Poverty

Characteristics of "The Culture of Poverty"

1. Levels of sanitation 2. Lack of effective participation and integration of the poor in the major institutions of the larger society. 3. lack of economic resources 4. segregation and discrimination 5. fear between the wealthy and the poor 6. suspicion or apathy 7. development of local solutions for problems

Fact 2, proportion of residents in extreme poverty

According to Gallup World, in 2013, the 10 countries with the highest proportion of residents living in extreme poverty were all in sub-Saharan Africa. Extreme poverty is defined as living on $1.25 or less a day. In 2010, 414 million people were living in extreme poverty across sub-Saharan Africa. According to the World Bank, those living on $1.25 a day accounted for 48.5 percent of the population in that region in 2010.

Fact 3, undernourished

Approximately one in three people living in sub-Saharan Africa are undernourished. The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations estimated that 239 million people (around 30 percent of the population) in sub-Saharan Africa were hungry in 2010. This is the highest percentage of any region in the world. In addition, the U.N. Millennium Project reported that over 40 percent of all Africans are unable to regularly obtain sufficient food.

Relative poverty

Based on a standard defined by the society in which an individual lives. An individual's standing is based on certain variables identified by their society or government.

Fact 7, violence

Due to continuing violence, conflict and widespread human rights abuses, the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) reports that 18 million people are of concern to the agency, including stateless people and returnees.

Fact 6, productivity

Every year, sub-Saharan Africa misses out on about $30 billion as productivity is compromised by water and sanitation problems. This amount accounts for approximately five percent of the region's gross domestic product (GDP), exceeding the total amount of foreign aid sent to sub-Saharan Africa in 2003.

Fact 8, education

Fewer than 20 percent of African women have access to education. Uneducated African women are twice as likely to contract AIDS and 50 percent less likely to immunize their children. Meanwhile, the children of African women with at least five years of schooling have a 40 percent higher chance of survival.

Fact 4, without electricity

In sub-Saharan Africa, 589 million people live without electricity. As a result, a staggering 80 percent of the population relies on biomass products such as wood, charcoal and dung in order to cook.

Fact 10, children and malaria

More than one million people, mostly children under the age of five, die every year from malaria. Malaria deaths in Africa alone account for 90 percent of all malaria deaths worldwide. Eighty percent of these victims are African children. The U.N. Millennium Project has calculated that a child in Africa dies from malaria every 30 seconds, or about 3,000 each day.

Fact 5, clean water

Of the 738 million people globally who lack access to clean water, 37 percent are living in sub-Saharan Africa. Poverty in Africa results in more than 500 million people suffering from waterborne diseases. According to the U.N. Millennium Project, more than 50 percent of Africans have a water-related illness like cholera.

Fact 1, world's poorest countries

Seventy-five percent of the world's poorest countries are located in Africa, including Zimbabwe, Liberia and Ethiopia. The Central African Republic ranked the poorest in the world with a GDP per capita of $656 in 2016.

Fact 9, women

Women in sub-Saharan Africa are more than 230 times more likely to die during childbirth or pregnancy than women in North America. Approximately one in 16 women living in sub-Saharan African will die during childbirth or pregnancy; only one in 4,000 women in North America will.

Absolute poverty

based on international standards that refer to when a individual lacks the minimum amount of income needed to meet their basic living needs.

Oscar Lewis

referred to "The Culture of Poverty" as opposed to poverty. This concept emphasized certain conditions. Concept emphasized 1. Cash economy, wage labor, and production for profit. 2. Unemployment levels 3. Low wages 4. Lack of organization for low income populations 5. Existence in bilateral kinship system 6. Values in the dominant class= they stress accumulation of wealth and poverty, upward, mobility, and low economic status as a product of inadequacy or inferiority