Power Distribution and transmission

AWG

Also knowmm system used since 1857 predominantly in the United States and Canada for the diameters of round, solid, nonferrous, electrically conducting wire.

30 AMPS (10 G)

Appliances it e.g. Dryer, Air-conditioning, Water Heater

20 AMPS (12 G)

Appliances like Laundry, Bathroom & Kitchen Circuit

SINGLE CONDUCTOR WIRES

Are THW and THWN/THHN, which are protected by metal or plastic sheathing.

red wires

Are also used for hot wires, switch legs (like to a ceiling fan), and are the second hot wire in 220-volt installations. Another useful application is the interconnect wire between two hardwired smoke detectors.

BLACK WIRES

Are always used for hot wires. These wires may feed a switch or outlet and are often used as switch legs.

WIRES

Are those electrical conductors which are 8 mm²

Electrical grid or simply grid

Distribution takes place through a system known as the _______ which is designed to keep power constantly on call so that it can meet demand. Power grid distribution lines can be above or underground.

CABLES

Electrical conductors greater than 8 mm²

* COMPOSITION OF THE CONDUCTOR * LENGTH OF THE CONDUCTOR *CROSS SECTION AREA OF THE CONDUCTOR *TEMPERATURE ​

FACTORS WHICH INFLUENCE RESISTANCE OF THE CONDUCTOR

NONMETALIC SHEATHED CABLE

Factory assembled two or more insulated ——Solid i, . §i Copper conductors having a moisture resistant, flame retardant and non metallic material outer sheath.

40 AMPS (8 G)

Feeder & Large Appliance Wire

55 AMPS (6 G)

Feeder & Large Appliance Wire

* SILVER * COPPER * ALUMINUM * NICKEL * BRASS * ZINC * PLATINUM * IRON * LEAD * TIN

GOOD CONDUCTORS:

* RUBBER * PORCELAIN * VARNISH * SLATE * GLASS * MICA * LATEX * ASBESTOS * THERMOPLASTIC * OILS * WAX

GOOD INSULATORS:

15 AMPS (14 G)

General Lighting, Fans & Outlet / Receptacle Circuits

True

In almost all cases, the power plant consists of a spinning electrical generator.

WHITE AND GRAY WIRES

Indicate a neutral wire

neutral wires

Indicate a neutral wire

SERVICE ENTRANCE CABLE

Is a single conductor or multiconductor assembly provided with or without an overall covering.

resistance

Is done by the friction between the flow of current and the conductor or insulator.

MULTI CONDUCTOR WIRES

Is made from metal or plastic and contains a neutral wire, a "hot" wire (or two), and a grounding wire.

Service Entrance

Is that portion that runs from the utility lines to the point of attachment at the waterhead, then down an entrance cable or conduit to the meter.

CORD

Is the term given to a heavily insulated wire

ELECTRICAL WIRE

It is made of a metal that easily conducts electricity, usually copper, in a plastic sheath called an insulator.

Electrical conduit

Made of Plastic, metal, fiber or fired clay and is available for special purposes

true

Metals offers high resistance to high temperature

<1000V

Minimum Clearance Requirement

conductors

Most metals are considered to be good _____ of electrical current.

gray green

Neutral wires are _____, grounding wires are _____, and hot wires are any other color.

SERVICE ENTRANCE CABLE

Primarily used for services and of the types se and use.

100 AMPS (3 G)

Service Entrance & Feeder Wire - To Panel Box

150 AMPS (1/10 G)

Service Entrance & Feeder Wire - To Panel Box

200 AMPS (3/10 G)

Service Entrance - From Utility Pole to Energy Meter

True

T or F. A good conductor must have extremely low resistance

True

T or F. a good insulator must also have extremely high resistance.

resistance

The longer the wire, the bigger the _____

good conductor

The mineral composition of a conductor is essential factor in determining a ______.

MULTI CONDUCTOR WIRES

The wires are color-coded to guard against connection errors.

SINGLE CONDUCTOR WIRES

The wires themselves can be either solid or stranded. Solid-core wire produces the best connections, but its stiffness makes it more difficult than stranded wire to route through conduit.

Blue and yellow

These wires are usually pulled in conduit.

blue

They also are used as switch legs to things like lights and fans.

Insulators

They do not let electrons flow very easily from one atom to another. Insulators are materials whose atoms have tightly bound electrons.

HH

This wire can withstand heat up to 194 degrees Fahrenheit.

GREEN WIRES

Wires are used only for grounding. These wires will ground devices and shall be bonded to junction boxes and appliance connections for safety.

yellow

are generally used for switch legs. These control things like light, fans, and switched outlets.

blue

are generally used for travelers in three-way and four-way switch applications

Insulators

are materials that have just the opposite effect on the flow of electrons.

3.0 m (10ft)

at the electrical service entrance to buildings, also at the lowest point of the drip loop of the building electrical entrance, and above areas or sidewalks accessible only to pedestrians, measured from final grade or other accessible surface only for overhead service conductors supported on and cabled together with a grounded bare messenger where the voltage does not exceed 150 volts to ground

copper

considered to be a conductor because it "conducts" the electron current or flow of electrons fairly easily. It is just one of the more popular materials that is used for conductors.

AMPACITY

defined as the ability of conductor to carry without over heating

Electrical conduit

electrical piping system used for production and routing of electrical wiring

ARMORED CABLE

fabricated assembly of insulated conductors enclosed in flexible metal sheath. Armored cable is used both in exposed and concealed work.

N

for the nylon coating that covers the wire insulation.

4.5 m (15ft)

for those areas listed in the 3.7 m (12 ft) classification where the voltage exceeds 300 volts to ground

Power distribution

is a process which is used to move electricity from locations where it is generated to people who need it.

W

means that the wire is approved for damp and wet locations. This wire is also suitable for dry locations.

HH

means that the wire is heat resistant and can withstand a higher temperature

X

means the cable is made of a synthetic polymer that is flame-retardant.

H

means the wire is heat resistant.

5.5 m (18ft)

over public streets, alleys, roads, parking areas subject to truck traffic, driveways on other than residential property, and other land such as cultivated, grazing, forest, and orchard

3.7 m (12ft)

over residential property and driveways, and those commercial areas not subject to truck traffic where the voltage does not exceed 300 volts to ground

7.5 m (24.5ft)

over tracks of railroads

Transmission lines

run between sub stations. They are higher and carry high voltages.

Distribution lines

run from the substation to the end user location

MC armored cable

sheathed in spiral metal, but because of its expense it is not commonly used for interior applications.

T

stands for thermoplastic insulated cable.

thermoplastic material

the neutral and hot wires are insulated by a ____

Substations

transform voltage from high to low or low to high.

NONMETALIC SHEATHED CABLE

used specifically for one or two family dwellings not exceeding 3- storey bldg

Service Entrance

where the electric utility's maintenance responsibility ends and the building owner's responsibility begins

ELECTRICAL WIRE

|s the medium through which electricity is carried to and through each individual home that uses electrical power.