positive psychology final exam quizlet

Organize and put into order how Resilience would work in real life

1.The individual is dealing with a significant adversity or risk. 2.The individual chooses safe or healthy coping mechanisms. 3.Correct Order Answer: The individual positively adapts, bouncing back and is doing ok. 4.Correct Order Answer: The individual was resilient.

How many quadrants are there in the Downey, Hirsch and Chang table model for coping and resilience?

4

What is characterized by patterns of positive adaption in the context of significant adversity or risk?

:Resilience

Hysteria

A catch all diagnoses for women suffering from mental illness, which was generally believed to be curable by administering an orgasm to the suffering woman.

The Diagnostic and Statical Manual is:

A epitome that helps those in the mental health field diagnose and screen for mental illnesses.

Positive Psychology

A field of study that believes human strength and virtue could help us overcome maladaptive psychology.

The VIA Classification of Character Strengths and Virtues is:

A measurement system for human strength and virtue to predict outcomes much like the Diagnostical and Statistical Manual

StrengthFinders

A personal development tool developed by Gallup and Donald Clifton to measure human strength and virtue

The Genetic/Personality Theories

A portion of our happiness is connected to our genetics.

Remoralization

Adding morality back into a situation where it has been lost, especially in vocations where self-interest has become more important than right and wrong.

Resilience is a new concept that the field of positive psychology has spent very little time studying or understanding.

An individual must bounce back and be doing at least "ok" after facing a specific difficulty., There must be exposure to something that poses a serious threat to someones wellbeing.

Who was it who said, "Practical wisdom is the combination of moral will and moral skill."

Aristotle

Who wrote the 6 developmental goals for positive psychology?

Arthur Chickering

What makes you more altruistic? Select all that apply. You must correctly select all that apply to get credit.

Being a woman, Choosing an altruistic partner

The main question Positive Psychology is trying to answer is:

Can we heal and help human suffering by focusing on human strength and virtue?

Tami's friend at work recently lost her father to old age. Tami remembers how hard it was for her when she lost her father so she decides to start a meal train for her friend, and signs up to buy her dinner on the first available dates. What kind of altruism was Tami and her friend experiencing?

Care-based altruism

Bill Gate's organization KIPP has realized the single most important thing to teach children is:

Character

Dysfunctional

Choosing poor coping mechanisms and poor outcomes follow. Fortunate Correct match:

Struggling

Choosing safe or positive coping mechanisms but nothing changes or things get worse.

Merging action with awarness

Consciously completing a task, enganging your mind and body while you work, instead of checking out or going into autopilot.

Which factor is also important to consider when diagnosing mental illness and defining what is normal and abnormal?

Context

In the film, The Pursuit of Happyness, how did Chris Gardener use the Seligman theory of adaptive casual attributions to explain negative experiences? Your response should be between 150 and 200 words: Reference your reading discussion excerpt for defining terms and concepts.

Correct In Seligmen's theory of adaptive causal attributions, there are three main parts. Mood, self-perception, and well-being. Chris Gardener uses these three base categories to explain negative experiences in that, though he's trying his hardest at all times, sometimes it gets tough and it can be hard to handle. In order to get past these rough patches and work harder for your goals, you must control your emotions. Now, even though you can't fully control your emotions, you can control how long you experience a certain emotion for. So in the film, when Will Smith was hurting, he picked himself up and controlled how long he felt a certain emotion for. If he just cried the whole time, he would never have gotten anywhere and him and his son would have been stuck in the same position that they started out in. Self-perception and well-being were also used because he had to be aware and take care of him and his son, and that was his main motivation.

In the film, The Pursuit of Happyness, give some examples of self-efficacy. Your response should be between 150 and 200 words: Reference your reading discussion excerpt for defining terms and concepts.

Correct One of the main examples of self-efficacy in the film, The Pursuit of Happyness, is when the main character Will Smith, doesn't give up on him and his son. They're broke and he's fully aware of the fact that they're broke, but he continuously does everything in his power to overcome it. For most of the film, no one that he shows his product to wants it, but after being determined and not giving up, someone finally wants to buy it from him. At this point in the movie, he saw the potential he has and wanted to continue working as hard as possible to earn his money. He was being self-efficient and tried his hardest to never give up, even when times got tough. Having that particular mindset constantly is extremely difficult and it most definitely takes a lot out of a person to stay strong for someone else.

In the film, The Pursuit of Happyness, give some examples of Chris Gardeners cognitions that are built on goal-directed behavior that create hope. Your response should be between 150 and 200 words: Reference your reading discussion excerpt for defining terms and concepts

Correct One of the main goals that Chris Gardener sets for himself at the age of 5, is to always make sure his son knows who his father is. In the movie, Will Smith, the main character, played the father role. He does an excellent job of staying by his son the whole time and never abandoning him. Another big goal he sets for himself in the movie is getting a job which he achieves. He feels proud to tell his son that he feels like he's actually going somewhere and is starting to think that if he works hard enough he can reach the goals he sets. Next, a big goal that Chris sets for himself is to make 200 phone calls each day. He surpasses his peers because unlike them, his life depends on if he can earn enough money or not. He needed to find some way to go above and beyond.

Order the following events: You must order them correctly to get credit.

Correct Order Answer: Philosophy and Physiology created a new field of science that studied how the structures of the brain impacted human behavior. Correct Order Answer: The Culturally Deficient and Genetically Deficient Perspective were invented to explain the differences between groups of people. Correct Order Answer: The scientific practices of eugenics, literacy tests, hysteria treatments were regularly administered. Correct Order Answer: Social Sciences eventually evolved their perspective into the Culturally Different Perspective.

Who was it who said,"Reflect on your present blessings, of which every man has many, not on your past misfortunes, of which all men have some."

Correct answer: Charles Dickens

CDP as it pertains to the lecture, stands for:

Correct answer: Culturally Deficient Perspective

The belief that each culture is different from other cultures, instead of cultures being superior or inferior to each other, is called _____________ :

Correct answer: Culturally Different Perspective

How does a cultures criteria of abnormal psychology become influenced and effected by other factors? Select all that apply.

Correct answer: Environmental influences Correct answer: Individual world-views Correct answer: Powerful or popular people who change how we define certain behaviors as normal or abnormal

Mainstream psychology uses which criteria below to determine abnormal psychology? Select all that apply

Correct answer: Is the behavior considered maladaptive, in that it doesn't lead to socially or culturally sanctioned goals? Correct answer: Is a behavior atypical or appropriate for the cultural context? Correct answer: Does the psychological issue cause distress for the person?

Preventive measures often implemented as the second line of defense in order to rescue people who have become psychologically unwell are called?

Correct answer: Secondary Preventions

Michael wakes up every morning and runs for 5 miles. He then has breakfast with a different co-worker every morning and on the weekends loves to fiddle with his hobby car. Michael is practicing which theory of happiness?

Correct answer: The Process/Activity Theory

Helping your sibling because your Mom told you too.

Correct match: Being altruisitc to avoid social or personal punishment.

Finding a lost pet for a reward.

Correct match: Being altruist for monetary or social rewards.

Fortunate

Correct match: Choosing a poor coping mechanism but still experiencing positive outcomes and adaptions.

Resilience

Correct match: Choosing safe coping mechanisms and experiencing positive outcomes and adaptions.

CDP

Correct match: Culturally Deficient Perspective.

Literacy Tests

Correct match: Screening processes that evaluated someones intelligence before they were allowed to vote

Reliability

Correct match: The degree to which a test is consistent and stable in measuring what it is intended to measure

Generativity

Correct match: Thinking about the next generation and the legacy you are going to leave your family and world.

Identity

Correct match: Your beliefs, values and interests apart from what people have told you to believe.

Sometimes a countries healthcare system does not have as many primary preventions because primary preventions:

Cost money, time and resource

Over a century of GDP and CDP eventually gave way to a new perspective and explanation for the differences between groups of people. What was this new perspective called?

Culturally Different Perspective

Who was it that said, "The design of the brain means that we very often have little or no control when we are swept by an emotion, nor by what emotion it will be, but we can have a say how long an emotion will last."

Daniel Goldman

Homosexuality used to be considered a clinical mental illness in the earlier versions of the ___________ :

Diagnostic and Statistical Manual

The professor and psychologist who developed the StrengthFinders assessment was named:

Donald Clifton

Select all that apply to Donald Clifton:

Donald Clifton is credited as the main author of the StrengthFinders assessment tool, Donald Clifton started SRI which was eventually absorbed by the Gallup polling firm

Tami has stressed out about her college classes and courses all semester, wondering if she will loose her FAFSA loans, pass her courses or have to take her courses all over again. Tami's stressing has led to overeating and putting on weight which Tami isn't happy about. Tami would fall into which category of the Downey, Chang and Hirsch table model?

Dysfunctional

Which of the following would be examples of Primary Preventions? Select all that apply

Education, Healthcare,The Head Start program, Maternity leave

This chapters lecture talked about the connection between which two words and altruism and gratitude?

Egotism, Empathy

What is the process and skill of understanding and managing emotions?

Emotional Intelligence

Emotional Intelligence teaches us that we need to keep what in the balance or it will lead to burn out?

Empathy

The Process/Activity Theories

Engaging in particular life activities generates happiness.

Intense Focus and Concentration

Enganging deeply with the task in front of you. Paying attention to what you are doing.

In 1896, Connecticut made it illegal for people with epilepsy or who were "feeble-minded" to marry, then in 1911 John Harvey Kellogg, of Kellogg cereal fame, organized the Race Betterment Foundation and established a "pedigree registry." These are examples of what in the 19th and 20th century?

Eugenic

The word Eudaemonia means:

Experiencing happiness is connected to becoming the best version of yourself and finding purpose in life.

CDP and GDP did not effect how psychologists studied and understood human behavior and psychology

False

Emotional Intelligence teaches us that other peoples feelings are more important than our own.

False

In this Chapters lecture we discovered that some cultures are more superior or inferior than other cultures and this explains the differences in intelligence levels, economic status and healthiness between different cultures and groups of people.

False

It is emotionally intelligent to hold your tongue, not say something that might make someone feel uncomfortable and to only share your true opinion with people you believe won't disagree with you.

False

Most cultures answer the deep questions of life such as, who should I marry, what kind of job should I get, and what is the meaning life, in basically the same way.

False

Resilience is a new concept that the field of positive psychology has spent very little time studying or understanding.

False

Sigmund Freud is credited for being the sole founder of the psychological sciences.

False

The Gallup polling firm researched, developed and invented the StrengthFinders assessment tool.

False

Enjoying what you are doing

Feeling achievement with the task you are working on and experiencing a sense of 'reward' when you do it.

Bob is desperate for a job, so he decides to drive all night into the next city over from his own to be their first thing in the morning for an interview. After interviewing for the job, Bob gets the job. Bob would fall into which category of the Downey, Chang and Hirsch table model?

Fortunate

Who were the psychological scientists who identified the different kinds of altruism?

Gailliot, Maner

GDP

Genetically Deficient Perspective.

What was the name of the scientist in 2002 who developed a list of goals that each person should strive for in life as they work towards a more centered, stable and resilient existence.

George Valiant

Career Consolidation

Having a job that you can become competent in, in a field you experience satisfaction in, and having the ability to adapt when you need to change up your career.

What makes you more altruistic? Select all that apply. You must correctly select all that apply to get credit.

Having altruistic role models, Being born into a certain generation, Practicing Spirituality

Integrity

Having pride in the decisions you made in your life and being able to die with as little regret as possible.

The field of psychology which studies the spectrum of negative and position feelings and how they impact our motivation and action is called:

Hedonic

Rina has come in for counseling with a therapist who practices positive psychology. After sharing her issues with social anxiety the therapist is most likely to:

Help Rina to discover ways she can still be social and engage in social activities while working to overcome her social anxiety by identifying what she is good at.

Jerome Frank has researched Psychotherapy and found the most common ingredient in successful psychotherapy was?

Hope

What were the two big questions asked and answered when it comes to God and spiritualities role in promoting healthy psychology?

How does believing in God help us psychologically?, Why do so many people believe in God?

What does the science and field of positive psychology study and promote?

Human strength and virtue and how it can heal human suffering

Recognizing that everyone makes mistakes and that we don't need to be afraid to admit ours, which helps us build stronger and deeper relationships with other people, is called:

Humility

French physician, François Boissier de Sauvages de Lacroix, described in an experiment he performed in 1770 where a nun who was suffering from mental illness became cured only when a well-wishing barber took it upon himself to pleasure her. What is this an example of?

Hysteria

How do emotionally intelligent people handle criticism?

Identify the truth in the criticism, learn to improve and understand the other persons perspective.

Barry Schwartz said that when things go wrong we reach for two tools. Select all that apply.

Incentives, rules

The StrengthFinders assessment tool is used primarily to assess:

Individual strengths and positive characteristics for the corporate environment

Scientists who have studied happiness have inquired into which lines of questioning:

Is happiness dialectical or linear?, What is the point of happiness evolutionarily?, Is there one definition of Happiness or many?

Apologies

It is not always about whose right or whose wrong, but about valuing your relationship more than your ego.

Barry Schwartz says that a wise person with good moral skill and moral will is most like:

Jazz Musicians

Consciously completing a task, enganging your mind and body while you work, instead of checking out or going into autopilot.

Judging yourself like a performer, trying to artificially curate a Flow experience, instead of just letting it happen.

Bill wants what is best for his daughter. When his daughter asked him for a small loan to put a down payment on a car, he immediately obliged. When she tried to pay him back the loan some years later, Bill told his daughter not to worry about it. What kind of altruism was Bill and his daughter practicing?

Kin-based altruism

Successful psychotherapy promotes, teaches and develops which of the following? Select all that apply.

Learned Optimism, Self-management, Disputation Training

The science and field of Positive Psychology was a reaction to:

Mainstream Psychologies emphases and focus on human suffering and dysfunction.

Who was the social psychologist who identified six characteristics of a mentally healthy person in the 1950's?

Maria Jahoda

Loosing your sense of time

Not pinching pennies when it comes to watching the clock or rushing a flow experience, to make it happen as quickly as possible.

Social Constructionism

Our beliefs of the world are subjective constructs created by the societies we are born into.

Beth is trying to not worry so much about the future. She often feels if she could just control the outcome of certain situations she would feel more happiness. However she often finds that the more she tries to manage and anticipate her life, the harder it is for her to experience mindfulness. What does Beth need to overcome to experience more mindfulness?

Overcoming her desire for certainty in life

Stephanie finds herself spending a lot of time on social media. She likes seeing how attractive or unattractive she is compared to other people. Sometimes she feels better about herself, but most times she feels worse. She thinks using social media as a measuring stick for her own life is probably not good for her. What does Stephanie need to overcome to experience more mindfulness?

Overcoming her need to compare herself to other people

Tyrone finds himself zoning out during his 45 minute commute to work everyday. Its like he gets in the car and before he knows it, he's pulling into the parking lot at his job. He'd love to think, and reflect more while he drives but he struggles a lot with tuning out. What does Tyrone need to overcome to experience more mindfulness?

Overcoming his tendency to engage in automatic behaviors

Believing in yourself

Overcoming your feeling of being unprepared or inadequqate for the task at hand, and instead trusting your ability to complete it.

Keeper of Meaning

Passing down traditions, truths, lessons and rituals for new generations to hold and carry forward.

The field of psychology was birthed out of two fields of study. Physiology and ____________ :

Philosophy

Broaden and Build Model of Positive Emotions

Positive emotions have a domino effect into other areas of our life, creating more positivity.

The foundational elements of life that are necessary to initially promote positive psychology and wellbeing are called?

Primary Enhancements

Preventive measures often implemented as the first line of defense in order to keep people psychological well are called?

Primary Preventions

Which are examples of Secondary Prevention's? Select all that apply.

Psychotherapy, Rehabilitation, Support groups

Who were some of the first settlers in America that were religious separatists from England who landed on Plymouth rock and believed that true altruism required the giver to completely sacrifice and suffer?

Puritans

The field of positive psychology defines the term "culture" to encapsulate many different aspects of a persons life, such as:

Race and Ethnicity, Religion, Gender, Sexual Orientation, Socioeconomic Status

Louis works as a mechanic repairing cars all day. Next weekend he wants to attend a concert that is coming to town, but he is scheduled to work. He asks his buddy if he could work a couple of his shifts next week if he would take Louis' weekend shift. His friend agrees and Louis gets to attend his concert. What kind of altruism was Louis and his friend practicing?

Reciprocity-based altruism

The Need/Goal Satisfaction Theories

Reducing tension and meeting your needs creates happiness.

Forgiveness

Releasing the power others have over you.

Susan is getting counseling for breaking up with her boyfriend who was treating her very badly. Susan would fall into which category of the Downey, Chang and Hirsch table model

Resilient

The secondary elements of life that are built upon our foundational needs so we can curate more idealistic versions of our lives is called?

Secondary Enchantments

Incentives

Self-serving interests that motivate our behavior.

The Culturally Deficient Perspective is defined to mean:

Some cultures are inferior to other cultures and some cultures are more superior than others. Correct answer: Some cultures lack intelligent and capable individuals.

Committments

Striving to do what you say you will do, even if you don't feel like it, or until doing so is no longer advantageous.

Derek is from a neighborhood that has a lot of crime and gang activity. One day Derek is invited to join one of the groups in his neighborhood. Even though Derek would love the attention and comradery, but he turns down the invitation. However, nothing good happens even though Derek made the right choice, in fact Derek is now worried the gang he turned down will start making his life harder. Derek would fall into which category of the Downey, Chang and Hirsch table model?

Struggling

Rules

Systems we put in place to control outcomes and prevent consequences.

What category/group of modern inventions can create negative flow, causing us to spend and loose countless hours of time on tasks, that in the end take us away from important relationships and responsibilities?

Technology

Healing, Happiness and Success.

Terms whose definitions change depending on the culture you are in.

Barbara Frederickson discovered the domino effect of positive emotions and how they lead to other positive outcomes in our life and she called it:

The Broaden and Build Model of Positive Emotions

DSM

The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual used to screen and define mental illness, which in its earlier version use to define homosexuality as a mental illness.

Gwen's friends ask her what the secret to her happiness is, but she isn't too sure. Despite her circumstances, or what she does throughout any given week of her life, Gwen always has a certain degree of happiness and contentment. Gwen is experiencing which theory of happiness?

The Genetic/Personality Theory

GDP, as it pertains to the lecture, stands for?

The Genetically Deficient Perspective

Terri frequently purges chaos and drama from his life. He doesn't like stress and is quick to remove it. He feels most fulfilled when he is meeting his needs like sleep, food and friendship. Terri is practicing which theory of happiness?

The Need/Goal Satisfaction Theory

Select from the list below other up and coming psychometrics in the Positive Psychology field. You must select all the correct answers to get credit.

The Search Institutes 40 developmental Assets, Correct answer: The VIA Classification of Character Strengths and Virtues

Feedback

The courage to ask questions, disagree and share your true opinion.

Validity

The degree to which the test actually measures what it claims to measure

Social Anxiety

The fear of situations that involve other people, and having to communicate or express oneself to them.

Sometimes people don't access or take advantage of primary prevention's because of:

The illusion of uniqueness

Affect

The immediate reaction you experience to a situation or scenario.

Culture

The many aspects of an individuals life that impact how they see themselves and the world and how other people see them.

Practical Wisdom

The moral skill to know when to follow rules and the moral will that motivates you to do it.

Mood

The overarching lens through which you are filtering and experiencing a period of time, which isn't usually connected to a specific instance, but it can be connected to circumstances.

Psychometrics

The scientific study and development of assessment tools, measurement instruments, and models for psychological phenomena

Emotion

The specific feeling you get, connected to a specific instance when in a particular situation or scenario.

Eugenics

The study of how to control reproduction within a human population to increase the occurrence of heritable characteristics regarded as desirable and to keep out those that were not.

Etiology

The study of what causes illness

Happiness

The term used to define what is better called subjective well-being.

What are thoughts?

Thoughts are chemical reactions of which you have a measure of control and controlling those thoughts influence the emotions you will feel.

Emotionally Intelligent people use silence to recharge, savor the moment and to think before speaking.

True

One of the oldest questions that human civilization has asked themselves is: What is abnormal?

True

Positive Psychology has its roots and foundations in Strength Based Psychology

True

The word "hedonic" in the phrase "Hedonic Psychology" comes from the word "Hedonistic" which is a word that encapsulates the study and fascination with pleasure being a core motivator in the existence of each persons life

True

There are two overarching forms of adapting when an individual is faced with significant adversity or risk.

True

Sandra has identified the existence of close family relationships, cooperation and teamwork and religious systems in many parts of the world. What has Sandra most likely identified?

Universal Strengths and Virtues

The term Etiology means the study of:

What causes illnesses, and in the case of psychology, what causes mental illnesses.

Who was the Harvard psychologist who said, "When we are mindful, we become sensitive to context and perspectives; we are situated in the present"?

ellen langer

Adapting to social and cultural expectations that define for each of us the definition of "bouncing back" and "doing ok" is called:

external adaptations

A wise person is born that way, not made through experiences.

false

A wise person knows that always following the rules is the cornerstone to wisdom.

false

Only 37% of Americans in a 1995 study believe in God and a dismal 12% of millennials believe in God according to a 2015 study.

false

The science and field of Positive Psychology believes that mainstream/contemporary psychology is completely toxic and does not help people overcome their abnormal psychology or suffering.

false

Treating people well, because you hope to get something in return, isn't true altruism.

false

the science and field of PP believes in one ultimate definition of success, happiness and healthiness that everyone should aim fo

false

What is it called when you are in a state of intense, sustained mindfulness but more specifically, the pursuit of a particular goal with great intensity and focus sometimes in the absence of external rewards?

flow

Adapting to expectations and standards that we believe in and hold onto inside of ourselves in the face of significant adversity or risk is called:

internal adaptation

Which terms below make up the trifecta of getting the most out of every moment of your life and experiencing each moment as meaningfully as you can? Select all that apply. You must select all correctly to get credit.

mindfulness, spirituality, flow

In class one day, a teacher begins to describe how certain racial/ethnic minority groups do not achieve as well as their White majority peers in school and life because their family culture is dysfunctional and lacking important characteristics compared to the White American culture. What is this an example of?

none of the following

Developing wisdom requires which ingredients according to Barry Schwartz. Select all that apply.

permission, mentorship, time

The science and field of psychology that studies how human strength and virtue can help people overcome their psychological issues is called: Correct answer:

positive psychology

The degree to which a test is consistent and stable in measuring what it is intended to measure

reliability

Who was it who said, "Rules and procedures might be dumb, but they spare you from thinking."

scott simon

It seems psychologically, that believing in God helps us to answer the big questions and overcome the big problems of life like, what is right and wrong, how should I raise my kids and how do I overcome addiction and trauma?

true

The New Age Thought and philosophy movement has borrowed many ideas from the science and field of Positive Psychology.

true

The science and field of Positive Psychology as we know it today has only been around for the last 30 to 50 years.

true

The science and field of Positive Psychology wants to heal human psychological suffering by focusing on human strength and virtue.

true

Wisdom is important because real world problems are often ambiguous and ill defined.

true

The degree to which a test actually measures what it claims to measure is called: Correct answer:

validity