Political Science 101 Ingram Final

In order to obtain seats in the Bundestag, a party must win either 3 seats by SMP or what percentage of the Proportional Representation (PR) vote?

5.

The German electoral system is best described as:

A hybrid between PR and plurality systems

What entity in the contemporary world has "ultimate sovereignty?"

A state.

The President of Germany is:

Chosen by a Federal Convention consisting of the Bundestag and "state" delegates.

In comparison to proportional representation systems (PR), a problem with plurality electoral systems is that:

Citizens have fewer electoral choices.

For Spruyt, the competitors to the sovereign state included the:

City-state, City League, Empire. ALL OF THESE

Adam Smith is most associated with which concept?

Classic liberalism.

Which of the following best describes classical liberalism and modern conservatism?

Classical liberalism is similar to modern conservatism.

The Constitution of the United States is __________.

Relatively short.

An advantage of a proportional representation system of government would be:

Representation of minor parties

The method used to arrive at elitist theory was:

Reputational.

What German thinker argued that any organization, no matter how democratic its intent, ends up run by a small elite?

Robert Michels.

The facts that the President of the United States is Commander in Chief of the Military and that the judicial branch interprets laws are indicative of __________.

Separation of powers.

Thomas Hobbes wrote that "the life of man [is] solitary, poor, nasty, brutish, and...":

Short

Electoral systems that elect one person per district are known as ____________.

Single-member districts.

"The proletarians have nothing to lose but their chains," is associated with which ideology?

Socialism.

The German social market economy establishes a:

Capitalist economy with generous social benefits.

Who can organize a group to protest or demand something from politicians?

Just about any group of citizens.

Which of the below did Max Weber regard as basic forms of legitimacy?

Charismatic, Rational-legal, Traditional. All of the above

Germany's current economy can be described as a/an:

Economy in which the state sets the ground rules and then allows the private sector to work unimpeded within these.

In ____________ states, laws are mostly obeyed, and government can control and tax its territory.

Effective.

According to economists, what we call club/toll goods are:

Excludable and non-rival.

__________ is an extreme form of nationalism.

Fascism.

Which of the following descriptions best depicts a federal system of government?

Federal systems have divided power between a central government and first-order governments.

The idea that American states serve as "laboratories of democracy" is an advantage of __________ system of government.

Federal.

Dahl's Polyarchy regards all of the following as necessary to democracy, EXCEPT:

Freedom to worship the religion of choice.

Free market supporters have criticized the German social market economy for:

Generous labor laws, pension plans, and unemployment insurance.

__________ rights protect detainees from guilt without a trial

Habeas corpus

Which ambassador to the UN argued that there is a difference between authoritarian and totalitarian regimes?

Jeane J. Kirkpatrick.

The ability of courts to decide if laws are constitutional is referred to as __________.

Judicial review.

Political conflicts that have been caused by a disparity between state boundaries and a people's sense of nationhood have taken place in:

Belgium, Canada, Russia, Spain, All of these.

Germany's Bundesrat resembles the U.S. Senate in all of these ways, EXCEPT:

Both bodies are elected by the public to assure responsible government.

Which of the following best undermines the Marxist argument?

Capitalism has survived major stock market crashes.

The media's role in signaling the importance of a particular political issue is termed

Agenda setting.

Though rare, a "true" democracy is a system in which __________.

All citizens meet periodically to elect officials and personally enact laws.

Dahl contends that democracy requires independent associations because they _______.

Allow continuance of political activity between elections. b) Allow the advancement of causes and promotion of policies. c) Provide a source of civic education and enlightenment. d) Provide citizens with information and opportunities for discussion, deliberation, and the acquisition of political skills. ALL OF THESE

German codetermination means that German employees receive representation on corporate boards of directors:

At one-third of the board in other companies with more than 500 workers. At parity minus one on the boards of other companies with 2,000 or more workers. Equal to that of shareholders in coal, iron and steel companies.

Which type of regime has an obedient media, state-supervised interest groups, and pervasive corruption?

Authoritarian.

Which of these German reforms guarantees workers a voice in corporations?

Codetermination

Which of the following would most likely be supported by the bourgeoisie?

Conflict for economic gain.

Which of the following is a potential problem with judicial review?

Conservative or liberal judges may rule based on their beliefs.

A written document outlining the structure of a political system is a __________.

Constitution.

Which of the following explanations of power might examine the tolerance of individuals?

Culture

The method used to arrive at pluralist theory was:

Decisional.

In the absence of remedial institutions and norms, anyone facing the logic of the Prisoner's Dilemma has an incentive to:

Defect without regard to the other player's actions.

The elitists argued that power in the city was

Direct and intentional.

Under the post-1949 Grundgesetz, the German executive is a:

Dual executive with most powers given to the chancellor and a mostly ceremonial position of president.

For Spruyt, the key driver in the state's assumption of dominance was:

Economic transactions.

Modern conservatism adopts elements of which of the following?

Economic views from Adam Smith and social views from Edmund Burke.

Which best explains the differences between historians and political scientists?

Historians are reluctant to generalize, while political scientists look for generalizations.

Anderson argues that modern nation-states are imagined communities because members:

Imagine their boundaries as finite, rather than unlimited in territory. Imagine their communion, but will never know most other members. Imagine their communities as sovereign, rather than led by divine right. Imagine their fellows as comrades, despite inequality between themselves. ALL OF THESE

Which of the following is NOT a function of a political party?

Implementation of laws.

The neo-elitists argued that power in the city was:

Indirect and intentional

The neo-pluralists argued that power in the city was:

Indirect and situational

Which of the following is most consistent with the idea of a social contract?

Individuals join and stay in civil society

The notion that we acknowledge the rightful roles of our leaders or our laws is known as:

Legitimacy.

The notion that you respect the United States Congress, even though it is controlled by a party with which you do not agree, pertains to:

Legitimacy.

An institution that is accepted as right and proper is seen as:

Legitimate.

How do libertarians compare to liberals and conservatives?

Libertarians are more consistent in their views.

__________ prefer virtually no government involvement in anything.

Libertarians.

Classic liberals have little in common with __________?

Modern liberals.

Which ordering places rights from most basic to highest?

Natural, civil, economic.

This theory highlighted the importance of agenda-setting:

Neo-elitist Theory

This theory pointed out the existence of systemic power:

Neo-pluralist Theory.

Which of the following is a cause for democratic failure?

No middle class.

The method used to arrive at neo-elitist theory was:

Non-decisional

According to economists, what we call public goods are:

Non-excludable and non-rival

According to economists, what we call common-pool resources are:

Non-excludable and rival.

According to Marx, the modern state was created as an instrument:

Of power to keep workers under control.

Germany's current economy can be described as a:

One in which the state sets ground rules and then allows the private sector to work unimpeded within those ground rules.

This theory claimed voter apathy signaled contentment with the status quo.

Pluralist Theory.

Machiavelli is associated with the concept of _______.

Power.

The ability of A to get B to do what A wants is known as __________.

Power.

Marx identified this class as most likely to lead the Communist Revolution:

Proletariat.

Marx used the term "bourgeoisie" to refer to the:

Property-owning class.

Modern elite theorists tend to be __________, contrary to what one might assume.

Radicals.

Rationality is based on which of the following?

Reason.

Spruyt contends that once sovereign states had the upper hand, they created the international state system by:

Recognizing other sovereign states.

Issues related to a border dispute between the United States and Canada would relate to:

Sovereignty.

Sovereignty is defined as the ability of:

States to carry out actions or policy independent of outside actors or internal rivals

Organizations that maintain a monopoly of violence over a territory are called:

States.

The first-order civil divisions on the United States are called ___________.

States.

Karl Marx used the term __________ to refer to everything built on top of the economy.

Superstructure.

A constructive vote of no confidence means that

The Bundestag must hire a new chancellor when it fires the previous one.

In Germany, a constructive vote of no confidence means that:

The Bundestag must vote in a new chancellor at the same time that a vote of no confidence is taken.

States been the dominant form of political organization since ________.

The Peace of Westphalia.

The Stag Hunt differs from the Prisoner's Dilemma game in that:

The best payoff for each individual occurs when all cooperate in hunting the stag.

Social contracts, the state of nature, and civil society are phrases best associated with:

The contractualists.

Which of the following might lead to the collapse of a confederation?

The inability of the central government to defend regional government.

In modern societies, the major source of political information for most adults is:

The media.

The reunification of Germany proved more difficult than expected due to:

The poor state of the economy in East Germany.

The reunification of Germany proved much more difficult than expected due to

The poor state of the economy in East Germany.

Which of the following did Machiavelli contribute to the study of politics?

The role of power in politics.

All of these are post-WWII political reforms which have stabilized Germany, EXCEPT:

Unitary government.

What feature does Robert Dahl identify as most distinguishing modern representative democracy from earlier forms of democracy?

Universal suffrage.

Germany's "personalized" proportional representation means that:

Voters make two choices on their ballots—one for an individual and one for a party.

___________ are characterized by the penetration of crime into politics.

Weak States

The special meaning of the word "state" in political science is:

What is commonly referred to as a country.

Germany's 5 percent clause means that a political party must:

Win 5 percent of the vote to be awarded seats in the Bundestag

German codetermination is:

Worker and employer members on a company's board of directors.