Planes Of Motion & Axes Of Rotation & Practice

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Frontal or coronal plane

Divides body into anterior and posterior halves. Front and back. Used with abduction and adduction. Ex: jumping jacks

Sagittal plane

Divides body into bilateral segments. Left and right half. Used with flexion and extension. Ex: sit up, knee extension, bicep curls.

Transverse plane

Divides body into superior and inferior halves when the person is in anatomical position. Used during rotation. Ex: spinal rotation to left or right

Name the plane and axis. Ankle inversion.

Frontal plane Sagittal axis

Name the plane and axis. Cervical (neck) lateral flexion.

Frontal plane Sagittal axis

Name the plane and axis. Hip adduction.

Frontal plane Sagittal axis

Name the plane and axis. Scapular depression.

Frontal plane Sagittal axis

Name the plane and axis. Scapular elevation

Frontal plane Sagittal axis

Name the plane and axis. Scapular upward or downward rotation.

Frontal plane Sagittal axis

Name the plane and axis. Shoulder abduction.

Frontal plane Sagittal axis

Name the plane and axis. Wrist abduction/radio deviation/flexion.

Frontal plane Sagittal axis

Name the plane and axis. Wrist adduction/ ulnar deviation/flexion.

Frontal plane Sagittal axis

Name the plane and axis. Ankle eversion.

Frontal plane Sagittal axis

Name the plane and axis. Hip abduction.

Frontal plane Sagittal axis

Name the plane and axis. Lumbar lateral flexion

Frontal plane Sagittal axis

Name the plane and axis. Shoulder adduction.

Frontal plane Sagittal axis

Saggital axis

Has same orientation as Sagittal plane of motion and runs from front to back at a right angle to frontal plane of motion. Runs anterior/ posterior. Commonly includes abduction and adduction movements

Frontal axis

Has same orientation as frontal plane of motion and runs from side to side at a right angle to saggital plane of motion. Runs medial/ lateral. Commonly includes flexion and extension movements

Axes of rotation

Is a straight line around which an object rotates. The axes are named in relation to their orientation. The 4 axes of rotation are frontal, Sagittal, vertical or longitudinal, and diagonal or oblique.

Diagonal or oblique axis

Runs at and right angle to the diagonal plane

Vertical or longitudinal axis

Runs straight down through top of the head and is a right angle to the transverse plane of motion. Runs superior/ inferior. Commonly includes internal rotation, external rotation movements.

Elbow extension

Sagittal plane Frontal axis

Name the plane and axis. Ankle dorsiflexion.

Sagittal plane Frontal axis

Name the plane and axis. Ankle plantar flexion.

Sagittal plane Frontal axis

Name the plane and axis. Cervical (neck) flexion

Sagittal plane Frontal axis

Name the plane and axis. Hip extension.

Sagittal plane Frontal axis

Name the plane and axis. Hip flexion.

Sagittal plane Frontal axis

Name the plane and axis. Knee extension

Sagittal plane Frontal axis

Name the plane and axis. Knee flexion.

Sagittal plane Frontal axis

Name the plane and axis. Lumbar (trunk) extension.

Sagittal plane Frontal axis

Name the plane and axis. Shoulder extension.

Sagittal plane Frontal axis

Name the plane and axis. Shoulder flexion.

Sagittal plane Frontal axis

Name the plane and axis. Wrist extension.

Sagittal plane Frontal axis

Name the plane and axis. Wrist flexion.

Sagittal plane Frontal axis

Name the plane and axis. Cervical (neck) extension.

Sagittal plane Frontal axis

Name the plane and axis. Elbow flexion.

Sagittal plane Frontal axis

Name the plane and axis. Lumbar (trunk) flexion.

Sagittal plane Frontal axus

Name the plane and axis. Cervical (neck) rotation.