Pr 1 (Research topics to be avoided, basic reminders in writing research title, similarities of qualitative and quantitative research)

Naturalistic Approach

data collected reflect personal views, attitudes, thoughts, emotions, and other subjective traits of people in natural setting

Positive or Scientific Approach

focuses on measurable and observable facts rather than personal views, feelings, or attitudes;

1. Informed Consent 2. Honesty 3. Objectivity 4. Integrity 5. Carefulness 6. Openness 7. Respect for Intellectual Property 8. Confidentiality 9. Responsible Mentoring 10. Responsible Publication 11. Respect for Colleagues 12. Social Responsibility 13. Non-discrimination 14. Competence 15. Legality 16. Animal Care 17. Human Subjects Protection

17 Ethics of Research:

Use appropriate descriptive words

A good research title should contain key words used in the manuscript and should define the nature of the study.

Hard to Investigate topics

A subject is hard to investigate if there are no available reading materials about it and if such materials are not up-to-date. (ex. Labor Unions before the Coming of Christ)

1. It adopts naturalistic approach to its subject matter. 2. It promotes understanding of human behaviour. 3. It is instrumental for positive societal change. 4. It revives the value of respecting people's individuality. 5. It is a way to interpret social interactions. 6. It increases researcher's interest since it involves his attachment to the subject.

Advantages of Qualitative Research:

1. Empirical 2. Logical 3. Cyclical 4. Analytical 5. Critical 6. Methodical 7. Replicable

Characteristics of Research:

Vague topics

Choosing topics like these will prevent you from having a clear focus on your paper. Titles beginning with indefinite adjectives such as several, many, some, etc., are vague enough to decrease the readers' interests and curiosity. (ex. Some Excessively Priced Imported Vehicles)

1. It involves the researcher's subjectivity. 2. It is hard to know the validity or reliability of the data. 3. It is open ended questions yield "data overload" which requires long-term analysis. 4. It is time consuming. 5. It involves several process, which greatly depend on researcher's interpretation.

Disadvantages of Qualitative Research:

Highly Technical Topics

For a beginner, researching on topics that require an advanced study, technical knowledge, and vast experience is a difficult task. (Ex. Spaceship Building)

1. Case Study 2. Ethnography 3. Phenomenology 4. Content and Discourse Analysis 5. Historical Analysis 6. Grounded Theory 7. Narrative Report 8. Biography 9. Action Research

Kinds of Qualitative Research:

Avoid Abbreviations and Jargon

Known abbreviations such as AIDS, HIV, and so on can be used in the title. However, lesser-known or specific abbreviations and jargon that would not be immediately familiar to the readers should be left out.

1. Positive or Scientific Approach 2. Naturalistic Approach 3. Triangulation/Mixed Method Approach

Research Approaches:

1. Both have the process of inquiry and investigation. 2. Both improve life and help us understanding various issues of life and in giving solutions to our problems. 3. Both starts with a problem and ends with a problem. 4. Both use textual forms in analyzing and interpretation of data. 5. Both use inductive and deductive methods of presenting data.

Similarities of Qualitative and Quantitative Research:

Keep it simple, brief, and attractive

The primary function of a title is to provide a precise summary of the paper's content

Controversial topics

These are topics that depend greatly on the writer's opinion. Facts cannot support topics like these. (ex. Faith

Too Narrow topics

These subjects are too limited or specific that an extensive or thorough searching or reading for information about these is necessary. (The Definition of Research)

It is a good idea to create a 'working' research title first

This title helps focus the research and writing but can be changed if needed. The final title should be a phrase or a question that indicates the subject and scope of the research while generating the reader's interest and enthusiasm for the topic.

Triangulation/Mixed Method

a combination of the quantitative and qualitative research - allows the mixture of research designs, data collection and data analysis techniques used in the first two methods.

Broad topics

will prevent you from giving an in-depth analysis of the subject matter of the paper. The solution to this is to narrow or limit the topic to a smaller one.