Plants 1.1

What process stores energy temporarily in ATP and NADPH which is then used to make glucose?

The Calvin Cycle

What stage in photosynthesis creates glucose?

The Calvin Cycle

If a plant has a defect that prevents it from making phloem, what effect would this have on the physiological processes of the plant?

The plant would be unable to transport the glucose (food) produced by photosynthesis throughout the plant, thus preventing cellular respiration from occurring.

What protects the root of a plant

The root cap

Which of the following is the most important environmental cue in changing a seed from being dormant to active growth (germination)?

Water

Which of the following is NOT included in the dermal tissue of a plant?

Xylem

Why do bryophytes require rhizoids?

attach the gametophyte to the substratum and facilitate the absorption of minerals and water.

Which organelle transforms light energy into chemical energy?

chloroplast

What is the main product of photosynthesis?

glucose

Which metabolic pathway is common in both aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

glycolysis

What process is used to break down ATP?

hydrolysis

Which organelle does cellular respiration occur in?

mitochondria

What becomes the fruit of a plant?

ovary

What process in cellular respiration along with chemiosmosis creates the most ATP?

oxidative phosphorylation

What process that includes both the electron transport chain and chemiosmosis occurs in the mitochondrial

oxidative phosphorylation

What is energy that is stored?

potential energy

Where does pollination occur in a flower?

stigma

Where does pollination occur in plants?

stigma

Where does the Calvin Cycle occur?

stroma of the chloroplast

Where does the light reaction occur?

thylakoid discs

What transports the water in the wood of a tree?

xylem cells

What enzyme converts ADP and P into ATP?

ATP synthase

Which of the following is NOT one of the main functions of roots?

Carry out reproduction

What process helps store the energy in the bonds of ATP?

Cellular resperation

Which process breaks down glucose to store energy?

Cellular respiration

What type of potential energy is stored in food or fuel?

Chemical energy

A plant exposed to high temperatures shows a steady increase in water loss for 90 minutes. Then the rate of water loss decreases rapidly. What is the most likely cause of this change in the rate of water loss?

Closing of stomata

Which of the following would increase genetic diversity of a plant more?

Cross-pollination

According to the first law of thermodynamics, what cannot be created nor destroyed?

Energy

What type of plant grows on other plants, but does not harm them?

Epiphytes

A plant has 3 flower petals, 2 cotyledons, and a taproot. What type of angiosperm is this most likely?

Eudicot

What is produced during both photosynthesis and cellular respiration? Hint: they are not necessarily final products

Glucose

What is the main energy source for cells?

Glucose

What is one difference between a gymnosperm and an angiosperm?

Gymnosperms contain naked seeds in cones whereas angiosperms contain protected seeds in fruit.

What part of a tree contains the primary xylem that no longer conducts water?

Heartwood

The structure of a leaf maximizes which physiological process?

Increase surface area for light absorption for photosynthesis.

Glycolysis and what other stage of cellular respiration results in 2 net ATP?

Krebs cycle

What compound is NOT usually a limiting factor in photosynthesis?

Oxygen

What type of plant cell makes up the majority of a plant?

Parenchyma

Which of the following best explains how the surface of the leaf is used in a plant's natural processes?

Photosynthetic processes exchange gases through the leaf's surface.

What is the difference between primary and secondary growth?

Primary growth involves growth in height whereas secondary involves growth in width.

The amount of water in a plant's tissues is mainly determined by a combination of which of the following natural processes?

Root absorption and transpiration

What part of the plant increases the surface area of roots so that they can absorb more water?

Root hairs