PLS 21 Reading Study Guide 1

About ________ percent of the lines of code written by professional programmers have errors. A. 10 B. 50 C. 60 D. 30

A. 10

Almost ________ of consumers are more likely to purchase from a site that offers ratings and reviews. A. 2/3 B. 1/4 C. 1/3 D. 3/4

A. 2/3

More than ________ percent of all online content is written in English. A. 50 B. 75 C. 90 D. 25

A. 50

________ uses rows and columns to manipulate primarily numerical data. A. A spreadsheet B. Desktop publishsing C. Word processing D. Data management

A. A spreadsheet

________ refers specifically to two or more individuals who act together to perform a task. A. A workgroup B. Workflow C. Collaboration D. A virtual team

A. A workgroup

_________ is larger by volume; _________ is more complex. A. B2B; B2C B. B2C; B2C C. B2B; B2B D. B2C; B2B

A. B2B; B2C

________ is an example of the third type of peer-to-peer processing that allows for advanced search and file sharing. A. Bit Torrent B. SETI@home C. Microsoft SharePoint Workspace D. Grid computing

A. Bit Torrent

________ is/are the part of primary storage that holds a software program and small amounts of data for processing. A. Cache memory B. ROM C. Registers D. RAM

A. Cache memory

___ is the ability of information systems to identify objects, scenes, and activities in images. A. Computer vision B. Speech recognition C. Natural image processing D. Natural language processing

A. Computer vision

________ refer to an elementary description of things, events, activities, and transactions that are recorded, classified, and stored but are not organized to convey any specific meaning. A. Data B. Information C. Wisdom D. KNowledge

A. Data

Eriteans who have access to the Internet typically use ________. A. Dial-up B. DSL C. Cable D. Fiber

A. Dial-up

135.62.128.91 is an example of an ________ address. A. IPv4 B. IPv8 C. IPv2 D. IPv6

A. IPv4

The adoption of ________ has been an important factor in the development of the Internet of Things. A. IPv6 B. IPv4 C. Ipv2 D. IPv8

A. IPv6

The ________ manages all systems throughout the organization and the day-to-day operations of the entire IS organization. A. IS Director B. information center manager C. CIO D. applications development manager

A. IS Director

The customer manages the most with ________. A. IaaS B. SaaS C. LaaS D. PaaS

A. IaaS

________ users install their operating system and their application software on the cloud computing provider's computers. A. IaaS B. SaaS C. LaaS D. PaaS

A. IaaS

Satellite telephone services are provided through ________ satellites. A. LEO B. MEO C. GEO D. VEO

A. LEO

________ are relatively large computers used in large enterprises for extensive computing applications that are accessed by thousands of users. A. Mainframes Supercomputers C. Microcomputers D. Microprocessors

A. Mainframes

________ is a consultative function of the MIS department. A. Managing system integration including the internet, intranets, and extranets B. Staffing, training, and developing IS skills C. Managing computer operations including the computer center D. Infrastructure planning, development, and control

A. Managing system integration including the internet, intranets, and extranets

________ is an example of proprietary software. A. Microsoft B. Linux C. Apache D. Firefox

A. Microsoft

________ transmission systems can have a large coverage area but are expensive. A. Satellite B. Radio C. Microwave D. Fiber

A. Satellite

________ is a program or collection of programs that enable the hardware to process data. A. Software B. Hardware C. A network D. A database

A. Software

________ is a traditional function of the MIS department. A. Staffing, training, and developing IS skills B. Initiating and designing specific strategic IS C. Partnering with business-unit executives D. Managing system integration including the internet, intranets, and extranets

A. Staffing, training, and developing IS skills

________ is the slowest cable medium. A. Twisted-pair B. Satellite C. Microwave D. Radio

A. Twisted-pair

Data prices in ________ are among the lowest in the world. A. Vietnam B. India C. Russia D. Ethiopia

A. Vietnam

A(n) ________ portals offers a single point of entry to an entire community of affiliated interests. A. affinity B. commercial C. corporate D. industrywide

A. affinity

Primary activities _________ add value directly to the firm's products or services; support activities _________ add value directly to the firm's products or services. A. do; do not B. do not; do not C. do; do D. do not; do

A. do; do not

An electronic _________ is a collection of individual shops consolidated under one internet address. A. mall B. marketplace C. audition D. storefront

A. mall

If there are _________ alternatives to an organization's products or services, then the threat of substitutes is high; if there are _________ alternatives, then the threat is low. A. many; few B. few; few C. few; many D. many; many

A. many; few

In the _________ phase of BPI, the BPI team identifies relevant process metrics and collects data to understand how the metrics evolve over time. A. measure B. improve C. control D. define E. analysis

A. measure

The ________ layer of TCP/IP places packets on, and receives them from, the network medium, which can be any networking technology. A. network interface B. Internet C. application D. transport

A. network interface

The ________ concept refers to a group of computing products that work together. A. open systems B. piracy block C. open source D. anti-bug

A. open systems

Threat of substitute products or services refers to companies _________ the industry; rivalry refers to companies _________ the industry. A. outside; inside B. inside; inside C. inside; outside D. outside; outside

A. outside; inside

You want to be able to track the pencils in your store because they seem to be disappearing. You would want to mark the pencils with ________. A. passive RFID codes B. passive QR codes C. active RFID codes D. active QR codes

A. passive RFID codes

With ________, customers use the internet to self-configure products or services. A. product customization B. electronic exchanges C. batering online D. group purchasing

A. product customization

Target tried to move into Canada by __________. A. purchasing old Zellers' locations B. buying empty office buildings and converting them C. opening a few stores to see how it would go D. offering online ordering from northern US locations

A. purchasing old Zellers' locations

Modern credit cards are _________ cards. A. smart B. purchasing C. store-value money D. electronic credit

A. smart

Compliance with government regulations is a _________ pressure. A. societal B. market C. nonexistent D. technology

A. societal

According to the textbook, ________ is the most widely available cable medium. A. twisted-pair B. fiber-optic C. microwave D. radio

A. twisted-pair

Google Glass is an example of a ________ computer that provides ________ reality. A. wearable; augmented B. tablet; virtual C. tablet; augmented D. wearable; virtual

A. wearable; augmented

________ is a two-dimensional code that can store much more information than ________. A. RFID; bar codes B. A QR code; bar codes C. RFID; QR codes D. A QR code; RFID

B. A QR code; bar codes

________ does NOT currently have a GPS system planned or in use. A. Russia B. Australia C. European Union D. China

B. Australia

_________ comprises the vast majority of e-commerce by volume. A. C2C B. B2B C. B2E D. B2C

B. B2B

_________ is an incremental approach that focuses on reducing variation in the process outputs by searching for the root causes of the variation in the process itself or among process inputs. A. BPC B. BPI C. BPR D. BPM

B. BPI

Chevron improved their business processes using _______________. A. BPI then BPM then BPR B. BPR then BPI then BPM C. BPM then BPR then BPI D. BPI then BPR then BPM

B. BPR then BPI then BPM

_________ has developed software to take data from shoppers and apparel manufacturers and then makes a recommendation to a customer regarding fit. A. Virtusize B. Clothes Horse C. LoveThatFit D. Bodymetrics

B. Clothes Horse

________ developers suggest code changes to ________ developers. A. Core; paid B. Communities of; core C. Communities of; paid D. Core; communiteies of

B. Communities of; core

_________ facilitate dynamic pricing A. Smart cards B. Cookies C. ERPs D. RFIDs

B. Cookies

Cloud computing has the following benefit for companies: A. Privacy B. Cost C. Reliability D. Security

B. Cost

________ modems use the digital portion of a voice telephone to offer broadband access. A. Dial-up B. DSL C. Cable D. Fiber

B. DSL

___ is a subset of machine learning where the system discovers new patterns without being exposed to labeled historical or training data. A. Computer visioning B. Deep learning C. Neural networking D. Long learning

B. Deep learning

________ occurs when the functions of many physical devices are included in one other physical device. A. Materilization B. Dematerialization C. Pervasiveness D. Ubiquitousness

B. Dematerialization

________ is NOT a problem caused by computers. A. Carpal tunnel syndrome B. Ergonomics C. Job Stress D. Repetitive strain injuries

B. Ergonomics

________ satellites are stationary relative to a point on the Earth. A. LEO B. GEO C. MEO D. VEO

B. GEO

Until recently, the only way to positively identify the correct species of fish was with DNA testing which takes at least half a day. The first portable technology to identify one species of fish, ________, takes 45 minutes. A. Herring B. Grouper C. Tuna D. Sardines

B. Grouper

________ is NOT an advantage of twisted-pair wire. A. Easy to work with B. High bandwidth C. Cost D. Availability

B. High bandwidth

A(n) ___ agent is a software program that assists you, or acts on your behalf, in performing repetitive computer-related tasks. A. Stakeholder B. Information C. Smart D. Seller

B. Information

________ handle the day-to-day operations of the organization and make routine decisions. A. Clerical workers B. Lower-level managers C. Knowledge workers D. Middle managers

B. Lower-level managers

________ satellites have an orbital life of 6-12 years. A. VEO B. MEO C. GEO D. LEO

B. MEO

Which of the following is NOT a trend in hardware? A. More powerful B. More expensive C. Faster D. Smaller

B. More expensive

________ are exchange points for Internet traffic. A. ISPs B. NAPs C. IAPs D. NSPs

B. NAPs

________ is designed to be embedded in mobile devices and can be used with mobile wallets. It is a _________-range wireless network technology. A. UWB; medium B. NFC; short C. NFC; medium D. UWB; short

B. NFC; short

A(n) ___ agent constantly observes and reports on some item of interest. A. Personal B. Predictive C. User D. Information

B. Predictive

________ cloud services may be free or offered on a pay-per-usage model. A. Hybrid B. Public C. Private D. Vertical

B. Public

Your computer crashes in the middle of you writing a term paper. You lose the paper because you had not saved a copy yet. You lost your paper because it was in ________. A. binary form B. RAM C. ROM D. the CPU

B. RAM

________ is the most widely used service model. A. IaaS B. SaaS C. LaaS D. PaaS

B. SaaS

________ is writing repurposed for a mobile society in which readers' attention is fleeting. A. Online fiction B. Serialized fiction C. Traditional publishing D. Self-publishing

B. Serialized fiction

________ is an obstacle of Raytheon's CAVE. A. Discovering problems during production B. Space for the 3D screens C. Cost to bring in suppliers D. Getting customers to trust the designs

B. Space for the 3D screens

_________ cards allow you to store a fixed amount of prepaid money and then spend it as necessary. A. Smart B. Stored-value money C. Purchasing D. Electronic credit

B. Stored-value money

Bobbejaanland Family Park implemented ________ technology to track customers. A. UWB B. Wi-Fi C. LTE D. cellular radio

B. Wi-Fi

Many experts believe ________ is the solution to the challenge of making money from social networking sites and social commerce sites. A. employee use B. advertising C. company buy-in D. crowdsourcing

B. advertising

________ is a traditional function of the MIS department. A. Educating the MIS staff about the business B. Creating business alliances with business partners C. Managing computer operations, including the computer center D. Initiating and designing specific strategic IS

C. Managing computer operations, including the computer center

________ is NOT an example of collaborative consumption. A. Collaborative production B. Crowdfunding C. Mass customization D. Peer-to-peer lending

C. Mass customization

________ is how new employees acquire the necessary knowledge, skills, and behaviors to become effective members of the organization. A. Recruiting B. Social networking C. Onboarding D. Emplyee development

C. Onboarding

_________ appear(s) underneath the active windows. A. Spam B. Pop-up ads C. Pop-under ads D. Banner

C. Pop-under ads

________ clouds provide IT activities and applications as a service over an intranet within an enterprise. A. Hybrid B. Public C. Private D. Vertical

C. Private

_________ is the result of optimizing the design, development, and production processes. A. Productivity B. Differentiation C. Quality D. Cycle and fulfillment time reduction

C. Quality

__________ allows anyone to syndicate any content to anyone who has an interest in subscribing to it. A. UWB B. Blogging C. RSS D. RFID

C. RSS

Stripe's _________ is a set of software that makes the buying and selling process easier for merchants and shoppers by embedding "buy" buttons in apps and social networks. A. Atlas B. InMobi C. Relay D. ShopStyle

C. Relay

In 2000, operating a basic internet application costs businesses approximately ________ per month. In mid-2016, operating the same application in Amazon's cloud cost approximately ________ per month. A. $1,000; $150,000 B. $100,000; $100,000 C. $500,000, $1 D. $150,000; $1,000

D. $150,000; $1,000

________ allows companies to post jobs to eight different social networks simultaneously. A. Monster B. Wattpad C. LinkedIn D. Bullhorm Reach

D. Bullhorn Reach

________ is an example of a customer ratings and reviews website. A. PayPerPost B. Metacritic C. SponsoredReviews D. Buzzillions

D. Buzzillions

________ leads to the ideas of fat and thin clients where ________ clients have no local storage and only limited processing power. A. Peer-to-peer processing; fat B. Client/server computing; fat C. Peer-to-peer processing; thin D. Client/server computing; thin

D. Client/server computing; thin

________ is the most recent evolution of the modern IT infrastructure. A. LANs B. Stand-alone PCs C. Stand-alone mainframes D. Cloud computing

D. Cloud computing

_________ is a challenge of BYOD. A. Cost B. Productivity C. Satisfication D. Control

D. Control

________ allows users to store, retrieve, and manipulate related data. A. A spreadsheet B. Desktop publishing C. Word processing D. Data management

D. Data management

________ refers to learning supported by the web; ________ refers to any learning situation in which teachers and students do not meet face to face. A. Distance learning; long-distance learning B. Distance learning; e-learning C. E-learning; long-distance learning D. E-learning; distance learning

D. E-learning; distance learning

________ is the largest-volume application running over the Internet. A. Chat B. Voice communication C. FTP D. E-mail

D. E-mail

Which of the following cloud computing characteristics allows organizations to share resources? A. Virtualization B. Providing on-demand self-service C. Encompasses the characteristics of utility computing D. Encompasses the characteristics of grid computing

D. Encompasses the characteristics of grid computing

You have satellite TV. Providers use ________ satellites to get this service to you. A. VEO B. LEO C. MEO D. GEO

D. GEO

_________ is an example of effectiveness. A. Reducing production time by one day B. Automating order entry C. Using RFID to track products D. Increasing customer satisfaction

D. Increasing customer satisfaction

________ is a type of secondary storage. A. RAM B. A register C. Cache memory D. Magnetic tape

D. Magnetic tape

_________ is the current strategy for many manufacturers where a company produces a large quantity of items but customizes them to match the needs and preferences of individual customers. A. Mass production B. Configured mass customization C. Consumer segmentation D. Mass customization

D. Mass customization

________ predicted that microprocessor complexity would double approximately every 18 months. A. Gore B. Porter C. Rainer D. Moore

D. Moore

________ is an example of a sponsored reviews website. A. Metacritic B. Epinions C. ThisNext D. PayPerPost

D. PayPerPost

________ provides a live notification when its customers are close to physical stores that sell its products. The company then uses Foursquare to send them coupons and discount information. A. Disney B. Levi's C. Mountain Dew D. PepsiCo

D. PepsiCo

________ are the instructions for combining components to process information and generate the desired output. A. Networks B. Databases C. People D. Procedures

D. Procedures

________ is a broadcast medium. A. Twisted-pair B. Coaxial C. Fiber-optic D. Satelliate

D. Satellite

________ is an advantage of telecommuting. A. Visibility B. Socialization C. Promotion time D. Stress-level

D. Stress-level

_________ are the costs, in money and time, imposed by a decision to buy elsewhere. A. Loyalty programs B. Substitute products C. Entry barriers D. Switching costs

D. Switching costs

Which of the following is TRUE of thin clients? A. They are more expensive to set-up than fat clients. B. They are more complex to use than fat clients. C. It takes longer to deploy them than fat clients. D. They do not have locally installed software.

D. They do not have locally installed software.

Many GM owners used ________ to share tips and put pressure on GM to provide better customer service. A. Instagram B. Google C. Facebook D. Twitter

D. Twitter

IBM's Watson is considered ___ AI. A. Big B. Strong C. Small D. Weak

D. Weak

________ are applications delivered over the internet that MIS professionals can select and combine through almost any device. A. RLMs B. LANs C. Vertical clouds D. Web services

D. Web services

________ are an example of harnessing collective intelligence. A. Mashups B. Tags C. Web services D. Wikis

D. Wikis

If you bring your own router to school to set-up Wi-Fi but do not have permission from your university to do this, this is ________. A. an evil twin attack B. war driving C. eavesdropping D. a rogue access point

D. a rogue access point

A(n) ________ focuses on designing solutions for business problems and interfaces closely with users to demonstrate how IT can be used innovatively. A. system analyst B. emerging technologies manager C. systems programmer D. business analyst

D. business analyst

The _________ is a model in which organizations attempt to procure needed products or services from other organizations electronically. A. sell-side marketplace B. electronic exchange C. sellers exchange D. buy-side marketplace

D. buy-side marketplace

Social computing increases _________. A. threat of substitutes B. threat of new entrants C. supplier power D. buyer power

D. buyer power

Tujia is similar to Airbnb because it _________. A. focuses on Chinese travelers B. cleans and inspects properties C. lists surplus inventory on behalf of real estate developers D. connects homeowners with travelers

D. connects homeowners with travelers

In _________ auctions, sellers solicit bids from many potential buyers; these auctions result in _________ prices over time. A. forward; lower B. reverse; lower C. reverse; higher D. forward; higher

D. forward; higher

Job coaches recommend spending most of your time ________ to get a job. A. educating yourself B. talking to headhunters C. online D. networking

D. networking

Online advertisers have traditionally favored _________ to increase the number of people who look at an ad. A. offering prenium content B. trying to sell native advertising C. finding a non-advertising revenue source D. placing more ads on each web page D. increasing traffic

D. placing more ads on each web page

In the ________, organizations sell their products or services to other organizations electronically from their own private e-marketplace website or from a third-party website. A. buy-side marketplace B. electronic exchange C. sellers exchange D. sell-side marketplace

D. sell-side marketplace

Expert systems always replace human decision makers. True or False

False

Open source software typically does not have a copyright. True or False

False

The majority of CIOs know their companies are in compliance with software licensing agreements. True or False

False

The ultimate goal of AI is to build machines that replace human intelligence. True or False

False

A buyer agent is also called a shopping bot. True or False

True

NUIs combine social, haptic, and touch-enabled gesture-control interfaces. True or False

True

Piracy is illegal True or False

True

Software provides the instructions for hardware to work. True or False

True

A(n) ( ) agent is a software program that assists you, or acts on your behalf, in performing repetitive computer-related tasks.

intelligent

FanDuel and DraftKings rely on ________ to manage the scalability of their websites; this means _________. A. enterprise networking; the presentation of their websites needs to change based on the sport the fan wants to bet on that day B. cloud computing; they have to be ready to accept a huge increase in fans right before big games C. cloud computing; the presentation of their websites needs to change based on the sport the fan wants to bet on that day D. enterprise networking; they have to be ready to accept a huge increase in fans right before big games

B. cloud computing; they have to be ready to accept a huge increase in fans right before big games

When you decide to start automating order entry by creating a website instead of forcing people to call into Inside Sales to place orders, you are in the _________ phase of BPI. A. measure B. improve C. control D. define E. analysis

B. improve

Laptop computers are small, easily transportable, lightweight ________ that fit comfortably into a briefcase. A. supercomputers B. microcomputers C. microprocessors D. mainframes

B. microcomputers

In ________, manufacturers or retailers sell directly to customers. A. affiliate marketing B. online direct marketing C. electronic tendering D. viral marketing

B. online direct marketing

It costs $49 to get basic roadside help from Urgent.ly and Honk versus the typical $200 charged by AAA. If tow-truck operators want to list themselves on the Urgent.ly and Honk websites, they _______. A. will be allowed to take more time to get to the customer with priority going to AAA customers B. work as contractors and must add Urgent.ly and Honk to their insurance policies C. have to accept lower wages since the companies charge so much less D. have to make sure the call center knows where they are at all times

B. work as contractors and must add Urgent.ly and Honk to their insurance policies

________ is expected to be deployed by 2020. A. 4G B. 3G C. 5G D. 2G

C. 5G

Chevron's initial effort to update its business processes was followed by several smaller, employee-driven _________ initiatives (many that used the Six Sigma improvement methodology). A. BPM B. BPC C. BPI D. BPR

C. BPI

________ provide(s) for the flow of data from external computer networks to ________ and then to computer networks. A. The CPU; communication technologies B. Output technologies; communication technologies C. Communication technologies; the CPU D. Communication technologies; output technologies

C. Communication technologies; the CPU

________ marketing is when companies use social computing tools to obtain feedback from customers. A. Filter B. Traditional C. Conversational D. Viral

C. Conversational

_________ refers to the practice of registering or using domain names for the purpose of profiting from the goodwill or the trademark that belongs to someone else. A. Domain-using B. Domain-squatting C. Cyber-squatting D. Cyber-using

C. Cyber-squatting

________ is the Internet on a portable hard drive. A. Revolico B. AlaMesa C. El Paquete Semanal D. Vistar

C. El Paquete Semanal

Which of the following cloud computing characteristics represents the "pay-as-you-go" concept? A. Virtualization B. Providing on-demand self-service C. Encompasses the characteristics of utility computing D. Encompasses the characteristics of grid computing

C. Encompasses the characteristics of utility computing

Which of the following is NOT a challenge associated with food delivery services? A. Delivery costs B. Coupon availibility C. Funding D. Labor costs

C. Funding

Rakuten is a(n) _________ e-commerce company. A. Indian B. Chinese C. Japanese D. European

C. Japanese

E-parking apps are an example of ________. A. mobile advertising B. telemetry C. L-commerce D. an intrabusiness application

C. L-commerce

Medium-range wireless networks are ________ technology. A. WAN B. MAN C. LAN D. PAN

C. LAN

________ satellites have the most negligible transmission delay. A. MEO B. GEO C. LEO D. VEO

C. LEO

Which of the following is NOT a basic function of TCP/IP? A. Manages the movement of data packets between computers by establishing a connection between the computers B. Sequences the transfer of packets C. Responsible for disassembling, delivering, and reassembling data during transmission D. Acknowledges the packets have been transmitted

C. Responsible for disassembling, delivering, and reassembling data during transmission

________ store(s) data and program instructions for future use. A. Primary storage B. The CPU C. Secondary storage D. Output technologies

C. Secondary storage

_________ occurs when shoppers visit a brick-and-mortar store but then purchase online. A. Bannering B. Bundling C. Showrooming D. The long tail

C. Showrooming

________ was/were NOT initially supported by firms' IT departments. A. Stand-alone mainframes B. Enterprise computing C. Stand-alone PCs D. LANs

C. Stand-alone PCs

A(n) ________ supports the monitoring, collection, storage, and processing of data from the organization's basic business transactions, each of which generates data. A. DBS B. FAIS C. TPS D. ERP

C. TPS

________ sequentially accesses program instructions, decodes them, and controls the flow of data. A. A microprocessor B. The ALU C. The control unit D. The CPU

C. The control unit

___ is a capability performed relatively better by AI than human intelligence. A. Use of sensory experiences B. Reasoning C. Total cost of knowledge D. Creativity

C. Total cost of knowledge

________ is NOT an example of a social marketplace. A. Flipsy B. Craigslidt C. Tujia D. Fotolia

C. Tujia

________ is a short-range wireless network. A. MiFi B. WiMAX C. UWB D. LTE

C. UWB

________ offers a 15-minute prerecorded selection of Bollywood music and jokes interspersed with four ads for various company products. A. PepsiCo B. Cadbury C. Unilever D. Marico

C. Unilever

_________ organizations are only online. A. Brick-and-click B. Brick-and-mortar C. Virtual D. Clicks-and-mortar

C. Virtual

Which of the following cloud computing characteristics allows organizations to use a single physical server for multiple purposes? A. Scalability B. Encompasses the characteristics of utility computing C. Virtualization D. Providing on-demand self-service

C. Virtualization

A network between Mars and the Earth would be a ________. A. MAN B. PAN C. WAN D. LAN

C. WAN

Banjo makes sense of social networking noise primarily by _________. A. identifying structured data B. using Facebook algorithms C. geolocating posts D. ignoring useless posts

C. geolocating posts

Buyer power is _________ when buyers have many choices from whom to buy and _________ when buyers have few choices. A. low; high B. low; low C. high; low D. high; high

C. high; low

A(n) ________ is an intraorganizational system. A. E-commerce system B. portal C. human resources system D. supply chain system

C. human resources system

Your professor hands you a piece of paper with the number 75 on it and tells you this is your current average in the class. Since this is your fourth year as a college student, you know you could work hard to bring that average up to a B by the end of the semester. This is ________. A. data B. wisdom C. knowledge D. information

C. knowledge

You decide to specialize in marketing for your first career. You take an entry-level position as XYZ Corp. This means you are a _________. A. lower-level manager B. clerical worker C. knowledge worker D. middle manager

C. knowledge worker

The internet makes customers _________ powerful; this is a _________ pressure. A. more; societal B. less; societal C. more; market D. less; market

C. more; market

Many publishers view ________ advertising as risky because it has the potential to erode the public's trust. A. viral B. conversational C. native D. filter

C. native

A(n) ________ guides the user through computer applications by using cartoon-like characters, graphics, animation, and voice commands. A. application interface B. OS C. social interface D. GUI

C. social interface

The music and newspaper industries were hurt primarily by _________. A. supplier power B. buyer power C. threat of substitutes D. threat of new entrants

C. threat of substitutes

Disconnect and 1 Blocker are ad blockers that ________. A. are for-profit businesses B. stop almost every ad and tracker C. use the freemium model D. collect data

C. use the freemium model