium are particularly useful as a contrasting agent in diagnostic procedures such as MRI.

A. Diagmagnetism is a property that appears in all materials, but in paramagnetic and ferromagnetic substances, the diamagnetic effect is overwhelmed by some other form of magnetism Diamagnetic materialsc reate an induced magnetic field in a direction opposite to an externally applied magnetic field due to paired electrons. a substance is called a diamagnet when diamagnetism is the only contribution to the magnetism

Which of the following is the electronic structure of Fe2+? Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer: (Choice A, Checked, Correct(SELECTED)[Ar]4s1 3d5 (Choice B, Incorrect)INCORRECT[Ar]4s1 3d7 (Choice C, Incorrect)INCORRECT[Ar]4s2 3d4 (Choice D, Incorrect)INCORRECT[Ar]4s2 3d6

A. [Ar] 4s1 3d5 you would expect for the Fe2+ to yield [Ar] 4s23d4 but Fe2+ would have a lower - more favorable - energy if the 3d shell is half-filled with 5 electrons, so it will take on the [Ar]4s13d5 configuration 9like chormium).

Problem An electrolytic cell has three main components, an electrolyte and two electrodes (an anode and a cathode) and the electrolyte can come in two forms, either as molten or in an aqueous solution. Which of the following statements accurately describes an electrolytic cell? Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer: (Choice A)AFor aqueous solutions of the electrolyte, a gas may be produced at the anode. (Choice B)BPolyatomic ions, which are the anions of the electrolyte, are typically more easily oxidized than water. (Choice C)CAlkali or alkaline earth metals, which are the cations of the electrolyte, do not get oxidized in an aqueous solution since water is more easily oxidized. (Choice D)DIn both molten or aqueous forms, the cation will be reduced and the anion will be oxidized.

A. for aqueous solutions of the electrolyte, a gas may be produced at the anode

Which of the following statements most accurately describes the characteristics of 11start superscript, start text, 1, end text, end superscriptH-NMR spectroscopy? Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer: (Choice A)ALabile protons such as -OH and -NH have no characteristic chemical shift.(Choice B)BFor a spin ½ nuclei, there are two possible energy levels: the lower occupied by spins aligned against and the higher occupied by those aligned with the magnetic field. (Choice C)CDeshielded nuclei resonate at lower δ values, while shielded nuclei resonate at higher δ values. (Choice D)DThe energy needed to flip spin energy states of the nuclei correspond to energies in the microwave region.

A. labile protons such as -OH and -NH have no characteristic chemical shift

All of the following are properties of ideal gases except: Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer:(Choice A)ASmall amounts of energy are lost during collisions between gas molecules (Choice B, Checked)BVolume occupied by molecules is negligible compared to the volume occupied by the gas (Choice C)CGas molecules do not interact with each other except during collisions (Choice D)DCollisions between gas molecules are completely elastic

A. small amounts of energy are lost during collisions between gas molecules

which of the following statements accurately describes the difference between galvanic and electrolytic cells? a. the anode is the negative terminal for a galvanic cell because the anode is the source of the electrons where oxidation occurs b. the flow of electrons goes from the anode to cathode in galvanic cells c. oxidation occurs at teh negative terinal and reduction occurs at the positive terminal for an electrolytic cell d. electrolytic cells have a positive EMF and a postive delta G such that it requires an external battery source to drive electrons

A. the anode is thenegative terminal for a galvanic cell because the anode is the source of the electrons where oxidation occurs For an electrolytic cell, oxidation occurs at the positive terminal or anode, and reduction occurs at the negative terminal. Electrolytic cells have a positive delta G but has a negative EMF

According to your understanding of Bernoulli's principle and continuity equation, which of the following statements accurately describes the phenomenon of vascular flutter which occurs when an artery becomes constricted due to the accumulated plaque in its inner walls? A. the constriction causes the pressure to drop and the vessel to collapse B. Constriction in the blood vessel causes the pressure to build up right at the narrowing C. constriction in blood vessels causes backup and the pressure to build before the narrowing D. the constriction will cause the blood to travel faster and extra blood will create pressure after the narrowing

A. the constriction causes the pressure to drop and the vessel to collapse Bernoulli's principle: the faster the fluid travels, the lesser the pressure of that fluid at that same point. water level increases with velocity If the rate is siffciently igh, the artry will collapse v = sqrt2gh

The speed of sound traveling through a gaseous sample of mixed gases can be affected by: I. TemperatureII. DensityIII. PressureIV. Composition of the gaseous sample

All of the above

according the the poiseeille's law, which of the following statements correctly describes blood flow thorugh arteries? a. vasoconstriction by 20% will reduce the blood flow rate by a factor of 8 B. vasodilation by 20% will double the blood flow rate c. if the original flow rate is 100 cm3/sec, doubling the readius will increase the flow rate to 800/cm3/sec d. resistance is proportional to the radius to the fourth and inversely proportional flow rate

B.

A sound wave of wavelength λ and frequency f is propagated through a gold rod, then exits into the surrounding air. What most accurately describes the relationship between the original wavelength and frequency with the new wavelength λ' and new frequency f' in air? λ = λ', f < f' (Choice B) B λ = λ', f > f' (Choice C, Checked) C λ > λ', f = f' (Choice D) D λ < λ', f = f'

B. sound travels faster in a solid than in a gas due to differences in the conducting medium wavelength is affected by changes in the conducting medium since frequency is only dependent on the initial sound source, it does not chagne with change in the medium.

Which of the following statements does NOT accurately describe the atomic trends? Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer:(Choice A)AMoving across from left to right, ionic radius decreases, increases, then decreases due to the switch from cationic to anionic species. (Choice B)BMoving across from left to right, second ionization energy increases due to increasing nuclear charge.(Choice C)CMoving up, electronegativity increases due to the shortening distance between the nucleus and valence electron shell.(Choice D)DMoving down, effective nuclear charge decreases due to increasing electron shells.

B. effective nuclear charge increases moving across and decreases moving down electronegativity increases moving across and decreases moving down the first ionization energy increases moving across and decreases moving down. for the second ionization energy, in period 2, lithium has th eighest second ion ization energy because the electron is being remvoed from the noble gas configuration

Which of the following is NOT characteristic of a liquid with laminar flow? Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer:(Choice A)Alow velocity(Choice B)Bpresence of eddies(Choice C)Chigh viscous forces(Choice D)Dlittle lateral mixing

B. laminar flow is where the fluid flows in layers or lamina without much mixing of the layers. within each layer, the velocity, pressure, and other hydrodynamic properties remain unchanged Laminar flow occurs when the velocity is low or the fluid isv ery viscous laminar flow is characterized by smooth constant fluid motion. Turbulent flow is characterized by eddies, vortices, and other flow distrubances

Problem Photons of the same wavelength strike four metal targets in a vacuum. Electrons are measured leaving the surfaces at various speeds. Based on the velocities of the ejected electrons, which metal has the largest work function?Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer: (Choice A)AMetal 2, with ejection velocity of 2990 m/s (Choice B)BMetal 3, with ejection velocity of 0.0000001c (Choice C)CMetal 4, with ejection velocity of 0.000001c (Choice D)DMetal 1, with ejection velocity of 299 m/s

B. metal 3 The work function, E0, is the energy that it takes to remove an electron from the metal. The work function can be calculated as the difference between the enrgy put in by the photon, E, and the kinetic energy of the ejected electron, Ke. E0=E-KE. Since the photons all have the same wavelengths, E does not change. Tat means that the largest E0 will be seen in case with the lowest KE. Lower speeds mean lower kinetic energies. without any calculation, we can compare cases with ismilar units. The electrons from Metal 1 are moving slower than those from Metal 2, and those from metal 3 are moving more slowly than those from metal 4.

Four capacitors of 10 pF are connected in parallel with two of the capacitors having a Mylar dielectric (κ = 3) of thickness L inserted and two capacitors only separated by air at a distance L. A voltage potential of 40 V is applied across the circuit. How does the charge stored on the capacitors differ between the capacitors with the Mylar and without? A. the mylar capacitors store 1/30 times as much charge as the air capacitors B. the mylar capacitors store 3 times as much charge as the air capacitors C. the mylar capacitors store 30 times as much charge as the air capacitors D. the mylar capacitors store 1/3 times as much charge as the air capacitors

B. the mylar capacitors store 3 times as much charge as the air capacitors

There is a 1-liter container filled with 500 milliliters of water placed on top of a scale displaying 80 pounds. When a metal cube is submerged tied to a string end into the container, which of the following statements accurately describes the result? A. the scale will remain at 80 pounds unless the cube touches the bottom of the bowl B. the scale will register a weight greater than 80 pounds due to newton's third law c. the scale will remain at 80 pounds until the cube is floating on top of the water fully submerged d. the cube's density must be provided to predict what will happen

B. the scale will register a weight greater than 80 pounds due to newton's third law When the cube is submerged, the object floats in equilibrium. Hint #22 / 4There must be a buoyant force keeping the object afloat pushing upward. Hint #33 / 4According to Newton's Third Law, there should be an equal and opposite force downwards. Hint #44 / 4That additional force will cause the scale to register a weight greater than 80 pounds.

Which of the following compounds can be characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy? Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer: (Choice A)Ahexaaquaaluminum complex ion, [Al(H22​start subscript, 2, end subscriptO)66​start subscript, 6, end subscript]3+3+start superscript, 3, plus, end superscript (Choice B)Btrans-1,2-dibenzoylethylene (Choice C)Cchromium (Cr) (Choice D)Dpenta-1,4-diene

B. there are three main groups of compounds that can be characterized by UV-vis spectroscopy: transition metal ions, organic compounds with a high degree of conjugation, and charge transfer complexes

Which of the following statements describes a correct step in the formation of an ionic bond between sodium and chlorine? Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer:(Choice A)ARemoving an electron from sodium (ionization energy) will provide energy for ionic bond formation. (Choice B)BOvercoming the Pauli repulsion from the overlap of wavefunctions of core electrons will release energy. (Choice C)CThe Coulombic potential between the ions (lattice energy) will release energy.(Choice D)DAdding an electron to chlorine (electron affinity) will require energy for ionic bond formation.

C

What is the correct ranking of the organic compounds in terms of effectiveness as a reducing agent from the least to the most effective? I. CHOCCl₃II. HOCCOHIII. CH₂COIV. HOOCCN

C.

Which of the following does NOT depend on the attraction of the bonding pair towards the nucleus? Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer:(Choice A)AThe distance from the nucleus (Choice B)BThe number of protons in the nucleus (Choice C)CThe repulsion by the electrons in the same valence shell (Choice D)DThe amount of shielding by inner shell electrons

C. electronegativity is the tendency for an atom to attract a bonding pair of electrons. electronegativity unlike other periodic trends is measured within a bond. effective nuclear charge has a direct effect on each of the periodic trends. the greater the effective nuclear charge the greater the electronegativity. the repulsion by the electrons in the same valence shell is not measured by Zeff, and the attraction of the bonding pair does not depend on that repulsion.

Which statement below is true? Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer: (Choice A)ASound waves can propagate as longitudinal or transverse waves, depending on the transmitting medium. (Choice B)BSound waves are transverse waves and they propagate perpendicular to the transmitting medium. (Choice C)CSound waves are longitudinal waves and they propagate parallel to the transmitting medium. (Choice D)DSound waves can propagate as longitudinal or transverse waves, depending on the temperature.

C. sound waves are longitudinal waves and they propagate parallel to the transmitting medium

what is the formula for capacitance?

Cequiv = C1+C2+C3 when they are parallel

Which of the following describes the most realistic shape of middle-sized raindrops as they fall through the Earth's atmosphere? Choose 1 answer: A. spherical due to surface tension B. circular due to air resistance forces C. teardrop-shaped due to gravitational forces D. hamburger bun like do to air pressure

D.

Suppose that an electron starts in the n=4 shell of a neutral hydrogen atom. How many photons will be emitted once it has fallen to the n=1 shell? Choose 1 answer: Choose 1 answer: (Choice A)A1 (Choice B)B2 (Choice C)C3 (Choice D, Checked) DAny of the above

D. a photon will be emitted each time the electron moves from shell to another. the electron can fall to any shell between n=4 and n=1 that means that the electron canf all through 4 different paths: n=4 n=1 (1 photon) n=4 n=3 (2 photons) and so on. so all photons can be emitted

Workers want to suspend a 40kg sign from a ceiling with cables, but the cables they have available are only able to support a maximum 10 N of force before snapping. If they are planning on suspending the cables at a 45° angle, what is the least number of cables that would be sufficient to support the sign without snapping the cables? A. 40 cables B. 80 cables C. 20 cables D. 60 cables

D. 60 cables. Tsin45x=400 solve for x

The salt bridge is essential in maintaining electrical neutrality in a Daniell cell. In the absence of a salt bridge, the two compartments will accumulate the opposite charges and prevent further reaction. For the salt bridge to function properly, there must be an appropriate electrolyte. Which of the following statements most accurately explains whether an electrolyte is appropriate for the salt bridge in the following electrochemical cell? 2Ag+ + Cu -> 2Ag + Cu2+ (Choice A) A K22​start text, end text, start subscript, 2, end subscriptSO44​start text, end text, start subscript, 4, end subscript is not appropriate because polyatomic ions such as the sulfate ion will oxidize more easily than water. (Choice B) B KOH is not a good choice because potassium has a very positive reduction potential. (Choice C) C CuS is a good choice because neither the cation and anion will react with the ions in the compartments. (Choice D, Checked) D KCl is not appropriate because this compound will react with the ions in the compartments

D. KCL is not appropriate because this compound will react with the ions in the compartments

Based on the electronic structure, which of the following ions would be expected to be pulled toward a magnet? a. F- b. S2- c. Mg2+ d. Rb2+

D. Rb2+ paramagnetic materials are pulled toward magnet fields. paramagnetic materials have at least one unpaired electron. all of the electrons in a noble gas configuration are paired. Rb2+'s electron configuration is [AR]4s2 3d10 4p5, so one of the 4p electrons is unpaired

Which of the following scenarios would produce a magnetic force? Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer: (Choice A)AA high-speed neutron entering a magnetic field perpendicular to the plane of the page (Choice B)BAn electron moving with a velocity to the right in a magnetic field pointing to the left (Choice C)CAn positron moving perpendicular to a changing electric field (Choice D)DA current-carrying wire lying beside another current-carrying wire

D. a current-carrying wire lying beside another current-carrying wire F=qvBsin

In a parallel-plate capacitor, how cant eh capacitance be decreased? a. increasing the stored charge in the capacitor b. decreasing the stored charged in the capcitor c. decreasing teh gap between the charged plates d. increasing the gap between the charged plates

D. increase the gap between the charged plates C = A/d

A parallel plate capacitor separated 10 cm by an air barrier is connected to a 100V battery. The capacitance of the capacitor is 1 picofarad while the battery is connected. Without disconnecting the battery, the parallel plates are moved so they are now 20 cm apart. What happens to the energy stored in the capacitor? Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer: (Choice A)AIt increases fourfold (Choice B)BIt increases by half (Choice C)CIt decreases fourfold (Choice D)DIt decreases by half

D. it decreases by half

Which of the following is true concerning total internal reflection? I. Light traveling from a lower index of refraction to a higher one can experience total internal refraction.II. If the angle of incidence equals the critical angle then light will not be refractedIII. If an angle of incidence is larger than the critical angle, it will not experience total internal reflection. Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer: (Choice A)AI, II, III (Choice B)BII only (Choice C)CII & III (Choice D)DNone of the above are true

D. none total internal reflection can only occcur if the angle of incidence is larger than the critical angle total internal reflection occurs only when light travels from a higher index of refraction to a lower one if the angle of incidence exactly equals the critical angle, the angle of refraction will be 90, meaning that it will skirt along two media

Which of the following statements accurately describes the different classifications of elements? Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer:(Choice A)AThe alkali earth metals react with water to form hydrogen gas as well as the metal oxides in aqueous solution. (Choice B)BAll the halogens react with hydrogen to form hydrogen halides, which when mixed with water form strong acids. (Choice C)CThe alkali metals have distinctive flame colors because of their easily excited ddd electrons.(Choice D)DThe noble metals like gold, silver, and platinum are resistant to corrosion due to their fully-filled ddd-bands.

D. the noble metals like gold, silver, and platinum are resistant to corrosion due to their fully-filled d-bands the transition metals include the designation of noble metals, which comprises ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, osmium, iridium, platinum, and gold. the noble metals resist corrosion because their d orbitals are fully filled.

What is the doppler frequency formula?

Fd = f x (s/s-speed) approach Fd = f x (s/s+speed) exit

Which of the following statements most accurately describes the chemical shift in 11start superscript, start text, 1, end text, end superscriptH-NMR? Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer: (Choice A)AElectronegative atoms enhance the shielding of hydrogens and cause downfield shifts, and the extent of this shift is proportional to the electronegativity of the atom and proximity to the hydrogen. (Choice B)BThe applied magnetic field causes the π electrons of aromatic compounds to circulate and produce a secondary magnetic field that causes the deshielding of the aromatic hydrogens. (Choice C)CHydrogens attached to π-bonded carbons are more shielded than those in alkanes due to magnetic anisotropy (Choice D, Checked)DAryl, carbonyl, and allylic groups are electron-donating by induction and cause a downfield shift of a hydrogen on an adjacent carbon.

The applied magnetic field causes the pi electrons of aromatic compounds to circulate and produce a secondary magnetic field that causes the deshielding of the aromatic hydrogens.

what is the thickness of an anti-reflective coatin g(n=1.3) that must be put on a lens (n=1.5) in order to minimize reflection at a wavelength of 550 nm? 68 nm, 106 nm, 275 nm, 550 nm

The reflected light wave will travel through the coating twice, so the coating should be ideally ¼-wavelength thick. (550 nanometers/index of refraction of the film) divided by 4 is 106 nanometers, which is the correct answer.

Which of the following statements most accurately describes UV-Vis spectroscopy? Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer: (Choice A)AInside a spectrophotometer, the beam is split into two where one beam is used as a reference and the other beam is used to cause interference with the reference.(Choice B)BThe absorbance of a compound is proportional to the concentration of the sample and inversely proportional to the path length according to Beer's Law.(Choice C)CUV-Vis spectroscopy can be used to measure the kinetics or the rate constant of a reaction. (Choice D)DFor molecules containing π or non-bonding electrons, the larger the HOMO-LUMO gap, the longer the wavelength the compound absorbs.

UV-vis spectroscopy can be used to measure the kinetics or the rate constant of a reaction

Which of the statements accurately describes a step or steps in the generation of electromagnetic waves? Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer: (Choice A)AA changing current I creates a changing magnetic field B, which induces an electric field E. (Choice B)BA moving charge q creates a constant current I , which then creates a changing magnetic field B. (Choice C)CA changing current I creates a constant magnetic field B, which in turn creates an opposing current I'. (Choice D)DA changing magnetic field B creates an induced constant current I or EMF, which then creates an opposing magnetic field B'.

a changing current I creates a changing magnetic field B, which induces an electric field E moving charges or currents produce magnetic fields. a constant current produces a constant magnetic field, while a changing current produces a changing magnetic field. a magnetic field can induce an electric current, as long as the magnetic field is changing.

If you are given a large parallel-plate capacitor containing just air as a dielectric, which of the following tools would be sufficient to determine the capacitor's capacitance? A. an ohmmeter B. a voltmeter and an ammeter C. a ruler and an ohmeter D. a ruler

a ruler it is impossible to infer the capacitance purely from the voltage or resisance of a circuit with a capacitor; you must also known the charge on the capacitor

Which of the following is the electronic structure of N? Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer:( Choice A)A1s2 2s2 2p3 (Choice B)B1s2 2s1 2p3 (Choice C)C1s2 2s2 2p4 (Choice D)D1s2 2s1 2p4

a. 1s2 2s2 2p3 must be equal to number of protons first shell 2 second shell 8 third shell 8

when the gauge pressure is doubled, what happens to the absolute pressure? a. it increases by a factor less than 2 b. it stays the same c. it is halved d. it doubles

a. it increases by a factor less than 2

Which of the following scenarios most accurately represents Pascal's law? Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer:(Choice A)AThe volume displaced by piston 1 is equal to the volume displaced by piston 2 in a hydraulic lift.(Choice B)BWhen you push down on the stopper of a big water jug with 10 N, the same force of 10 N is transmitted undiminished to the larger bottom surface of the jug.(Choice C)CWhen a pregnant mother is riding in a car that crashes, the fluid surrounding the fetus will help to dissipate any force from the crash.(Choice D)DA person pushes the brake with a small area with a small force over a short distance to produce an equivalent force to stop the car.

a. the volume displaced by piston 1 is equal to the volume displaced by piston 2 in a hydraulic lift P1=P2

Which of the following is true of reflected light rays from a surface? I. The angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection for diffuse reflections.II. The angle measured between the surface and the ray is the same magnitude as the angle of reflectionIII. The angle of incidence is found by subtracting the angle made with the surface from the normal Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer: (Choice A)AI + II (Choice B)BI + III (Choice C)CII only (Choice D)DI only

b.

What would be observed if white light were used to illuminate the two slits? Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer: (Choice A)AA continuous band of colors and no dark fringes (Choice B)BA white central fringe and alternating rainbow and dark fringes (Choice C)CA white bright central fringe and no other fringes (Choice D)DA white central fringe and alternating white and dark fringes

b. a white central fringe and alernating rainbow and dark fringes the greater the wavelength, the greater the diffraction the wave experiences as it passes thorugh the slit. red will bend outwards the most, and violet will bend the least

Recognizing how oxidation and reduction occurs is essential for analyzing and understanding biochemical reactions. Which of the following methods would NOT be employed in transferring electrons in biochemical reactions? Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer: (Choice A)ADirectly as electrons (Choice B)BAs hydrogen ions (Choice C)CThrough direct combination with oxygen (Choice D)DAs hydride ions

b. electrons can be transferred directly between species such as between metal cations in an electrochemical cell. hydride ions have a pair of electrons that are very reactive. this type of transfer can be seen between NADH and NAD+ such as dehydrogenases, where two electrons and protons are transferred molecular oxygen directly combines with organic compounds to oxidize hydrocarbons to alcohols, aldehydes, and carboxylic acids. lastly, electrons can be transferred as hydrogen atoms.

The stopping distance ddd is the distance a vehicle will travel from the point when the brakes are fully applied to when it comes to a complete stop. A racecar with a combined mass mmm of 25 kg with the driver is traveling along a racetrack at a velocity vvv of 100 m/s. The coefficient of friction μ between wet asphalt and rubber is 0.20, while the coefficient between dry asphalt and rubber can reach 0.90. Which of the following statements is true about the stopping distance assuming friction does all the work for stopping the car? a. both vehicles use static friction to come to a complete stop b. the calculated stopping distance is 4.5 times greater for a racecar on wet asphalt than on dry asphalt c. the greater the coefficient of friction, the greater the stopping distance d. the stopping distance is directly proportional to the initial velocity of the car

b. ke=w=-uNd=-umgd d=v^2/2ug

which of the following statements is true regarding a rider in roller coaster cart moving with constant speed through a loop? a. the sum of all the forces acting on the rider is zero b. the rider is accelerating c. gravity is the only force doing work on the rider d. there are two forces acting on the rider, but neither does any work on the rider

b. the rider is accelerating. When an object is undergoing circular motion, the magnitude of the velocity or speed is constant, but constantly changes direction. Therefore, the object is accelerating because of the changing direction.

A prism is used to separate white light into a rainbow. Which color of the visible spectrum would have the smallest angle of refraction (the angle between the ray and a line normal to the surface of the prism)? Choose 1 answer: Choose 1 answer: (Choice A)AGreen (Choice B)BViolet (Choice C)CRed (Choice D)DOrange

b. violet wavelength of light and index of refraction are inversely proportional: index of refraction increases as the wavelength of light decreases violet light would have the smallest wavelength of visible light, therefore the highest index of refraction the larger the index of refraction, the smaller the angle of refraction. violet should have the smallest angle of refraction for visible light.

When a pitcher throws the baseball and releases it with spin, depending upon the orientation of this spin, the ball will "break" in some direction. In other words, a breaking ball is a pitch that does not travel straight like a fastball as it approaches the batter. Which of the following scenarios accurately describes the phenomenon of "breaking"? A. a baseball moving to the right and spinning vertically counterclockwise will experience an upward lift B. a baseball moving to the left and spinning horizontally clockwise will experience a deviation to the left of its original path C. a baseball moving to the left and spinning horizontally counterclockwise will experience an upward lift D. a baseball moving to the right and spinning vertically clockwise will experience a deviation to the right of its original path

baseball spinning vertically will expereince an upward or downward lift

A soap bubble 250 nm thick is illuminated by white light, and the index of refraction of the soap film is 1.36. Which colors appear strong in the reflected light? Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer: (Choice A)ARed (620-750 nm) (Choice B)BBlue (450-495 nm)(Choice C)CYellow (570-590 nm)(Choice D)DOrange (590-620 nm)

blue (450-495 nm) constructive interference: (m+ 1/2)wavelength = 2nt

Which of the following statements accurately describes the molecular vibrations characteristic of IR spectroscopy? Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer: (Choice A)AStretching frequencies appear mostly in the fingerprint region. (Choice B)BTriple bonds have lower stretching frequencies than corresponding double bonds, which in turn have lower frequencies than single bonds.(Choice C)CBonds to hydrogen have higher stretching frequencies than those to heavier atoms. (Choice D)DStretching frequencies are lower than corresponding bending frequencies.

bonds to hydrogen have a higher stretching frequencies that those to heavier atoms stretching vibrations occur at higher frequencies than bending vibrations. generally, bonds more easily bend than stretch or compress. the higher the bond order, the higher the frequency needed to stretch.

A student acquires a thin filter that transmits only half the incoming intensity, and he puts this filter in front of one of the slits in a double-slit experiment. What will happen to the fringes on the screen? Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer: (Choice A)ABright fringes become darker, and dark fringes become brighter. (Choice B)BBright fringes become brighter, and dark fringes become darker. (Choice C)CBoth bright and dark fringes become brighter. (Choice D)DBoth bright and dark fringes become darker.

bright fringes become darker, and dark fringes become brighter destructive vs constructive interference

What are the quantum numbers describing the highest angular momentum number, spin-up electron in a neutral, unexcited chlorine atom's highest-energy orbital? A. n=3, l=1, mu =+2, ms=-1/2 B. n=3, I = 2, mu=+2, ms=+1/2 c. n=3, I=1, mu=+1, ms=+1/2 d. n=3, I=3, mu=+3, ms=+1/2

c. l = 0,1,2 1 is the highest angular momentum number spin up is +1/2

A bullet with mass mmm = 10 g strikes a pendulum bob with mass MMM = 1.0 kg horizontally with a speed uuu and becomes embedded in the bob. The bob is initially at rest and is suspended by a stiff rod of length LLL = 10 cm and of negligible mass. What is the minimum speed uuu in meters per second which causes the bob to execute a complete vertical circle?

c. 200 m/s u = (m+M)sqrd4gL / m

Which of the following quantum number sets indicates the lowest energy orbital of an electron in a neutral aluminum atom? Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer: (Choice A)An=3, l=2 (Choice B)Bn=1, l=1 (Choice C)Cn=1, l=0 (Choice D)Dn=3, l=1

c. n=1, l=0 you are looking at an ELECTRON in an ATOM, not the atom itself. if it was aluminium, the answer would be a. but you are looking at the electron, so the lowest orbital that the electron can go to is n=1, l=0

A double-slit interference experiment is set up in a chamber that can be filled with water. Using a monochromatic light source, an interference pattern is observed when the chamber is open to air. What happens to the interference fringes when the chamber is filled with water? Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer: (Choice A)AThe interference fringes move farther apart.(Choice B)BThe interference fringes disappear completely.(Choice C)CThe interference fringes move closer together.(Choice D)DThe interference fringes remain fixed.

c. the interference fringes move closer together

If the forces acting on an object are balanced, then which of the following must be true about the object? Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer:(Choice A) AThe object is at rest (Choice B)BThe magnitude of the normal force must equal that of its gravitational force. (Choice C)CThe object experiences no net acceleration.(Choice D)DThe object experiences forces of equal magnitude on all of its sides.

c. the object experiences no net acceleration

which of the following statements correctly describes all correctly-balanced chemical reactions? a. the total number of molecules is conserved b. the coefficient of oat least one molecule is equal to one c. the sum of the coefficients for each side of the reaction is equa;l d. the total number of atoms of each present element is covered

d.

If you know that an electron is inside a 25 cm wide X-ray radiography machine what is the error on the most precise measurement that you could make of its momentum? Planck's constant is 6.6x10^-34 m^2 kg/s a. 4x10^-14 kg m/s b. 4x10^-34 kgxm/s c. 2x10^-14 kg m/s d. 2x10^-34 kg m/s

d. heisenberg's uncertainty principle the uncertainty of the position is determined by knowing that the electron is somewhere inside the 25 cm wide machine, so x = 0.25 m the minimum uncertainty is met when the inequality in the heisenberg uncertainty inequality becomes an equaiton: xp> h=4pi. solve for p

A tug of war match is started, team 1 pulls with a force of 70 N, while team 2 pulls with a force of 75 N. What is the tension in the rope? a. 75 N b. 5 N c. 145 N d. 70 N

d. 70 N. tension is determined by the weaker of two forces.

Which of the following correctly describes the interaction between an electromagnetic wave and an atom? Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer: (Choice A)ATransparency of a medium depends on the ability of the photons to travel through the interatomic spacing without interference. (Choice B)BThe atom emits photons of white light after absorbing electromagnetic radiation of comparable energy.(Choice C)CThe atom can undergo fluorescence or phosphorescence to produce a photon with a shorter wavelength.(Choice D)DAbsorption only occurs when the quantum energy of the photon matches the energy separation between the initial and final quantum states.

d. absorption only occurs when the quantum energy of the photon matches the energy separation between the initial and the final quantum states

Which of the following is a true statement concerning speed, velocity, and acceleration? a. if the displacement of an object is zero, the speed must be zero b. speed is a vector quantity representing magnitude and direction c. an object cannot accelerate if it is moving at a constant speed d. an increase in speed must mean the object experiences acceleration

d. an increase in speed must mean the object experiences acceleration speed is not a vector quantity

Redox reactions in biological systems can be facilitated by enzymes such as oxidoreducatases, where NADH is associated with catabolism and NADPH is associated with anabolism. Which of the following organic compounds contains carbon in its most reduced form? a. ccl4 b. co2 c. occl2 d. co

d. co CO2 has carbon double bonded twice to oxygen, oxydation charge is +4 ccl4, oxidation state is 4+ occl2, oxidation state is 4 co, oxidation state is only +2.... has a carbon triple bonded to oxygen

on which of the following does the buoyant force on an object floating on the surface of a liquid most directly depend? a. mass of the liquid b. volume of the object c. viscosity of the liquid d. density of the liquid

d. density Fb = Pfluid/Vdisplaced(g)

which of the following is not a property of an electromagnetic (EM) wave? momentum, energy, pressure, heat energy

d. heat energy

An object is dropped from the top of the Empire State Building. Which of the following statements best describes the motion of the object as it experiences air resistance during its downward fall? A. the speed will increase at a constant rate for its fall B. the speed will decrease at a constant rate for its fall c. its speed remains constant for the fall d. its acceleration will decrease unti the object starts m oving with a constant speed

d. its acceleration will decrease until the object starts moving in a constant speed the force of air resistance will increase until it is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to weight. its speed does not remain constant for the fall and does not decrease at a constant rate since it gains more speed as it falls. its acceleration, which is gravity, does decrease until the object reaches its terminal velocity, at which point acceleration is zero or velocity is constant.

A diamond has an index of refraction of 2.4. what is the speed of light within the diamond? a. 2.25 x 10^8 m/s b. 3.0 x 10^8 m/s c. 7.2x10^8 m/s d. 1.25x10^8 m/s

d. speed of light = 3x10^8 n=c/v

Suppose that four photons each hit a hydrogen atom and raise an electron from an initial orbit, n1n1​n, start subscript, 1, end subscript, to a final orbit, n2n2​n, start subscript, 2, end subscript. Which photon had the shortest wavelength? Choose 1 answer:Choose 1 answer: (Choice A)AThe orbit where n1n1​n, start subscript, 1, end subscript=2 and n2n2​n, start subscript, 2, end subscript=3. (Choice B)BThe orbit where n1n1​n, start subscript, 1, end subscript=3 and n2n2​n, start subscript, 2, end subscript=9. (Choice C)CThe orbit where n1n1​n, start subscript, 1, end subscript=3 and n2n2​n, start subscript, 2, end subscript=6. (Choice D)DThe orbit where n1n1​n, start subscript, 1, end subscript=2 and n2n2​n, start subscript, 2, end subscript=4.

d. the orbit where n1=2 and n2=4 Ephoton=hc Bohr model energy levels: E=-13.6eV the case with the highest ending orbit will have the highest energyy and hence the shortest wavelengt. compare the two cases via 1/n2^2 -1/n1^2

Which of the following wave properties are exhibited in Franhaufer's single-slit experiment? I. Diffraction II. Interference III. Dispersion IV. Refraction

diffraction and interference

An elevator's motion is through the action of a single cable. The elevator has a gravitational force of 2000 N. When the elevator is moving downwards at a constant velocity, how much tension is in this cable? equal to 2000 N slightly less than 2000 N greater than 2000 N close to 0 N

equal to 2000N Drawing a free-body diagram of a elevator in motion will elucidate the forces on the elevatorThe forces on the elevator when it is moving downwards at a constant velocity are the gravitational force and the force due to the tension on the cable.If the elevator is moving at constant velocity, then there is no net acceleration and no net force. The tension in the cable must equal the gravitational force of the elevator

Which of the following statements accurately describes the Nernst equation shown below? a. at equilibrium, Ecell calculates to a value of 0 and the battery is considered dead because Q becomes Keq and Keq has a value of 0 b. increasing the concentration of the reactants will incease the value of Ecell c. this equation is used to figure out the standard cell potential at any concentration, partial pressure, or temperature d. at standard conditions, Ecell =Eprimecell because all the concentrations are 1 M at an ambient temp of 273 K

increasing the concentration of the reactants will increase the value of Ecell. The nersnt equation is used to determine the cell potential under non-standard conditions.

Which of the following statements accurately describes the comparison of light and sound waves? Choose 1 answer: Choose 1 answer: (Choice A)ALight waves can be polarized, while sound waves cannot be polarized. (Choice B)BThe energy of both light and sound waves depend on the amplitude of the appropriate wave. (Choice C)CBoth light and sound move slower in a solid like glass than in air. (Choice D)DLight waves are longitudinal, while sound waves can be longitudinal or transverse.

light waves can be polarized, while sound waves cannot be polarized

For a three second period of time, a 50 kg wooden crate slides across the concrete floor at exactly 5 m/s. The coefficient of kinetic friction between the wooden crate and the concrete floor is 0.2. What is the net force of this crate during this three second period? 500 N 100 N 50 N 0 N

since there is a constant velocity, there is no net acceleration and no net force